{"title":"Commentary: Increasing generalizability of parent psychosocial functioning within the context of pediatric chronic pain.","authors":"Brittany Ricart, Jocelyn Smith Carter","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae019","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"318-320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Emerging research suggests that completion of pediatric cancer treatment can be challenging for caregivers given shifting roles and responsibilities. Lower caregiver quality of life (QOL) has been associated with cancer-related variables, higher cancer caregiving strain, and more household material hardship during pediatric cancer treatment. Caregiver QOL at the end of treatment has not been fully investigated but has implications for child and family well-being. Using a psycho-oncology framework, this study aimed to understand the cumulative burden of household material hardship and cancer-related factors on caregiver QOL at the end of treatment.
Methods: Caregivers (N = 143) of children (Mage=10.51 years) within 1 year of ending active cancer treatment completed self-report questionnaires assessing their QOL, cancer-specific worry, and material hardship (e.g., housing, insurance). Total months of active cancer treatment were extracted from the medical record. Hierarchical linear regression was used to test the relative effects of length of treatment, material hardship, and cancer-specific worry on caregiver QOL.
Results: Cancer-specific worry was significantly associated with and accounted for significant variance in caregiver QOL, above and beyond the length of treatment and material hardship. Caregivers who endorsed more cancer-specific worry had poorer QOL. Material hardship was also significantly associated with caregivers' QOL, but length of treatment was not.
Conclusions: Caregivers with sufficient resources and less worry about cancer have higher QOL. Findings highlight the importance of end-of-treatment screening of caregivers' subjective cancer-specific worry in addition to material hardship, irrespective of their cancer-related stressors, for ongoing psychosocial support.
目的：新近的研究表明，由于角色和责任的转变，完成小儿癌症治疗对护理者来说是一项挑战。在儿科癌症治疗期间，护理者较低的生活质量（QOL）与癌症相关变量、较高的癌症护理压力和较多的家庭物质困难有关。护理人员在治疗结束后的生活质量尚未得到充分研究，但这对儿童和家庭的福祉具有重要影响。本研究采用肿瘤心理学框架，旨在了解治疗结束时家庭物质困难和癌症相关因素对照顾者QOL造成的累积负担：儿童（年龄=10.51岁）的照顾者（N = 143）在结束积极癌症治疗后的一年内填写了自我报告问卷，评估他们的QOL、癌症特异性担忧和物质困难（如住房、保险）。从医疗记录中提取了癌症治疗的总月数。采用层次线性回归法检验治疗时间、物质困难和癌症特异性担忧对照顾者QOL的相对影响：结果：癌症特异性担忧与照顾者的 QOL 有显著相关性，并且在照顾者的 QOL 中占显著差异，超过了治疗时间和物质困难的影响。对癌症特异性担忧较多的护理者的 QOL 较差。物质困难也与照顾者的 QOL 有很大关系，但治疗时间的长短与照顾者的 QOL 无关：结论：资源充足、对癌症担忧较少的护理者的 QOL 较高。研究结果凸显了在治疗末期筛查护理人员的主观癌症特异性担忧以及物质困难的重要性，无论他们是否面临与癌症相关的压力，这对持续的心理支持都非常重要。
{"title":"Quality of life of caregivers at the end of their child's pediatric cancer treatment: cancer-specific worry and material hardship.","authors":"Liana R Galtieri, Megan N Perez, Lamia P Barakat","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae014","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Emerging research suggests that completion of pediatric cancer treatment can be challenging for caregivers given shifting roles and responsibilities. Lower caregiver quality of life (QOL) has been associated with cancer-related variables, higher cancer caregiving strain, and more household material hardship during pediatric cancer treatment. Caregiver QOL at the end of treatment has not been fully investigated but has implications for child and family well-being. Using a psycho-oncology framework, this study aimed to understand the cumulative burden of household material hardship and cancer-related factors on caregiver QOL at the end of treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Caregivers (N = 143) of children (Mage=10.51 years) within 1 year of ending active cancer treatment completed self-report questionnaires assessing their QOL, cancer-specific worry, and material hardship (e.g., housing, insurance). Total months of active cancer treatment were extracted from the medical record. Hierarchical linear regression was used to test the relative effects of length of treatment, material hardship, and cancer-specific worry on caregiver QOL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cancer-specific worry was significantly associated with and accounted for significant variance in caregiver QOL, above and beyond the length of treatment and material hardship. Caregivers who endorsed more cancer-specific worry had poorer QOL. Material hardship was also significantly associated with caregivers' QOL, but length of treatment was not.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caregivers with sufficient resources and less worry about cancer have higher QOL. Findings highlight the importance of end-of-treatment screening of caregivers' subjective cancer-specific worry in addition to material hardship, irrespective of their cancer-related stressors, for ongoing psychosocial support.</p>","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"348-355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140066072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delanie K Roberts, Dustin E Sarver, Annah R Cash, Benjamin H Walker, Crystal S Lim
Objective: Research provides support for the associated risk of inadequate sleep duration, limited physical activity, and excessive media use in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. The present study aims to (1) examine the association between ADHD and overweight or obese status (OW/OB); (2) comprehensively examine sleep duration, physical activity, and media use as potential moderators of OW/OB; and (3) examine the moderating effects of these health behaviors cross-sectionally by comparing medicated youth with ADHD, unmedicated youth with ADHD, and youth without ADHD.
Methods: Data were acquired from the 2018 and 2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative survey of caregivers conducted across the United States. The current study used data for youth 11-17 years old with a final sample size of 26,644. Hours of sleep, physical activity, and media use per day were dichotomized based on national recommendation guidelines for each health behavior (i.e., either meeting or not meeting guidelines).
Results: The OW/OB prevalence rate was 7% greater among unmedicated youth with ADHD than among medicated youth with ADHD. Medicated youth with ADHD and peers without ADHD had similar OW/OB rates. Among medicated youth with ADHD, physical activity, sleep duration, and media use did not contribute to OW/OB risk after controlling for family poverty level. However, among unmedicated youth with ADHD, meeting sleep duration guidelines was linked to a lower OW/OB risk.
Conclusion: Overall, findings suggest that clinical providers and parents may wish to prioritize improved sleep duration in the management of OW/OB risk in youth with ADHD.
{"title":"Understanding health behaviors that modify the risk for obesity in ADHD.","authors":"Delanie K Roberts, Dustin E Sarver, Annah R Cash, Benjamin H Walker, Crystal S Lim","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Research provides support for the associated risk of inadequate sleep duration, limited physical activity, and excessive media use in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obesity. The present study aims to (1) examine the association between ADHD and overweight or obese status (OW/OB); (2) comprehensively examine sleep duration, physical activity, and media use as potential moderators of OW/OB; and (3) examine the moderating effects of these health behaviors cross-sectionally by comparing medicated youth with ADHD, unmedicated youth with ADHD, and youth without ADHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were acquired from the 2018 and 2019 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative survey of caregivers conducted across the United States. The current study used data for youth 11-17 years old with a final sample size of 26,644. Hours of sleep, physical activity, and media use per day were dichotomized based on national recommendation guidelines for each health behavior (i.e., either meeting or not meeting guidelines).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OW/OB prevalence rate was 7% greater among unmedicated youth with ADHD than among medicated youth with ADHD. Medicated youth with ADHD and peers without ADHD had similar OW/OB rates. Among medicated youth with ADHD, physical activity, sleep duration, and media use did not contribute to OW/OB risk after controlling for family poverty level. However, among unmedicated youth with ADHD, meeting sleep duration guidelines was linked to a lower OW/OB risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, findings suggest that clinical providers and parents may wish to prioritize improved sleep duration in the management of OW/OB risk in youth with ADHD.</p>","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"372-381"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140186050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Azeb Gebre, Nicola Hawley, Mary A Carskadon, Hollie Raynor, Elissa Jelalian, Judith Owens, Rena R Wing, Chantelle N Hart
Objective: To examine whether child routines (the consistency or variation in children's daily routines, household responsibilities, discipline routines, and homework routines) moderated the effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention to enhance sleep in school-aged children.
Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted with a subset of 66 families with short sleeping (≤9.5 hr/day) children, 8-11 years old (female = 68%; mean age = 9.76, SD = 1.02) who completed the Child Routines Inventory at baseline and were then randomized to receive a behavioral sleep intervention (n = 32) or to control (n = 34). Sleep period was objectively measured using wrist actigraphy at baseline and 2 months post-randomization. Moderation analysis was performed using ordinary least squares regression using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.
Results: Controlling for sleep period at baseline, treatment condition was significantly related to the sleep period at 2 months post-randomization, with the intervention group achieving a longer sleep period compared to the usual sleep period group (control) (b = 46.30, p < .01). Intervention response was moderated by child routines (b = 1.43, p < .05). Specifically, the intervention produced the greatest change in sleep period for children who engaged in greater routine behaviors at baseline than those who engaged in fewer routine behaviors.
Conclusions: Families that engage in routine behaviors may be better equipped to adopt the behavioral modifications required to get a good night's sleep. The findings highlight the importance of working with families to establish routine behaviors to improve responses to behavioral sleep interventions.
{"title":"Child routines moderate a brief behavioral intervention to enhance sleep in school-aged children.","authors":"Azeb Gebre, Nicola Hawley, Mary A Carskadon, Hollie Raynor, Elissa Jelalian, Judith Owens, Rena R Wing, Chantelle N Hart","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae015","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine whether child routines (the consistency or variation in children's daily routines, household responsibilities, discipline routines, and homework routines) moderated the effectiveness of a brief behavioral intervention to enhance sleep in school-aged children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Secondary analysis was conducted with a subset of 66 families with short sleeping (≤9.5 hr/day) children, 8-11 years old (female = 68%; mean age = 9.76, SD = 1.02) who completed the Child Routines Inventory at baseline and were then randomized to receive a behavioral sleep intervention (n = 32) or to control (n = 34). Sleep period was objectively measured using wrist actigraphy at baseline and 2 months post-randomization. Moderation analysis was performed using ordinary least squares regression using the PROCESS macro for SPSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Controlling for sleep period at baseline, treatment condition was significantly related to the sleep period at 2 months post-randomization, with the intervention group achieving a longer sleep period compared to the usual sleep period group (control) (b = 46.30, p < .01). Intervention response was moderated by child routines (b = 1.43, p < .05). Specifically, the intervention produced the greatest change in sleep period for children who engaged in greater routine behaviors at baseline than those who engaged in fewer routine behaviors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Families that engage in routine behaviors may be better equipped to adopt the behavioral modifications required to get a good night's sleep. The findings highlight the importance of working with families to establish routine behaviors to improve responses to behavioral sleep interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"365-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11098045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140327284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Eating disorders among children and adolescents have increased in prevalence, and mortality rates for anorexia nervosa are among the highest for any psychiatric disorder. Our current study aimed to (a) examine the cross-sectional relationship between body composition and anxiety/depressive symptoms among 97 adolescents and young adults who have been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, (b) examine the longitudinal changes in body composition and anxiety/depressive symptoms over three months (from baseline to follow-up visit), and (c) examine the longitudinal relationship between change in body composition and change in anxiety/depression over three months.
Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted within an interdisciplinary eating disorder clinic between August 2019 and December 2021. In total, 97 adolescents aged 11-20 years old with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa were included in the analyses. Body composition data were collected at each visit along with parent- and youth-report measures of symptoms of anxiety/depression symptoms.
Results: Findings indicated adolescents demonstrated some improvement in body composition, as well as parent-reported reductions in anxiety/depression symptoms. Based on parent reports, increased BMI percentile was associated with improvements in anxiety/depression symptoms. On the other hand, youth did not report significant changes in anxiety/depressive symptoms. Additionally, there were no associated improvements with body composition measures, which may be associated with continued body dissatisfaction or symptoms of anxiety and depression predating the eating disorder.
Conclusions: These results suggest the importance of including interventions addressing depression, anxiety, and body image as part of treatment.
{"title":"Cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in body composition, anxiety, and depression in a clinical sample of adolescents with anorexia nervosa.","authors":"Alexis Dosal, Brenna Denhardt, Rebekah Diaz, Katrina Obleada, Marissa Feldman, Jasmine Reese, Sarah Sobalvarro","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Eating disorders among children and adolescents have increased in prevalence, and mortality rates for anorexia nervosa are among the highest for any psychiatric disorder. Our current study aimed to (a) examine the cross-sectional relationship between body composition and anxiety/depressive symptoms among 97 adolescents and young adults who have been diagnosed with anorexia nervosa, (b) examine the longitudinal changes in body composition and anxiety/depressive symptoms over three months (from baseline to follow-up visit), and (c) examine the longitudinal relationship between change in body composition and change in anxiety/depression over three months.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective chart review was conducted within an interdisciplinary eating disorder clinic between August 2019 and December 2021. In total, 97 adolescents aged 11-20 years old with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa were included in the analyses. Body composition data were collected at each visit along with parent- and youth-report measures of symptoms of anxiety/depression symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated adolescents demonstrated some improvement in body composition, as well as parent-reported reductions in anxiety/depression symptoms. Based on parent reports, increased BMI percentile was associated with improvements in anxiety/depression symptoms. On the other hand, youth did not report significant changes in anxiety/depressive symptoms. Additionally, there were no associated improvements with body composition measures, which may be associated with continued body dissatisfaction or symptoms of anxiety and depression predating the eating disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest the importance of including interventions addressing depression, anxiety, and body image as part of treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"340-347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140060843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zachary A Colton, Sophia M Liles, Megan M Griffith, Charis J Stanek, Joseph Walden, Allison King, Toyetta Barnard-Kirk, Susan Creary, Leena Nahata
Background As survival rates for individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) increase, calls have been made to improve their reproductive healthcare and outcomes. The research team created a web-based program entitled Fertility edUcaTion to Understand ReproductivE health in Sickle cell disease (FUTURES). The study aim was to use the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) during pre-implementation to identify challenges and opportunities from the individual to systems level of implementation to ultimately optimize the integration of FUTURES into clinical practice. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians, research team members, and adolescent and young adult (AYA) males with SCD and their caregivers who participated in pilot testing. Interviews (N = 31) were coded inductively and then mapped onto CFIR domains (i.e., outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and intervention characteristics). Results Research team interviews indicated the lack of universal guidelines for reproductive care in this population and gaps in reproductive health knowledge as key reasons for developing FUTURES, also highlighting the importance of collaboration with community members during development. Clinicians reported intraorganizational communication as essential to implementing FUTURES and discussed challenges in addressing reproductive health due to competing priorities. Clinicians, AYAs, and caregivers reported positive views of FUTURES regarding length, engagement, accessibility, and content. Suggestions for the best setting and timing for implementation varied. Conclusions Using CFIR during the pre-implementation phase highlighted challenges and opportunities regarding integrating this program into SCD care. These findings will inform adaptation and further testing of FUTURES to ensure effective implementation of this novel education program.
{"title":"Using the consolidated framework for implementation research to identify challenges and opportunities for implementing a reproductive health education program into sickle cell disease care","authors":"Zachary A Colton, Sophia M Liles, Megan M Griffith, Charis J Stanek, Joseph Walden, Allison King, Toyetta Barnard-Kirk, Susan Creary, Leena Nahata","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae031","url":null,"abstract":"Background As survival rates for individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) increase, calls have been made to improve their reproductive healthcare and outcomes. The research team created a web-based program entitled Fertility edUcaTion to Understand ReproductivE health in Sickle cell disease (FUTURES). The study aim was to use the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) during pre-implementation to identify challenges and opportunities from the individual to systems level of implementation to ultimately optimize the integration of FUTURES into clinical practice. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinicians, research team members, and adolescent and young adult (AYA) males with SCD and their caregivers who participated in pilot testing. Interviews (N = 31) were coded inductively and then mapped onto CFIR domains (i.e., outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and intervention characteristics). Results Research team interviews indicated the lack of universal guidelines for reproductive care in this population and gaps in reproductive health knowledge as key reasons for developing FUTURES, also highlighting the importance of collaboration with community members during development. Clinicians reported intraorganizational communication as essential to implementing FUTURES and discussed challenges in addressing reproductive health due to competing priorities. Clinicians, AYAs, and caregivers reported positive views of FUTURES regarding length, engagement, accessibility, and content. Suggestions for the best setting and timing for implementation varied. Conclusions Using CFIR during the pre-implementation phase highlighted challenges and opportunities regarding integrating this program into SCD care. These findings will inform adaptation and further testing of FUTURES to ensure effective implementation of this novel education program.","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140839214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sally Ho, Frances Cooke, Ashley Ramos, Elizabeth L McQuaid, Hemant Sharma, Linda Jones Herbert
Objective Anxiety is among the major psychological concerns for children living with food allergy (FA). Yet research exploring the variables driving anxiety symptoms in FA remains sparse, and most studies still utilize homogeneous samples to assess anxiety symptoms. The current study seeks to evaluate the rates of clinically significant anxiety symptoms among a diverse sample of youth with FA and examine whether a heightened risk perception of FA outcomes and FA burden (vs. FA medical history) is associated with anxiety in youth. Methods 94 youth ages 10–14 and their parents were recruited from FA clinics at a mid-Atlantic children’s hospital. Both youth and parents completed demographic and FA medical history questionnaires, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and the Food Allergy Independent Measure as part of a longitudinal study about FA adjustment and adherence. Results Over a third (37%) of youth scored above clinical cut-offs for overall anxiety symptoms. At least 25% of youth reported clinically significant scores on panic disorder, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, separation anxiety, and school avoidance subscales. Perception of risk of adverse FA outcomes and burden—but not FA medical history–were associated with total anxiety, generalized anxiety, panic disorder, and school avoidance symptoms, but not social anxiety and separation anxiety. Having more FAs was associated with higher social anxiety scores but not with other anxiety subscales. Conclusions Youth with FA might benefit from psychosocial interventions that address FA risk perception management and promote appropriate FA vigilance to cope with anxiety symptoms.
目标 焦虑是食物过敏（FA）患儿的主要心理问题之一。然而，有关食物过敏症焦虑症状变量的研究仍然很少，而且大多数研究仍然使用同质样本来评估焦虑症状。本研究旨在评估患有食物过敏症的不同青少年样本中具有临床意义的焦虑症状的发生率，并研究对食物过敏症结果和食物过敏症负担（与食物过敏症病史相比）的风险感知是否与青少年的焦虑有关。方法 从大西洋中部一家儿童医院的 FA 诊所招募了 94 名 10-14 岁的青少年及其父母。青少年和家长均填写了人口统计学和过敏病史问卷、儿童焦虑相关情绪障碍筛查表和食物过敏独立测量表，这是一项关于过敏适应和坚持治疗的纵向研究的一部分。结果 超过三分之一（37%）的青少年的总体焦虑症状得分高于临床临界值。至少有 25% 的青少年在恐慌症、广泛性焦虑、社交焦虑、分离焦虑和学校回避分量表上报告了具有临床意义的得分。对 FA 不良后果和负担的风险认知（而非 FA 病史）与总体焦虑、广泛性焦虑、惊恐障碍和学校回避症状有关，但与社交焦虑和分离焦虑无关。更多的 FA 与更高的社交焦虑得分有关，但与其他焦虑分量表无关。结论 对有焦虑症的青少年进行社会心理干预可能会使他们受益，这些干预措施可以解决焦虑症的风险认知管理问题，并提高他们对焦虑症的适当警惕，以应对焦虑症状。
{"title":"Anxiety among youth with food allergy","authors":"Sally Ho, Frances Cooke, Ashley Ramos, Elizabeth L McQuaid, Hemant Sharma, Linda Jones Herbert","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae026","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Anxiety is among the major psychological concerns for children living with food allergy (FA). Yet research exploring the variables driving anxiety symptoms in FA remains sparse, and most studies still utilize homogeneous samples to assess anxiety symptoms. The current study seeks to evaluate the rates of clinically significant anxiety symptoms among a diverse sample of youth with FA and examine whether a heightened risk perception of FA outcomes and FA burden (vs. FA medical history) is associated with anxiety in youth. Methods 94 youth ages 10–14 and their parents were recruited from FA clinics at a mid-Atlantic children’s hospital. Both youth and parents completed demographic and FA medical history questionnaires, the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and the Food Allergy Independent Measure as part of a longitudinal study about FA adjustment and adherence. Results Over a third (37%) of youth scored above clinical cut-offs for overall anxiety symptoms. At least 25% of youth reported clinically significant scores on panic disorder, generalized anxiety, social anxiety, separation anxiety, and school avoidance subscales. Perception of risk of adverse FA outcomes and burden—but not FA medical history–were associated with total anxiety, generalized anxiety, panic disorder, and school avoidance symptoms, but not social anxiety and separation anxiety. Having more FAs was associated with higher social anxiety scores but not with other anxiety subscales. Conclusions Youth with FA might benefit from psychosocial interventions that address FA risk perception management and promote appropriate FA vigilance to cope with anxiety symptoms.","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140839217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David C Schwebel, Anna Johnston, Dominique McDaniel, Joan Severson, Yefei He, Leslie A McClure
Objective To evaluate whether child pedestrian safety training in a smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) environment is not inferior to training in a large, semi-immersive VR environment with demonstrated effectiveness. Methods Five hundred 7- and 8-year-old children participated; 479 were randomized to one of two conditions: Learning to cross streets in a smartphone-based VR or learning in a semi-immersive kiosk VR. The systems used identical virtual environments and scenarios. At baseline, children’s pedestrian skills were assessed in both VR systems and through a vehicle approach estimation task (judging speed/distance of oncoming traffic on monitor). Training in both conditions comprised at least six 30-min sessions in the randomly assigned VR platform and continued for up to 25 visits until adult-level proficiency was obtained. Following training and again 6 months later, children completed pedestrian safety assessments identical to baseline. Three outcomes were considered from assessments in each VR platform: Unsafe crossings (collisions plus close calls), time to contact (shortest time between child and oncoming simulated traffic), and missed opportunities (unselected safe opportunities to cross). Results Participants achieved adult-level street-crossing skill through VR training. Training in a smartphone-based VR system was generally not inferior to training in a large semi-immersive VR system. There were no adverse effects. Conclusions Seven- and 8-year-old children can learn pedestrian safety through VR-based training, including training in a smartphone-based VR system. Combined with recent meta-analytic results, the present findings support broad implementation and dissemination of child pedestrian safety training through VR, including smartphone-based VR systems.
{"title":"Teaching children pedestrian safety in virtual reality via smartphone: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial","authors":"David C Schwebel, Anna Johnston, Dominique McDaniel, Joan Severson, Yefei He, Leslie A McClure","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae020","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To evaluate whether child pedestrian safety training in a smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) environment is not inferior to training in a large, semi-immersive VR environment with demonstrated effectiveness. Methods Five hundred 7- and 8-year-old children participated; 479 were randomized to one of two conditions: Learning to cross streets in a smartphone-based VR or learning in a semi-immersive kiosk VR. The systems used identical virtual environments and scenarios. At baseline, children’s pedestrian skills were assessed in both VR systems and through a vehicle approach estimation task (judging speed/distance of oncoming traffic on monitor). Training in both conditions comprised at least six 30-min sessions in the randomly assigned VR platform and continued for up to 25 visits until adult-level proficiency was obtained. Following training and again 6 months later, children completed pedestrian safety assessments identical to baseline. Three outcomes were considered from assessments in each VR platform: Unsafe crossings (collisions plus close calls), time to contact (shortest time between child and oncoming simulated traffic), and missed opportunities (unselected safe opportunities to cross). Results Participants achieved adult-level street-crossing skill through VR training. Training in a smartphone-based VR system was generally not inferior to training in a large semi-immersive VR system. There were no adverse effects. Conclusions Seven- and 8-year-old children can learn pedestrian safety through VR-based training, including training in a smartphone-based VR system. Combined with recent meta-analytic results, the present findings support broad implementation and dissemination of child pedestrian safety training through VR, including smartphone-based VR systems.","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bobby K Cheon, Meegan R Smith, Julia M P Bittner, Lucy K Loch, Hannah E Haynes, Bess F Bloomer, Jennifer A Te-Vazquez, Andrea I Bowling, Sheila M Brady, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Kong Y Chen, Jack A Yanovski
Objectives Low social standing and teasing are independently associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and overeating in children. However, children with low social status may be vulnerable to teasing. Methods We tested the statistical interaction of subjective social status (SSS) and subjective socioeconomic status (SSES) and teasing distress on BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) in children (Mage = 13.09 years, SD = 2.50 years; 27.8% overweight/obese). Multiple linear regressions identified the main effects of self-reported SSS (compared to peers in school), distress due to teasing, and their interaction on BMI (n = 115), FMI (n = 114), and child- (n = 100) and parent-reported (n = 97) EAH. Results Teasing distress was associated with greater BMI, FMI, and child-reported EAH due to negative affect (a subscale of EAH) and total EAH scores. There were no associations of SSS with these outcomes. However, there was an interaction between SSS and teasing distress for BMI, FMI, and EAH from negative affect such that lower SSS was associated with higher BMI, FMI, and EAH from negative affect in the presence of teasing distress. However, there were no main effects or interactions (with teasing distress) of SSES on the outcomes. Conclusions These findings suggest that the relationship between lower SSS and increased adiposity and overeating behaviors may be exacerbated by other threats to social standing, such as teasing. Children exposed to multiple social threats may be more susceptible to eating beyond physiological need and obesity than those who experience a single form of perceived social disadvantage.
{"title":"Lower subjective social status is associated with increased adiposity and self-reported eating in the absence of hunger due to negative affect among children reporting teasing distress","authors":"Bobby K Cheon, Meegan R Smith, Julia M P Bittner, Lucy K Loch, Hannah E Haynes, Bess F Bloomer, Jennifer A Te-Vazquez, Andrea I Bowling, Sheila M Brady, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Kong Y Chen, Jack A Yanovski","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae024","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Low social standing and teasing are independently associated with increased body mass index (BMI) and overeating in children. However, children with low social status may be vulnerable to teasing. Methods We tested the statistical interaction of subjective social status (SSS) and subjective socioeconomic status (SSES) and teasing distress on BMI, fat mass index (FMI), and eating in the absence of hunger (EAH) in children (Mage = 13.09 years, SD = 2.50 years; 27.8% overweight/obese). Multiple linear regressions identified the main effects of self-reported SSS (compared to peers in school), distress due to teasing, and their interaction on BMI (n = 115), FMI (n = 114), and child- (n = 100) and parent-reported (n = 97) EAH. Results Teasing distress was associated with greater BMI, FMI, and child-reported EAH due to negative affect (a subscale of EAH) and total EAH scores. There were no associations of SSS with these outcomes. However, there was an interaction between SSS and teasing distress for BMI, FMI, and EAH from negative affect such that lower SSS was associated with higher BMI, FMI, and EAH from negative affect in the presence of teasing distress. However, there were no main effects or interactions (with teasing distress) of SSES on the outcomes. Conclusions These findings suggest that the relationship between lower SSS and increased adiposity and overeating behaviors may be exacerbated by other threats to social standing, such as teasing. Children exposed to multiple social threats may be more susceptible to eating beyond physiological need and obesity than those who experience a single form of perceived social disadvantage.","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140628429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vinkrya Ellison, Kristoffer S Berlin, Jennifer Longoria, Brian Potter, Darcy Raches, Jane S Hankins, Clifford Takemoto, Andrew M Heitzer
Objective Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder associated with neurocognitive deficits. In contrast to variable-centered approaches, no known research has utilized person-centered strategies to identify multidimensional patterns of neurocognitive functioning of an individual with SCD. The purpose of the present study was to create empirically derived profiles and identify predictors of neurocognitive functioning subgroups among youth and young adults with SCD. Methods Individuals with SCD (N = 393, mean age 14.05 years, age range 8–24, 50.4% female/49.6% male) completed neurocognitive assessments. Latent profile analysis derived subgroups/classes of neurocognitive functioning and determined relations with demographic and medical variables. Results Three latent classes emerged: average functioning (n = 102, 27%), low average functioning (n = 225, 60%), and exceptionally low functioning (n = 46, 12%). Older age was associated with membership in the low average and exceptionally low functioning groups (relative to the average group). Being prescribed hydroxyurea was associated with membership in the average functioning group (relative to the low average group) and absence of hydroxyurea use was associated with membership in the exceptionally low group (relative to the low average group). Lower social vulnerability was associated with membership in the average functioning group compared to the low average and exceptionally low groups. Conclusions Clinicians can help reduce disparities in cognitive development for individuals with SCD by promoting early treatment with hydroxyurea and implementing methods to reduce social vulnerabilities that can interfere with access to evidence-based care.
{"title":"Empirically derived profiles of neurocognitive functioning in youth and young adults with sickle cell disease","authors":"Vinkrya Ellison, Kristoffer S Berlin, Jennifer Longoria, Brian Potter, Darcy Raches, Jane S Hankins, Clifford Takemoto, Andrew M Heitzer","doi":"10.1093/jpepsy/jsae029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsae029","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder associated with neurocognitive deficits. In contrast to variable-centered approaches, no known research has utilized person-centered strategies to identify multidimensional patterns of neurocognitive functioning of an individual with SCD. The purpose of the present study was to create empirically derived profiles and identify predictors of neurocognitive functioning subgroups among youth and young adults with SCD. Methods Individuals with SCD (N = 393, mean age 14.05 years, age range 8–24, 50.4% female/49.6% male) completed neurocognitive assessments. Latent profile analysis derived subgroups/classes of neurocognitive functioning and determined relations with demographic and medical variables. Results Three latent classes emerged: average functioning (n = 102, 27%), low average functioning (n = 225, 60%), and exceptionally low functioning (n = 46, 12%). Older age was associated with membership in the low average and exceptionally low functioning groups (relative to the average group). Being prescribed hydroxyurea was associated with membership in the average functioning group (relative to the low average group) and absence of hydroxyurea use was associated with membership in the exceptionally low group (relative to the low average group). Lower social vulnerability was associated with membership in the average functioning group compared to the low average and exceptionally low groups. Conclusions Clinicians can help reduce disparities in cognitive development for individuals with SCD by promoting early treatment with hydroxyurea and implementing methods to reduce social vulnerabilities that can interfere with access to evidence-based care.","PeriodicalId":48372,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140608709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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