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The unique roles of breadth and depth in climate change persuasion 广度和深度在气候变化说服中的独特作用
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102850
Matthew H. Goldberg , Eric G. Scheuch , Laura Thomas-Walters , Calla Rosenfeld , Sanguk Lee , Abel Gustafson , Miriam Remshard , Seth A. Rosenthal , Anthony Leiserowitz
Reducing climate change requires persuading people about climate change and climate solutions. The nearly universal way of evaluating which climate and environmental messages are most effective is to calculate and compare average treatment effects (ATEs). The problem with the ATE, however, is that it does not describe the underlying pattern of persuasion: whether effect size is better predicted by how many people are persuaded (i.e., breadth), or how much they are persuaded (i.e., depth). Here, we investigate this in a preregistered meta-analysis of our experimental data archive, avoiding publication bias (14 experiments; 94 treatments; total N = 41,265). We find that as treatment effects increase, the breadth and depth of persuasion both increase. However, the predictive power of breadth (β = 0.47, 95 % CI [0.29, 0.65]) is far stronger than that of depth (β = 0.10, 95 % CI [0.04, 0.15]). We also find that breadth and depth are only weakly correlated (β = 0.23, 95 % CI [0.003, 0.46]), confirming they are distinct. Additionally, as average treatment effects increase, we also find that negative (i.e., backlash) effects decrease (β = −0.30, 95 % CI [-0.46, −0.15]), suggesting that larger ATEs are a function of increased persuasion and decreased backlash. Through three case studies, we show how these results generalize and when they can be audience-dependent. These results have important implications for both scholars and practitioners of climate and environmental communication.
减少气候变化需要说服人们相信气候变化和气候解决方案。评估哪些气候和环境信息最有效的几乎通用的方法是计算和比较平均处理效果(ATEs)。然而,ATE的问题在于,它没有描述说服的潜在模式:效果大小是由被说服的人数(即广度)还是被说服的人数(即深度)来预测。为了避免发表偏倚(14项实验,94项治疗,总N = 41,265),我们对实验数据档案进行了预注册的荟萃分析。我们发现,随着治疗效果的增加,说服的广度和深度都在增加。然而,广度(β = 0.47, 95% CI[0.29, 0.65])的预测能力远强于深度(β = 0.10, 95% CI[0.04, 0.15])。我们还发现,广度和深度仅弱相关(β = 0.23, 95% CI[0.003, 0.46]),证实它们是不同的。此外,随着平均治疗效果的增加,我们还发现负面(即反弹)效果减少(β = - 0.30, 95% CI[-0.46, - 0.15]),这表明较大的ATEs是说服力增加和反弹减少的函数。通过三个案例研究,我们展示了这些结果是如何推广的,以及它们何时可以依赖于受众。这些结果对气候与环境传播的学者和实践者都具有重要的启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
A meta-analysis on the persistent effects of incentives on pro-environmental behavior change interventions 激励对亲环境行为改变干预的持续效应荟萃分析
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102860
Naseem H. Dillman-Hasso
Numerous pro-environmental behavior change interventions use financial incentives to promote desired behaviors. However, the persistent effect of incentives after removal is still inconclusive for these behaviors. This meta-analysis examines whether incentives have a persistent effect on behavior change after removal. Across 27 studies, incentives promote pro-environmental behavior when in place (g = 0.44), and when removed (g = 0.19). Further examination of the findings reveals that persistence is only significant for non-contingent incentives, and only for transportation-related behaviors. These findings underscore the importance of careful consideration of long-lasting effects of incentive-based behavior-change programs and highlight the need for additional research on if and when incentive removal results in a backfire effect.
许多亲环境行为改变干预措施使用财政激励来促进期望的行为。然而,对于这些行为,移除激励后的持续效应仍然是不确定的。本荟萃分析考察了动机是否对移除后的行为改变有持续的影响。在27项研究中,激励措施在适当时(g = 0.44)和取消时(g = 0.19)会促进亲环境行为。对研究结果的进一步研究表明,持久性只对非偶然激励有意义,而且只对交通相关行为有意义。这些发现强调了仔细考虑基于激励的行为改变计划的长期影响的重要性,并强调了对激励取消是否以及何时会产生适得其反的效果进行额外研究的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Keeping cool in the heat: Emotion regulation in response to climate change 在炎热中保持凉爽:应对气候变化的情绪调节
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102864
Merve Alabak , Philippe Verduyn
Climate change is a global crisis that evokes strong emotions. However, it is unclear which strategies people adopt to regulate these emotions, and how these strategies predict affective well-being and pro-environmental engagement. The aim of the present study was to get a better understanding of usage and effectiveness of a broad set of emotion regulation strategies in the context of climate change. At wave 1 (N = 325 participants), we assessed emotion regulation, affective well-being, past pro-environmental behavior and future pro-environmental behavioral intentions. Four weeks later, at wave 2 (N = 137 participants), pro-environmental behavior was again assessed. Other-blame was the most often used regulation strategy in the context of climate change. Rumination and self-blame were found to involve a key tradeoff as usage of these strategies was associated with higher pro-environmental engagement but lower affective well-being. In contrast, seeking social support was positively related to both pro-environmental engagement and affective well-being. These results demonstrate the importance of simultaneously examining well-being outcomes and behavioral outcomes in emotion regulation research in the context of climate change.
气候变化是一场引发强烈情绪的全球危机。然而,目前尚不清楚人们采用哪种策略来调节这些情绪,以及这些策略如何预测情感幸福感和亲环境参与。本研究的目的是为了更好地了解气候变化背景下一系列广泛的情绪调节策略的使用和有效性。在第一阶段(N = 325名参与者),我们评估了情绪调节、情感幸福感、过去的亲环境行为和未来的亲环境行为意图。四周后,在第二阶段(N = 137名参与者),再次评估亲环境行为。在气候变化的背景下,“其他责任”是最常用的监管策略。研究发现,沉思和自责涉及到一个关键的权衡,因为使用这些策略与更高的亲环境参与有关,但与更低的情感幸福感有关。相比之下,寻求社会支持与亲环境参与和情感幸福感均呈正相关。这些结果证明了在气候变化背景下情绪调节研究中同时检查幸福感结果和行为结果的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Recalling Innocence: The cultural significance of childhood memories and moral purity for pro-environmental behavior 回忆纯真:童年记忆和道德纯洁性对环保行为的文化意义
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102855
Letty Y.-Y. Kwan
Past studies have shown that recalling childhood autobiographical memories is associated with pro-environmental behaviors; however, the psychological mechanisms underlying this effect remain unclear. Using an experimental design, the current study demonstrates that evoking childhood memories increases both self-reported and actual pro-environmental behaviors. By including self-report measures of moral purity and an implicit reaction-time task on moral purity, the study reveals that individual differences in moral purity moderate the relationship between childhood memory recall and pro-environmental behaviors. Crucially, the findings suggest that the effect of recalling childhood memories is not simply due to positive or negative emotions or to the actual recall of experiences related to moral purity, which influence pro-environmental behaviors. Instead, recalling childhood autobiographical memories evokes a broader cultural script of childhood as a time of purity and innocence. This shared cultural narrative underlies the psychological pathway from memory recall to sustainable behavior, highlighting the importance of cultural context in shaping moral meanings.
过去的研究表明,回忆童年自传式记忆与亲环境行为有关;然而,这种效应背后的心理机制尚不清楚。通过实验设计,目前的研究表明,唤起童年记忆会增加自我报告的和实际的亲环境行为。通过对道德纯洁性的自我报告测量和内隐反应时间任务,研究发现道德纯洁性的个体差异调节了童年记忆回忆和亲环境行为之间的关系。至关重要的是,研究结果表明,回忆童年记忆的效果不仅仅是由于积极或消极的情绪,也不仅仅是由于对与道德纯洁有关的经历的实际回忆,而道德纯洁会影响亲环境行为。相反,回忆童年的自传式记忆唤起了一个更广泛的文化剧本,童年是一段纯洁和纯真的时光。这种共同的文化叙事是从记忆回忆到可持续行为的心理途径的基础,强调了文化背景在塑造道德意义方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Fitting in and standing out: Multicultural experience drives green consumption through dual motivation for assimilation and differentiation 融入与脱颖而出:多元文化体验通过同化与分化的双重动机驱动绿色消费
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102866
Xiaoyu Dai , Angela K.-y. Leung
As personal and household consumption activities significantly contribute to global environmental degradation (Trudel, 2019), effective strategies to shift consumer preferences toward more sustainable products are urgently needed to tackle impending ecological threats. In this context, this research examines multicultural experience as a potential driver of green consumption. We argue that multicultural experience fosters a heightened desire to both fit in and stand out, which in turn drives green consumption. Study 1 (N = 340) and Study 2 (N = 345) employed cross-sectional designs and showed that multicultural experience directly predicted higher green consumption intention and more frequent green consumption behaviors, and was indirectly associated with green consumption through the dual motivation for assimilation and differentiation. Study 3 (N = 292) employed an experimental design in which participants recalled either multicultural or shopping experiences. The results indicated that recalling multicultural experience induced significantly higher levels of dual motivation for assimilation and differentiation, which, in turn, predicted stronger green consumption intention. Across three studies conducted with adults in the U.S., multicultural experience was consistently found to have a positive indirect effect on green consumption through the dual motivation for assimilation and differentiation, supporting the hypothesized mediation model.
由于个人和家庭消费活动严重加剧了全球环境退化(Trudel, 2019),因此迫切需要有效的战略,将消费者的偏好转向更可持续的产品,以应对迫在眉睫的生态威胁。在此背景下,本研究探讨了多元文化经验作为绿色消费的潜在驱动因素。我们认为,多元文化的经历培养了一种更强烈的适应和脱颖而出的愿望,这反过来又推动了绿色消费。研究1 (N = 340)和研究2 (N = 345)采用横断面设计,发现多元文化体验直接预测更高的绿色消费意愿和更频繁的绿色消费行为,并通过同化和分化的双重动机与绿色消费间接相关。研究3 (N = 292)采用了一种实验设计,让参与者回忆多元文化或购物经历。结果表明,回忆多元文化经历显著提高了同化和分化的双重动机水平,从而预测了更强的绿色消费意愿。在对美国成年人进行的三项研究中,多元文化经历通过同化和分化的双重动机,一致地发现对绿色消费具有积极的间接影响,支持了假设的中介模型。
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引用次数: 0
What really helps recovery from stress: The leafiness or representational style of trees in a virtual nature? 真正有助于从压力中恢复的是:虚拟自然中树木的叶子或代表性风格?
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102869
Junyan Ye , Xinzhen Bai , Fu Li , Matthew H.E.M. Browning , Theodore Eisenman , Jie Yin , Liyan Xu
Exposure to actual and virtual nature can reduce stress, but it is largely unknown what dimensions of such experience are beneficial for health. Among the qualities of a nature experience that may translate to stress recovery are the “leafiness” of vegetation and the representation of vegetation present in the landscape. This experimental study investigates the independent effects of these two qualities with urban designers and the general public using virtual reality (VR). We compared the effects of leafiness (with vs. without green leaves) and representation style (realistic with leaves vs. Minecraft with leaves vs. polygonal with leaves) on stress recovery. One hundred and sixteen Chinese participants were exposed to an acute stressor and randomly assigned to one of the four virtual environments during their stress recovery. We measured electrodermal activity (EDA), salivary cortisol levels (SC), electroencephalogram (EEG), blood pressure (BP) data, and self-assessment questionnaires to assess stress recovery. Our results showed that realistic vegetation with leaves facilitated stress recovery effect better than realistic vegetation without leaves. Additionally, realistic vegetation with leaves facilitated stress-recovery comparable to Minecraft style vegetation, and better than polygonal vegetation. These results suggest that landscape architects, urban designers, and virtual environment creators should focus not only on the leafiness of vegetation but also the realism of vegetation—prioritizing natural elements that exhibit life-like, realistic features that align with biophilia principles.
接触真实和虚拟的自然环境可以减轻压力,但在很大程度上还不清楚这种体验的哪些方面对健康有益。在可能转化为压力恢复的自然体验的品质中,植被的“叶量”和植被在景观中的表现。本实验研究利用虚拟现实(VR)技术,探讨了城市设计师和公众对这两种品质的独立影响。我们比较了叶片(有绿叶vs.没有绿叶)和表现风格(有树叶的现实主义vs.有树叶的Minecraft vs.有树叶的多边形)对压力恢复的影响。116名中国参与者暴露于急性压力源,并在他们的压力恢复期间随机分配到四个虚拟环境中的一个。我们测量了皮电活动(EDA)、唾液皮质醇水平(SC)、脑电图(EEG)、血压(BP)数据和自我评估问卷来评估应激恢复。结果表明,有叶片的真实植被比无叶片的真实植被更有利于胁迫恢复。此外,带有叶子的逼真植被可以促进压力恢复,与《我的世界》风格的植被相比,比多边形植被更好。这些结果表明,景观设计师、城市设计师和虚拟环境创造者不仅应该关注植被的叶子,还应该关注植被的真实感——优先考虑那些表现出与亲生物原则相一致的逼真、现实特征的自然元素。
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引用次数: 0
Promotive-mountain and preventive-ocean: The interactive effect of natural environment and regulatory focus on green consumption 促山防海:自然环境与绿色消费调控的互动效应
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102854
Hyunji Lee , Shengmin Si , Kahyun Lee , Nara Youn
Although nature exposure can promote pro-environmental behavior, the distinct effects of mountains and oceans on green consumption remain underexplored. Building on research linking mountains with aspiration and achievement and oceans with caution and risk avoidance, this work examines how these associations interact with regulatory focus to shape green advertising effectiveness. A pretest (N = 205) confirmed that mountains align with promotion and oceans with prevention. Study 1 (N = 4969) analyzed green Kickstarter campaigns, showing that campaigns incorporating mountain-related elements in their text and images were more successful when paired with promotion-focused framing, whereas those incorporating ocean-related elements were more successful when paired with prevention-focused framing. Three laboratory experiments further tested these effects. Study 2 (N = 205) found that mountain-themed green advertisements were more persuasive for promotion-focused individuals and ocean-themed ads for prevention-focused individuals, mediated by processing fluency. Study 3 (N = 208) replicated these effects using manipulated imagery and regulatory focus, identifying environmental self-efficacy—a consumer's confidence in their ability to contribute positively to the environment—as an additional mediator. Study 4 (N = 204) integrated these pathways, demonstrating that regulatory fit enhances fluency, which in turn strengthens environmental self-efficacy and ultimately increases advertising effectiveness, including willingness to pay.
虽然接触自然可以促进亲环境行为,但山脉和海洋对绿色消费的独特影响仍未得到充分探讨。在研究将山脉与抱负和成就联系起来,将海洋与谨慎和风险规避联系起来的基础上,本工作考察了这些联系如何与监管重点相互作用,以塑造绿色广告的效果。一项预测(N = 205)证实,山脉与促进有关,海洋与预防有关。研究1 (N = 4969)分析了绿色Kickstarter活动,结果显示,在文字和图像中加入山地相关元素的活动,如果搭配以宣传为重点的框架,会更成功,而那些加入海洋相关元素的活动,如果搭配以预防为重点的框架,则会更成功。三个实验室实验进一步验证了这些效应。研究2 (N = 205)发现,在加工流畅性的中介作用下,以山为主题的绿色广告对以促销为重点的个体更具说服力,而以海洋为主题的广告对以预防为重点的个体更具说服力。研究3 (N = 208)使用操纵图像和监管焦点复制了这些效应,确定了环境自我效能——消费者对自己对环境做出积极贡献的能力的信心——作为一个额外的中介。研究4 (N = 204)整合了这些途径,表明监管契合增强了流畅性,进而增强了环境自我效能,最终提高了广告效果,包括支付意愿。
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引用次数: 0
Reciprocal dynamics of climate change risk perception and environmental attitude in early adolescence: Association with pro-environmental behavior 青少年早期气候变化风险感知和环境态度的相互动态:与亲环境行为的关联
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102868
Haoning Liu , Yue Qi , Yan Lou , Xinzhe Xu , Xiao Yu
This study investigated the longitudinal interplay between climate change risk perception (CCRP) and environmental attitude (EA) and their joint contributions to pro-environmental behavior (PEB) among early adolescents. The study involved 942 adolescents, with measurements taken over three waves over 1.5 years. Cross-lagged panel modeling revealed reciprocal associations between CCRP and EA, both positively predicting PEB. Parallel process latent class growth modeling identified four co-developmental trajectories. Adolescents in the “risk sensitive/attitude-detached” and “moderately stabilized” groups showed higher PEB than those in the “progressively disengaged” group; the former also outperformed the “consistently engaged” group. These findings highlight the value of integrating variable- and person-centered approaches and suggest that heuristic-driven processes (e.g., CCRP) may exert a stronger effect on adolescent PEB than systematic processes (e.g., EA).
本研究探讨了气候变化风险感知(CCRP)与环境态度(EA)的纵向相互作用及其对青少年亲环境行为(PEB)的共同影响。这项研究涉及942名青少年,在1.5年的时间里进行了三次测量。交叉滞后面板模型显示CCRP和EA之间的相互关联,两者都能积极预测PEB。平行过程潜类增长模型确定了四种共同发展轨迹。“风险敏感/态度分离”组和“适度稳定”组青少年的PEB高于“逐渐分离”组;前者的表现也优于“持续投入”组。这些发现强调了整合变量和以人为中心的方法的价值,并表明启发式驱动的过程(如CCRP)可能比系统过程(如EA)对青少年PEB产生更强的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Developing a psychological understanding of students’ perceptions of their school environment and the relationship with academic achievement 培养学生对学校环境的认知及其与学业成绩的关系的心理理解
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102862
Edward Edgerton , Jim McKechnie , John Maltby
Educational research has demonstrated the importance of variables such as Socioeconomic Status (SES), Gender and Attendance in relation to academic achievement. In addition, research has also highlighted the importance of the physical learning environment in relation to academic achievement and in particular objective characteristics such as temperature, air quality and noise. The way in which students subjectively perceive their school environment has received less attention. However, one recent study has demonstrated how students’ subjective perceptions of their physical school environment, along with SES, Gender and Attendance, are all significantly related to academic achievement. The current study applies a new and distinct methodological approach to an existing data set to develop a psychological model of the physical environment to uncover latent factors which may be important in describing the relationship between the environment and academic performance.
The study was conducted on data from 387, S5 students in five secondary schools in Scotland. Exploratory Factor Analysis was conducted to identify the underlying factor structure of the original 60 item questionnaire that was used to measure students’ perceptions of their school environment. Multiple regression analyses were then conducted to investigate the relationship between SES, Gender, Attendance and the new factors identified in the factor analysis, with academic achievement.
The factor analysis identified a nine-factor model that reflects distinct dimensions of the physical and social aspects of the school and provides a comprehensive understanding of how students experience their surroundings. The multiple regression analyses confirmed that SES, Gender, and Attendance were significant predictors of academic achievement and that the inclusion of the nine factors explained an additional 11 % of the variance in academic achievement.
The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of how this psychological model of the physical school environment could be used to inform future educational design, policy, and interventions.
教育研究已经证明了社会经济地位(SES)、性别和出勤率等变量对学业成绩的重要性。此外,研究还强调了物理学习环境对学习成绩的重要性,特别是温度、空气质量和噪音等客观特征。学生主观感知学校环境的方式受到的关注较少。然而,最近的一项研究表明,学生对学校物理环境的主观感知,以及社会经济地位、性别和出勤率,都与学业成绩显著相关。目前的研究采用了一种新的和独特的方法方法,以现有的数据集来开发物理环境的心理模型,以揭示潜在的因素,这可能是描述环境和学习成绩之间关系的重要因素。这项研究的数据来自苏格兰五所中学的387名学生。探索性因子分析是为了确定原始的60项问卷的潜在因素结构,该问卷用于测量学生对学校环境的看法。通过多元回归分析,探讨社会经济地位、性别、出勤率以及因子分析中发现的新因子与学业成绩的关系。因子分析确定了一个九因子模型,该模型反映了学校物理和社会方面的不同维度,并提供了对学生如何体验周围环境的全面理解。多元回归分析证实,社会经济地位、性别和出勤率是学业成绩的重要预测因素,这9个因素的加入解释了另外11%的学业成绩差异。本文讨论了这些发现的含义,即如何利用学校物理环境的心理模型为未来的教育设计、政策和干预提供信息。
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引用次数: 0
Building spaces for play: Mothers design different environments for pre-walking and walking infants 搭建游戏空间:妈妈们为刚学会走路的婴儿和会走路的婴儿设计不同的环境
IF 7 1区 心理学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2025.102867
Joshua L. Schneider , Jana M. Iverson
How do caregivers design environments for infants? Using a mixed methods approach, we examined how 52 mothers of 12-month-old pre-walking versus walking infants constructed a new play space. Mothers arranged large foam blocks in an empty lab playroom and discussed their design process during open-ended interviews. Mothers of pre-walkers created expansive layouts with multiple block groupings scattered across the room. In contrast, mothers of walkers built concentrated areas (half the size) surrounded by an abundance of open floor space. When reflecting on their designs, mothers' explanations echoed the spaces they created. Most mothers discussed their infants' postural and locomotor skills, unique personalities, everyday experiences at home or in childcare centers, and the characteristics of the blocks. But more mothers of pre-walkers emphasized exploration—promoting travel and discovery—than mothers of walkers. The characteristics of mothers’ environments, however, did not shape the quantity of infant locomotor exploration: Walkers spent more time in motion and traveled greater distances than pre-walkers, regardless of differences in environmental layout. Findings highlight the importance of viewing infant development as a process embedded within the physical environment.
照顾者如何为婴儿设计环境?采用混合方法,我们研究了52名12个月大的婴儿的母亲如何构建一个新的游戏空间。母亲们在空荡荡的实验室游戏室里布置了大型泡沫积木,并在开放式采访中讨论了它们的设计过程。刚学会走路的孩子的妈妈们用分散在房间里的多个街区分组创造了广阔的布局。相比之下,步行者的母亲们建造了集中的区域(面积只有前者的一半),周围有大量的开放空间。在反思她们的设计时,母亲们的解释与她们创造的空间相呼应。大多数母亲讨论了婴儿的姿势和运动技能,独特的个性,在家里或托儿中心的日常经历,以及积木的特点。但是比起学步者的母亲,更多的学龄前儿童的母亲强调探索——促进旅行和发现。然而,母亲的环境特征并没有影响婴儿运动探索的数量:无论环境布局的差异如何,学步者比学步前花更多的时间运动,走更远的距离。研究结果强调了将婴儿发育视为嵌入物理环境中的一个过程的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
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