Pub Date : 2024-01-07DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2300348
Hongwei Duan, Zeyu Zhuang, Jing Yang, Shengping Zhang, Luda Wang
{"title":"Confined gas transport in low-dimensional materials","authors":"Hongwei Duan, Zeyu Zhuang, Jing Yang, Shengping Zhang, Luda Wang","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2300348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2300348","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"25 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139448539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2299411
Xianghe Zheng, Jianyou Zhou, Pan Jia, Zheng Zhong
{"title":"The rate dependence of the dielectric strength of dielectric elastomers","authors":"Xianghe Zheng, Jianyou Zhou, Pan Jia, Zheng Zhong","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2299411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2299411","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"136 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2296901
Jia Liu, Yong Ma, Wanjie Ren, Fei Pan, Shu Guo, Yuli Chen, Bin Ding
{"title":"Multi-stable straw-like carbon nanotubes for mechanical programmability at microscale","authors":"Jia Liu, Yong Ma, Wanjie Ren, Fei Pan, Shu Guo, Yuli Chen, Bin Ding","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2296901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2296901","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"50 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138949612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selective and asymmetric ion transport in covalent organic framework-based two-dimensional nanofluidic devices","authors":"Li-Qiu Huang, Shuang Chen, Ri-Jian Mo, Zhong-Qiu Li, Xing-Hua Xia","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2288954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2288954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2271584
Hai Zhou, Hongbin Fang, Zuolin Liu, Jian Xu
Active folding is a crucial requirement for practical applications of multi-stable origami structures. However, research on integrating active materials with origami structures to enable quick configuration switching and modulation of stability properties is still in its early stages. To advance the state-of-the-art, we designed a coupled structure comprising a stacked Miura-origami (SMO) structure and two Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators. One actuator is used for extruding the SMO structure while the other is used for retracting, thereby realizing bidirectional reversible active folding of the coupled structure. Modeling the potential energy of the coupled structure shows that it can be switched between monostable and bistable by heating the SMA actuators. The above findings are also confirmed by experiments conducted on a delicate SMO-SMA coupled structure prototype. The activation of different actuators induces rapid configuration switching of the coupled structure, and the stability profile is qualitatively adjusted by designing the current loading profile to achieve steady-state temperature fluctuations. Overall, this study provides a new approach to coupling origami structures with smart materials for active folding and presents a novel method to regulate the stability property of origami structures, thus promoting their practical applications.
{"title":"SMA-origami coupling: online configuration switches and stability property modulation","authors":"Hai Zhou, Hongbin Fang, Zuolin Liu, Jian Xu","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2271584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2271584","url":null,"abstract":"Active folding is a crucial requirement for practical applications of multi-stable origami structures. However, research on integrating active materials with origami structures to enable quick configuration switching and modulation of stability properties is still in its early stages. To advance the state-of-the-art, we designed a coupled structure comprising a stacked Miura-origami (SMO) structure and two Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) actuators. One actuator is used for extruding the SMO structure while the other is used for retracting, thereby realizing bidirectional reversible active folding of the coupled structure. Modeling the potential energy of the coupled structure shows that it can be switched between monostable and bistable by heating the SMA actuators. The above findings are also confirmed by experiments conducted on a delicate SMO-SMA coupled structure prototype. The activation of different actuators induces rapid configuration switching of the coupled structure, and the stability profile is qualitatively adjusted by designing the current loading profile to achieve steady-state temperature fluctuations. Overall, this study provides a new approach to coupling origami structures with smart materials for active folding and presents a novel method to regulate the stability property of origami structures, thus promoting their practical applications.","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136160015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2261777
Yuhao Liu, Weikang Xian, Jinlong He, Ying Li
In polymer physics, the concept of entanglement refers to the topological constraints between long polymer chains that are closely packed together. Both theory and experimentation suggest that entanglement has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of polymers. This indicates its promise for materials design across various applications. However, understanding the relationship between entanglement and mechanical properties is complex, especially due to challenges related to length scale constraints and the difficulties of direct experimental observation. This research delves into how the polymer network structure changes when deformed. We specifically examine the relationship between entanglement, crosslinked networks, and their roles in stretching both entangled and unentangled polymer systems. For unentangled polymers, our findings underscore the pivotal role of crosslinking bond strength in determining the system’s overall strength and resistance to deformation. As for entangled polymers, entanglement plays a pivotal role in load bearing during the initial stretching stage, preserving the integrity of the polymer network. As the stretching continues and entanglement diminishes, the responsibility for bearing the load increasingly shifts to the crosslinking network, signifying a critical change in the system’s behavior. We noted a linear correlation between the increase in entanglement and the rise in tensile stress during the initial stretching stage. Conversely, the destruction of the network correlates with a decrease in tensile stress in the later stage. The findings provide vital insights into the complex dynamics between entanglement and crosslinking in the stretching processes of polymer networks, offering valuable guidance for future manipulation and design of polymer materials to achieve desired mechanical properties.
{"title":"Interplay between entanglement and crosslinking in determining mechanical behaviors of polymer networks","authors":"Yuhao Liu, Weikang Xian, Jinlong He, Ying Li","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2261777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2261777","url":null,"abstract":"In polymer physics, the concept of entanglement refers to the topological constraints between long polymer chains that are closely packed together. Both theory and experimentation suggest that entanglement has a significant influence on the mechanical properties of polymers. This indicates its promise for materials design across various applications. However, understanding the relationship between entanglement and mechanical properties is complex, especially due to challenges related to length scale constraints and the difficulties of direct experimental observation. This research delves into how the polymer network structure changes when deformed. We specifically examine the relationship between entanglement, crosslinked networks, and their roles in stretching both entangled and unentangled polymer systems. For unentangled polymers, our findings underscore the pivotal role of crosslinking bond strength in determining the system’s overall strength and resistance to deformation. As for entangled polymers, entanglement plays a pivotal role in load bearing during the initial stretching stage, preserving the integrity of the polymer network. As the stretching continues and entanglement diminishes, the responsibility for bearing the load increasingly shifts to the crosslinking network, signifying a critical change in the system’s behavior. We noted a linear correlation between the increase in entanglement and the rise in tensile stress during the initial stretching stage. Conversely, the destruction of the network correlates with a decrease in tensile stress in the later stage. The findings provide vital insights into the complex dynamics between entanglement and crosslinking in the stretching processes of polymer networks, offering valuable guidance for future manipulation and design of polymer materials to achieve desired mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid evolution of flexible electronic devices promises to revolutionize numerous fields by expanding the applications of smart devices. Nevertheless, despite this vast potential, the reliability of these innovative devices currently falls short, especially in light of demanding operation environment and the intrinsic challenges associated with their fabrication techniques. The heterogeneity in these processes and environments gives rise to unique failure modes throughout the devices’ lifespan. To significantly enhance the reliability of these devices and assure long-term performance, it is paramount to comprehend the underpinning failure mechanisms thoroughly, thereby enabling optimal design solutions. A myriad of investigative efforts have been dedicated to unravel these failure mechanisms, utilizing a spectrum of tools from analytical models, numerical methods, to advanced characterization methods. This review delves into the root causes of device failure, scrutinizing both the fabrication process and the operation environment. Next, We subsequently address the failure mechanisms across four commonly observed modes: strength failure, fatigue failure, interfacial failure, and electrical failure, followed by an overview of targeted characterization methods associated with each mechanism. Concluding with an outlook, we spotlight ongoing challenges and promising directions for future research in our pursuit of highly resilient flexible electronic devices.
{"title":"Failure mechanisms in flexible electronics","authors":"Zhehui Zhao, Haoran Fu, Ruitao Tang, Bocheng Zhang, Yunmin Chen, Jianqun Jiang","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2261775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2261775","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid evolution of flexible electronic devices promises to revolutionize numerous fields by expanding the applications of smart devices. Nevertheless, despite this vast potential, the reliability of these innovative devices currently falls short, especially in light of demanding operation environment and the intrinsic challenges associated with their fabrication techniques. The heterogeneity in these processes and environments gives rise to unique failure modes throughout the devices’ lifespan. To significantly enhance the reliability of these devices and assure long-term performance, it is paramount to comprehend the underpinning failure mechanisms thoroughly, thereby enabling optimal design solutions. A myriad of investigative efforts have been dedicated to unravel these failure mechanisms, utilizing a spectrum of tools from analytical models, numerical methods, to advanced characterization methods. This review delves into the root causes of device failure, scrutinizing both the fabrication process and the operation environment. Next, We subsequently address the failure mechanisms across four commonly observed modes: strength failure, fatigue failure, interfacial failure, and electrical failure, followed by an overview of targeted characterization methods associated with each mechanism. Concluding with an outlook, we spotlight ongoing challenges and promising directions for future research in our pursuit of highly resilient flexible electronic devices.","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135536376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-21DOI: 10.1080/19475411.2023.2257616
Shengyuan Zhang, Huangsan Wei, Jingda Tang
Hard magnetic soft robots have been widely used in biomedical engineering. In these applications, it is crucial to sense the movement of soft robots and their interaction with target objects. Here, we propose a strategy to fabricate a self-sensing bilayer actuator by combining magnetic and ionic conductive hydrogels. The magnetic hydrogel containing NdFeB particles exhibits rapid response to magnetic field and achieve bending deformation. Meanwhile, the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel with lithium chloride (LiCl) allows for the sensing of deformation. The bending behavior of the bilayer under magnetic field is well captured by theoretical and simulated models. Additionally, the bilayer strain sensor shows good sensitivity, stability and can endure a wide-range cyclic stretching (0–300%). These merits qualify the self-sensing actuator to monitor the motion signals, such as bending of fingers and grasping process of an intelligent gripper. When subject to an external magnetic field, the gripper can grab a cube and sense the resistance change simultaneously to detect the object size. This work may provide a versatile strategy to integrate actuating and self-sensing ability in soft robots.
{"title":"Self-sensing magnetic actuators of bilayer hydrogels","authors":"Shengyuan Zhang, Huangsan Wei, Jingda Tang","doi":"10.1080/19475411.2023.2257616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19475411.2023.2257616","url":null,"abstract":"Hard magnetic soft robots have been widely used in biomedical engineering. In these applications, it is crucial to sense the movement of soft robots and their interaction with target objects. Here, we propose a strategy to fabricate a self-sensing bilayer actuator by combining magnetic and ionic conductive hydrogels. The magnetic hydrogel containing NdFeB particles exhibits rapid response to magnetic field and achieve bending deformation. Meanwhile, the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel with lithium chloride (LiCl) allows for the sensing of deformation. The bending behavior of the bilayer under magnetic field is well captured by theoretical and simulated models. Additionally, the bilayer strain sensor shows good sensitivity, stability and can endure a wide-range cyclic stretching (0–300%). These merits qualify the self-sensing actuator to monitor the motion signals, such as bending of fingers and grasping process of an intelligent gripper. When subject to an external magnetic field, the gripper can grab a cube and sense the resistance change simultaneously to detect the object size. This work may provide a versatile strategy to integrate actuating and self-sensing ability in soft robots.","PeriodicalId":48516,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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