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Joan Robinson’s intelligible Marxism and The Accumulation of Capital: a generalisation of the two-sector reproduction scheme 琼·罗宾逊易懂的马克思主义和资本积累:两部门再生产计划的概括
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-10-07 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead038
Andrew B Trigg
Abstract Joan Robinson sought to make Marx’s economics intelligible to both academic colleagues and followers of Marx, in a twofold approach. First, she adopted Kalecki’s antipathy to the labour theory of value and his insights (following Rosa Luxemburg) into realisation problems in the schemes of reproduction; second, following Sraffa’s reading of Ricardo, she recognised the importance of surplus production as an alternative to neoclassical theory: both culminating in a stripped down two-sector scheme her mature work, The Accumulation of Capital. This scheme is recast here as an input–output framework, providing a generalisation that addresses some of its limitations: the need for an interface with the Kahn/Keynes employment multiplier, the absence of circulating capital inputs, and the lack of a systematic treatment of prices. Furthermore, a somewhat surprising result is the derivation of a core role for Marx’s category of surplus value in the employment multiplier derived from Robinson’s system.
琼·罗宾逊试图通过双重途径,让马克思的学术同事和追随者都能理解马克思的经济学。首先,她采用了卡莱茨基对劳动价值论的反感,以及他(继罗莎·卢森堡之后)对再生产方案中实现问题的见解;其次,在斯拉法阅读李嘉图之后,她认识到剩余生产作为新古典主义理论替代品的重要性:两者都以她成熟的作品《资本积累》(the Accumulation of Capital)中剥离的两部门方案而达到高潮。这个方案在这里被重新塑造为一个投入产出框架,提供了一个概括,解决了它的一些局限性:需要与卡恩/凯恩斯的就业乘数接口,缺乏流动资本投入,以及缺乏对价格的系统处理。此外,一个有点令人惊讶的结果是,马克思的剩余价值范畴在从鲁宾逊的体系中推导出的就业乘数中扮演了核心角色。
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引用次数: 0
Valuation and emotion according to John Dewey 约翰·杜威认为价值和情感
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-28 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead040
Emmanuel Petit, Jérôme Ballet
Abstract The role of morals, ethics and values in economics is a much-discussed topic. The purpose of this article is to review the pragmatist philosopher John Dewey’s contribution to this debate. He particularly points out the importance of emotion. Indeed, emotion has remained a blind spot in the author’s thinking on values, given the extent to which the debate on rationality and value has taken precedence. We begin by showing the contiguity of the notions of valuation and emotion in the author’s thinking. We then discuss the role of emotion in the conduct of moral inquiry by situating his thinking in relation to emotivism, before more specifically addressing the role of emotion in Dewey’s thinking. Finally, we discuss how Dewey’s thinking can contribute to the debate on values and valuation in economics.
道德、伦理和价值观在经济学中的作用是一个备受讨论的话题。本文的目的是回顾实用主义哲学家约翰·杜威在这场辩论中的贡献。他特别指出了情感的重要性。事实上,考虑到理性和价值的争论占据了优先地位,情感在作者的价值观思考中一直是一个盲点。我们首先展示了作者思想中价值和情感概念的连续性。然后,我们通过将他的思想与情感主义联系起来,讨论情感在道德探究中的作用,然后更具体地讨论情感在杜威思想中的作用。最后,我们讨论了杜威的思想如何有助于经济学中关于价值和估值的辩论。
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引用次数: 0
Reconciling two concepts of money: Karl Marx and Tony Lawson 调和了两个关于金钱的概念:卡尔·马克思和托尼·劳森
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead037
Xiuhui Li
Abstract There are two fundamental theories of the nature of money: the commodity theory and the credit theory. These theories, with their contrasting core emphases on a commodity or on debt, are widely recognised as being wholly incompatible. However, we argue that the core emphases at least are reconcilable in determining a more sustainable way of conceptualising money. We demonstrate, first, the fatal problems of the two conceptions of money, and the necessity of reconciling their contrasting core emphases to address the puzzle of money. Second, we find another theoretical tradition represented by Karl Marx and Tony Lawson that provides methods to achieve the desired reconciliation. Marx applies duality analysis to the nature of money, and Lawson draws on social positioning theory. This paper can aid scholars in better understanding the nature of money.
货币本质有两种基本理论:商品理论和信用理论。人们普遍认为,这两种理论的核心重点分别是商品或债务,两者完全不相容。然而,我们认为,在确定一种更可持续的货币概念化方式时,核心重点至少是可以调和的。首先,我们论证了两种货币概念的致命问题,以及调和它们截然不同的核心重点以解决货币之谜的必要性。其次,我们发现以卡尔·马克思和托尼·劳森为代表的另一种理论传统为实现理想的和解提供了方法。马克思对货币的本质进行了二元分析,劳森则借鉴了社会定位理论。本文可以帮助学者们更好地理解货币的本质。
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引用次数: 0
Income inequality in terms of a Gini coefficient: a Kaleckian perspective 从基尼系数看收入不平等:卡列奇的视角
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead036
Shinya Fujita
Abstract This study presents a theoretical framework that connects functional income distribution and personal income distribution from the Kaleckian perspective and investigates the effects of changes in mark-up rate and interest rate on income inequality in terms of the Gini coefficient. The results demonstrate that a rise in the mark-up rate with weak bargaining power of workers raises the Gini coefficient irrespective of a profit-led or wage-led demand regime. The analyses also demonstrate that a decline in the interest rate negatively affects the Gini coefficient if and only if the bargaining power of workers is sufficiently strong.
摘要本文从Kaleckian的视角构建了功能收入分配与个人收入分配的理论框架,并从基尼系数的角度考察了加成率和利率变化对收入不平等的影响。结果表明,无论利润主导还是工资主导的需求机制,在工人议价能力较弱的情况下,加成率的上升都会提高基尼系数。分析还表明,当且仅当工人的议价能力足够强时,利率的下降会对基尼系数产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Absorptive capacities and external openness in underdeveloped innovation systems: a patent network analysis for Latin American countries 1970–2017 欠发达创新体系的吸收能力与外部开放:1970-2017年拉美国家专利网络分析
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-18 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead034
Carlos Bianchi, Pablo Galaso, Sergio Palomeque
Abstract This paper contributes to the literature on innovation and development by analysing the absorptive and connectivity capacities of Latin American innovation systems between 1970 and 2017. Applying network analysis to a USPTO database containing Latin American inventors, we build and analyse collaboration networks in the process of invention and knowledge appropriation. The structural properties and the evolution of such networks allow us to measure critical attributes of the Latin American innovation systems. Specifically, the networks exhibit low absorptive capacity and high external openness, which are critical linkages with external nodes in the network growth process. We identify different trajectories of innovation systems within the region, analysing specific paths of capability (de)accumulation and network maturity against the backdrop of national development trajectories.
本文通过分析1970年至2017年拉美创新系统的吸收能力和连通性,对创新与发展的关系进行了研究。将网络分析应用于包含拉丁美洲发明者的USPTO数据库,我们构建并分析了发明和知识占有过程中的协作网络。这种网络的结构特性和演变使我们能够衡量拉丁美洲创新系统的关键属性。具体而言,网络表现为低吸收能力和高对外开放性,这是网络成长过程中与外部节点的关键联系。我们确定了该地区创新系统的不同轨迹,并在国家发展轨迹的背景下分析了能力(de)积累和网络成熟的具体路径。
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引用次数: 1
Joan Robinson through the lenses of sixty years of book reviews 琼·罗宾逊通过60年的书评镜头
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead029
Maria Cristina Marcuzzo, Giulia Zacchia
Abstract In this paper, we discuss Joan Robinson’s views through the lenses of her 127 book reviews, an activity which she engaged in throughout her life. A complete list of them—so we hope—is presented with full reference to the original place of publication, in the form of tables arranged by decade. We follow her work in chronological order, taking each decade as the framework to analyse what she was working on at the time and show how her reviews were—at times loosely, at times closely—connected with her scientific and political concerns. In some cases, the reviews amounted to review essays, which she reprinted in her Collected Economic Papers, but even in the short reviews she managed to give full expression to her views on the topic or author, and thus they offer us additional insights into her mode of thought, examples of her crisp prose and forceful style of argument. Her reviews ranged over a great variety of topics, reflecting over 60 years of the development of economics, or at least those aspects and topics which she deemed relevant at the time, and so they come to form part of her intellectual legacy, as much as her published work.
本文通过琼·罗宾逊一生从事的127篇书评来探讨她的观点。一份完整的清单——我们希望如此——以按年代排列的表格的形式呈现,并充分参考原始出版地点。我们按照时间顺序跟踪她的工作,以每十年为框架来分析她当时的工作内容,并展示她的评论是如何与她的科学和政治关切时而松散,时而紧密联系在一起的。在某些情况下,这些评论等于评论文章,她将其转载到她的《经济学论文集》中,但即使在简短的评论中,她也设法充分表达了她对主题或作者的看法,因此,这些评论为我们提供了对她的思维模式的额外见解,以及她简洁的散文和有力的论证风格的例子。她的评论涵盖了各种各样的主题,反映了60多年来经济学的发展,或者至少是她当时认为相关的方面和主题,因此,这些评论和她发表的作品一样,构成了她知识遗产的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
Kalecki’s notes on Robinson’s Essay on Marxian Economics 卡莱茨基对鲁滨逊《马克思主义经济学》的批注
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-11 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead031
Jan Toporowski
Abstract This essay presents Kalecki’s notes on Joan Robinson’s Essay on Marxian Economics, (hitherto published only in a Polish translation) introduced by an explanation of the part that Kalecki’s work played in Robinson’s reconsideration of Marx in the light of the new ideas coming from Keynes and Kalecki. Kalecki defended Marx against Robinson’s more extreme accusations of inconsistency. Kalecki’s notes are given in an appendix to this essay.
本文介绍了卡莱茨基对琼·罗宾逊的《马克思主义经济学论文》(迄今为止只出版了波兰语译本)的注释,并解释了卡莱茨基的著作在罗宾逊根据凯恩斯和卡莱茨基的新思想重新思考马克思方面所起的作用。卡莱茨基为马克思辩护,反对罗宾逊对马克思前后矛盾的更为极端的指责。卡莱茨基的注释在本文的附录中。
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引用次数: 0
The interdisciplinarity of economics 经济学的跨学科性
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead021
Alexandre Truc, Olivier Santerre, Yves Gingras, François Claveau
Abstract Economics has the reputation to be an insular discipline with little consideration for other social sciences and humanities (SSH). Recent research (Angrist et al., 2020) challenges this perception of economics: the perception would be historically inaccurate and especially at odds with the recent interdisciplinarity of economics. By systematically studying citation patterns since the 1950s in thousands of journals, we offer the best established conclusions to date on this issue. Our results do show that the discipline is uniquely insular from a historical point of view. But we also document an important turn after the 1990s that drastically transformed the discipline as it became more open, very quickly, to the influence of management, environmental sciences and to a lesser degree, a variety of the SSH. While this turn made economics less uniquely insular, as of today economics remains the least outward-looking discipline with management among all SSH. Furthermore, unlike in the other major social sciences, the most influential journals in economics have not significantly contributed to the recent increase in the interdisciplinarity of the discipline. While economics is changing, it is too soon to claim that it has completed an interdisciplinary turn.
经济学一直被认为是一门孤立的学科,很少考虑其他社会科学和人文科学。最近的研究(Angrist et al., 2020)挑战了这种对经济学的看法:这种看法在历史上是不准确的,特别是与最近经济学的跨学科性不一致。通过系统地研究自20世纪50年代以来数千种期刊的引文模式,我们提供了迄今为止关于这一问题的最佳确定结论。我们的结果确实表明,从历史的角度来看,这门学科是独特的孤立。但我们也记录了20世纪90年代之后的一个重要转折,它彻底改变了这门学科,因为它变得更加开放,非常迅速,受到管理学、环境科学和其他一些学科的影响。虽然这一转变使经济学不再那么孤立,但时至今日,经济学仍然是所有学科中最不外向型的学科。此外,与其他主要社会科学不同,经济学领域最具影响力的期刊并没有对该学科跨学科性的近期增长做出显著贡献。尽管经济学正在发生变化,但现在断言它已经完成了跨学科的转变还为时过早。
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引用次数: 0
Positive money: progressive solution or Trojan Horse? 积极的金钱:渐进的解决方案还是特洛伊木马?
2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead035
Christian Etzrodt
Abstract Andrew Jackson and Ben Dyson made in 2012 a proposal for banking sector reform, which aimed at eliminating the ability of commercial banks to create money. They claim that their proposal would return the monopoly of money creation to the state, would reduce the debt level in society, and in turn would end the need for expensive bail-outs of too-big-to-fail banks by taxpayers. This paper will discuss the theory-external post-Keynesian criticism of the reform proposal as well as a theory-internal criticism, which focusses on the impact of this proposal for the banks’ customers, the commercial banks and the taxpayers. The analysis will show that Jackson and Dyson’s proposal is not a progressive solution but a Trojan Horse.
Andrew Jackson和Ben Dyson在2012年提出了银行业改革的建议,旨在消除商业银行创造货币的能力。他们声称,他们的提议将把货币创造的垄断权交还给国家,将降低社会的债务水平,进而不再需要纳税人为“大到不能倒”的银行提供昂贵的纾困。本文将讨论对改革方案的理论-外部后凯恩斯主义批评以及理论-内部批评,重点讨论该方案对银行客户、商业银行和纳税人的影响。分析将表明,杰克逊和戴森的提议不是一个进步的解决方案,而是一个特洛伊木马。
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引用次数: 0
Joan Robinson’s historical time and the current state of post-Keynesian growth theory 琼·罗宾逊的历史时代与后凯恩斯主义增长理论的现状
IF 2 2区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.1093/cje/bead028
Ettore Gallo, M. Setterfield
This paper discusses Joan Robinson’s remarks on the importance of historical time in economic analysis. On the one hand, Joan Robinson expressed skepticism with equilibrium analysis as such, arguing that as soon as economists take into account the uncertainty of expectations, history needs to replace equilibrium. On the other hand, Robinson stressed that, while building economic models, one must be aware that it is historical time rather than logical time that rules reality, warning against the methodological mistake of confusing comparisons of equilibrium positions with a movement between them. We argue that these criticisms point to the possibility of thinking in terms of two different ‘levels’ of historical time—a higher (fundamentalist) level, and a practical (and more analytically tractable) lower level. Using this distinction, we provide a taxonomy of existing strands of post-Keynesian growth theory that are consistent with the concept of low-level historical time. It is shown that despite appearances to the contrary, much post-Keynesian growth theory displays fidelity to Joan Robinson’s concern with the importance of historical time.
本文论述了琼·罗宾逊关于历史时间在经济分析中的重要性的论述。一方面,琼·罗宾逊对均衡分析本身表示怀疑,认为一旦经济学家考虑到预期的不确定性,历史就需要取代均衡。另一方面,罗宾逊强调,在建立经济模型时,人们必须意识到,支配现实的是历史时间,而不是逻辑时间,他警告人们不要在方法论上犯错误,把平衡位置的比较与它们之间的运动混为一谈。我们认为,这些批评指出了在历史时间的两个不同“层次”上进行思考的可能性——一个较高的(原教旨主义的)层次,和一个实际的(更易于分析的)较低的层次。利用这一区别,我们提供了一种与低水平历史时间概念一致的后凯恩斯增长理论现有分支的分类。研究表明,尽管表面上与此相反,许多后凯恩斯增长理论都忠实于琼·罗宾逊对历史时间重要性的关注。
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引用次数: 0
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Cambridge Journal of Economics
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