Transport Reviews最新文献

The European Commission’s concept of Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning (SUMP) aims to prepare transport planners for the challenge of fundamental transformations to achieve climate-neutral and sustainable cities. While the concept has been widely adopted by European cities over the last decade, it can be asked whether SUMP is able to trigger the required transformative change in mobility systems. This paper critically reflects on the SUMP concept by systematically comparing it with the theoretical governance framework of Transition Management (TM), which is explicitly designed to foster transformative change. Based on a literature review, we examine similarities and differences between these approaches regarding the planning dimensions of context, content and process. Drawing on this comparison, the paper demonstrates how SUMP could learn from TM in practice and research in four main ways: (i) utilising transition theory to better address transition features; (ii) using collaborative formats from TM while taking account of legitimacy concerns; (iii) incorporating backcasting approaches; and (iv) explicitly integrating experiments into the process cycle. The paper exemplifies how insights from transition research can stimulate the further development of procedures, methods and tools towards transformation-oriented planning.

Promoting alternative travel modes to private cars is a crucial aspect of sustainable transport policies. The integration of different transport modes and services, facilitated by mobile apps and payment systems, has expanded travel options and fostered multimodal travel behaviour. Despite the increasing prevalence of multimodal transport in practice, there exists a shortage of systematic academic research on this subject. This paper seeks to fill this gap by presenting an overview of key themes related to multimodality in travel behaviour, providing valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners. Leveraging an in-depth analysis of 182 relevant papers extracted from the Web of Science database, this paper intricately formulates a comprehensive conceptual framework that delves into the definition and measurement of multimodality. Furthermore, it synthesises recent perspectives and insights pertaining to the factors shaping multimodality and its socio-environmental impacts. The paper suggests several potential research directions in multimodality, including a focus on the supportive environment for multimodal behaviour (termed multimodal-oriented development, MMOD), an examination of the socio-environmental effects of multimodality and MMOD, and an investigation of regional variations in knowledge and practices related to multimodality. By exploring these research avenues, this paper aims to advance our understanding of multimodal travel behaviour and contribute to the development of effective strategies and policies promoting sustainable transportation systems.

The success of the first Metrocable line in Medellín (2004) as a feeder for the Metro system served as a turning point in considering the use of aerial cable cars (ACC) as a mode of public transport in urban settlements. In the following years, 33 ACC transit lines were inaugurated in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), the majority after 2010. This review has several aims: (i) to understand the differences in aerial cableway transit (ACT) technologies; (ii) to describe the characteristics of the ACC service area for the most critical case studies in LAC and identify their role in the public transport system; and (iii) to find the essential societal benefits presented by ACC. We will follow two complementary approaches. First, the review concentrates on the most recent technological advances. Second, 24 reports were obtained from scientific databases, complemented by another 18 found using the “snowball” method. Our findings show that detachable gondolas, called aerial cable cars in the transport literature, are the most used technology as a transit mode. Furthermore, the ACC initially served as a feeder mode, serving low-income communities on hillside terrains. However, some cases are restructuring the public transport system and building a comprehensive network utilising the ACC. The empirical evidence shows that complementary projects are essential to impact less-frequent ACC users and people in the neighbourhood. Moreover, travel time and cost reductions increase accessibility and reduce inequalities, especially in the service area. Participatory budgeting may also prompt community engagement with the project, especially among low-income residents. Considering integration between transport modes (and within transit modes) in the project's early stages will also increase ridership and users’ accessibility. Future research should focus on the travel behaviour and societal impacts of ACC integrated into the structure of the public transport systems.

The need to reduce transport-related GHG emissions has led many governments to stimulate a shift from the use of traditional combustion engine vehicles to the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs). While private and shared electric mobility (EM) options may have positive environmental outcomes, equity concerns regarding the adoption transition to EM are receiving increasing attention. This paper examines a number of theoretical concepts that describe the underlying processes that lead to transportation inequalities and identifies empirical evidence on EM adoption mechanisms with justice implications that sustain inequalities and potentially prevent a desired social-inclusive transition to EM. The empirical findings from the literature reviewed revealed how factors such as unequal distribution of economic incentives, charging and access to EM, power configuration of the space, and differences in personal characteristics and capabilities all play a role in EM adoption. Accordingly, the acceleration of EM diffusion without a critical evaluation might lead to undesired societal outcomes regarding social exclusion and transportation burdens. The results make evident the necessity to set social inclusion as both a goal and as a process, as one of the main strategic targets, along with the urgency for decarbonisation, in the current early stage of the transition to EM.

A modal shift of freight from road to rail and waterborne transport can contribute to reduced negative externalities (mainly air pollution) from freight transport. The purpose of this paper is to identify modal shift public policy instruments in Europe and analyse their performance based on existing ex post evaluations. This analysis identifies 93 public policy instruments, in which 20 ex post evaluations were found. The evaluations mainly consider subsidies/grants at the national level or regulations and directives at the European Union (EU) level. The results suggest that evaluations of subsidies and grants at the national level most commonly describe a positive performance, while several evaluations at the EU level describe a poor or mixed performance. Well-defined targets and simpler application processes are mentioned in several ex post evaluations as suggestions for improving the performance of modal shift policy instruments in Europe.

Car dependency leads to a variety of societal problems and challenges, not least environmental ones. It is thus not only relevant but also critical to better understand the determinants of car ownership and use. Among those contributing factors, the role of subjective factors is often acknowledged to be important, yet not well understood. We conduct a systematic review of the literature regarding the effect of such motives on car ownership and usage. Based on the commonalities found in the reviewed articles, we identify and describe the five most relevant subjective factors in detail: (i) instrumental motives and autonomy, (ii) affective motives, (iii) symbolic motives, (iv) social norms, and (v) environmental motives. We synthesise these findings in a car ownership/use motives model, discuss implications for public policy and outline directions for future research.

Driver fatigue is a major cause of road crashes. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the potential consequences of driver fatigue in taxi (conventional and app-based), ride-hailing, and ridesharing services. Driver fatigue is likely to be significantly exacerbated in this population due to the multi-task characteristics of their jobs; thus, conducting a comprehensive study on driver fatigue in these transportation sectors is of utmost importance. This systematic review summarises the current state of knowledge about the causes and consequences of driver fatigue. We also suggested some potential control mechanisms for driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing services along a fatigue risk trajectory. We included studies published prior to September 2022 in three databases (Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed) using a predefined search strategy. Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklists. A total of 18 studies met our eligibility criteria as scoped from the 414 initially identified studies. Eight contributing factors to driver fatigue were revealed including long working hours, short rest breaks, limited driving experience, job demand, poor sleep, algorithmic management, traffic congestion, and additional workload. Furthermore, our review identified risk factors for driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing services, including road safety, work pressure and driver’s health, optimism bias, job precariousness, and lack of additional benefits. Findings to date suggest that driver fatigue in taxi and ride-hailing industries is as serious as, or more serious than, in other transportation sectors. Understanding the working conditions of these drivers is critical to establish effective policies and practices for reducing crash-related driver fatigue.