Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100595
Chunxin Diao , Chenglong Li , Yunxue Sun , Xiaoyu Wang , Meng Gao , Xingshuang Zhang , Dongwei Li , Yong Li , Guanchen Xu , Jing Yu
The controlled synthesis of high-quality and sensitive substrates is critical for promoting surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection technology. As a member of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MoS2 possesses an unique electronic state and energy band structure, making it a promising candidate for potential SERS substrates based on chemical enhancement mechanisms. However, its application in SERS applications remains limited by a rich fluorescence background and a low density of states (DOS) near the Fermi energy level. Thus, optimizing the MoS2 structure to improve SERS performance is critical. In this study, MoS2 nanobelts were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with hydrothermal MoO3 as the precursors. The resulting morphology of these strips was characterized by vertically aligned edges. The designed structure showed excellent SERS signal with a detection limit of 10−7 M and enhancement factor (EF) of 1.1 × 104 when probing with R6G, thus providing a low-cost and high-performance substrate material for SERS applications.
{"title":"Multi-edge vertically aligned MoS2 as a SERS-enhanced substrate","authors":"Chunxin Diao , Chenglong Li , Yunxue Sun , Xiaoyu Wang , Meng Gao , Xingshuang Zhang , Dongwei Li , Yong Li , Guanchen Xu , Jing Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100595","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The controlled synthesis of high-quality and sensitive substrates is critical for promoting surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection technology. As a member of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), MoS<sub>2</sub> possesses an unique electronic state and energy band structure, making it a promising candidate for potential SERS substrates based on chemical enhancement mechanisms. However, its application in SERS applications remains limited by a rich fluorescence background and a low density of states (DOS) near the Fermi energy level. Thus, optimizing the MoS<sub>2</sub> structure to improve SERS performance is critical. In this study, MoS<sub>2</sub> nanobelts were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with hydrothermal MoO<sub>3</sub> as the precursors. The resulting morphology of these strips was characterized by vertically aligned edges. The designed structure showed excellent SERS signal with a detection limit of 10<sup>−7</sup> M and enhancement factor (EF) of 1.1 × 10<sup>4</sup> when probing with R6G, thus providing a low-cost and high-performance substrate material for SERS applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143445332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100592
K.I. Litvinova, V.S. Polomskikh, A.A. Shibalova, A.V. Goryachev, G.A. Rudakov
The dependence of hafnium oxide stoichiometry from the water time in the thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) using TDMAH and water as reactant was shown. Non-stoichiometric hafnium oxide (HfOx) is observed over the entire range of water step time from 10 ms to 1000 ms. The HfOx formation is caused by interaction of hafnium oxide surface with organic products of ALD reactions during the layer growth. An increase in water exposure leads to growth in the proportion of redox reactions with water and a decrease in the proportion of redox reactions with hafnium oxide. This promotes a shift of the stoichiometry index x in the oxide composition HfOx towards higher values. Additionally, to competitive redox reactions with water and hafnium oxide the stoichiometry index change can be caused by the adsorption of carbon dioxide with the subsequent carbonates formation. Which in turn leads to a decrease in the catalytic ability of hafnium oxide and a decrease in redox reactions.
{"title":"Gas phase chemical thermodynamics calculation as a first step for understanding of non-stoichiometric HfOx formation mechanism in ALD","authors":"K.I. Litvinova, V.S. Polomskikh, A.A. Shibalova, A.V. Goryachev, G.A. Rudakov","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dependence of hafnium oxide stoichiometry from the water time in the thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) using TDMAH and water as reactant was shown. Non-stoichiometric hafnium oxide (HfO<sub>x</sub>) is observed over the entire range of water step time from 10 ms to 1000 ms. The HfO<sub>x</sub> formation is caused by interaction of hafnium oxide surface with organic products of ALD reactions during the layer growth. An increase in water exposure leads to growth in the proportion of redox reactions with water and a decrease in the proportion of redox reactions with hafnium oxide. This promotes a shift of the stoichiometry index x in the oxide composition HfO<sub>x</sub> towards higher values. Additionally, to competitive redox reactions with water and hafnium oxide the stoichiometry index change can be caused by the adsorption of carbon dioxide with the subsequent carbonates formation. Which in turn leads to a decrease in the catalytic ability of hafnium oxide and a decrease in redox reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100592"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100593
Sirsendu Ghosal , Sumana Paul , P.K. Giri
Recent advancements in metal-free semiconductor-based SERS substrates have attracted significant attention due to their ease of fabrication, tunable optical properties, and exceptional stability. Achieving metal-like SERS enhancement necessitates a detailed understanding of material engineering, particularly its impact on charge transfer mechanisms and dielectric properties. In this study, we demonstrate that Ni doping in sub-stoichiometric tungsten oxide (W18O49) nanoflowers substantially enhances its SERS sensitivity. This improvement is attributed to increased carrier generation and alterations in the electronic band structure, which promote the photoinduced charge transfer (PICT) process. We show that Ni doping shifts the energy requirement for PICT resonance from the UV to the visible-NIR region, enabling both molecular and PICT resonance under 632.8 nm laser excitation. This “coupled resonance” effect results in an exceptionally low detection limit of 10−10 M and an outstanding enhancement factor of 6.85 × 108 for the detection of Methylene Blue molecules, one of the highest reported for metal-free semiconductor-based SERS substrates. Additionally, the unique flower-like morphology of the material contributes significantly to electromagnetic (EM) enhancement, which is further amplified by the presence of Ni atoms. These findings are supported by finite element method (FEM) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, providing critical insights into the synergistic effects of structural and compositional tuning. This work offers a promising framework for the rational design of plasmon-free, cost-effective SERS substrates with outstanding enhancement factors, paving the way for advanced applications in molecular detection.
{"title":"Enhanced charge transfer and coupled resonance in Ni-doped sub-stoichiometric tungsten oxide nanostructure for plasmon-free SERS sensing","authors":"Sirsendu Ghosal , Sumana Paul , P.K. Giri","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in metal-free semiconductor-based SERS substrates have attracted significant attention due to their ease of fabrication, tunable optical properties, and exceptional stability. Achieving metal-like SERS enhancement necessitates a detailed understanding of material engineering, particularly its impact on charge transfer mechanisms and dielectric properties. In this study, we demonstrate that Ni doping in sub-stoichiometric tungsten oxide (W<sub>18</sub>O<sub>49</sub>) nanoflowers substantially enhances its SERS sensitivity. This improvement is attributed to increased carrier generation and alterations in the electronic band structure, which promote the photoinduced charge transfer (PICT) process. We show that Ni doping shifts the energy requirement for PICT resonance from the UV to the visible-NIR region, enabling both molecular and PICT resonance under 632.8 nm laser excitation. This “coupled resonance” effect results in an exceptionally low detection limit of 10<sup>−10</sup> M and an outstanding enhancement factor of 6.85 × 10<sup>8</sup> for the detection of Methylene Blue molecules, one of the highest reported for metal-free semiconductor-based SERS substrates. Additionally, the unique flower-like morphology of the material contributes significantly to electromagnetic (EM) enhancement, which is further amplified by the presence of Ni atoms. These findings are supported by finite element method (FEM) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, providing critical insights into the synergistic effects of structural and compositional tuning. This work offers a promising framework for the rational design of plasmon-free, cost-effective SERS substrates with outstanding enhancement factors, paving the way for advanced applications in molecular detection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100593"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rational manipulation of hierarchical microarchitecture engineering has emerged as a highly appealing approach to achieving exceptional electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance in carbon-based aerogel absorbers. However, inadequate interfacial engineering and impedance mismatch pose significant obstacles to optimizing EMW absorption, primarily due to the limitations in current construction strategies. Herein, multilevel heterogeneous carbon-based aerogels, Co/N-doped carbon nanosheets tightly anchored on reduced graphene oxide aerogel (CoNC/rGO), have been fabricated through in-situ growing interfacially ordered bimetallic Co/Zn-ZIF-L nanoarray on chitosan crosslinked graphene oxide aerogel (ZIF/CS-GO), followed by a pyrolysis process. The resultant CoNC/rGO aerogels exhibit a multilevel interfacial effect and a 3D interconnected dielectric network, leading to substantial enhancements in polarization loss and dielectric-magnetic coupling synergy, along with optimized impedance matching. Consequently, the optimized CoNC/rGO-3/1 and CoNC/rGO-1/1 aerogels demonstrate impressive EMW absorption performance, characterized by strong and broad absorption capabilities. Specifically, the maximum reflection loss (RL) values for CoNC/rGO-3/1 and CoNC/rGO-1/1 reached −56.6 dB at 2.4 mm and −58.1 dB at 3.1 mm, respectively. Additionally, these aerogels achieved broad effective absorption bandwidths (EAB) of 5.04 GHz and 4.56 GHz at a thickness of 1.8 mm, respectively. This work provides an effective and innovative strategy for developing of advanced EMW absorbers in carbon-based aerogels by rationally constructing multilevel heterogeneous interfaces, utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as foundational building blocks.
{"title":"Engineering hierarchical multilevel microstructures of CoNC/rGO aerogel originated from interfacially ordered ZIF-L nanosheet arrays for superior electromagnetic wave dissipation","authors":"Xueqing Xu, Qiyun Mu, Deshun Li, Hui Xi, Xiaorong Yang, Ziqiang Lei, Zhiwang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rational manipulation of hierarchical microarchitecture engineering has emerged as a highly appealing approach to achieving exceptional electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance in carbon-based aerogel absorbers. However, inadequate interfacial engineering and impedance mismatch pose significant obstacles to optimizing EMW absorption, primarily due to the limitations in current construction strategies. Herein, multilevel heterogeneous carbon-based aerogels, Co/N-doped carbon nanosheets tightly anchored on reduced graphene oxide aerogel (CoNC/rGO), have been fabricated through in-situ growing interfacially ordered bimetallic Co/Zn-ZIF-L nanoarray on chitosan crosslinked graphene oxide aerogel (ZIF/CS-GO), followed by a pyrolysis process. The resultant CoNC/rGO aerogels exhibit a multilevel interfacial effect and a 3D interconnected dielectric network, leading to substantial enhancements in polarization loss and dielectric-magnetic coupling synergy, along with optimized impedance matching. Consequently, the optimized CoNC/rGO-3/1 and CoNC/rGO-1/1 aerogels demonstrate impressive EMW absorption performance, characterized by strong and broad absorption capabilities. Specifically, the maximum reflection loss (RL) values for CoNC/rGO-3/1 and CoNC/rGO-1/1 reached −56.6 dB at 2.4 mm and −58.1 dB at 3.1 mm, respectively. Additionally, these aerogels achieved broad effective absorption bandwidths (EAB) of 5.04 GHz and 4.56 GHz at a thickness of 1.8 mm, respectively. This work provides an effective and innovative strategy for developing of advanced EMW absorbers in carbon-based aerogels by rationally constructing multilevel heterogeneous interfaces, utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as foundational building blocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100591"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143429691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100590
Jinsong Yang , Han Zhang , Ningjiang Hu , Fangju Zhu , Yong Zhang , Ming Yang , Pengcheng Li , Hui Li
With unique electrical properties and light weight characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted significant interest for thermoelectric (TE) applications. However, the self-aggregate and high thermal conductivity hinder the improvement of TE performance. Herein, we overview recent advances in the development of CNTs based organic TE composites, focusing on optimization strategies and the underlying mechanisms for the improvement of TE properties. The improvement of CNTs based organic TE composites are comprehensively overviewed from the perspective of dispersibility, doping engineering, and polymer incorporation. Additionally, the fabrication of the composites, composition regulating, morphology manipulation, fundamental studies for properties optimization, their TE properties, and device applications are emphasized. Finally, we present the challenges and prospects for the improvement of CNTs based organic TE composites, which paves a way for the applications of CNTs composites in sustainable energy harvesting systems.
{"title":"Recent advances in carbon nanotubes-based organic thermoelectric composites-a mini review","authors":"Jinsong Yang , Han Zhang , Ningjiang Hu , Fangju Zhu , Yong Zhang , Ming Yang , Pengcheng Li , Hui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With unique electrical properties and light weight characteristics, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted significant interest for thermoelectric (TE) applications. However, the self-aggregate and high thermal conductivity hinder the improvement of TE performance. Herein, we overview recent advances in the development of CNTs based organic TE composites, focusing on optimization strategies and the underlying mechanisms for the improvement of TE properties. The improvement of CNTs based organic TE composites are comprehensively overviewed from the perspective of dispersibility, doping engineering, and polymer incorporation. Additionally, the fabrication of the composites, composition regulating, morphology manipulation, fundamental studies for properties optimization, their TE properties, and device applications are emphasized. Finally, we present the challenges and prospects for the improvement of CNTs based organic TE composites, which paves a way for the applications of CNTs composites in sustainable energy harvesting systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100590"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143453541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100588
Yaoyi Li , Zexu Han , Beibei Zhan , Xiaosi Qi , Junfei Ding , Xiu Gong , Lei Wang , Wei Zhong
Biomass-derived carbon materials preserve the distinctive physicochemical architecture of their biological precursors, offering the benefits of ready availability and eco-friendliness, which renders them favored candidates in the realm of microwave absorption. Herein, a continuous cryodesiccation, soaking and thermal treatment was employed to produce papaya seeds-derived CoNi/C magnetic biochar nanocomposites (MBNCs) consisting of CoNi nanoparticles and carbon layers. By increasing the concentration of Co and Ni sources, progressively large size and enhanced content of CoNi nanoparticles could be produced in the obtained CoNi/C MBNCs. Additionally, the increased degree of graphitization for CoNi/C MBNCs were also acquired by raising the calcination temperature from 700 to 900 °C. Owing to excellent magnetic-dielectric synergies, all the acquired CoNi/C MBNCs presented very extraordinary microwave absorption properties. Especially, the optimized CoNi/C MBNCs presented an effective absorption band of 7.40 GHz and a minimum reflection loss of −59.90 dB, corresponding to thin matching thicknesses of 1.84 mm and 1.76 mm, respectively. To sum up, a straightforward, economical and reproducible biomass-derived strategy was proposed to synthesize CoNi/C MBNCs, which could be acted as a desirable lightweight efficient microwave absorber.
{"title":"Papaya seeds-derived CoNi/C magnetic biochar nanocomposites for strong microwave absorption and ultra-wide bandwidth","authors":"Yaoyi Li , Zexu Han , Beibei Zhan , Xiaosi Qi , Junfei Ding , Xiu Gong , Lei Wang , Wei Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomass-derived carbon materials preserve the distinctive physicochemical architecture of their biological precursors, offering the benefits of ready availability and eco-friendliness, which renders them favored candidates in the realm of microwave absorption. Herein, a continuous cryodesiccation, soaking and thermal treatment was employed to produce papaya seeds-derived CoNi/C magnetic biochar nanocomposites (MBNCs) consisting of CoNi nanoparticles and carbon layers. By increasing the concentration of Co and Ni sources, progressively large size and enhanced content of CoNi nanoparticles could be produced in the obtained CoNi/C MBNCs. Additionally, the increased degree of graphitization for CoNi/C MBNCs were also acquired by raising the calcination temperature from 700 to 900 °C. Owing to excellent magnetic-dielectric synergies, all the acquired CoNi/C MBNCs presented very extraordinary microwave absorption properties. Especially, the optimized CoNi/C MBNCs presented an effective absorption band of 7.40 GHz and a minimum reflection loss of −59.90 dB, corresponding to thin matching thicknesses of 1.84 mm and 1.76 mm, respectively. To sum up, a straightforward, economical and reproducible biomass-derived strategy was proposed to synthesize CoNi/C MBNCs, which could be acted as a desirable lightweight efficient microwave absorber.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100588"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143421100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100587
Haipeng Xiang , Yi Liu , Yixuan Liu , Erdun Su , Xiaolei Su
Thermal conductive and microwave absorbing materials are important for addressing electromagnetic radiation and heat accumulation in electronic devices. In this study, ZnO@FeSiAl composite powders with different morphologies were synthesized using three routes. These powders were added to silicone rubber to prepare thermal conductive and microwave absorbing composites. The study explores the effect of different morphologies of ZnO@FeSiAl on the wave-absorbing performance of silicone rubber. XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO powders. SEM revealed that ZnO particles were uniformly distributed on the FeSiAl surface. The mixed ZnO@FeSiAl silicone rubber had the highest tensile strength and elongation, with a tensile strength of 3.67 MPa and an elongation at a break of 40.75 %. The network shaped ZnO@FeSiAl silicone rubber had the highest thermal conductivity and electromagnetic parameters, with a thermal conductivity of 1.65 W/(m·K). The synergetic effect between ZnO and FeSiAl achieved a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −71.38 dB at 8.23 GHz for the composite with a thickness of 2.8 mm. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covered the entire X-band. The introduction of a frequency selective surface (FSS) shifted the absorption peak of the silicone rubber to a lower frequency, moving significantly from 12.08 GHz to 8.47 GHz. This work helps to address the problems of heat accumulation and electromagnetic pollution in electronic devices.
{"title":"Electromagnetic wave absorbing properties of flexible thermal conductive ZnO@FeSiAl silicone rubber","authors":"Haipeng Xiang , Yi Liu , Yixuan Liu , Erdun Su , Xiaolei Su","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100587","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100587","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal conductive and microwave absorbing materials are important for addressing electromagnetic radiation and heat accumulation in electronic devices. In this study, ZnO@FeSiAl composite powders with different morphologies were synthesized using three routes. These powders were added to silicone rubber to prepare thermal conductive and microwave absorbing composites. The study explores the effect of different morphologies of ZnO@FeSiAl on the wave-absorbing performance of silicone rubber. XRD confirmed the successful synthesis of ZnO powders. SEM revealed that ZnO particles were uniformly distributed on the FeSiAl surface. The mixed ZnO@FeSiAl silicone rubber had the highest tensile strength and elongation, with a tensile strength of 3.67 MPa and an elongation at a break of 40.75 %. The network shaped ZnO@FeSiAl silicone rubber had the highest thermal conductivity and electromagnetic parameters, with a thermal conductivity of 1.65 W/(m·K). The synergetic effect between ZnO and FeSiAl achieved a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of −71.38 dB at 8.23 GHz for the composite with a thickness of 2.8 mm. The effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covered the entire X-band. The introduction of a frequency selective surface (FSS) shifted the absorption peak of the silicone rubber to a lower frequency, moving significantly from 12.08 GHz to 8.47 GHz. This work helps to address the problems of heat accumulation and electromagnetic pollution in electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100587"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Designing and fabricating a low-reflection electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials possess a critical significance in the field of military. Hence, a gradient-structured polyimide nonwoven fabric is successfully fabricated by in-situ electrospinning, chemical imidization, single-sided alkali treatment, and liquid metal (LM) spraying process. Thermally expandable microspheres (EM), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and iron flakes (ZAF-5) are in-situ introduced into polyimide (PI) nonwoven fabric (PMCZ). The presence of CNT and ZAF-5 endows composite with excellent electromagnetic dissipation characteristics. Single-sided alkali treatment promotes liquid metal to spread on the surface of PI fiber. As a result, an excellent impedance gradient structure can be constructed, inducing more EMW enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Specifically, an effective thermal stimulation of EM facilitates the further optimization of impedance gradient matching characteristic, bringing intelligent adjustable EMI shielding performance with an ultralow reflection coefficient of 0.24. Additionally, the formation of fluffier free-space structure of PMCZ and the low infrared emissivity of LM synergistically endow it with an excellent high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance. As a consequence, such intelligent adjustable low-reflection EMI shielding and infrared stealth performance make it promising to be applied in military tents.
{"title":"Gradient-structured polyimide nonwoven fabrics for intelligent adjustable low-reflection electromagnetic interference shielding","authors":"Xinwei Tang , Hongmiao Gao , Xu Zhao , Kaixin Lai, Shuangshuang Li, Mingyang Zhu, Zicheng Wang, Tianxi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing and fabricating a low-reflection electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials possess a critical significance in the field of military. Hence, a gradient-structured polyimide nonwoven fabric is successfully fabricated by in-situ electrospinning, chemical imidization, single-sided alkali treatment, and liquid metal (LM) spraying process. Thermally expandable microspheres (EM), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and iron flakes (ZAF-5) are in-situ introduced into polyimide (PI) nonwoven fabric (PMCZ). The presence of CNT and ZAF-5 endows composite with excellent electromagnetic dissipation characteristics. Single-sided alkali treatment promotes liquid metal to spread on the surface of PI fiber. As a result, an excellent impedance gradient structure can be constructed, inducing more EMW enter the composite and be dissipated as much as possible. Specifically, an effective thermal stimulation of EM facilitates the further optimization of impedance gradient matching characteristic, bringing intelligent adjustable EMI shielding performance with an ultralow reflection coefficient of 0.24. Additionally, the formation of fluffier free-space structure of PMCZ and the low infrared emissivity of LM synergistically endow it with an excellent high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance. As a consequence, such intelligent adjustable low-reflection EMI shielding and infrared stealth performance make it promising to be applied in military tents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143376574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100589
Huipeng Lv , Mi Yan , Chen Wu
Magnetic alloys are indispensable for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption with simultaneous dielectric and magnetic loss, while balancing their permittivity and permeability is challenging. Here in-plane anisotropy has been introduced via Prussian-blue analogue (PBA) derived FeNi nanoflakes and further modulated through magnetic-field orientation. The tuned anisotropy verified by COMSOL simulations gives rise to both descendant permittivity and ascendant permeability for improved impedance matching. Meanwhile, large aspect ratio and uniform distribution of the FeNi nanoflakes result in enhanced exchange resonance for raised dissipation ability of the EM energy. As such the oriented FeNi nanoflakes exhibit impressive absorption of −44.3 dB and broad bandwidth of 7.20 GHz at a small thickness of 2.00 mm as a single-component absorber. Not only this work provides a versatile PBA-template strategy to synthesize flaky magnetic alloys with small thickness and uniform shape, enhancement mechanisms via anisotropy engineering revealed by combined experimental and simulative approaches also shed light on the future design of EM functional materials.
{"title":"Anisotropy engineering of Prussian blue analogue derived FeNi nanoflakes for broadband electromagnetic wave absorption","authors":"Huipeng Lv , Mi Yan , Chen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnetic alloys are indispensable for electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption with simultaneous dielectric and magnetic loss, while balancing their permittivity and permeability is challenging. Here in-plane anisotropy has been introduced via Prussian-blue analogue (PBA) derived FeNi nanoflakes and further modulated through magnetic-field orientation. The tuned anisotropy verified by COMSOL simulations gives rise to both descendant permittivity and ascendant permeability for improved impedance matching. Meanwhile, large aspect ratio and uniform distribution of the FeNi nanoflakes result in enhanced exchange resonance for raised dissipation ability of the EM energy. As such the oriented FeNi nanoflakes exhibit impressive absorption of −44.3 dB and broad bandwidth of 7.20 GHz at a small thickness of 2.00 mm as a single-component absorber. Not only this work provides a versatile PBA-template strategy to synthesize flaky magnetic alloys with small thickness and uniform shape, enhancement mechanisms via anisotropy engineering revealed by combined experimental and simulative approaches also shed light on the future design of EM functional materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100589"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100585
Jiarui Zhao , Zhen Wang , Hongwei Wang , Xinyi Cheng , Chang Yan , Panbo Liu
The strategic design of eco-friendly prussian blue (PB) materials is essential for their effective application in both microwave absorption (MA) and organic dye adsorption. In this study, a one-pot selenization heat treatment method is utilized to synthesize Se-coated Co-PB (Se/PB) composites with a distinctive “fish tofu” structure. The incorporation of selenium promotes the formation of CoSe₂ on the surface of Co-PB, which in turn catalyzes the pyrolysis of Co-PB, resulting in the formation of small-sized C-CoSe₂ nanoparticles. This distinctive “fish tofu” morphology plays a crucial role in enhancing the multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic waves (EMW). Additionally, the dipole polarization and interfacial effects, induced by the internal defects in C-CoSe₂ during the selenization process, further improve impedance matching. Among the composites, Se/PB-600 demonstrates a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of −70.56 dB, while Se/PB-300 achieves a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EABmax) of 6.72 GHz, representing a 630.11 % enhancement in RLmin compared to pristine Co-PB. Furthermore, the porous structure of the “fish tofu” morphology significantly improves methylene blue adsorption, reaching equilibrium within 600 min and attaining a maximum adsorption capacity of 39.85 mg/g. This dual-functional approach not only broadens the potential applications of PB in MA but also provides valuable insights into the design of high-performance bifunctional microwave absorption materials.
{"title":"Fish Tofu-structured Se/prussian blue derived composites for exceptional microwave absorption","authors":"Jiarui Zhao , Zhen Wang , Hongwei Wang , Xinyi Cheng , Chang Yan , Panbo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mtnano.2025.100585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The strategic design of eco-friendly prussian blue (PB) materials is essential for their effective application in both microwave absorption (MA) and organic dye adsorption. In this study, a one-pot selenization heat treatment method is utilized to synthesize Se-coated Co-PB (Se/PB) composites with a distinctive “fish tofu” structure. The incorporation of selenium promotes the formation of CoSe₂ on the surface of Co-PB, which in turn catalyzes the pyrolysis of Co-PB, resulting in the formation of small-sized C-CoSe₂ nanoparticles. This distinctive “fish tofu” morphology plays a crucial role in enhancing the multiple reflections and scattering of electromagnetic waves (EMW). Additionally, the dipole polarization and interfacial effects, induced by the internal defects in C-CoSe₂ during the selenization process, further improve impedance matching. Among the composites, Se/PB-600 demonstrates a minimum reflection loss (RL<sub>min</sub>) of −70.56 dB, while Se/PB-300 achieves a maximum effective absorption bandwidth (EAB<sub>max</sub>) of 6.72 GHz, representing a 630.11 % enhancement in RL<sub>min</sub> compared to pristine Co-PB. Furthermore, the porous structure of the “fish tofu” morphology significantly improves methylene blue adsorption, reaching equilibrium within 600 min and attaining a maximum adsorption capacity of 39.85 mg/g. This dual-functional approach not only broadens the potential applications of PB in MA but also provides valuable insights into the design of high-performance bifunctional microwave absorption materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48517,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today Nano","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143387730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}