Journal of Anxiety Disorders最新文献_第4页

Antisaccade performance in spider phobia and its association with multimodal correlates of fear 蜘蛛恐惧症的反眼跳表现及其与多模态相关恐惧的关系。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103078

Fabian Breuer , Anne Sophie Hildebrand , Johannes B. Finke , Leandra Bucher , Udo Dannlowski , Tim Klucken , Kati Roesmann , Elisabeth Johanna Leehr

Introduction

This study explored inhibitory control in spider phobic (SP) and healthy control (HC) individuals using an emotional antisaccade task. Attentional control theory (ACT) suggests anxiety related deficits in inhibitory control, yet studies on antisaccade performance in anxiety disordered patients are sparse. This study addressed this research gap and additionally aimed to explore putative associations of antisaccade performance with multimodal measures of fear of spiders.

Methods

A sample of 76 participants (41 SP, 35 HC) completed an antisaccade task, employing schematic pictures of spiders and flowers. We measured antisaccade latencies and error rates, respectively. In a free-viewing task, we obtained psychophysiological and subjective fear responses to pictures of spiders. Self-rated fear of spiders was assessed via questionnaires and avoidance behavior was assessed in a behavioral avoidance test.

Results

Contrary to ACT predictions, SP exhibited shorter antisaccade latencies irrespective of stimulus category, indexing more efficient inhibitory control, while showing no differences in antisaccade error rates when compared to HC. Consistent with prior findings, SP participants showed elevated psychophysiological responding, fear ratings and avoidance behavior. No significant associations emerged between inhibitory control performance and these measures of fear.

Discussion

Our findings suggest enhanced inhibitory control efficiency in SP compared to HC, contrasting impairments predicted by ACT and observed in subclinical anxiety. These findings may indicate a compensatory adaptation in anxiety disorders, enabling rapid attentional avoidance of threat. Our results also imply that inhibitory control may be differentially affected across various anxiety disorders, depending on their predisposition towards fear or anxiety, while also being independent from diverse measures of fear and anxiety.

摘要：本研究探讨了蜘蛛恐惧症（SP）和健康对照（HC）个体通过情绪反扫视任务的抑制控制。注意控制理论（ACT）提示焦虑相关的抑制控制缺陷，但对焦虑障碍患者的抗扫视表现的研究很少。本研究填补了这一研究空白，并进一步探讨了对蜘蛛恐惧的多模态测量与抗眼跳表现之间的推定关联。方法：76名被试（41名SP， 35名HC）使用蜘蛛和花的示意图完成反扫视任务。我们分别测量了反扫视延迟和错误率。在自由观看任务中，我们获得了对蜘蛛图片的心理生理和主观恐惧反应。对蜘蛛的自评恐惧通过问卷进行评估，回避行为通过行为回避测试进行评估。结果：与ACT预测相反，与刺激类别无关，SP表现出更短的抗眼跳潜伏期，表明更有效的抑制控制，而与HC相比，抗眼跳错误率没有差异。与先前的研究结果一致，SP参与者表现出较高的心理生理反应、恐惧等级和回避行为。抑制控制表现和这些恐惧测量之间没有明显的联系。讨论：我们的研究结果表明，与HC相比，SP的抑制控制效率更高，这与ACT预测的损伤和亚临床焦虑中观察到的损伤形成了对比。这些发现可能表明焦虑障碍的代偿性适应，使注意力快速避免威胁。我们的研究结果还表明，抑制性控制可能在不同的焦虑障碍中受到不同的影响，这取决于他们对恐惧或焦虑的倾向，同时也独立于不同的恐惧和焦虑的测量。

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引用次数: 0

Treating young adult generalized anxiety disorder with text-message delivered cognitive behavioral therapy: A randomized clinical trial testing efficacy and clinical mechanisms 用短信传递的认知行为疗法治疗青少年广泛性焦虑症：一项随机临床试验测试疗效和临床机制。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103089

Michael J. Mason , J. Douglas Coatsworth , Aaron Brown , Nikola Zaharakis , Michael Russell , Jeremy Mennis

Approximately one in five (19.5 %) young adults have experienced generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in the past year. Compared with other age groups, they are least likely to receive mental health treatment despite reporting greater need for these services. To address these issues, we conducted a randomized clinical trial with 102 young adults using an 8-week, automated text-message delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-txt-A) to treat GAD. We examined treatment engagement, tested treatment efficacy, and tested 3 clinical mechanisms of change. Participants were from 33 states, recruited from Instagram and Facebook who presented with at least moderate GAD symptomatology. Assessments occurred at baseline prior to randomization and at 1, 2, and 3 months after enrollment. The primary outcome, severity of GAD symptoms, was assessed using the GAD-7 measure. Behavioral activation, perseverative thinking, and cognitive distortions were hypothesized clinical mechanisms. Participants were randomized to CBT-txt-A or a waitlist control condition. Results indicated that participants in the CBT-txt-A group significantly reduced their GAD symptoms over time compared to the control condition, producing a large effect size (Cohen d = 0.83). One quarter of the treatment group moved into the high-end state functioning level, representing no or minimal GAD symptoms, compared to 5.5 % of the controls. Mediation analyses indicated that CBT-txt-A increased behavioral activation, and reduced perseverative thinking and cognitive distortion, at 2 months, which in turn, was then associated with reductions in GAD symptoms at 3 months. Results provide evidence for the efficacy of CBT-txt-A in reducing GAD symptoms through three hypothesized clinical mechanisms.

在过去的一年里，大约五分之一（19.5 %）的年轻人经历过广泛性焦虑症（GAD）。与其他年龄组相比，他们接受心理健康治疗的可能性最小，尽管他们报告对这些服务的需求更大。为了解决这些问题，我们对102名年轻人进行了一项随机临床试验，使用为期8周的自动短信传递认知行为疗法（CBT-txt-A）来治疗广泛性焦虑症。我们检查了治疗参与，测试了治疗效果，并测试了3种临床改变机制。参与者来自33个州，从Instagram和Facebook上招募，至少有中度广泛性焦虑症症状。评估在随机分组前的基线以及入组后的1、2和3个月进行。主要结局是GAD症状的严重程度，使用GAD-7量表进行评估。行为激活、持续性思维和认知扭曲是假设的临床机制。参与者被随机分配到CBT-txt-A或等待列表控制条件。结果表明，与对照组相比，CBT-txt-A组的参与者随着时间的推移显著减轻了他们的广泛性焦虑症症状，产生了很大的效应量（Cohen d = 0.83）。四分之一的治疗组进入高端状态功能水平，没有或只有轻微的广泛性焦虑症症状，而对照组为5.5% %。中介分析表明，CBT-txt-A在2个月时增加了行为激活，减少了持续性思维和认知扭曲，这反过来又与3个月时广泛性焦虑症症状的减轻有关。结果通过三种假设的临床机制为CBT-txt-A减轻GAD症状的有效性提供了证据。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the symptomatology and assessment of emetophobia: A comprehensive scoping review 探讨呕吐恐惧症的症状学和评估：一个全面的范围审查

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103076

Molly S. Harbor, Paul E. Jenkins, Kate Harvey

Emetophobia, the specific fear of vomiting, is a poorly understood anxiety disorder. Despite a growing body of research, comprehensive reviews on its presentation and assessment are limited and dated. This scoping review maps, synthesises and explores existing literature on the assessment measures and symptomatology of emetophobia. Its purpose is to inform future clinical practices by identifying reliable assessment instruments and facilitating more accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and research comparisons. Five online databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, PsycINFO, Google Scholar, PsyArXiy) were searched using terms related to emetophobia. In total, 483 unique articles were located of which 38 were eligible for inclusion (35 described symptomatology; 3 described assessment measures). Among studies exploring symptoms, 17 were single case studies, 11 were cross-sectional surveys and 7 were other designs (e.g., case series, retrospective studies). Findings indicate that emetophobia is a multifaceted condition consisting of physical, psychological and behavioural symptoms. Avoidance behaviours are the most frequently reported symptom, described in 91 % of included literature. There is little research exploring the differences in child and adult symptom presentation which may result in misdiagnosis if an adult-centric criteria is applied. Two self-report questionnaires have been created and their psychometric properties assessed but, given numerous studies relied on longer, unvalidated assessment measures, these two measures appear to need further development. This review establishes that emetophobia is a complex and debilitating condition impacting multiple domains of life. Its findings will inform future research into the development and evaluation of tailored interventions targeting the specific presentation of emetophobia.

呕吐恐惧症是一种对呕吐的特殊恐惧，是一种人们知之甚少的焦虑症。尽管有越来越多的研究，但对其表现和评估的全面审查是有限和过时的。这范围审查地图，综合和探索现有的文献评估措施和吐痰恐惧症的症状。其目的是通过确定可靠的评估工具，促进更准确的诊断、治疗计划和研究比较，为未来的临床实践提供信息。五个在线数据库（PubMed， SCOPUS, PsycINFO，谷歌Scholar， PsyArXiy）使用与呕吐恐惧症相关的术语进行了搜索。总共找到了483篇独特的文章，其中38篇符合纳入条件（35篇描述了症状，3篇描述了评估措施）。在探讨症状的研究中，17项为单一病例研究，11项为横断面调查，7项为其他设计（如病例系列、回顾性研究）。研究结果表明，恐吐症是一种多方面的疾病，包括身体、心理和行为症状。回避行为是最常见的报告症状，在91 %的纳入文献中有描述。很少有研究探讨儿童和成人症状表现的差异，如果采用以成人为中心的标准，可能会导致误诊。已经创建了两份自我报告问卷，并对其心理测量特性进行了评估，但鉴于许多研究依赖于更长时间、未经验证的评估措施，这两项措施似乎需要进一步发展。这篇综述表明，恐吐症是一种复杂的、使人衰弱的疾病，影响着生活的多个领域。它的发现将为未来的研究提供信息，以开发和评估针对恐吐症具体表现的量身定制的干预措施。

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引用次数: 0

Physical activity moderates the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and approach-avoidance conflict decision-making 体育活动调节PTSD症状严重程度与方法回避冲突决策之间的关系

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103075

Kevin M. Crombie , Motoki Sato , Samantha A. Chatham , John Leri , Mark T. Richardson , Josh M. Cisler

Avoidance of potentially dangerous contexts is beneficial for survival (i.e., adaptive avoidance), but the generalization of avoidance behavior to other generally safe contexts (i.e., maladaptive avoidance) can lead to detrimental mental health consequences, including diminished potential for reward. Decisions around pursuing reward in the presence of threat or avoiding threat at the cost of obtaining greater reward presents an approach-avoidance conflict (AAC). Although AAC is expected to be biased among trauma-exposed adults, especially those with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), there have only been two prior behavioral investigations of AAC among adults with PTSD or experiencing PTSD symptoms. While greater levels of physical activity (PA) contribute to enhanced cognitive performance during reward-based decision-making tasks, it remains unknown whether greater PA also offers a protective effect or rather dampens the potential for greater AAC and sacrifice of reward in the presence of threat. The current study administered a trauma-related AAC behavioral task to trauma-exposed adults with varying PTSD symptom severity (N = 93), to examine potential interactive relationships between PTSD symptom severity, PA, and AAC decision-making under threat. The task involved a total of 150 trials and was divided into two phases: congruent (the option with the highest probability of a positive point outcome was also the option that was least likely to result in the presentation of a trauma-related image), and conflict (the option with the highest probability of a positive point outcome was also the option that was most likely to result in the presentation of a threat-related image). Results from linear mixed effects models revealed that PA moderated the relationship between PTSD symptom severity and AAC, as we observed a positive relationship between PTSD symptom severity and AAC for lower PA volume (i.e., greater conflict), and a more negative relationship between PTSD symptom severity and AAC as PA volume increased (i.e., less conflict). These results suggest that greater PA may promote a greater propensity to engage in goal-directed behavior and seek reward in the presence of threat in those with greater PTSD symptom severity.

对潜在危险环境的回避有利于生存（即适应性回避），但将回避行为推广到其他一般安全环境（即适应性不良回避）可能导致有害的心理健康后果，包括减少获得奖励的可能性。在存在威胁的情况下追求奖励或以获得更大奖励为代价来避免威胁的决定呈现出一种方法回避冲突（AAC）。尽管AAC在创伤暴露的成年人，特别是创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）患者中存在偏见，但在此之前，只有两项针对创伤后应激障碍或经历创伤后应激障碍症状的成年人的AAC行为调查。虽然在基于奖励的决策任务中，更高水平的身体活动（PA）有助于提高认知表现，但更大的PA是否也提供了保护作用，或者更确切地说，是抑制了在威胁存在时更大的AAC和牺牲奖励的潜力，这一点尚不清楚。本研究对创伤暴露的不同PTSD症状严重程度的成人（N = 93）进行创伤相关的AAC行为任务，以检查PTSD症状严重程度、PA和威胁下AAC决策之间的潜在交互关系。这项任务共涉及150次试验，分为两个阶段：一致性（最有可能得到正面结果的选项也是最不可能导致出现创伤相关图像的选项）和冲突（最有可能得到正面结果的选项也是最有可能导致出现威胁相关图像的选项）。线性混合效应模型的结果显示，PA调节了PTSD症状严重程度与AAC之间的关系，因为我们观察到，当PA容量越小（即冲突越大）时，PTSD症状严重程度与AAC之间呈正相关，而当PA容量越大（即冲突越少）时，PTSD症状严重程度与AAC之间呈负相关。这些结果表明，在PTSD症状严重程度较高的患者中，更大的PA可能会促进更大的倾向于从事目标导向的行为，并在存在威胁的情况下寻求奖励。

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引用次数: 0

On the non-inferiority of metacognitive therapy for OCD: Clarifying the methodology and rationale 论强迫症元认知治疗的非劣效性：澄清方法论和基本原理

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103094

Cornelia Exner , Alexandra Kleiman , Anke Haberkamp , Jana Hansmeier , Christopher Milde , Julia Anna Glombiewski

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, correlates, and treatment gap of generalized anxiety disorder among adults in Bangladesh: Results from a nationally representative survey 孟加拉国成年人广泛性焦虑障碍的患病率、相关因素和治疗差距：来自全国代表性调查的结果

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103077

Ahsan Aziz Sarkar , Md Faruq Alam , Helal Uddin Ahmed , Mohammad Tariqul Alam , Niaz Mohammad Khan

This study presents nationally representative findings on the epidemiology of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) among Bangladeshi adults, based on data from a nationwide household survey. Participants were initially screened using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ), and those screening positive underwent face-to-face clinical interviews by trained psychiatrists. Diagnoses were established using DSM-5 criteria. A total of 7270 adults completed all measures used in this survey. The weighted lifetime prevalence of GAD was 3.5 % (95 % CI: 2.9–4.2), with higher rates observed among women (4.2 %) and rural residents (3.7 %) compared to men (2.7 %) and urban residents (2.8 %). Significant correlates included female sex (OR = 1.62, p = 0.012), lower educational attainment (OR = 2.42–3.49, p < 0.05), and a family history of mental illness (OR = 2.56, p = 0.004). Despite the substantial burden, the treatment gap remained alarmingly high, with only 3.9 % of individuals with GAD seeking professional help. Individuals with a family history of mental illness were significantly more likely to seek treatment (OR = 8.32, p < 0.001) for GAD, while no significant associations were found with other sociodemographic factors. These findings highlight the need for community-based awareness programs, the integration of mental health services into primary care, a focus on high-risk groups, and the strengthening of the mental health workforce to address the substantial burden of GAD and reduce the pervasive treatment gap in Bangladesh.

本研究基于一项全国家庭调查的数据，提出了孟加拉国成年人中广泛性焦虑症（GAD）流行病学的全国代表性研究结果。参与者最初使用自我报告问卷（SRQ）进行筛选，筛选阳性的参与者由训练有素的精神科医生进行面对面的临床访谈。诊断采用DSM-5标准。共有7270名成年人完成了本次调查中使用的所有措施。加权终生GAD患病率为3.5 %(95 % CI: 2.9-4.2)，与男性（2.7 %）和城市居民（2.8 %）相比，女性（4.2 %）和农村居民（3.7 %）的患病率更高。显著相关因素包括女性（OR = 1.62, p = 0.012）、较低的受教育程度(OR = 2.42-3.49, p

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引用次数: 0

Measurement invariance of the Straightforwardly-Worded Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Associations with life satisfaction among emerging adults attending University in 10 countries 10个国家大学新生社会交往焦虑量表的测量不变性及其与生活满意度的关系。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103092

Stefania Sette , Robert J. Coplan , Laura L. Ooi , Antonio Zuffianò , Bowen Xiao , Quincy J.J. Wong , Ronald M. Rapee , Wonjung Oh , Junsheng Liu , Yunhee Kim , Hyoun K. Kim , Shanmukh Kamble , Carolina Greco , Aysun Dogan , Karen Noel Castillo , Nora Braathu , Evalill Bølstad , Sevgi Bayram-Ozdemir , Julie C. Bowker

The aim of the present study was to assess the measurement invariance of the long version of the straightforwardly-worded Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (S-SIAS) across 10 countries and explore links with life satisfaction in a large sample of emerging adults attending university. Participants were N = 4284 university students (M_age = 19.89 years, SD = 1.83; 65 % females) from 10 countries (i.e., Argentina, Australia, Canada, China, India, Italy, South Korea, Norway, Turkey, and the United States), who completed self-report assessments of social anxiety and life satisfaction. Findings from a multiple-group factor analysis alignment method indicated approximate measurement invariance for the S-SIAS across the 10 country sites. University students from Norway reported the highest mean level of social anxiety of all groups, whereas participants from Argentina reported the lowest social anxiety. Results from multigroup regression analysis indicated that social anxiety was negatively associated with life satisfaction in all samples (except for Argentina and Australia, where the life satisfaction measure was not collected), but the strength of the association was stronger in Norway compared to samples from other countries. Results are discussed in terms of the meaning and implication of social anxiety across cultures.

本研究的目的是评估10个国家的社会互动焦虑量表（S-SIAS）的测量不变性，并在一个大样本的初入大学的成年人中探索与生活满意度的联系。参与者为来自10个国家（阿根廷、澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、印度、意大利、韩国、挪威、土耳其和美国）的4284名大学生（年龄= 19.89岁，SD = 1.83； 65% %为女性），他们完成了社交焦虑和生活满意度的自我报告评估。多组因素分析对齐方法的结果表明，S-SIAS在10个国家站点的测量近似不变性。挪威大学生的社交焦虑平均水平在所有群体中最高，而阿根廷大学生的社交焦虑平均水平最低。多组回归分析的结果表明，在所有样本中，社交焦虑与生活满意度呈负相关（除了阿根廷和澳大利亚，这两个国家没有收集生活满意度测量），但与其他国家的样本相比，挪威的关联强度更强。研究结果讨论了跨文化社交焦虑的意义和含义。

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引用次数: 0

Tailored strategies to increase the use of an evidence-based psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A stepped-wedge randomized trial in military clinics 量身定制的策略以增加创伤后应激障碍循证心理治疗的使用：军队诊所的阶梯形随机试验。

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103080

Craig S. Rosen , Alan L. Peterson , David S. Riggs , Christopher K. Haddock , Chunki Fong , Stacey Young-McCaughan , Jeffrey Cook , Katherine Anne Comtois , Elisa V. Borah , C. Adrian Davis , Katherine A. Dondanville , Erin P. Finley , Sara A. Jahnke , Melissa Mistretta , Andrea Neitzer , Shannon Wiltsey-Stirman , Erin R. Frick , Olivia Hayes , Spencer Clayton , Allison M. Conforte , Carmen P. McLean

Clinician training is often not sufficient to increase the adoption of evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs). To address organizational barriers that may limit use of EBPs, a tailored implementation strategy—Targeted Assessment and Context-Tailored Implementation of Change Strategies (TACTICS)—was developed. TACTICS involved external facilitation (appointing a local implementation team and external coach, conducting need assessment interviews, creating site-specific implementation plans, and weekly coaching for the site champion) augmented with a planning rubric and resources for making operational changes. The effect of adding TACTICS after clinician training was evaluated in a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge trial across eight military treatment facilities. Psychotherapists (n = 212) received training in prolonged exposure (PE) therapy. TACTICS was subsequently introduced with timing randomized by site. PE utilization was measured via natural language processing of notes from 26,429 psychotherapy encounters across 3459 patients. After accounting for time effects, TACTICS increased PE use compared to training alone (OR = 1.05–2.21, p < .03). Nonetheless, overall use of PE declined over time (OR = 0.067–0.316, p < .001). In post-hoc analyses, declining use of PE over time was strongly associated with a decreasing supply of psychotherapy appointments per patient (r = .98). These findings suggest that local implementation support improves EBP adoption beyond training alone. However, lasting use may require broader system supports such as adequate staffing and policies that encourage use of EBPs.

临床医生的培训往往不足以增加循证心理疗法（ebp）的采用。为了解决可能限制ebp使用的组织障碍，开发了一种定制的实施策略-目标评估和情境定制的变革策略实施（TACTICS）。战术涉及外部促进（任命一个本地实施团队和外部教练，进行需求评估访谈，创建特定于站点的实施计划，以及每周对站点冠军进行指导），并增加了用于进行操作更改的计划大纲和资源。临床医生培训后加入TACTICS的效果在8个军事治疗设施的随机步进楔形试验中进行评估。心理治疗师（n = 212）接受了延长暴露（PE）治疗的培训。随后引入了战术，时间按地点随机化。通过对3459名患者的26429次心理治疗记录进行自然语言处理，测量了PE的使用情况。考虑到时间效应后，与单纯训练相比，战术训练增加了体育锻炼的使用(OR = 1.05-2.21, p

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引用次数: 0

Psychometric evaluation of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 in daily surveys: An item response theory and longitudinal measurement invariance analysis DSM-5创伤后应激障碍日常问卷的心理测量评估：项目反应理论和纵向测量不变性分析

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103079

Brett A. Messman , Siyuan Wang , Prathiba Batley , Nicole H. Weiss , Jennifer A. Newberry , Ateka A. Contractor

The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for the DSM-5 (PCL-5) has demonstrated excellent psychometric qualities across cross-sectional studies, yet the scale’s performance in intensive longitudinal studies is less known. Using data from the PCL-5 administered daily for 9 days, we (a) conducted item analysis of the PCL-5 using the graded response model to examine item characteristics (thresholds and discrimination parameters) and (b) examined differential item functioning (DIF) to evaluate whether the PCL-5 measured the PTSD latent trait identically across daily surveys (i.e., longitudinal measurement invariance). Methodologically, 256 trauma-exposed university students (Mage = 21.01 ± 4.24; 85.8 % women; 41.0 % probable PTSD) completed the 20-item PCL-5 for 9 consecutive days. Across days, results indicated lower but acceptable discrimination for PCL-5 items 8 (traumatic amnesia), 16 (reckless or self-destructive behaviors), and 17 (hypervigilance). Further, 14 % of participants exhibited person misfit at least once across the 9 days. DIF analysis indicated that Item 2 (nightmares) exhibited DIF across days indicating potential bias; however, the effect sizes for DIF were negligible. In conclusion, the results broadly provide psychometric support for using the 20-item PCL-5 in intensive longitudinal studies. Future replication of study results across diverse and clinical populations could help to further strengthen these findings.

DSM-5 （PCL-5）中的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）检查表在横断面研究中显示了出色的心理测量质量，但在密集的纵向研究中，该量表的表现却鲜为人知。使用连续9天每天给药的PCL-5的数据，我们(a)使用分级反应模型对PCL-5进行项目分析，以检查项目特征（阈值和区分参数）；(b)检查差异项目功能（DIF），以评估PCL-5在每天的调查中是否测量了相同的PTSD潜在特征（即纵向测量不变性）。方法：256名创伤暴露大学生（Mage = 21.01 ± 4.24；女性85.8% %；41.0% %可能有PTSD）连续9天完成20项PCL-5。结果显示，PCL-5项目8（创伤性遗忘）、16（鲁莽或自毁行为）和17（过度警惕）的歧视程度较低，但可以接受。此外，14 %的参与者在9天内至少有一次表现出不适应。DIF分析表明，项目2（噩梦）在几天内表现出DIF，表明潜在的偏见；然而，DIF的效应量可以忽略不计。综上所述，本研究结果为在密集的纵向研究中使用20项PCL-5提供了广泛的心理测量学支持。未来在不同的临床人群中重复研究结果可能有助于进一步加强这些发现。

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引用次数: 0

Cross-cultural network structures of social anxiety, body dysmorphic, and major depressive disorder symptoms in individualistic vs. collectivistic societies: A comparison between American, German, and Japanese populations 个人主义与集体主义社会中社交焦虑、身体畸形和重度抑郁障碍症状的跨文化网络结构：美国、德国和日本人群的比较

IF 4.5 2区医学 Q1 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2025.103090

Shota Noda , Chantal Kasch , Cameron E. Lindsay , Stefan G. Hofmann

Social anxiety disorder (SAD), body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) are highly comorbid, which may be influenced by cultural variables associated with individualism vs. collectivism with particular emphasis on shame. This study investigated the network structures comprising symptoms of SAD, BDD, MDD, and shame across three countries typically associated with either a high tendency of collectivism (Japan), a high tendency of individualism (USA), or in between (Germany). Participants included 319 Japanese, 440 US Americans, and 308 Germans from the general populations of their respective countries, who completed questionnaires assessing the aforementioned symptoms as well as individualistic and collectivistic tendencies. Psychometric network analyses were conducted using Gaussian Graphical Models to separately examine the network structures of (a) individualistic and collectivistic tendencies and (b) symptoms of SAD, BDD, MDD, and shame. A Network Comparison Test (NCT) was used to assess the overall consistency of these networks across countries. The NCT revealed significant cross-cultural differences in the network structures of individualistic and collectivistic tendencies across countries, as well as in the networks of symptoms of SAD, BDD, MDD, and shame between Japan and Germany and between Japan and the USA. Although certain central symptoms were shared across all countries, others differed. These findings underscore the coexistence of cultural homogeneity and heterogeneity in the manifestation and organization of SAD, BDD, and MDD symptoms, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive, targeted interventions.

社交焦虑障碍（SAD）、身体畸形障碍（BDD）和重度抑郁症（MDD）是高度共病的，这可能受到个人主义与集体主义（尤其强调羞耻）相关的文化变量的影响。本研究调查了三个国家的SAD、BDD、MDD和羞耻感症状的网络结构，这些症状通常与高度集体主义倾向（日本）、高度个人主义倾向（美国）或介于两者之间（德国）有关。参与者包括来自各自国家的319名日本人、440名美国人和308名德国人，他们完成了评估上述症状以及个人主义和集体主义倾向的问卷调查。使用高斯图形模型进行心理测量网络分析，分别检查(a)个人主义和集体主义倾向以及(b) SAD、BDD、MDD和羞耻症状的网络结构。使用网络比较测试（NCT）来评估这些网络在各国的总体一致性。NCT显示，在个人主义和集体主义倾向的网络结构上，以及在SAD、BDD、MDD和羞耻感的症状网络上，日本和德国以及日本和美国之间存在显著的跨文化差异。虽然某些核心症状在所有国家都有，但其他症状则有所不同。这些发现强调了在SAD、BDD和MDD症状的表现和组织中，文化同质性和异质性共存，强调了文化敏感、有针对性的干预措施的重要性。

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