Pub Date : 2024-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102481
Lingling Huang , Li Liu , Jianning Dang , Cong Wei , Xiaoyan Miao , Zhen Liu
Decisions regarding international carbon allocation present an efficiency–equality dilemma. In addition to serving national interests, recent studies have shown the moral value foundations of carbon allocation preferences. Nevertheless, concentrating only on the moral values of the allocator is insufficient; the allocator's moral concern for the allocatees often plays an equally or even more crucial role. Inspired by the moral concern model of humanization, we propose that the humanization of allocatees boosts empathy toward them, thereby promoting equality (versus efficiency) preference in carbon allocation. The results of three studies (N = 911) reveal that humanization increases selection of more equal (versus efficient) allocation proposals (Studies 1–3) and decreases credit allocation differences between allocatees (Studies 2 and 3). Further, enhanced empathy is found to mediate these effects (Studies 2 and 3). By identifying the roles of humanization and empathy in carbon allocation preferences, this research provides a moral concern framework for understanding international carbon allocation controversies and has important implications for promoting climate governance cooperation.
{"title":"Humanization promotes equality over efficiency preference in carbon allocation","authors":"Lingling Huang , Li Liu , Jianning Dang , Cong Wei , Xiaoyan Miao , Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Decisions regarding international carbon allocation present an efficiency–equality dilemma. In addition to serving national interests, recent studies have shown the moral value foundations of carbon allocation preferences. Nevertheless, concentrating only on the moral values of the allocator is insufficient; the allocator's moral concern for the allocatees often plays an equally or even more crucial role. Inspired by the moral concern model of humanization, we propose that the humanization of allocatees boosts empathy toward them, thereby promoting equality (versus efficiency) preference in carbon allocation. The results of three studies (<em>N</em> = 911) reveal that humanization increases selection of more equal (versus efficient) allocation proposals (Studies 1–3) and decreases credit allocation differences between allocatees (Studies 2 and 3). Further, enhanced empathy is found to mediate these effects (Studies 2 and 3). By identifying the roles of humanization and empathy in carbon allocation preferences, this research provides a moral concern framework for understanding international carbon allocation controversies and has important implications for promoting climate governance cooperation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102481"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102477
Neveen Hamza , Keith Reid , David Anderson , Leigh Townsend
This study, conducted on purpose-built NHS dementia wards, investigates correlations between patient aggression and indoor temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity, measured at 3-min intervals, on male and female wards, over 12–15 months, were compared against staff-recorded incidents (n = 299; females n = 100; males n = 199). Linear regression was used to assess potential correlations. Binomial analysis measured relative risk of incidents outside comfortable thermal (22–24 °C) and humidity (30%–60%) ranges. Temperatures ranged from 17 to 27oC and humidity ranged from 16 to 70%. On the male ward, both extremes of temperature were correlated with increased incident likelihood (R2 = 0.473) and relative risk of incidents was 1.89 (p = 0.0015) at temperatures <22oC and 1.73 (p < 0.001) at temperatures >24oC. On the female ward, increasing temperature was correlated with increased incident likelihood (R2 = 0.568) and relative risk of incidents was 1.99 (p < 0.001) at temperatures >24oC. Strong associations between relative humidity levels and incidents were not identified. Extreme temperatures were associated with significantly increased risk of incidents of agitation, suggesting relevance of environmental conditions in the formulation of agitation in dementia.
{"title":"Indoor environmental conditions and likelihood of reported violence and aggression in a purpose-built residential dementia hospital","authors":"Neveen Hamza , Keith Reid , David Anderson , Leigh Townsend","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study, conducted on purpose-built NHS dementia wards, investigates correlations between patient aggression and indoor temperature and humidity. Temperature and humidity, measured at 3-min intervals, on male and female wards, over 12–15 months, were compared against staff-recorded incidents (n = 299; females n = 100; males n = 199). Linear regression was used to assess potential correlations. Binomial analysis measured relative risk of incidents outside comfortable thermal (22–24 °C) and humidity (30%–60%) ranges. Temperatures ranged from 17 to 27<sup>o</sup>C and humidity ranged from 16 to 70%. On the male ward, both extremes of temperature were correlated with increased incident likelihood (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.473) and relative risk of incidents was 1.89 (p = 0.0015) at temperatures <22<sup>o</sup>C and 1.73 (p < 0.001) at temperatures >24<sup>o</sup>C. On the female ward, increasing temperature was correlated with increased incident likelihood (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.568) and relative risk of incidents was 1.99 (p < 0.001) at temperatures >24<sup>o</sup>C. Strong associations between relative humidity levels and incidents were not identified. Extreme temperatures were associated with significantly increased risk of incidents of agitation, suggesting relevance of environmental conditions in the formulation of agitation in dementia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102477"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102479
Craig W. McDougall , Lewis R. Elliott , Mathew P. White , James Grellier , Simon Bell , Gregory N. Bratman , Mark Nieuwenhuijsen , Maria L. Lima , Ann Ojala , Marta Cirach , Anne Roiko , Matilda van den Bosch , Lora E. Fleming
Although spending time in nature can improve subjective wellbeing (SWB), little is known about how different types of nature exposure are associated with different dimensions of SWB or the consistency of associations across national/cultural contexts. Using data from 18 countries, associations between green, coastal and freshwater blue space exposures (including residential availability, visits ‘yesterday’ and visits in the previous four weeks) and hedonic, eudaimonic, and evaluative wellbeing were estimated. Overall, residential nature availability showed little association with any wellbeing outcome, whereas visiting green and coastal locations ‘yesterday’ was associated with better hedonic wellbeing. Although frequently visiting green, coastal and freshwater spaces were all associated with greater evaluative wellbeing, greater eudaimonic wellbeing was only associated with frequent visits to green and freshwater spaces. Variations existed across countries. Results suggest that different types of nature exposure vary in their association with different dimensions of SWB. Understanding these differences may help us maximise the potential of natural environments as SWB-promoting resources.
{"title":"What types of nature exposure are associated with hedonic, eudaimonic and evaluative wellbeing? An 18-country study","authors":"Craig W. McDougall , Lewis R. Elliott , Mathew P. White , James Grellier , Simon Bell , Gregory N. Bratman , Mark Nieuwenhuijsen , Maria L. Lima , Ann Ojala , Marta Cirach , Anne Roiko , Matilda van den Bosch , Lora E. Fleming","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although spending time in nature can improve subjective wellbeing (SWB), little is known about how different types of nature exposure are associated with different dimensions of SWB or the consistency of associations across national/cultural contexts. Using data from 18 countries, associations between green, coastal and freshwater blue space exposures (including residential availability, visits ‘yesterday’ and visits in the previous four weeks) and hedonic, eudaimonic, and evaluative wellbeing were estimated. Overall, residential nature availability showed little association with any wellbeing outcome, whereas visiting green and coastal locations ‘yesterday’ was associated with better hedonic wellbeing. Although frequently visiting green, coastal and freshwater spaces were all associated with greater evaluative wellbeing, greater eudaimonic wellbeing was only associated with frequent visits to green and freshwater spaces. Variations existed across countries. Results suggest that different types of nature exposure vary in their association with different dimensions of SWB. Understanding these differences may help us maximise the potential of natural environments as SWB-promoting resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102479"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102476
Anna Bornioli , Aife Hopkins-Doyle , Fabio Fasoli , Giulio Faccenda , Mikel Subiza-Pérez , Eleanor Ratcliffe , Eda Beyazit
Exposure to urban greenspaces such as parks, forests, and gardens can support psychological restoration. However, restorative environments research currently lacks theory and empirical evidence on gendered restorative processes. Literature on epidemiology has studied gender differences in greenspaces and mental health outcomes but results are unclear so far. In parallel, social psychology of gender and feminist urbanism suggest that gender-related socio-cultural norms, attitudes, and behaviours; roles and relations; stereotypes, expressions; identity and sexual orientation, as well as certain sex-related factors, can have profound influences on women's (and gender minorities') experiences in public space. Drawing from these disciplines, we address this key knowledge gap of restorative environments research by reviewing the role of gender and sex in psychological restoration and wider psychological experiences in urban greenspaces. The findings reveal that gender-related and certain sex-related factors can affect aspects of person-greenspaces interactions, including when greenspaces are accessed and where; why they are visited and with whom; and how greenspaces are experienced. Several potential barriers to women's and gender minorities' experiences in urban greenspaces are identified. These relate to visit characteristics (transport accessibility and mobility patterns, frequency, time, social context and purpose of visits), experiences of contextual features (perceived and objective safety, the quality and maintenance of urban greenspace, infrastructure features), and several top-down person and group-based experiences (personal meanings, majority dynamics and group belonging, intersecting sociodemographic and personal characteristics). Overall, the person-environment fit in urban greenspaces might be lower for women and gender minorities than for men. This might translate into lower perceptions of compatibility and being away and, simultaneously, higher attentional demands. Overall, this might reduce the restorative and psychological benefits of urban greenspaces for women and gender minorities. Future research is encouraged to assess empirically the effects of the identified gender- and sex-related factors in restorative experiences of urban greenspaces, as well as to explore restorative experiences among specific socio-demographic groups in which gender intersects with other personal and social features.
{"title":"Sex and the city park: The role of gender and sex in psychological restoration in urban greenspaces","authors":"Anna Bornioli , Aife Hopkins-Doyle , Fabio Fasoli , Giulio Faccenda , Mikel Subiza-Pérez , Eleanor Ratcliffe , Eda Beyazit","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102476","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102476","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to urban greenspaces such as parks, forests, and gardens can support psychological restoration. However, restorative environments research currently lacks theory and empirical evidence on <em>gendered</em> restorative processes. Literature on epidemiology has studied gender differences in greenspaces and mental health outcomes but results are unclear so far. In parallel, social psychology of gender and feminist urbanism suggest that gender-related socio-cultural norms, attitudes, and behaviours; roles and relations; stereotypes, expressions; identity and sexual orientation, as well as certain sex-related factors, can have profound influences on women's (and gender minorities') experiences in public space. Drawing from these disciplines, we address this key knowledge gap of restorative environments research by reviewing the role of gender and sex in psychological restoration and wider psychological experiences in urban greenspaces. The findings reveal that gender-related and certain sex-related factors can affect aspects of person-greenspaces interactions, including when greenspaces are accessed and where; why they are visited and with whom; and how greenspaces are experienced. Several potential barriers to women's and gender minorities' experiences in urban greenspaces are identified. These relate to visit characteristics (transport accessibility and mobility patterns, frequency, time, social context and purpose of visits), experiences of contextual features (perceived and objective safety, the quality and maintenance of urban greenspace, infrastructure features), and several top-down person and group-based experiences (personal meanings, majority dynamics and group belonging, intersecting sociodemographic and personal characteristics). Overall, the person-environment fit in urban greenspaces might be lower for women and gender minorities than for men. This might translate into lower perceptions of compatibility and being away and, simultaneously, higher attentional demands. Overall, this might reduce the restorative and psychological benefits of urban greenspaces for women and gender minorities. Future research is encouraged to assess empirically the effects of the identified gender- and sex-related factors in restorative experiences of urban greenspaces, as well as to explore restorative experiences among specific socio-demographic groups in which gender intersects with other personal and social features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102476"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102472
Dandan Zhang , Yao Yu , Wei Guo
Environmental risks can result in varying degrees of negative impacts, which can be categorized into micro-level individual impacts and macro-level social and ecological impacts. While extensive research has shown that individuals take actions to protect the environment in the face of environmental risks, the mechanisms underlying this behavior have received insufficient attention, particularly regarding the negative impacts stemming directly from environmental conditions. This study aims to examine the discrepancies in pro-environmental awareness and behavior in response to adverse consequences of diverse environmental risks from a risk management perspective. Utilizing data from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), we classified the negative impacts of environmental risks into two categories: individual and community levels. We investigated which specific negative impacts motivate individuals to develop environmental awareness and engage in pro-environmental behaviors. Our findings reveal that individuals are more likely to take action when faced with immediate and urgent individual-level negative impacts. Conversely, they are less inclined to act in response to long-term and seemingly minor community-level environmental risks. These insights enhance our understanding of the psychological mechanisms linking environmental risks to pro-environmental behaviors and underscore the importance of addressing negative impacts that may not appear serious in the present.
{"title":"When do individuals take action to protect the environment?——Exploring the mediating effects of negative impacts of environmental risk","authors":"Dandan Zhang , Yao Yu , Wei Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental risks can result in varying degrees of negative impacts, which can be categorized into micro-level individual impacts and macro-level social and ecological impacts. While extensive research has shown that individuals take actions to protect the environment in the face of environmental risks, the mechanisms underlying this behavior have received insufficient attention, particularly regarding the negative impacts stemming directly from environmental conditions. This study aims to examine the discrepancies in pro-environmental awareness and behavior in response to adverse consequences of diverse environmental risks from a risk management perspective. Utilizing data from the 2021 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), we classified the negative impacts of environmental risks into two categories: individual and community levels. We investigated which specific negative impacts motivate individuals to develop environmental awareness and engage in pro-environmental behaviors. Our findings reveal that individuals are more likely to take action when faced with immediate and urgent individual-level negative impacts. Conversely, they are less inclined to act in response to long-term and seemingly minor community-level environmental risks. These insights enhance our understanding of the psychological mechanisms linking environmental risks to pro-environmental behaviors and underscore the importance of addressing negative impacts that may not appear serious in the present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102472"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102473
Gary W. Evans , Jenny Kim
{"title":"Adverse relations between substandard housing and self-regulation are accentuated for children with difficult temperament","authors":"Gary W. Evans , Jenny Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102473","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102473"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142555541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102474
Xiaozi Gao , Frank Tian-Fang Ye , Kerry Lee , Alfredo Bautista , Kuen-Fung Sin , Lan Yang
Household chaos and crowding are known to significantly influence children's development; however, their relative contributions remain less clear. Furthermore, previous research has primarily focused on children's socioemotional and cognitive development, with limited attention to the learning process. This study explores the relation of household chaos and crowding with children's learning behaviors and emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. A sample of 262 parents and their primary school-aged children were recruited in Hong Kong. Both parents and children completed separate online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling revealed that while household chaos was correlated with crowding, it was specifically chaos, rather than crowding, that negatively related to children's learning behaviors. Importantly, the direct relationship between household chaos and children's learning behaviors remained significant even after accounting for family socioeconomic status (SES) and parents' involvement. This study enhances our understanding of the relation of physical environment with children's learning, emphasizing the distinct role of household chaos, separate from crowding and family SES.
{"title":"Chaotic or crowded? The role of physical household environment in children's learning during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Xiaozi Gao , Frank Tian-Fang Ye , Kerry Lee , Alfredo Bautista , Kuen-Fung Sin , Lan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102474","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102474","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Household chaos and crowding are known to significantly influence children's development; however, their relative contributions remain less clear. Furthermore, previous research has primarily focused on children's socioemotional and cognitive development, with limited attention to the learning process. This study explores the relation of household chaos and crowding with children's learning behaviors and emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong. A sample of 262 parents and their primary school-aged children were recruited in Hong Kong. Both parents and children completed separate online questionnaires. Structural equation modeling revealed that while household chaos was correlated with crowding, it was specifically chaos, rather than crowding, that negatively related to children's learning behaviors. Importantly, the direct relationship between household chaos and children's learning behaviors remained significant even after accounting for family socioeconomic status (SES) and parents' involvement. This study enhances our understanding of the relation of physical environment with children's learning, emphasizing the distinct role of household chaos, separate from crowding and family SES.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102474"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102471
Andrea Y.J. Mah , Stylianos Syropoulos , Ezra M. Markowitz
Climate change is an existential threat facing humankind, and one that we must productively cope with as its most severe consequences come to pass. In the present investigation we theorize that one way that people may cope with an existential threat is through personal legacy-building efforts. In three correlational studies (N = 855) including samples from the U.S. and a diverse global cohort including the Global South and East, we found that people construe their proenvironmental behaviors as legacy-building activities, and that doing so relates to the perceived effectiveness of a behavior, as well as the reported frequency of engaging in a behavior. Further, we found that people who were motivated to leave a legacy grounded in the desire to have a positive impact on others also tended to be more concerned about climate change, but not paralyzed by such concern, indicated by a negative or non-significant correlation with climate change anxiety, a positive correlation with constructive hope and active coping, and negative correlations with hope based in denial and avoidant coping.
{"title":"Caring about one's legacy relates to constructive coping with climate change","authors":"Andrea Y.J. Mah , Stylianos Syropoulos , Ezra M. Markowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is an existential threat facing humankind, and one that we must productively cope with as its most severe consequences come to pass. In the present investigation we theorize that one way that people may cope with an existential threat is through personal legacy-building efforts. In three correlational studies (<em>N</em> = 855) including samples from the U.S. and a diverse global cohort including the Global South and East, we found that people construe their proenvironmental behaviors as legacy-building activities, and that doing so relates to the perceived effectiveness of a behavior, as well as the reported frequency of engaging in a behavior. Further, we found that people who were motivated to leave a legacy grounded in the desire to have a positive impact on others also tended to be more concerned about climate change, but not paralyzed by such concern, indicated by a negative or non-significant correlation with climate change anxiety, a positive correlation with constructive hope and active coping, and negative correlations with hope based in denial and avoidant coping.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102471"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study explores the relationship between greenspace and perceived stress, anxiety, and depression, and specifically how perceived and objective greenspace exposure relate to these outcomes. It also explores whether race and socioeconomic status (SES) influence perceived and objective greenspace exposure.
Methods
We used structural equation models (SEMs) to assess the combined impacts of perceived greenspace (a latent construct that included greenspace abundance, visibility, access, usage, quality) and objective greenspace (NDVI within a 300-m buffer of residence) exposures on mental health outcomes (perceived stress, anxiety, and depression), adjusted for SES (using a latent variable that combined income, education, employment), race, ethnicity, age, and cohabiting status from a cross-sectional survey on greenspace and mental health in Denver, CO that ran from November 2019 to April 2021. We compared the strength of pathways between perceived and objective greenspace measures and mental health outcomes, as well as those between SES/race/ethnicity and greenspace measures.
Results
Perceived greenspace exposure was directly associated with reduced anxiety; objective greenspace was only indirectly associated with reduced anxiety, through perceived greenspace. Perceived—but not objective—greenspace exposure was associated with lower depression with borderline statistical significance. SES was statistically significantly associated with higher objective greenspace (a direct impact) and perceived greenspace (direct impact and indirect impact mediated by objective greenspace), which suggests that some, but not all, of differential perceptions of greenspace exposure by SES are due to differential levels of objective greenspace exposure by SES.
Conclusion
Our study shows that perceived greenspace exposure may be an integral part of how objective greenspace exposure confers mental health benefits, particularly anxiety. SES may also play a role not just in influencing objective greenspace exposure, but also in shaping peoples’ perceptions of greenspace, which are unmeasured in most objective greenspace exposure measures.
{"title":"Is greenspace in the eye of the beholder? Exploring perceived and objective greenspace exposure effects on mental health","authors":"Rieves E.S. , S.M. Freis , N.P. Friedman , Reid C.E.","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study explores the relationship between greenspace and perceived stress, anxiety, and depression, and specifically how perceived and objective greenspace exposure relate to these outcomes. It also explores whether race and socioeconomic status (SES) influence perceived and objective greenspace exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used structural equation models (SEMs) to assess the combined impacts of perceived greenspace (a latent construct that included greenspace abundance, visibility, access, usage, quality) and objective greenspace (NDVI within a 300-m buffer of residence) exposures on mental health outcomes (perceived stress, anxiety, and depression), adjusted for SES (using a latent variable that combined income, education, employment), race, ethnicity, age, and cohabiting status from a cross-sectional survey on greenspace and mental health in Denver, CO that ran from November 2019 to April 2021. We compared the strength of pathways between perceived and objective greenspace measures and mental health outcomes, as well as those between SES/race/ethnicity and greenspace measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Perceived greenspace exposure was directly associated with reduced anxiety; objective greenspace was only indirectly associated with reduced anxiety, through perceived greenspace. Perceived—but not objective—greenspace exposure was associated with lower depression with borderline statistical significance. SES was statistically significantly associated with higher objective greenspace (a direct impact) and perceived greenspace (direct impact and indirect impact mediated by objective greenspace), which suggests that some, but not all, of differential perceptions of greenspace exposure by SES are due to differential levels of objective greenspace exposure by SES.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study shows that perceived greenspace exposure may be an integral part of how objective greenspace exposure confers mental health benefits, particularly anxiety. SES may also play a role not just in influencing objective greenspace exposure, but also in shaping peoples’ perceptions of greenspace, which are unmeasured in most objective greenspace exposure measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102468"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102470
Bassam Khoury , Rodrigo C. Vergara
Objectives
No measure of compassion for animals exists. Previous scales measured empathy or attitudes towards animals. In line with previous compassion questionnaires for self (CQS) and others (CQO), the proposed Compassion Questionnaire for Animals (CQA) aims to operationalize compassion for animals by grounding it in affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness dimensions, each representing a set of skills that can be cultivated through training and practice.
Methods
Based on the proposed theoretical approach, the CQA items were developed through consultations with a panel of eight graduate students. A large study was conducted to validate the CQA, investigate the relationship between empathy/compassion for other human beings and compassion for animals, and test the role of gender and age in compassion for animals.
Results
Results suggested the presence of three dimensions along with a global latent variable. Psychometric characteristics of the CQA and its subscales were robust. These findings were additionally supported by convergent and discriminate evidence; as such, the CQA presented strong associations with measures of empathy for animals and nature relatedness. In addition, empathy and compassion for other human beings and for animals were found to be moderately associated. Gender and age were found to be related to compassion for animals, with women and older individuals displaying higher levels of compassion.
Conclusions
The CQA is the first scale that operationalizes compassion for animals as a set of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness skills/abilities with important theoretical and practical implications. Limitations as well as theoretical and practical implications of the CQA are thoroughly discussed.
{"title":"Compassion questionnaire for animals: Scale development and validation","authors":"Bassam Khoury , Rodrigo C. Vergara","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvp.2024.102470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>No measure of compassion for animals exists. Previous scales measured empathy or attitudes towards animals. In line with previous compassion questionnaires for self (CQS) and others (CQO), the proposed Compassion Questionnaire for Animals (CQA) aims to operationalize compassion for animals by grounding it in affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness dimensions, each representing a set of skills that can be cultivated through training and practice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Based on the proposed theoretical approach, the CQA items were developed through consultations with a panel of eight graduate students. A large study was conducted to validate the CQA, investigate the relationship between empathy/compassion for other human beings and compassion for animals, and test the role of gender and age in compassion for animals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results suggested the presence of three dimensions along with a global latent variable. Psychometric characteristics of the CQA and its subscales were robust. These findings were additionally supported by convergent and discriminate evidence; as such, the CQA presented strong associations with measures of empathy for animals and nature relatedness. In addition, empathy and compassion for other human beings and for animals were found to be moderately associated. Gender and age were found to be related to compassion for animals, with women and older individuals displaying higher levels of compassion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The CQA is the first scale that operationalizes compassion for animals as a set of affective, cognitive, behavioral, and interrelatedness skills/abilities with important theoretical and practical implications. Limitations as well as theoretical and practical implications of the CQA are thoroughly discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48439,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Psychology","volume":"100 ","pages":"Article 102470"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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