Pub Date : 2025-12-27DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100748
Benyou Li , Mingdong Dong , Qiang Li
Superlubricity offers a pathway to dramatically extend the service life of mechanical components and reduce energy consumption. However, achieving macroscale superlubricity with liquid lubricants on metals remains a major challenge. In this study, we address this by synthesizing partially oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets (O-MXene) via a facile aqueous oxidation process and dispersing them in squalane as a lubricant additive. Tribological tests demonstrate that the O-MXene-squalane oil can trigger macroscale superlubricity (μ ≈ 0.003) for a steel-steel tribopair under high contact pressure (>500 MPa) and sliding speed (>0.7 m/s), with minimal wear. Analysis of the friction interface using scanning electron microscopy, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that a force-thermal coupling effect promotes the decomposition of both O-MXene and squalane. This process facilitates the in-situ formation of a robust tribofilm, primarily composed of titanium oxides, amorphous carbon and residual hydrocarbon fragments, which separates surface asperities and provides ultralow shear strength. These findings offer new insights into tribochemical mechanisms and a promising strategy for implementing superlubricity in steel-based systems.
{"title":"Macroscale superlubricity under high pressure enabled by partially oxidized MXene nanosheets","authors":"Benyou Li , Mingdong Dong , Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superlubricity offers a pathway to dramatically extend the service life of mechanical components and reduce energy consumption. However, achieving macroscale superlubricity with liquid lubricants on metals remains a major challenge. In this study, we address this by synthesizing partially oxidized Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub><em>x</em></sub> MXene nanosheets (O-MXene) via a facile aqueous oxidation process and dispersing them in squalane as a lubricant additive. Tribological tests demonstrate that the O-MXene-squalane oil can trigger macroscale superlubricity (μ ≈ 0.003) for a steel-steel tribopair under high contact pressure (>500 MPa) and sliding speed (>0.7 m/s), with minimal wear. Analysis of the friction interface using scanning electron microscopy, cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicates that a force-thermal coupling effect promotes the decomposition of both O-MXene and squalane. This process facilitates the <em>in-situ</em> formation of a robust tribofilm, primarily composed of titanium oxides, amorphous carbon and residual hydrocarbon fragments, which separates surface asperities and provides ultralow shear strength. These findings offer new insights into tribochemical mechanisms and a promising strategy for implementing superlubricity in steel-based systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100748"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100747
Ramya Ravichandran, Sundaravadivel Elumalai
In trend, water purification and energy demands are the major global crises impacting the world today. To address these challenges, many researchers are developing new materials; as a result the potential of nanocomposites has captured the attention of scientists. In this study, we take a step forward by developing a green synthesis approach for producing a trimetallic nano-core shell composite (TMNC) through an environmentally friendly method, a solid-state manual grinding technique, which eliminates the need for toxic solvents in the synthesis process. CAD/OP anchors the nanoparticles (NPs) formation and for the reduction of the metallic ions. The as-crafted TMNC had been characterized via several analytical instruments such as, XRD, UV–vis, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, VSM, XPS and NMR analysis. The large number of available vacant sites in the TMNC, it can adsorb the molecules on the surface helps in forming the C-C bond making reactions. In addition, this also helpful in the photo-degradation of pharma-wastes as Doxycycline (DY), Paracetamol (PT) hikes up to 91 % and 88 % correspondingly. Using sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as a hydrogen source, the synthesized TMNC is efficient in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This catalyst could be readily scaled up to produce gram-scale material which was prepared with energy-efficient method. Overall, the as-crafted TMNC flagged a promising material for versatile applications and it provokes a way for the advancement in the heterogenous catalysis and other organic conversion reactions.
{"title":"Solid-state Tri-nano Spheres: An adsorbate for coupling reactions and pharma-waste treatment","authors":"Ramya Ravichandran, Sundaravadivel Elumalai","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In trend, water purification and energy demands are the major global crises impacting the world today. To address these challenges, many researchers are developing new materials; as a result the potential of nanocomposites has captured the attention of scientists. In this study, we take a step forward by developing a green synthesis approach for producing a trimetallic nano-core shell composite (TMNC) through an environmentally friendly method, a solid-state manual grinding technique, which eliminates the need for toxic solvents in the synthesis process. CAD/OP anchors the nanoparticles (NPs) formation and for the reduction of the metallic ions. The as-crafted TMNC had been characterized via several analytical instruments such as, XRD, UV–vis, HR-TEM, FE-SEM, VSM, XPS and NMR analysis. The large number of available vacant sites in the TMNC, it can adsorb the molecules on the surface helps in forming the C-C bond making reactions. In addition, this also helpful in the photo-degradation of pharma-wastes as Doxycycline (DY), Paracetamol (PT) hikes up to 91 % and 88 % correspondingly. Using sodium borohydride (NaBH<sub>4</sub>) as a hydrogen source, the synthesized TMNC is efficient in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol. This catalyst could be readily scaled up to produce gram-scale material which was prepared with energy-efficient method. Overall, the as-crafted TMNC flagged a promising material for versatile applications and it provokes a way for the advancement in the heterogenous catalysis and other organic conversion reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100746
Shivtej M. Mane , Amit A. Bagade , Kasturi A. Rokade , Sumedh S. Mahajan , Pooja D. Halagale , Sharmili A. Surve , Pooja P. Sonawane , Kiran A. Nirmal , A. Anto Jeffery , Young-Ho Ahn , Tae Geun Kim , Tukaram D. Dongale
Collagen is a biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymer with potential applications in bioelectronics; however, its poor electrical conductivity limits its use in electronic devices. To overcome this, we have composited the collagen with highly conducting 2D graphene and synthesized one-dimensional (1D) collagen-graphene nanofibers (Col-Gr NFs) by the electrospinning technique. These 1D NFs were utilized to emulate comprehensive neuroplasticity for neuromorphic computing applications, owing to their structural and functional similarities to biological neurons and synapses. The Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device shows good bipolar resistive switching within ±1 V. Moreover, the Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device shows excellent cycle stability (15,000 cycles) and memory retention (30,000 s) by switching between two memory states. The charge-flux analysis confirmed the device’s non-ideal memristive behaviour. The switching variability was assessed using different statistical techniques. The device emulates key synaptic behaviours, including potentiation, depression, excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents (EPSC/IPSC), paired-pulse facilitation and depression (PPF/PPD), and two types of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) rules. Importantly, the Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device exhibited complete degradation in aqueous conditions, confirming its physically transient nature. This work demonstrates the promising potential of Col-Gr composite NFs as a novel material for sustainable artificial synaptic devices.
{"title":"Bio-organic collagen–graphene nanofiber synaptic device emulating neuroplasticity and spike-timing-dependent plasticity","authors":"Shivtej M. Mane , Amit A. Bagade , Kasturi A. Rokade , Sumedh S. Mahajan , Pooja D. Halagale , Sharmili A. Surve , Pooja P. Sonawane , Kiran A. Nirmal , A. Anto Jeffery , Young-Ho Ahn , Tae Geun Kim , Tukaram D. Dongale","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Collagen is a biocompatible and biodegradable biopolymer with potential applications in bioelectronics; however, its poor electrical conductivity limits its use in electronic devices. To overcome this, we have composited the collagen with highly conducting 2D graphene and synthesized one-dimensional (1D) collagen-graphene nanofibers (Col-Gr NFs) by the electrospinning technique. These 1D NFs were utilized to emulate comprehensive neuroplasticity for neuromorphic computing applications, owing to their structural and functional similarities to biological neurons and synapses. The Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device shows good bipolar resistive switching within ±1 V. Moreover, the Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device shows excellent cycle stability (15,000 cycles) and memory retention (30,000 s) by switching between two memory states. The charge-flux analysis confirmed the device’s non-ideal memristive behaviour. The switching variability was assessed using different statistical techniques. The device emulates key synaptic behaviours, including potentiation, depression, excitatory and inhibitory post-synaptic currents (EPSC/IPSC), paired-pulse facilitation and depression (PPF/PPD), and two types of spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) rules. Importantly, the Ag/Col-Gr NFs/FTO device exhibited complete degradation in aqueous conditions, confirming its physically transient nature. This work demonstrates the promising potential of Col-Gr composite NFs as a novel material for sustainable artificial synaptic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100743
Xinyu Mao , Shiwei Liu , Xinhao Li , Menghui Zhang , Peng Shen , Yaning Zhu , Xiaozhong Yang
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy globally. Its tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity and chemotherapy resistance compromise the efficacy of conventional treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy. This study developed a multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform by synthesizing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) via a modified Stöber method. The carboxylated MSN surface was sequentially loaded with metformin (Me), chlorin e6 (Ce6), and glucose oxidase (GOX), constructing an Me/Ce6@MSN-GOX (MCMG) nanosystem. The synthesized MSNs demonstrated excellent porosity, pore volume, and high loading capacity. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that MCMG reversed the Warburg effect via the AMPK/ACC/mTOR axis, reprogrammed tumor energy metabolism, and enhanced GOX-induced starvation therapy and Ce6-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). MCMG also alleviated TME hypoxia by suppressing HIF-1α expression, inducing an approximately 2-fold increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and culminating in a 71 % tumor inhibition rate in vivo. This platform integrated Me's metabolic regulation with Ce6-mediated PDT and GOX-driven starvation therapy to achieve synergistic CRC eradication. MCMG enables multifunctional theranostics through synergistic mechanisms (metabolic modulation, oxidative damage, and nutrient deprivation) coupled with fluorescence imaging capabilities, presenting a novel strategy for CRC treatment.
{"title":"Multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform: Metformin potentiates Ce6/GOX-based targeted synergistic therapy for colorectal cancer","authors":"Xinyu Mao , Shiwei Liu , Xinhao Li , Menghui Zhang , Peng Shen , Yaning Zhu , Xiaozhong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100743","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100743","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent malignancy globally. Its tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity and chemotherapy resistance compromise the efficacy of conventional treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy. This study developed a multifunctional nanotherapeutic platform by synthesizing mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) via a modified Stöber method. The carboxylated MSN surface was sequentially loaded with metformin (Me), chlorin e6 (Ce6), and glucose oxidase (GO<sub>X</sub>), constructing an Me/Ce6@MSN-GO<sub>X</sub> (MCMG) nanosystem. The synthesized MSNs demonstrated excellent porosity, pore volume, and high loading capacity. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that MCMG reversed the Warburg effect via the AMPK/ACC/mTOR axis, reprogrammed tumor energy metabolism, and enhanced GO<sub>X</sub>-induced starvation therapy and Ce6-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). MCMG also alleviated TME hypoxia by suppressing HIF-1α expression, inducing an approximately 2-fold increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and culminating in a 71 % tumor inhibition rate in vivo. This platform integrated Me's metabolic regulation with Ce6-mediated PDT and GO<sub>X</sub>-driven starvation therapy to achieve synergistic CRC eradication. MCMG enables multifunctional theranostics through synergistic mechanisms (metabolic modulation, oxidative damage, and nutrient deprivation) coupled with fluorescence imaging capabilities, presenting a novel strategy for CRC treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100743"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
How the interfacial thermal conduction of bilayer graphene (BLG) is affected by the interlayer coupling strength has not been fully elucidated yet. This study explores the influence of interlayer coupling on the in-plane and interfacial thermal properties of BLG. Four types of isotope-labeled BLG samples—transferred, annealed, twist, and AB-stacked—are fabricated, and Raman spectroscopy and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations are employed to investigate their thermal conductivities. The results show that as the interlayer coupling strength increases, the interfacial thermal conductance (G) of BLG gradually rises as well. Compared with transferred BLG, an annealing operation leads to a 74.2 % increase in G values, and twist BLG and AB-BLG show approximately four and five times increases, respectively. In contrast, the in-plane thermal conductivity (K) changes nonlinearly. NEMD simulations further reveal that stronger interlayer coupling leads to a greater reduction in K while linearly enhancing G. The vibrational density of state analysis indicates that interlayer coupling increases phonon scattering in the in-plane direction and promotes the contribution of low-frequency phonons to thermal conduction across the interface. These findings deepen the understanding of graphene's thermal properties and offer valuable guidance for optimizing the thermal management applications of 2D materials.
{"title":"Thermal properties of bilayer graphene influenced by interlayer coupling","authors":"Jiayuan Fang , Yang Zhang , Qiancheng Ren , Pei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How the interfacial thermal conduction of bilayer graphene (BLG) is affected by the interlayer coupling strength has not been fully elucidated yet. This study explores the influence of interlayer coupling on the in-plane and interfacial thermal properties of BLG. Four types of isotope-labeled BLG samples—transferred, annealed, twist, and AB-stacked—are fabricated, and Raman spectroscopy and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations are employed to investigate their thermal conductivities. The results show that as the interlayer coupling strength increases, the interfacial thermal conductance (<em>G</em>) of BLG gradually rises as well. Compared with transferred BLG, an annealing operation leads to a 74.2 % increase in <em>G</em> values, and twist BLG and AB-BLG show approximately four and five times increases, respectively. In contrast, the in-plane thermal conductivity (<em>K</em>) changes nonlinearly. NEMD simulations further reveal that stronger interlayer coupling leads to a greater reduction in <em>K</em> while linearly enhancing G. The vibrational density of state analysis indicates that interlayer coupling increases phonon scattering in the in-plane direction and promotes the contribution of low-frequency phonons to thermal conduction across the interface. These findings deepen the understanding of graphene's thermal properties and offer valuable guidance for optimizing the thermal management applications of 2D materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100744"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100742
Yao Ma , Chenlu Xiao , Jiaxuan Han , XiangMin Zhang , Xiaoya He , Jie Huang , Huiru Zhu , Chaoqi Liu , Yun Zhao , JinHua Cai
The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment critically influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. To counteract this, we developed cationic lipid nanobubbles (NBs) co-loaded with the sonosensitizer curcumin (CUR) and tumor-suppressive microRNA miR-15a-5p. This nanoplatform enables ultrasound-targeted delivery and real-time contrast-enhanced imaging. Upon ultrasound irradiation, CUR generated cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS; 46.87 % ± 5.34 % ROS-positive cells vs. 1.26 % ± 0.99 % controls), inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). Concurrently, miR-15a-5p directly targeted CD274 mRNA, suppressing PD-L1 protein expression on tumor cells. In tumor-bearing mice, the combined therapy (miR-15a-5p/CUR-NBs + US) significantly outperformed monotherapies, suppressing tumor growth and promoting apoptosis. This was accompanied by enhanced immune activation: increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) infiltration (10.90 % ± 0.61 % vs. 3.88 % ± 0.08 % in controls) with elevated target cell killing (32.27 % ± 2.95 % vs. 8.88 % ± 2.43 % in controls), and augmented natural killer (NK) cells cytotoxicity (57.34 % ± 6.43 %). The platform also potently remodeled the immunosuppressive tumor milieu by driving a phenotypic shift in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from the M2 to the M1 pole and by effectively reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Critically, the strategy demonstrated favorable biosafety, with no significant weight loss or organ toxicity observed. This theranostic platform effectively overcomes HCC immunosuppression by synergistically integrating sonodynamic therapy with miRNA-mediated immune reprogramming, offering a promising approach for advanced HCC.
免疫抑制肿瘤微环境严重影响肝细胞癌（HCC）的进展。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了阳离子脂质纳米泡（NBs），共负载了声敏剂姜黄素（CUR）和肿瘤抑制microRNA miR-15a-5p。这种纳米平台可以实现超声靶向递送和实时对比度增强成像。超声照射后，CUR产生细胞毒性活性氧（ROS， ROS阳性细胞46.87%±5.34%，对照组1.26%±0.99%），诱导免疫原性细胞死亡（ICD）。同时，miR-15a-5p直接靶向CD274 mRNA，抑制肿瘤细胞上PD-L1蛋白的表达。在荷瘤小鼠中，联合治疗（miR-15a-5p/ cur - nb + US）显著优于单一治疗，抑制肿瘤生长并促进细胞凋亡。这伴随着增强的免疫激活：细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（ctl）浸润增加（对照组为10.90%±0.61%，对照组为3.88%±0.08%），靶细胞杀伤增加（对照组为32.27%±2.95%，对照组为8.88%±2.43%），自然杀伤（NK）细胞毒性增强（57.34%±6.43%）。该平台还通过驱动肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（tam）从M2极向M1极的表型转变，并通过有效减少髓源性抑制细胞（MDSCs），有效地重塑了免疫抑制肿瘤环境。关键是，该策略显示出良好的生物安全性，没有观察到明显的体重减轻或器官毒性。该治疗平台通过将声动力治疗与mirna介导的免疫重编程协同结合，有效克服了HCC的免疫抑制，为晚期HCC提供了一种有前景的治疗方法。
{"title":"Synergistic nanobubble-mediated sonodynamic therapy and MicroRNA immunotherapy suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Yao Ma , Chenlu Xiao , Jiaxuan Han , XiangMin Zhang , Xiaoya He , Jie Huang , Huiru Zhu , Chaoqi Liu , Yun Zhao , JinHua Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment critically influences hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. To counteract this, we developed cationic lipid nanobubbles (NBs) co-loaded with the sonosensitizer curcumin (CUR) and tumor-suppressive microRNA miR-15a-5p. This nanoplatform enables ultrasound-targeted delivery and real-time contrast-enhanced imaging. Upon ultrasound irradiation, CUR generated cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS; 46.87 % ± 5.34 % ROS-positive cells vs. 1.26 % ± 0.99 % controls), inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD). Concurrently, miR-15a-5p directly targeted CD274 mRNA, suppressing PD-L1 protein expression on tumor cells. In tumor-bearing mice, the combined therapy (miR-15a-5p/CUR-NBs + US) significantly outperformed monotherapies, suppressing tumor growth and promoting apoptosis. This was accompanied by enhanced immune activation: increased cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) infiltration (10.90 % ± 0.61 % vs. 3.88 % ± 0.08 % in controls) with elevated target cell killing (32.27 % ± 2.95 % vs. 8.88 % ± 2.43 % in controls), and augmented natural killer (NK) cells cytotoxicity (57.34 % ± 6.43 %). The platform also potently remodeled the immunosuppressive tumor milieu by driving a phenotypic shift in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) from the M2 to the M1 pole and by effectively reducing myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). Critically, the strategy demonstrated favorable biosafety, with no significant weight loss or organ toxicity observed. This theranostic platform effectively overcomes HCC immunosuppression by synergistically integrating sonodynamic therapy with miRNA-mediated immune reprogramming, offering a promising approach for advanced HCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100742"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100741
Saddam Hussain, Hongzhi Liu
Highly connected three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant attention due to their structural complexity, stability, and vast potential for various functional applications. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) exhibits unique octahedral symmetry and poses significant challenges in constructing regular 3D frameworks due to the inherent flexibility and extensive motion of its cubane-type units. This study introduces two types highly connected 3D COFs, POSS-CTP and POSS-TZ, designed by integrating D4h-symmetric 8-nodal OAPS with D3h-symmetric 6-nodal hexa (4-formylphenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene (HAPCP) and 3 nodal C3h-symmetric 4,4′,4''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris (benzaldehyde) (TATA). The COFs' structure was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), computational simulations through Material Studio software, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), revealing remarkable topologies: [8 + 6]'' pdp'' net and 8 + 3 "the" Topology, which led to the formation of a mesoporous structure. The COFs exhibit good crystallinity, significant thermal and chemical stability, and well-defined porous structure, making them promising candidates for potential applications. Both materials demonstrate impressive photocatalytic production of H2O2 achieving 4730 μmol g−1 h−1 for POSS-TZ and 2155 μmol g−1 h−1 for POSS-CTP from pure water under visible light irradiation without using any sacrificial agent. This work presents a strategy for constructing highly connected 3D POSS-based COF architectures and their application in heterogeneous photocatalysis.
{"title":"Three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks based on silsesquioxane for photocatalytic H2O2 production","authors":"Saddam Hussain, Hongzhi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Highly connected three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained significant attention due to their structural complexity, stability, and vast potential for various functional applications. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) exhibits unique octahedral symmetry and poses significant challenges in constructing regular 3D frameworks due to the inherent flexibility and extensive motion of its cubane-type units. This study introduces two types highly connected 3D COFs, POSS-CTP and POSS-TZ, designed by integrating D<sub>4</sub>h-symmetric 8-nodal OAPS with D<sub>3</sub>h-symmetric 6-nodal hexa (4-formylphenoxy) cyclotriphosphazene (HAPCP) and 3 nodal C<sub>3</sub>h-symmetric 4,4′,4''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris (benzaldehyde) (TATA). The COFs' structure was characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), computational simulations through Material Studio software, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), revealing remarkable topologies: [8 + 6]'' pdp'' net and 8 + 3 \"the\" Topology, which led to the formation of a mesoporous structure. The COFs exhibit good crystallinity, significant thermal and chemical stability, and well-defined porous structure, making them promising candidates for potential applications. Both materials demonstrate impressive photocatalytic production of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> achieving 4730 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for POSS-TZ and 2155 μmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for POSS-CTP from pure water under visible light irradiation without using any sacrificial agent. This work presents a strategy for constructing highly connected 3D POSS-based COF architectures and their application in heterogeneous photocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100741"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100734
Binay P. Nayak , Wenjie Wang , Honghu Zhang , Benjamin M. Ocko , Alex Travesset , Surya K. Mallapragada , David Vaknin
Programmable assembly of nanoparticles into structures other than two-dimensional hexagonal lattices remains challenging. Assembling an open checkerboard or square lattice is harder to achieve compared to a close-packed hexagonal structure. Here, we introduce a unified, robust approach to assemble nanoparticles into a diverse family of two-dimensional superlattices at the liquid–air interface. Gold nanoparticles are grafted with pH-responsive, water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) chains terminating in COOH or end groups, enabling control over interparticle Coloumbic interactions, while the molecular weight of grafted polymer dictates its conformation. This combined control of charges and conformation enables crystallization into checkerboard, simple-square, and body-centered honeycomb superlattices. Furthermore, tuning the pH induces structural transitions between different lattice types. This approach opens new avenues for the fabrication of colloidal superstructures with tailored architectures.
{"title":"Electrostatically assembled open square and checkerboard superlattices","authors":"Binay P. Nayak , Wenjie Wang , Honghu Zhang , Benjamin M. Ocko , Alex Travesset , Surya K. Mallapragada , David Vaknin","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100734","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100734","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Programmable assembly of nanoparticles into structures other than two-dimensional hexagonal lattices remains challenging. Assembling an open checkerboard or square lattice is harder to achieve compared to a close-packed hexagonal structure. Here, we introduce a unified, robust approach to assemble nanoparticles into a diverse family of two-dimensional superlattices at the liquid–air interface. Gold nanoparticles are grafted with pH-responsive, water-soluble poly(ethylene glycol) chains terminating in <img>COOH or <figure><img></figure> end groups, enabling control over interparticle Coloumbic interactions, while the molecular weight of grafted polymer dictates its conformation. This combined control of charges and conformation enables crystallization into checkerboard, simple-square, and body-centered honeycomb superlattices. Furthermore, tuning the pH induces structural transitions between different lattice types. This approach opens new avenues for the fabrication of colloidal superstructures with tailored architectures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100734"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100738
Serhat Hacıibrahimoğlu , Esin Akbay Çetin , Burcu Gökçal Kapucu , İrem Yağmur Gök , Çiğdem Kip , Mustafa Polat , Mehmet Ali Onur , Ali Tuncel
A shape templating hydrothermal oxidation protocol was proposed for the synthesis of hollow, mesoporous manganese oxide nanospheres (H-MnOx NSs). H-MnOx NSs exhibited a photothermal conversion behavior and acted a multifunctional nanozyme behavior with peroxidase (POD)-like, oxidase (OD)-like and catalase (CAT)-like activities. CAT-like activity which was far superior with respect to the similar agents allowed fast oxygenation of tumor microenvironment for hypoxia relief and the enhancement of ROS production. A self-propelled nanomotor behavior was also observed due to the oxygen evolution from H2O2. Cu(II) loaded form of H-MnOx NSs (H-MnOx@Cu NSs) were obtained by direct interaction with Cu (II) cations. Effective generation of hydroxyl (●OH) and superoxide anion (O2−●) radicals by H-MnOx@Cu NSs were demonstrated by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. POD-like activity, ●OH generation rate and GSH depletion ability markedly increased by the attachment of Cu(II) cations onto H-MnOx NSs. Chlorine e6 (Ce6) loaded form of H-MnOx@Cu NSs (H-MnOx@Cu@Ce6 NSs) was evaluated as a synergistic therapy agent capable of generating 1O2, ●OH and O2−● radicals, and having photothermal, chemodynamic and photodynamic functions. T98G glioblastoma cell deaths higher than 90 % were achieved by the enhanced interaction of H-MnOx@Cu@Ce6 NSs with the cells induced by nanomotor function, the temperature elevation stemmed from photothermal conversion, and the enhancement of chemodynamic and photodynamic functions by both temperature elevation and O2 evolution. The effectiveness of H-MnOx@Cu@Ce6 NSs for the inhibition of proliferation and the migration of T98G cells was also demonstrated by scratch and TUNEL assays.
{"title":"A hollow mesoporous manganese oxide based multifunctional nanozyme with self-propelled nanomotor behavior and direct copper binding ability for synergistic therapy of glioblastoma with hypoxia alleviation","authors":"Serhat Hacıibrahimoğlu , Esin Akbay Çetin , Burcu Gökçal Kapucu , İrem Yağmur Gök , Çiğdem Kip , Mustafa Polat , Mehmet Ali Onur , Ali Tuncel","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100738","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100738","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A shape templating hydrothermal oxidation protocol was proposed for the synthesis of hollow, mesoporous manganese oxide nanospheres (H-MnO<sub>x</sub> NSs). H-MnO<sub>x</sub> NSs exhibited a photothermal conversion behavior and acted a multifunctional nanozyme behavior with peroxidase (POD)-like, oxidase (OD)-like and catalase (CAT)-like activities. CAT-like activity which was far superior with respect to the similar agents allowed fast oxygenation of tumor microenvironment for hypoxia relief and the enhancement of ROS production. A self-propelled nanomotor behavior was also observed due to the oxygen evolution from H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Cu(II) loaded form of H-MnO<sub>x</sub> NSs (H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu NSs) were obtained by direct interaction with Cu (II) cations. Effective generation of hydroxyl (●OH) and superoxide anion (O<sub>2</sub><sup>−●</sup>) radicals by H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu NSs were demonstrated by Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. POD-like activity, <sub>●</sub>OH generation rate and GSH depletion ability markedly increased by the attachment of Cu(II) cations onto H-MnO<sub>x</sub> NSs. Chlorine e6 (Ce6) loaded form of H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu NSs (H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu@Ce6 NSs) was evaluated as a synergistic therapy agent capable of generating <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub>, <sub>●</sub>OH and O<sub>2</sub><sup>−●</sup> radicals, and having photothermal, chemodynamic and photodynamic functions. T98G glioblastoma cell deaths higher than 90 % were achieved by the enhanced interaction of H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu@Ce6 NSs with the cells induced by nanomotor function, the temperature elevation stemmed from photothermal conversion, and the enhancement of chemodynamic and photodynamic functions by both temperature elevation and O<sub>2</sub> evolution. The effectiveness of H-MnO<sub>x</sub>@Cu@Ce6 NSs for the inhibition of proliferation and the migration of T98G cells was also demonstrated by scratch and TUNEL assays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100738"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100740
Shijie Wu , Zipeng Xing , Manliang Guo , Pingping Liu , Xinyue Liu , Zhenzi Li , Wei Zhou
Hollow core-shell nanorods S-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated by loading ZnIn2S4 (ZIM) with gradient sulfur vacancies onto NiFe-LDH (NFH) derived from MIL-88A. The optimal heterojunction photocatalyst ZIM/NFH (NFZ-M) demonstrates a high rate of hydrogen generation in pure water of 3.27 mmol g−1 h−1, roughly six times that of ZnIn2S4. NFZ-M also achieves a high tetracycline degradation efficiency of 99.1 % within 90 min of exposure to light. The development of the S-scheme heterojunction and hollow core-shell structure may be responsible for the superior photocatalytic performance, favoring spatial charge separation, forming internal electric field, and providing adequate surface active sites. Furthermore, strong evidence for creation of the S-scheme electron transfer pathway is provided by the analysis of carrier dynamics using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. This work offers a feasible strategy for regulating S-vacancies and offers new insights for future heterojunction design to achieve high-efficient photocatalysts.
{"title":"Hollow core-shell nanorods S-scheme heterojunctions with gradient sulfur vacancies toward optimized photocatalytic performance","authors":"Shijie Wu , Zipeng Xing , Manliang Guo , Pingping Liu , Xinyue Liu , Zhenzi Li , Wei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hollow core-shell nanorods S-scheme heterojunctions are fabricated by loading ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub> (ZIM) with gradient sulfur vacancies onto NiFe-LDH (NFH) derived from MIL-88A. The optimal heterojunction photocatalyst ZIM/NFH (NFZ-M) demonstrates a high rate of hydrogen generation in pure water of 3.27 mmol g<sup>−1</sup> h<sup>−1</sup>, roughly six times that of ZnIn<sub>2</sub>S<sub>4</sub>. NFZ-M also achieves a high tetracycline degradation efficiency of 99.1 % within 90 min of exposure to light. The development of the S-scheme heterojunction and hollow core-shell structure may be responsible for the superior photocatalytic performance, favoring spatial charge separation, forming internal electric field, and providing adequate surface active sites. Furthermore, strong evidence for creation of the S-scheme electron transfer pathway is provided by the analysis of carrier dynamics using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. This work offers a feasible strategy for regulating S-vacancies and offers new insights for future heterojunction design to achieve high-efficient photocatalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"33 ","pages":"Article 100740"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号