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Surprise, surprise: The dual impact of double discounting on consumer preferences 惊喜,惊喜:双重折扣对消费者偏好的双重影响
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.06.003
David M. Hardesty , Jonathan Hasford , Adam Farmer , Blair Kidwell
Retailers use price discounts to stimulate sales and impact long-term profitability. While most offer a single discount, retailers occasionally use double discounting, whereby they stack a second discount on top of an already discounted item (e.g., 20 % off plus an additional 25 % off). While double discounting is relatively rare, we demonstrate when and why it is effective. Double discounting is shown to outperform single discounts even when the double discount offered is objectively smaller, and even for low discount percentages. It also outperforms single discounts for consumers who are better able to perceive emotions. Moreover, it results in spillover effects on other non-promoted products. While previous research has indicated that consumers take a cognitive computational approach when offered double discounts by either computing the number of gains, adding the percentage of the two discounts, or assessing the relative magnitude of the two discounts offered, we develop an expanded conceptual model which considers the role that consumer emotional responses play. We find that consumers who make the computational error of adding the two percentages and those who do not both prefer double discounts. Consumers experience feelings of surprise associated with double discounting and this emotional response impacts evaluations beyond computational errors made by consumers, need for cognition, and luck. Thus, we offer a dual process explanation of affect and cognition to explain when and why double discounting is effective. In addition to these theoretical contributions, we also highlight practical managerial recommendations for the implementation of double discounts.
零售商使用价格折扣来刺激销售和影响长期盈利能力。虽然大多数商家只提供一次折扣,但零售商偶尔也会使用双重折扣,即在已经打折的商品上再加上第二次折扣(例如,8折再加25折)。虽然双重折扣是相对罕见的,我们证明何时和为什么它是有效的。即使在客观上提供的双重折扣较小,甚至折扣百分比较低的情况下,双重折扣也显示出优于单一折扣的效果。对于那些能够更好地感知情绪的消费者来说,它的表现也优于单次折扣。此外,它还会对其他非推广产品产生溢出效应。虽然先前的研究表明,消费者在获得双重折扣时采取认知计算方法,通过计算收益数量,增加两个折扣的百分比,或评估提供的两个折扣的相对幅度,我们开发了一个扩展的概念模型,考虑了消费者情绪反应所起的作用。我们发现,把两个百分比加在一起计算错误的消费者和没有加在一起计算错误的消费者都喜欢双倍折扣。消费者体验到与双重折扣相关的惊喜感,这种情绪反应影响了消费者的计算错误、认知需求和运气之外的评估。因此,我们提供了情感和认知的双重过程解释,以解释何时以及为什么双重折扣是有效的。除了这些理论贡献外,我们还强调了实施双重折扣的实际管理建议。
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引用次数: 0
Subtle glamour as an affective force in a non-exclusive retail brandscape 在非独家零售品牌中,微妙的魅力是一种情感力量
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.05.005
Lorna Stevens , Pauline Maclaran , Marleen van ’t Riet
How can a mainstream, high-street retail brand offer an aspirational and elevated shopping experience whilst still maintaining reasonable price perceptions? In this study we suggest that a subtle glamour aesthetic is an effective way to provide this experience. We draw on a qualitative, multi-method, ethnographic study of a UK lifestyle brand, The White Company, a brand that offers affordable luxury to its customers. Our study reveals the presence of a subtle glamour aesthetic within the retail brandscape, which operates as an affective force to elevate and enhance the brand. Its utilisation enables the brand to distinguish itself from competitors, whilst still offering affordability to its middle-class market. We show that glamour is used with moderation by the brand, as too much glamour would be at odds with its positioning in the marketplace and customer expectations. However, the discreet presence of subtle glamour enables the brand to elevate its products and enchant its customers. Three key branding outcomes of staging subtle glamour are identified, which we describe as: 1) staging the fascinating effect; 2) staging the promise of transformation and escape; and 3) staging the concealment of effort. We explore each of these in relation to material and discursive aspects, and importantly, how customers experience each of these staging practices. We conclude by offering suggestions for other high-street retailers on how a subtle glamour aesthetic can be used to provide customers with an enchanting and elevated shopping experience.
一个主流的高街零售品牌如何在保持合理价格的同时,提供令人向往的高端购物体验?在这项研究中,我们认为微妙的魅力美学是提供这种体验的有效方式。我们对英国生活方式品牌White Company进行了定性、多方法、人种学研究,该品牌为客户提供负担得起的奢侈品。我们的研究揭示了零售品牌景观中存在一种微妙的魅力美学,它作为一种情感力量来提升和提升品牌。它的使用使品牌与竞争对手区分开来,同时仍然为中产阶级市场提供负担得起的价格。我们表明,品牌适度地使用魅力,因为太多的魅力将与它在市场中的定位和客户的期望不一致。然而,微妙魅力的谨慎存在使品牌提升了其产品并迷住了客户。通过对微妙魅力的展示,我们发现了三个关键的品牌效果,我们将其描述为:1)展现迷人效果;2)上演转型与逃离的承诺;3)布置隐蔽的努力。我们从材料和话语方面探讨了每一个方面,重要的是,客户如何体验这些分期实践。最后,我们为其他高街零售商提供了如何利用微妙的魅力美学为顾客提供迷人和提升的购物体验的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Resolving paradoxical tensions during business model innovation for sustainability in retailing: The role of the ecosystem 解决零售业可持续性商业模式创新过程中矛盾的紧张关系:生态系统的作用
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.06.001
G. Do Vale , Isabelle Collin-Lachaud , Xavier Lecocq
The vast and pressing environmental and societal challenges, as well as the difficulty of the path to sustainability, are substantially challenging retailers’ business models (BM hereafter). Researchers have yet to answer how retailers cope with different kinds of tensions in their process of BM innovation for sustainability. Drawing on a longitudinal, seven-year, inductive, multiple case study of three European retailers that decided explicitly to move toward sustainability, this research highlights different tensions that confront retailers in this process and the decisions they take to resolve them. Three stages are identified as necessary to implement a BM for sustainability in retailing.
In a first stage, patching sustainability initiatives onto traditional BM creates tensions, only some of which can be resolved by middle managers in their day-to-day activities. Others persist and represent paradoxical tensions. In a second stage, formal engagement by owners and senior to change the core of traditional BM can resolve paradoxes, by allowing for strategic actions at the ecosystem level. In the third stage, ecosystem-level actions involve renewing relationships with traditional stakeholders and initiating new relationships with new ones to implement the BM for sustainability. Moreover, a specific feature of BM innovation for sustainability in retailing is that stores can take major roles in the ecosystem, functioning as local hubs for circularity.
巨大而紧迫的环境和社会挑战,以及可持续发展道路上的困难,极大地挑战了零售商的商业模式。研究人员还没有回答零售商如何在可持续发展的BM创新过程中应对不同类型的紧张关系。通过对三家明确决定走向可持续发展的欧洲零售商进行纵向、七年、归纳、多案例研究,本研究突出了零售商在这一过程中面临的不同紧张局势,以及他们为解决这些紧张局势所采取的决定。三个阶段被确定为必要的实施可持续发展的BM在零售业。在第一阶段,将可持续发展计划与传统的BM相结合会产生紧张关系,其中只有一部分可以由中层管理人员在日常活动中解决。另一些则坚持并表现出矛盾的紧张关系。在第二阶段,业主和高层正式参与改变传统BM的核心,通过允许在生态系统层面采取战略行动,可以解决矛盾。在第三阶段,生态系统层面的行动包括更新与传统利益相关者的关系,并启动与新利益相关者的新关系,以实施可持续发展的BM。此外,BM创新对零售业可持续性的一个具体特征是,商店可以在生态系统中发挥重要作用,充当循环的本地中心。
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引用次数: 0
Presenting a typology of virtual reality (VR) in retailing: A construal level theory and heuristic-systematic model perspective 零售业中虚拟现实(VR)的类型学:解释层次理论和启发式系统模型视角
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.06.005
Seth Ketron , Kirsten Cowan
Virtual reality (VR) holds significant potential in retailing, yet retailers often lack clear guidance on creating VR experiences that enhance consumer responses. This work aims to address this gap by, first starting with a systematic literature review. Based on discrepant findings, we categorize VR experiences into distinct types based on how they influence information processing, the value they deliver, and their impact on consumer responses. Subsequently, we present a typology of VR retail experiences based on two dimensions: the purpose of the VR experience (attribute- vs. benefit-focused) and the duration of its availability (short- vs. long-term). This approach delineates four main types of VR experiences: transactional, informational, leveraging, and deepening. Using construal level theory and the heuristic-systematic model, we supplement the typology with a theoretical framework and thirteen propositions. We theorize how each experience type influences the way shoppers think and make decisions, from rapid, intuitive processing to more deliberate, thoughtful consideration. The framework considers additional factors such VR system immersivity, the decision-making stage, decision complexity, and product knowledge. After putting forth a future research agenda, the paper offers practical implications for retailers to leverage VR effectively, enhancing consumer engagement and business outcomes.
虚拟现实(VR)在零售业具有巨大的潜力,但零售商往往缺乏明确的指导,如何创造增强消费者反应的VR体验。这项工作旨在解决这一差距,首先从系统的文献综述开始。基于不同的发现,我们根据虚拟现实体验对信息处理的影响、提供的价值以及对消费者反应的影响,将其分为不同的类型。随后,我们基于两个维度提出了VR零售体验的类型学:VR体验的目的(以属性为中心vs以利益为中心)和其可用性的持续时间(短期vs长期)。这种方法描述了四种主要类型的VR体验:交易型、信息型、杠杆型和深化型。运用解释水平理论和启发式系统模型,我们用一个理论框架和13个命题来补充类型学。我们将每种体验类型如何影响购物者思考和决策的方式理论化,从快速、直观的处理到更深思熟虑、深思熟虑的考虑。该框架考虑了其他因素,如VR系统的沉浸感、决策阶段、决策复杂性和产品知识。在提出未来的研究议程后,本文为零售商有效利用VR,提高消费者参与度和商业成果提供了实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing fast fashion overstock through time-to-peak-sales 通过销售高峰评估快时尚库存过剩
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.05.001
Yufei Zhang , Joyce (Feng) Wang , Chen Lin , G. Tomas M. Hult
Product overstock is widely recognized as a principal contributor to diminished profitability and adverse environmental impacts in the fast fashion industry. While considerable attention has been directed toward optimizing the stock-in process, including the adoption of on-demand manufacturing and inventory optimization strategies, solutions for preventing overstock during the stock-out process have largely relied on end-of-season clearance. This reactive approach frequently yields suboptimal outcomes, thereby underscoring the urgent need for a proactive strategy that empowers managers to implement timely, strategic interventions to mitigate overstock problems. This study introduces time-to-peak-sales as an early warning system for the fast fashion industry, offering a viable method for the early detection of product overstock and establishing criteria for prioritizing unsold inventory that demands immediate managerial attention. Drawing on the product life cycle framework and the distinctive practices inherent in fast fashion, we define time-to-peak sales as the number of weeks required for a product to reach its peak sales, positing that it is positively associated with product overstock. Utilizing data from multiple brands across two distinct datasets, we conduct a comprehensive exploration of fast fashion overstock through comparative analyses, model-free descriptive statistics, and regression analyses. Our findings consistently underscore that time-to-peak-sales is a pivotal metric in inventory management, firmly anchored within the product life cycle framework.
产品库存过剩被广泛认为是快时尚行业盈利能力下降和对环境造成不利影响的主要原因。虽然相当多的注意力都集中在优化库存过程上,包括采用按需制造和库存优化策略,但在缺货过程中防止库存过剩的解决方案在很大程度上依赖于季末清仓。这种被动的方法经常产生次优的结果,因此强调迫切需要一个积极主动的战略,使管理人员能够及时实施战略干预,以减轻库存过剩问题。本研究引入了销售高峰时间作为快速时尚行业的预警系统,为产品库存的早期检测提供了一种可行的方法,并建立了需要立即引起管理注意的未售出库存的优先级标准。根据产品生命周期框架和快时尚固有的独特实践,我们将销售高峰时间定义为产品达到销售高峰所需的周数,假设它与产品库存过剩呈正相关。利用来自两个不同数据集的多个品牌的数据,我们通过比较分析、无模型描述性统计和回归分析对快时尚库存进行了全面的探索。我们的研究结果一致强调,销售达到峰值的时间是库存管理的关键指标,牢固地固定在产品生命周期框架内。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial from branding to dupes: the new copyconomy 从品牌化到山寨:新山寨经济
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.08.008
Katrijn Gielens
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引用次数: 0
FM ii: Copyright/ ID Statement FM ii:版权/ ID声明
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/S0022-4359(25)00084-3
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引用次数: 0
Promoting product returns? The impact of at-purchase and post-purchase discounts on customers’ return behavior 促进产品退货?购时和购后折扣对顾客退货行为的影响
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.05.003
Maarten J. Gijsenberg , Tammo H.A. Bijmolt , Christian F. Hirche
Online retailers dynamically adjust product prices, potentially influencing both purchase and return behavior of customers. In particular, price discounts may affect returns not only for purchases made during the discount period (at-purchase discounts) but also for purchases made beforehand if a lower price is observed within the return window (post-purchase discounts). This study examines the impact of both discount types on product returns, using transaction data from a major European generalist online retailer comprising nearly 84 million purchases and over 37 million returns across >300 product categories. Results indicate that at-purchase discounts are associated with a linear decline in return rates, whereas post-purchase discounts above 25 % increase return rates in a non-linear fashion. On average, the adverse effects of post-purchase discounts outweigh the favorable effects of at-purchase discounts for discounts exceeding 40 % (20 %) among customers without (with) discount-driven return experience. These effects vary considerably across product categories, depending on shopping motives, category characteristics, and marketing mix. In the end, retailers should recognize that deep discounts may inadvertently promote product returns.
在线零售商动态调整产品价格,潜在地影响顾客的购买和退货行为。特别是,价格折扣不仅会影响在折扣期间购买的商品的退货(购买时折扣),而且还会影响在退货窗口内观察到较低价格的事先购买的商品(购买后折扣)。本研究考察了两种折扣类型对产品退货的影响,使用了欧洲一家主要的综合性在线零售商的交易数据,其中包括300个产品类别的近8400万次购买和超过3700万次退货。结果表明,在购买折扣与线性下降的回报率,而购买后的折扣超过25%,以非线性的方式增加回报率。平均而言,在没有(有)折扣驱动的退货体验的顾客中,如果折扣超过40%(20%),购后折扣的不利影响大于购时折扣的有利影响。根据购物动机、品类特征和营销组合,这些影响在不同的产品类别之间差别很大。最后,零售商应该认识到大幅折扣可能会在不经意间促进产品退货。
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引用次数: 0
Generating insult from injury: Receiving self improvement gifts causes negative word of mouth 从伤害中产生侮辱:收到自我提升的礼物会导致负面的口碑
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.04.005
Linnéa M. Chapman , Farnoush Reshadi
Many retailers sell self improvement products – and some market these products as gifts. The present research reveals that doing so could have negative consequences. Five experiments investigated how recipients respond to self improvement gifts offering betterment in terms of physical appearance or communication skills. Results show that those who receive self improvement (vs. non improvement) gifts generate more negative word of mouth about the products they receive, for example, by giving them lower star ratings. This effect is explained by the hurt feelings that recipients of self improvement gifts experience. We identify two ways retailers can attenuate the negative word of mouth stemming from self improvement gifts. First, offering financial incentives when soliciting online reviews reduces gift recipients’ negativity. Second, using a humanized appeal when soliciting online reviews helps prevent negative product review ratings. The present findings have important implications for retailers that sell self improvement products. Specifically, retailers could use financial incentives and humanized review requests to attenuate negative word of mouth, or adjust elements of the marketing mix to nudge consumers away from selecting self improvement products as gifts.
许多零售商出售自我改善产品,有些还把这些产品作为礼品推销。目前的研究表明,这样做可能会产生负面后果。五项实验调查了收礼者对自我提升礼物的反应,这些礼物包括改善外表或沟通技巧。结果显示,那些收到自我提升礼物的人对他们收到的产品产生了更多的负面口碑,例如,给他们较低的星级评价。这种效应可以用接受自我提升礼物的人所经历的伤害感来解释。我们确定了两种方式,零售商可以减轻负面的口碑源于自我提升礼物。首先,在征求在线评论时提供经济奖励可以减少收礼者的消极情绪。其次,在征求在线评论时使用人性化的呼吁有助于防止负面产品评论评级。目前的研究结果对销售自我改善产品的零售商具有重要意义。具体来说,零售商可以使用财政激励和人性化的评论请求来减少负面的口碑,或者调整营销组合的元素,以促使消费者放弃选择自我提升的产品作为礼物。
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引用次数: 0
Unifying or discriminating: Competitive pricing strategies for multi-channel retailers 统一还是区别:多渠道零售商的价格竞争策略
IF 10.2 1区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jretai.2025.05.002
Kun Zhang , Yue Dai , Gangshu (George) Cai
Multi-channel retailers face a crucial decision of whether to charge the same price online and offline. To examine the competitive pricing strategy, we construct a duopoly model with two multi-channel retailers for which consumers are heterogeneous in their brand preferences. Additionally, consumers have heterogeneous product familiarity and are categorized into informed and uninformed segments. While informed consumers are aware of desirable product variants, uninformed consumers may purchase unfit variants and subsequently return them, which incurs return costs for both themselves and the retailer. Therefore, retailers offer store assistance to help uninformed consumers find their matching products. Our analysis reveals that the equilibrium pricing structure is influenced by two effects: the channel-efficiency effect drives the adoption of uniform pricing when a retailer’s store assistance cost is efficient, while the competition effect drives dual pricing when consumers exhibit weak brand preferences and uniform pricing otherwise. The interaction of these effects leads to both symmetric and asymmetric pricing equilibria. In particular, an asymmetric pricing equilibrium emerges when the channel-efficiency effect favors uniform pricing and the competition effect is significant, and at this asymmetric equilibrium, the uniform pricing retailer can outperform its dual pricing rival by offering a uniform price lower than the online and offline prices of the rival.
多渠道零售商面临着一个至关重要的决定,即是否在线上和线下收取相同的价格。为了研究竞争性定价策略,我们构建了一个双垄断模型,该模型包含两个多渠道零售商,其中消费者的品牌偏好是异质的。此外,消费者对产品的熟悉程度不同,并被分为知情和不知情两类。虽然知情的消费者知道理想的产品变体,但不知情的消费者可能会购买不合适的变体并随后退货,这对他们自己和零售商都产生了退货成本。因此,零售商提供商店协助,帮助不知情的消费者找到他们匹配的产品。我们的分析表明,均衡定价结构受到两种效应的影响:当零售商的门店辅助成本有效时,渠道效率效应推动零售商采用统一定价;当消费者表现出较弱的品牌偏好和统一定价时,竞争效应推动零售商采用双重定价。这些影响的相互作用导致对称和不对称定价均衡。特别是,当渠道效率效应有利于统一定价且竞争效应显著时,就会出现价格不对称均衡,在这种不对称均衡下,统一定价零售商可以通过提供低于竞争对手线上线下价格的统一价格来胜过其双重定价竞争对手。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Retailing
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