Educational Research Review最新文献

As any model of educational leadership is expected to contribute to academic success, dialogic leadership has emerged as an essential model in this domain, providing compelling evidence of significant improvements in the academic outcomes of students, including reduced absenteeism among school children. Dialogic leadership is an emerging leadership approach that conceptualizes the role of members of the educational community (teachers, students, family members …) that develop leadership practices as they engage in dialogue with others. Research has already demonstrated the positive impacts of dialogic leadership in education as well as in other sectors, for example improving leadership skills in students or enabling the participation of community members in schools, but currently, there are no studies that synthesize these findings. The purpose of this paper is to review the impacts of dialogic leadership, consolidate its defining features, and contextualize it within educational leadership research. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) model was used for guidance in the reporting of this systematic review. We carried out an inductive thematic analysis on 27 articles that met the inclusion criteria. As a result, several themes emerged which describe dialogic leadership as an approach and its impacts. It is identified as an egalitarian and social justice-oriented approach that emphasizes inclusion in education. Its impacts are noted across two levels – individual and institutional. At the individual level, it has demonstrated synergies with improvements in the physical and mental wellbeing of adult learners; in self-confidence in children, staff in early education and adult learners, and in the quality of life of educational community members. While at the institutional level, among others, it has led to an improvement in the academic outcomes of students, and it has played the function of social cohesion - bringing society and community members closer and eliminating knowledge gaps through dialogue. We provide a discussion of these themes, along with the implications and suggestions for future research.

Vocational interests are a commonly used concept to help students choose a study program in higher education. The underlying assumption is that a good choice reflects congruence of the program with a student's vocational interests. This assumption however remains controversial, given the lack of conclusive evidence due to methodological problems, mixed results, and absence of meta-analyses using multiple indicators of academic success. Therefore, we aimed to provide reliable meta-analytic evidence regarding the relationship between interest congruence and three indicators of academic success in higher education, along with the sources of variation moderating this relationship. We first performed a systematic search in three databases, which included 23 studies. We then used psychometric meta-analysis and narrative analysis to synthesise these studies. The meta-analytic results revealed that interest congruence is a positive, albeit small, predictor of academic achievement, persistence in the study program, and satisfaction with the study program. Interestingly, the manner in which interest congruence was operationalised moderated this relation: congruence measures that were operationalised with the full interest profile showed larger effects. The outcomes of the narrative review showed a great variety of methodological approaches, rendering it difficult to draw a firm conclusion. However, the general observation based on the review is that the congruence-outcome relationship is affected by individual characteristics of students, such as prior achievement, gender, first-generation status, and race. In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis and subsequent narrative review indicate that the concept of interest congruence has the potential to be a helpful tool for adolescents for reflection on study choice. However, the relationship between interest congruence and academic success is influenced by a complex interplay of measurement variables and other individual characteristics, which should be considered in future research.

Although they are an important part of learning to read, listening comprehension skills are often hindered among students with intellectual disability (ID). An increasing number of studies have shown that they can be enhanced through shared text reading interventions. In the current multilevel meta-analysis, we aimed to measure the effect of shared text reading on the listening comprehension skills of students with ID and to identify efficient instructional strategies. The meta-analysis included 19 single-case experimental studies encompassing 67 participants with ID. We found a significant average effect size of shared text reading on the listening comprehension skills of students with ID (log response ratio [LRR] = 1.05, 95% CI [0.87, 1.24]) whether or not they needed alternative or augmentative communication systems to communicate effectively. We found no significant moderator, but instructional strategies backed up by sufficient solid evidence to be considered evidence-based could be identified, with clear implications for practice.

Young children spend a significant and increasing amount of time using digital media. Thus, a clear understanding of how best to support children's learning from digital media is important. A specific recommendation by some professional bodies is that parental co-use should be applied to scaffold children's learning from digital media. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the association between adult-child co-use on 0–6-year-old children's learning from digital media. The analysis was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We identified 17 studies investigating typically developing 0–6-year-old children's learning outcomes from digital media use with an adult for inclusion in this meta-analysis. We extracted 100 effect sizes (N_total = 1288) from studies published between 1977 and 2022. Our meta-analysis found a small positive association of adult-child co-use on children's learning from digital media (g = 0.198, 95% CIs: 0.059–0.337, p = 0.009); none of our moderator analyses were significant. While the evidence suggests a positive role of adult-child co-use, support for this conclusion was limited by small sample sizes and a lack of variety in study design. These issues limited the statistical power of our moderator analyses. The effect is, however, clearly significant and suggests that a real effect exists in the practice of co-use, but future research systematically exploring the mechanisms by which adult-child co-use supports children's learning is warranted.

High teacher turnover in schools is a problem in many countries. Many studies have investigated various antecedent effects of turnover in isolation; however, few comparative assessments of the antecedents have been conducted. A meta-analysis was conducted to ascertain the relative power of effects between various antecedents, and turnover and retention behaviors and intentions. We observed variations in the strength of associations between antecedents and real turnover and retention compared to the associations between the same factors and intended turnover and retention. This discrepancy is likely attributed to the fact that involuntary turnover and retention, which may play a significant role in the teacher turnover crisis, cannot be adequately captured in studies focusing solely on intentions.

Since the 1990s, there is a rise in attention to inclusion in education encompassing inclusion in Higher Education (HE), which is an important element of-/and leads to equity in society. HE-teachers are a key factor in improving inclusion in higher education, but little is known about 1) their understanding of inclusion, 2) the challenges they experience for establishing inclusion, and 3) how they characterize inclusive learning environments. In this study, these three aspects were explored using a systematic literature review. From the selected 36 peer-reviewed articles was concluded that even though there is a rise in attention to inclusion in HE in recent years, most attention is still on integrating students with disabilities in regular education instead of the newer broader definition of inclusion ‘for every student’. When HE-teachers’ understanding of inclusion was discussed, they more often had a positive attitude toward inclusion, but it is unclear what this attitude was against (and what is meant by positive/negative) due to the neglect of mentioned definitions of characteristics. HE-teachers’ challenges for inclusion in higher education are internal (lack of knowledge, skills, experience, and confidence) and institutional (lack of resources, support, information, and training). These findings demonstrate the necessity of cooperation between teachers and HE-institutions, in addition to the role of scholars in studying teachers' understanding of inclusion, to improve the inclusive learning environment of students in HE.

This systematic review with narrative synthesis aimed to examine the available evidence on the relationship between neurodiversity and cognitive load in online learning. Despite the known relationship between working memory impairments and neurodiversity, there has been a lack of systematic investigation into how cognitive load impacts neurodivergent students in online learning environments. This review, which includes 90 studies conducted in 21 countries, reveals that the majority (92%) did not consider neurodiversity as a potential factor influencing cognitive load in online learning. The few that did suggest distinct patterns of cognitive load in online learning for neurodivergent students, suggesting a need for more research in this area. The results also point to the potential for methodological advancements in measuring cognitive load in online learning, highlighting that 80% of studies with only neurotypical participants and 60% of studies including neurodivergent participants relied solely on subjective measures of cognitive load. This review contributes to the field by offering a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge of the relationship between neurodiversity and cognitive load in online learning, identifying significant gaps and suggesting directions for future studies.

Morphemes are the smallest meaningful units of language (e.g., affixes, base words) that express grammatical and semantic information. Additionally, morphological knowledge is significantly related to children's word reading and reading comprehension skills. Researchers have broadly assessed morphological knowledge by using a wide range of tasks and stimuli, which has influenced the interpretation of the relations between morphological knowledge and reading outcomes. This review of 103 studies used meta-analytic structural equation modeling (MASEM) to investigate the relations between commonly occurring morphological knowledge assessment features (e.g., written versus oral, spelling versus no spelling) in the literature to reading outcomes, including word reading and reading comprehension. Meta-regression techniques were used to examine moderators of age and reading ability. Morphological assessments that used a written modality (e.g., reading, writing) were more predictive of word reading outcomes than those administered orally. Assessments of morphological spelling were more predictive of both word reading and reading comprehension outcomes than those that did not examine spelling accuracy. Age was a significant moderator of the relation between morphology and word reading, such that the relation was stronger for the younger than the older children. Younger children also demonstrated higher relations between multiple task dimensions and reading comprehension, including oral tasks, tasks without decoding, and tasks that provided context clues. These findings have important implications for future morphological intervention studies aimed to improve children's reading outcomes, in particular the use of orthography and spelling within the context of teaching morphology.

Open inquiry is the fourth and highest level of an inquiry-based approach in science teaching and learning. Although previous research has highlighted several benefits of open inquiry, thus far, no studies have comprehensively reviewed its impacts using systematic and rigorous methodologies. Thus, the central aim of this review study was to develop a better understanding of the impacts of an open inquiry approach on students' learning in science. The search strategy was restricted to articles published in established scholarly databases (WOS, Scopus and ERIC), following the seven steps in conducting a systematic literature review process in educational research. As a result, 24 articles were extracted and qualified for inclusion in this review study. Finally, a thematic analysis was conducted to analyse the articles and five themes were generated: i) students' conceptual understanding, ii) students' motivation, iii) students' attitudes towards science, iv) students' scientific and thinking skills, and v) students' science literacy and other science-related skills. Although open inquiry positively impacted students' learning in science, the reviewed article also reported some challenges in its implementation, notably the need for classroom management, flexible teaching and learning, teacher-student interaction and teacher support. This review study provides a significant contribution to science education research, indicating that the highest level of an inquiry-based approach may not be the ‘best’ approach. However, this review offers a future opportunity for policymakers, teacher educators, science education academics, NGOs, science teachers, and other interested parties to promote inquiry pedagogy to improve students' learning in science.