Agriculture-Basel最新文献

The Association of Socio-Economic Factors and Indigenous Crops on the Food Security Status of Farming Households in KwaZulu-Natal Province. 夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省农户的社会经济因素和本地作物对粮食安全状况的影响。

IF 3.3 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture14030415

Nomfundo Shelembe, Simphiwe Innocentia Hlatshwayo, Albert Modi, Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi, Mjabuliseni Simon Cloapas Ngidi

Indigenous crops have been proposed as part of a solution for household food security and sustainable farming systems. However, they have been overlooked and underutilised by households and farmers despite their potential contribution to household food security. The objective of this paper was to determine the association of socio-economic factors and indigenous crops with the household food security of farming households. About 260 farming households were selected using a simple random sampling procedure. The food security status was measured through the use of the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS). The Chi-square test and extended ordered probit regression model assessed the relationship of socio-economic factors and indigenous crops with household food security status. The results from the HFIAS showed that farming households were largely in the mildly and moderately food-insecure categories, with 34.2% and 36.2% of the sampled farmers found in these categories, respectively. The Chi-square test showed a statistically significant relationship between food security status and socio-economic factors. Young men and everyone were perceived to be the ones likely to consume indigenous crops. Consumption of indigenous crops was perceived to be associated with food security. The results also showed that farming experience is likely to positively contribute to the food security status of the farming households. Selling indigenous crops in a formal market is perceived to be associated with food security compared to selling in an informal market. This study concludes that consuming indigenous crops is likely associated with improved food security. Identifying an appropriate market for sales of indigenous crops is imperative. Government, extension officers, and nutritionists must conduct training workshops to encourage households to grow, market and buy indigenous crops. Government and policymakers need to include indigenous crops in the national food and nutrition security policy and create formal markets for indigenous crops.

本土作物已被提议作为家庭粮食安全和可持续耕作体系解决方案的一部分。然而，尽管本土作物对家庭粮食安全有潜在贡献，但却一直被家庭和农民忽视和利用不足。本文旨在确定社会经济因素和本土作物与农户家庭粮食安全的关系。本文采用简单随机抽样程序选取了约 260 户农户。粮食安全状况通过家庭粮食不安全状况量表（HFIAS）进行测量。卡方检验和扩展的有序概率回归模型评估了社会经济因素和本地作物与家庭粮食安全状况之间的关系。HFIAS 的结果显示，大部分农户属于轻度和中度粮食不安全类别，分别占抽样农户的 34.2% 和 36.2%。卡方检验表明，粮食安全状况与社会经济因素之间存在显著的统计学关系。年轻男性和每个人都被认为有可能食用本地作物。人们认为食用本地作物与粮食安全有关。研究结果还表明，耕作经验可能会对农户的粮食安全状况产生积极影响。与在非正规市场销售相比，在正规市场销售本地作物被认为与粮食安全有关。本研究的结论是，消费本地作物可能与改善粮食安全有关。为本地作物的销售确定一个合适的市场势在必行。政府、推广人员和营养学家必须举办培训讲习班，鼓励家庭种植、销售和购买本地作物。政府和决策者需要将本地作物纳入国家粮食和营养安全政策，并为本地作物创建正规市场。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Dietary Galla Chinensis Tannin Supplementation on Antioxidant Capacity and Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Broilers 饲粮中添加五倍子单宁对肉仔鸡抗氧化能力和肠道菌群组成的影响

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091780

Peng Yuan, Xiaojie Ren, Jiaxing Niu, Yang Liu, Libo Huang, S. Jiang, Ning Jiao, X. Yuan, Weiren Yang, Yang Li

The current study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary Galla Chinensis tannin (GCT) supplementation on antioxidant capacity and gut microbiota composition in broilers. Two hundred eighty-eight Arbor Acres broiler chicks were divided into the CON group and the GCT group; each treatment group contained 6 replicates with 24 broiler chicks per replicate for a period of 42 days, and were fed either a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 300 mg/kg GCT. Results revealed that GCT supplementation significantly increased glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MAD) concentrations in serum (p < 0.05) and significantly increased GSH-Px and catalase (CAT) (p < 0.05) and significantly decreased MDA concentrations in the small intestine. In addition, GCT significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) the gene expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme-oxygenase 1 (HO-1), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPX1), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1(NQO1). High-throughput sequencing results showed that GCT supplementation significantly increased abundances of Faecalibacterium and Megamonas (p < 0.05). These findings will contribute to our understanding of the effects of dietary Galla Chinensis tannin supplementation on antioxidant capacity and intestinal microbiota composition in broilers.

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加五倍子单宁(GCT)对肉鸡抗氧化能力和肠道菌群组成的影响。将288只爱拔益加肉鸡分为CON组和GCT组;每个处理组设6个重复，每个重复24只肉鸡，试验期42 d，分别饲喂基础饲粮或在基础饲粮中添加300 mg/kg GCT的试验饲粮。结果显示，添加GCT显著提高了血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(p < 0.05)，显著降低了血清丙二醛(MAD)浓度(p < 0.05)，显著提高了血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和过氧化氢酶(CAT) (p < 0.05)，显著降低了小肠MDA浓度。此外，GCT显著上调核因子红系2相关因子2 (Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶1(HO-1)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶1(GPX1)、NAD(p)H醌氧化还原酶1(NQO1)基因表达量(p < 0.05)。高通量测序结果显示，添加GCT显著提高了Faecalibacterium和Megamonas的丰度(p < 0.05)。本研究结果有助于进一步了解饲粮中添加五倍子单宁对肉鸡抗氧化能力和肠道菌群组成的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Fields of the Future: Pivotal Role of Biosaline Agriculture in Farming 未来的领域:生物盐农业在农业中的关键作用

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091774

H. Gheyi, D. Sandhu, C. F. de Lacerda

Worldwide, groundwater quality is in decline, growing progressively saltier [...]

在世界范围内，地下水质量正在下降，越来越咸[…]

引用次数: 0

Genetic Variability of Oil Palm in Mexico: An Assessment Based on Microsatellite Markers 墨西哥油棕的遗传变异:基于微卫星标记的评估

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091772

A. Magaña-Álvarez, D. Pérez-Brito, A. Cortés-Velázquez, Á. Nexticapan-Garcéz, M. E. ORTEGA-RAMIREZ, I. García-Cámara, Yasmín Sánchez-Rodríguez, R. Martín-Mex

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) has become the largest source of vegetable oil in the world. It is known that all existing genotypes of this species are related, so their genetic variability is considered to be low. In Mexico, all oil palm plantations are located in the southeast of the country, and they are established with different origins seeds, which has caused poor yields and resulted in the need to establish a genetic improvement program. Therefore, in this study, the extent of genetic diversity among 151 oil palm accessions from all producing regions of Mexico was assessed with twenty simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and seven random amplified microsatellite (RAM) markers. The markers utilized proved to be useful in revealing high existing genetic variability, with a total of 1218 and 708 alleles detected and polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.96 and 0.91 for RAM and SSR, respectively. The genetic distance among all accessions of oil palm collected ranged between 31% and 82% for similarity. Accessions from Tabasco and Veracruz presented the greatest and smallest genetic diversity, respectively. These results can allow breeding strategies to be established for the genetic improvement of this crop in Mexico.

油棕(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)已成为世界上最大的植物油来源。已知该物种的所有现有基因型都是相关的，因此它们的遗传变异性被认为是低的。在墨西哥，所有的油棕种植园都位于该国的东南部，它们是用不同来源的种子建立的，这导致了产量低，并导致需要建立一个遗传改进计划。因此，本研究利用20个简单序列重复(SSRs)和7个随机扩增微卫星(RAM)标记对墨西哥所有产区的151份油棕材料的遗传多样性程度进行了评估。所利用的标记显示了较高的遗传变异，共检测到1218个和708个等位基因，RAM和SSR的多态性信息含量(PIC)分别为0.96和0.91。所收集的所有油棕种质间的遗传距离在31% ~ 82%之间。来自塔巴斯科和韦拉克鲁斯的材料分别表现出最大和最小的遗传多样性。这些结果可以为墨西哥这种作物的遗传改良建立育种策略。

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引用次数: 0

Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Response to Different Forms of Sulfur Fertilizers 多年生黑麦草(Lolium perenne L.)对不同形式硫肥的反应

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091773

G. Kulczycki, Elżbieta Sacała, Anna Koszelnik-Leszek, Łukasz Milo

The aim of the study was to compare sulfate fertilizers and mixtures of elemental sulfur (S0) and sulfate in terms of yield and nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) status in perennial ryegrass. Mixtures of sulfate and S0 can reduce the consumption of sulfate alone. The plants were grown in soil cultures. The plants were supplemented with S0, K2SO4, MgSO4, and (NH4)SO4 or a mixture of these salts with So. Two sulfur doses were applied and the ryegrass was harvested three times. Fresh and dry weights of each swath, the N and S content, and their uptake were determined. The total fresh yield of sulfur-fertilized plants was 25 to 94% higher compared to unfertilized plants. The increases in dry matter were even more significant. Fertilizers, being a mixture of S0 and sulfate, showed the same efficiency as those containing sulfate alone. Sulfur fertilization resulted in a higher S content and its uptake, lowered N concentration in second and third swatch, and a decrease in total N uptake. In conclusion, to achieve high crop yields, soil sulfur deficiency should be corrected and fertilizers that are the mixture of elemental sulfur and sulfate are a beneficial and effective approach.

本研究的目的是比较硫酸盐肥料和单质硫(S0)与硫酸盐混合施用对多年生黑麦草产量和氮、硫(S)状况的影响。硫酸根和硫酸根的混合物可以减少单独硫酸根的消耗。这些植物是在土壤栽培中种植的。这些植物分别补充了so0、K2SO4、MgSO4和(NH4)SO4或这些盐与So的混合物。施用两剂硫，黑麦草收获三次。测定各畦鲜重、干重、氮、硫含量及其吸收量。施硫植株的总鲜产量比未施硫植株高25 ~ 94%。干物质的增加更为显著。肥料是硫酸钠和硫酸盐的混合物，与只含硫酸盐的肥料具有相同的效果。施硫提高了氮素含量和吸收量，降低了二、三样地氮素浓度，降低了总氮素吸收量。综上所述，要实现作物高产，应纠正土壤缺硫，单质硫与硫酸盐混合施用肥料是有益有效的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Phosphate Fertilizer Type and Liming Affect the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Two Maize Cultivars 磷肥类型和石灰对两个玉米品种生长和磷吸收的影响

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091771

Fangfang Ning, P. M. Nkebiwe, Jens Hartung, Sebastian Munz, Shoubing Huang, Shunli Zhou, Simone Graeff-Hönninger

In the context of phosphorus (P) exhaustion and low P use efficiency (PUE) in crop production, a field trial was designed on a low-P soil in southwestern Germany in 2020 and 2021 to investigate the effects of P fertilizer type and liming on maize growth and P uptake and PUE. The experimental factors were (i) two P fertilizer types, rock phosphate (RP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP); (ii) lime application, lime and no lime; and (iii) two maize cultivars. The results showed that RP resulted in a lower leaf area index and light interception compared with DAP, a 33% lower silage yield, and a 29% lower P content at harvest. The PUE of RP was 18%, which was 37% lower than DAP. Soil liming reduced shoot biomass and led to 35% less shoot P content at the six-leaf stage. The maize cultivar Stabil expressed higher yielding and P acquisition characteristics. In conclusion, DAP cannot be replaced by placed RP, regardless of the lime application in silage maize production in this study. Future research on the PUE of maize cultivars should also consider root characteristics in response to P fertilizer type and soil pH.

在作物生产中磷(P)耗竭和低磷利用效率(PUE)的背景下，设计了2020年和2021年在德国西南部低磷土壤上进行的田间试验，研究了磷肥类型和石灰对玉米生长、磷吸收和PUE的影响。试验因素为:(1)两种磷肥类型，即磷矿肥(RP)和磷酸二铵(DAP);(ii)施石灰、施石灰和不施石灰;(三)两个玉米品种。结果表明，与DAP相比，RP的叶面积指数和截光率较低，青贮产量降低33%，收获时磷含量降低29%。RP的PUE为18%，比DAP低37%。土壤石灰化降低了六叶期地上部生物量，导致地上部磷含量降低35%。玉米品种稳定表现出较高的产量和磷获取特性。综上所述，无论本研究中青贮玉米生产中石灰的施用如何，放置的RP都不能替代DAP。今后对玉米品种PUE的研究还应考虑根系特征对磷肥类型和土壤pH值的响应。

{"title":"Phosphate Fertilizer Type and Liming Affect the Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Two Maize Cultivars","authors":"Fangfang Ning, P. M. Nkebiwe, Jens Hartung, Sebastian Munz, Shoubing Huang, Shunli Zhou, Simone Graeff-Hönninger","doi":"10.3390/agriculture13091771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13091771","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of phosphorus (P) exhaustion and low P use efficiency (PUE) in crop production, a field trial was designed on a low-P soil in southwestern Germany in 2020 and 2021 to investigate the effects of P fertilizer type and liming on maize growth and P uptake and PUE. The experimental factors were (i) two P fertilizer types, rock phosphate (RP) and diammonium phosphate (DAP); (ii) lime application, lime and no lime; and (iii) two maize cultivars. The results showed that RP resulted in a lower leaf area index and light interception compared with DAP, a 33% lower silage yield, and a 29% lower P content at harvest. The PUE of RP was 18%, which was 37% lower than DAP. Soil liming reduced shoot biomass and led to 35% less shoot P content at the six-leaf stage. The maize cultivar Stabil expressed higher yielding and P acquisition characteristics. In conclusion, DAP cannot be replaced by placed RP, regardless of the lime application in silage maize production in this study. Future research on the PUE of maize cultivars should also consider root characteristics in response to P fertilizer type and soil pH.","PeriodicalId":48587,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture-Basel","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85891796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Data-Driven Soil Analysis and Evaluation for Smart Farming Using Machine Learning Approaches 使用机器学习方法的智能农业数据驱动土壤分析和评估

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091777

Yixin Huang, Rishi Srivastava, Chloe Ngo, Jerry Gao, Jane Wu, Sen Chiao

Food shortage issues affect more and more of the population globally as a consequence of the climate crisis, wars, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Increasing crop output has become one of the urgent priorities for many countries. To raise the productivity of the crop product, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate farmland soil quality by analyzing the physical and chemical properties of soil since the soil is the base to provide nutrition to the crop. As a result, soil analysis contributes greatly to maintaining the sustainability of soil in producing crops regularly. Recently, some agriculture researchers have started using machine learning approaches to conduct soil analysis, targeting the different soil analysis needs separately. The optimal method is to consider all those features (climate, soil chemicals, nutrition, and geolocations) based on the growing crops and production cycle for soil analysis. The contribution of this project is to combine soil analysis, including crop identification, irrigation recommendations, and fertilizer analysis, with data-driven machine learning models and to create an interactive user-friendly system (Soil Analysis System) by using real-time satellite data and remote sensor data. The system provides a more sustainable and efficient way to help farmers harvest with better usages of land, water, and fertilizer. According to our analysis results, this combined approach is promising and efficient for smart farming.

由于气候危机、战争和2019冠状病毒病大流行，粮食短缺问题影响着全球越来越多的人口。提高作物产量已成为许多国家的当务之急之一。土壤是为作物提供营养的基础，为了提高作物产品的生产力，有必要通过分析土壤的理化性质对农田土壤质量进行监测和评价。因此，土壤分析有助于保持土壤的可持续性，定期生产作物。最近，一些农业研究人员开始使用机器学习方法进行土壤分析，分别针对不同的土壤分析需求。最优的方法是考虑所有这些特征(气候、土壤化学物质、营养和地理位置)，基于作物生长和生产周期进行土壤分析。该项目的贡献是将土壤分析(包括作物识别、灌溉建议和肥料分析)与数据驱动的机器学习模型相结合，并通过使用实时卫星数据和遥感数据创建一个交互式用户友好系统(土壤分析系统)。该系统提供了一种更可持续、更有效的方式，帮助农民更好地利用土地、水和肥料来收获。根据我们的分析结果，这种组合方法对于智能农业来说是有希望的和有效的。

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引用次数: 0

A Review on White Mango Scale Biology, Ecology, Distribution and Management 白芒果鳞片生物学、生态学、分布与管理研究进展

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091770

Syed Turab Raza, Abid Hameed Khan, Asifa Hameed, Noor Muhammad, Abdul Ghaffar Grewal, Muhammad Tariq Malik, Muhammad Imran, Ghulam Mustafa, Atif Iqbal

The white mango scale (WMS) insect, Aulacaspis tubercularis (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), is a polyphagous, multivoltine pest which is a serious threat to qualitative mango production and export. The WMS insect sucks sap from leaves, branches and fruits. The heavy infestation of this pest may cause the falling of young leaves, drying up of twigs, poor flowering, and, finally, reduce the quality of fruits by producing pink spots on fruits’ surface. This review paper was written to provide comprehensive information about pest biology, ecology and management in different parts of the world. WMS was first reported on the island of Formosa on Mangifera indica in 1929 and later on in the Caribbean Islands, India and Brazil. Now it is found in almost 69 mango-producing countries of the world. The thermal regime may affect the population of pests. In Australia, the life cycle is completed in 35–40 days in summer and 70–85 days in winter. Variety, age of plants, number of trees per acre, canopy size and sunlight penetration affect the density of WMS. Different Coccinellid beetles and parasitoid Encarsia femorosa feed on WMS; however, farmers most commonly use insecticides to get rid of this pest. In Pakistan, WMS is a growing threat to the export of mangoes; hence IPM plan is needed to reduce the pest numbers and enhance qualitative mango production.

芒果白鳞虫(Aulacaspis tubercularis)是一种多食性、多毒性害虫，严重威胁芒果的质量生产和出口。WMS昆虫从叶子、树枝和果实中吸取汁液。这种害虫的严重侵袭可能导致嫩叶掉落，小枝干枯，开花不良，最后在果实表面产生粉红色斑点，从而降低果实的质量。本文旨在全面介绍世界各地害虫的生物学、生态学和防治情况。WMS最早于1929年在印度芒果上的福尔摩沙岛被报道，后来在加勒比群岛、印度和巴西也有报道。现在，它在世界上近69个芒果生产国被发现。热状态可能影响害虫的数量。在澳大利亚，夏季的生命周期为35-40天，冬季为70-85天。植物的品种、树龄、每英亩树数、树冠大小和阳光穿透度影响WMS的密度。不同瓢虫科甲虫和拟寄生物粉蛾以WMS为食;然而，农民通常使用杀虫剂来消灭这种害虫。在巴基斯坦，WMS对芒果出口的威胁越来越大;因此，需要IPM计划来减少害虫数量并提高芒果的质量。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Nexus between Structural and Climate Changes in EU Pig Farming 欧盟养猪业结构变化与气候变化关系分析

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091778

N. Jurkėnaitė

The EU’s ambition to establish economy-wide climate neutrality by 2050 requires challenging transformations in many economic activities. This paper aims to investigate the nexus of structural changes and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) in an important sector of the livestock system, namely pig farming, during the period of 2010–2020 and to discuss the main directions of GHGE reduction. The academic novelty of this contribution is characterised by a combination of the shift-share and cluster analysis that allows for the investigation of the evolution phenomenon, applying the sustainability prism in order to understand the nexus between pig farming and the livestock system, as well as combining the national and EU levels. Results suggest that the steep decline in the number of holdings and a moderate reduction in livestock units (LSUs) on farms do not bring tangible GHGE reduction results. The cluster analysis confirms that pig farming systems in pre-2004 member states, except for Finland and Greece, demonstrated positive developments or a lower decline in holdings with pigs and live swine LSUs compared to other countries, while in the dominant share of post-2003 member states, the GHGE reduction rate was higher. This research identifies a reduction in the pig population, improvement in feed production and the development of related supply chains, and changes in manure management and utilisation as the main directions of GHGE reduction; however, the identified clusters are related with different potentials of GHGE reduction when applying the aforementioned measures. Recommendations include the development and support of actions that focus on GHGE reduction from swine manure and contribute to the establishment of a circular economy in the EU.

欧盟要在2050年之前实现全经济范围的气候中和，这需要在许多经济活动中进行具有挑战性的转型。本文旨在研究2010-2020年期间畜牧业重要部门——养猪业的结构变化与温室气体排放(GHGEs)的关系，并探讨减少温室气体排放的主要方向。这一贡献的学术新颖性的特点是结合了转移份额和聚类分析，允许对进化现象进行调查，应用可持续性棱镜来理解养猪业和牲畜系统之间的联系，以及结合国家和欧盟层面。结果表明，养殖数量的急剧下降和农场牲畜单位(lsu)的适度减少并没有带来切实的温室气体减排效果。聚类分析证实，除芬兰和希腊外，2004年前成员国的养猪系统与其他国家相比，猪和生猪lsu的存栏量呈现出积极的发展或较低的下降，而在2003年后占主导地位的成员国中，温室气体排放减少率更高。本研究确定了减少生猪数量、改善饲料生产和相关供应链的发展、改变粪便管理和利用是减少温室气体排放的主要方向;然而，当采用上述措施时，所确定的集群与不同的温室气体减排潜力有关。建议包括制定和支持以减少猪粪温室气体排放为重点的行动，并有助于在欧盟建立循环经济。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Certain Pesticides on the Predatory Mite Typhlodromus ndibu Pritchard and Baker (Acari: Phytoseiidae) 某些农药对褐斑恙螨的防治作用(蜱螨亚纲:植螨科)

IF 3.6 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agriculture-Basel

Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.3390/agriculture13091776

Nguyen T. P. Thao, Nguyen T. Thuy

Typhlodromus ndibu Pritchard and Baker (Acari: Phytoseiidae), collected from citrus orchards in the southern region of Vietnam, has been identified as a natural enemy of the citrus red mite Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae). It holds potential as a laboratory-reared predator for biological control purposes. However, the research on T. ndibu remains limited. This study focuses on investigating the effects of fenpyroximate, alpha-cypermethrin, pymetrozin, buprofezin, matrine, and azadirachtin on this predatory mite in laboratory conditions. Fenpyroximate was the most toxic substance against T. ndibu, affecting its fertility, egg-hatching rate, and population establishment ability. The mortality rate among adult female T. ndibu is (73.97 ± 2.43%), and (89.09 ± 0.00%) in the immature stages after 72 h of exposure to fenpyroximate. Matrine and azadirachtin—active ingredients of plant origin—were classified as slightly harmful to T. ndibu with mortality rates among adult females and the immature stages being less than 50%. The implications of the obtained results regarding the integration of biological and chemical control methods may facilitate the more effective development of integrated pest management (IPM) programs.

采自越南南部柑橘果园的ndibu Pritchard and Baker恙螨(蜱螨目:植物绥螨科)被鉴定为柑橘红螨(蜱螨目:叶螨科)的天敌。它有潜力作为实验室饲养的捕食者用于生物控制目的。然而，对T. ndibu的研究仍然有限。本研究主要研究了在实验室条件下，苯吡肟酯、高效氯氰菊酯、吡虫嗪、丁丙嗪、苦参碱和印楝素对该捕食性螨的影响。芬吡肟对褐僵菌的毒性最大，影响褐僵菌的繁殖能力、孵化率和种群建立能力。暴露于芬吡肟72 h后，成年雌性尼布氏滴虫死亡率为(73.97±2.43%)，未成熟期死亡率为(89.09±0.00%)。植物源活性成分苦参碱和印楝素对白僵菌有轻微危害，成虫和未成熟虫的死亡率均小于50%。所获得的关于生物和化学防治方法的综合结果的意义可能有助于更有效地制定害虫综合管理(IPM)计划。

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引用次数: 0