Journal of Eating Disorders最新文献

In our original case report we provide detailed accounts of two research participants who reported the emergence of spontaneously recovered, previously forgotten traumatic memories of sexual assaults during psilocybin treatment. In their commentary of this article, Kangaslampi et al. argue that we preemptively label the experiences as dissociated traumatic memories in the absence of corroborating evidence and consideration of alternative explanations. Here we further address potential therapeutic effects associated with the classification of experiences and provide a rebuttal to the authors' criticisms on our chosen nomenclature.

Background: The relationship between food consumption and eating disorders (ED) is pivotal, given that eating disorders are characterized by abnormal eating habits which can result in significant health issues. However, research on this topic in non-western, economically underdeveloped countries is limited, particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Objective: To gather and examine the available evidence on food consumption and eating patterns in people diagnosed with eating disorders (ED), in studies conducted in Latin American and Caribbean countries, with particular interest in identifying food consumption assessment tools used in this population.

Methods: The scoping review was carried out in three bibliographic databases: Medline (PubMed), Cochrane Library, and LILACS, with no restrictions, up to November 2025. PRISMA guidelines were used for reporting this review.

Results: Four studies were identified that met the eligibility criteria, all conducted in Brazil. The studies included adults diagnosed with binge eating disorder (BED) or bulimia nervosa (BN). No participants with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) were included in these studies. High energy variability was observed in the diets; when considering only binge eating episodes, the highest intake was found in participants diagnosed with BED. Among the most common macronutrients consumed are carbohydrates, lipids, and finally, proteins; there is no greater variation when considering only binge eating episodes. Micronutrient intake is below the RDI levels, with deficiencies of vitamin E, folic acid, magnesium, and iron. Among the most frequently consumed foods are highly palatable foods, as well as beef, rice, and beans. The most common methods for assessing food consumption were food diary, food frecuency, and 24-hour recall, among others.

Conclusion: Common foods in Brasil, such as rice and beans were frequently consumed in the studies selected. Consumption in patients with BN varies, ranging from 19,257 to 158 kcal/day. More studies are needed to validate and culturally adapt food consumption and eating patterns assessment tools in this population.

Background: Eating disorders are increasingly prevalent during adolescence, a critical developmental stage, and there is a pressing need for concise, yet robust assessment tools tailored for this age group. This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire-13 (EDE-Q-13) among healthy adolescents.

Methods: A total of 223 participants aged 10-17 years were recruited from Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Faculty of Medicine. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity were examined through Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, Composite Reliability (CR), Average Variance Extracted (AVE), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and correlations with the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26) and the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2).

Results: The total scale showed high internal consistency (α = 0.86, ω = 0.85), with subscale reliabilities ranging from acceptable to good (α = 0.60-0.87). CFA supported the original five-factor structure, yielding satisfactory model fit indices (CMIN/df = 1.58, RMSEA = 0.05, CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.97). Test-retest reliability over a 15-day interval demonstrated strong temporal stability (r = 0.82; ICC = 0.795-0.886). Significant positive correlations with EAT-26 and negative correlations with BAS-2 confirmed convergent and discriminant validity.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that the Turkish EDE-Q-13 is a valid, reliable, and efficient measure for assessing eating disorder psychopathology in healthy adolescents. Its brevity enhances practicality for both clinical and epidemiological research, though future validation in clinical populations is recommended.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) such as Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), and Binge-Eating Disorder (BED) share overlapping symptoms, risk factors, and maintenance mechanisms, yet differ in their behavioural manifestations. This study aimed to investigate binary food choice behaviour across EDs and weight groups, including healthy controls with normal weight, overweight and obesity in a controlled laboratory setting.

Methods: N = 189 individuals with AN (n = 40), BN (n = 29), BED (n = 24) as well as controls without eating disorders with normal weight (HC-NW, n = 57), overweight (HC-OW, n = 18) and obesity (HC-OB, n = 21) made 153 binary food choices while decision times were recorded. Participants also rated foods on liking and calorie content. The number of calories in chosen foods, the relationship between calorie content and liking ratings and decision times were analysed. We further explored the roles of eating styles, BMI and ED symptoms in food choice.

Results: Individuals with AN chose less calories, liked lower-calorie foods more and made faster decisions, especially for lower-calorie options compared to HC-NW. The other groups did not differ from HC-NW in food choice or liking, but BN - and to a lesser degree HC-OB and HC-OW - made faster food choices. External eating positively predicted higher-calorie choices.

Conclusion: This study underscores the distinctiveness of AN in food choice behaviour and the need for transdiagnostic approaches to understand shared and unique mechanisms across EDs and weight groups. Future research should explore longitudinal changes in food choice processes and integrate contextual and emotional factors to better capture the complexity of eating behaviours.

Background: Appearance anxiety has become a growing public health concern among young adults; however, its psychological correlates remain inadequately explored, particularly within the realm of digital media engagement. This study examined the associations between problematic short-form video use and appearance anxiety, and whether self-esteem and boredom proneness accounted for part of this association.

Methods: A sample of 411 Chinese college students completed a battery of standardized scales assessing problematic short-form video use, self-esteem, boredom proneness, and appearance anxiety.

Results: Problematic short-form video use showed a large positive association with appearance anxiety. This association was partly explained by self-esteem and boredom proneness, both independently and sequentially, indicating significant indirect paths via lower self-esteem and higher boredom proneness.

Conclusions: These findings indicate that self-esteem and boredom proneness are important correlates linking problematic short-form video use and appearance anxiety among young adults. Although the cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences, the results point to the potential value of enhancing self-esteem and helping young people manage boredom may be promising avenues for future intervention efforts.

Background: Transitions between inpatient and community care carry a high risk of disengagement or relapse for adults with severe eating disorders. Step Care was developed to address this gap by adapting intensive enhanced cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT-E) for remote, multidisciplinary delivery in patients' homes. The virtual service operates through three pathways, Starting Well, Staying Well, and Working Towards Recovery, and aims to improve engagement, reduce hospitalisation, and prevent relapse.

Method: This paper describes the Step Care service innovation and reports a prospective service evaluation examining its feasibility, acceptability, and short-term outcomes. All patients referred between June 2023 and June 2025 were included. Quantitative outcomes included body mass index (BMI), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Clinical Impairment Assessment (CIA), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), measured at admission and discharge. Illustrative qualitative feedback from patients, carers, and staff is presented.

Results: Of the 124 referrals, 66 patients commenced treatment (Starting Well, n = 34; Staying Well, n = 22; Working Towards Recovery, n = 10). The mean age was 32.1 years (SD = 12.0), and the mean illness duration was 12.9 years (SD = 11.0); 90% were female and 94% were White British. Completion rates were between 80 and 94% across pathways. In Starting Well, significant improvements were observed in BMI, eating disorder symptoms, psychosocial impairment, and depressive symptoms (all p < 0.01). In Staying Well, BMI was maintained with improved psychosocial functioning (CIA, p = 0.048). In Working Towards Recovery, BMI change was limited, but psychosocial impairment improved (CIA, p = 0.024). Overall, 77% were discharged to community care, 14% required planned admission to hospital, and one required an unplanned admission.

Conclusions: Step Care is a feasible, acceptable, and effective virtual model for delivering intensive CBT-E at key transition points between inpatient and community care. Engagement and completion were high, including among patients with severe and long-standing illness. Short-term improvements were observed in weight and psychosocial functioning, alongside consistently positive feedback from patients, carers, and staff. These findings support further evaluation of long-term outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

Background: This research focuses on subclinical eating pathology symptoms (EPS) in young adult university athletes, addressing a gap in studies involving nonelite athletes. Social transitions, athletic and academic pressures, body shame, and participation in weight-sensitive sports contribute to an elevated risk of EPS. This study aims to examine how demographic factors (gender, age, type of sport, living arrangements, and duration of membership) and adverse moral emotions (shame and guilt) predict EPS. Additionally, it investigates whether shame and guilt mediate the relationship between sport type and EPS.

Methods: Participants (N = 130), excluding individuals with clinical eating disorders, completed validated self-report measures: the Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory and the State Shame and Guilt Scale (SSGS). Ethical approval was granted by the Department of Psychology Research Ethics Committee at the University of Exeter (Reference: 8485441). The study was prospectively registered on the OSF prior to data collection ( https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/5R3T8 ).

Results: Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that participation in weight-sensitive sports and higher scores on the SSGS were significant positive predictors of EPS. Mediation analysis indicated no significant indirect effect of shame or guilt on the relationship between sport type and EPS.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that involvement in weight-sensitive sports and high levels of shame and guilt are key risk factors for EPS in young adult athletes. Conversely, participation in non-weight-sensitive sports appears to serve as a protective factor. This study underscores the urgent need for targeted interventions and increased awareness of subclinical eating pathology in this population.

Background: Caring for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) involves gaining patients' and families' trust in a condition fraught with ambivalence. While essential for subsequent care and the development of a therapeutic alliance, the first clinical encounter is also known to be emotionally challenging both for frontline professionals and for families. There are few studies investigating the experience of clinicians working in specialized care settings. Our study aims to explore the challenges experienced by specialized professionals during the initial encounter with patients presenting with AN and their families.

Methods: A qualitative study was conducted at the Maison des Adolescents, Cochin Hospital, Paris, a facility specialized in holistic care for adolescents, based on semi-structured interviews using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).

Results: Sixteen clinicians with various professional profiles were interviewed between March 15th 2024 and August 5th 2025. Verbatim analysis identified four superordinate themes: (1) The first encounter: a daunting experience. (2) Balancing two divergent clinical postures: empathy and suasion. (3) Strategies for building a therapeutic alliance in the face of reluctance. (4) Building professional legitimacy through experience.

Conclusions: The emotional impact of these initial encounters can remain significant and complex, requiring introspective work and adaptability from professionals in order to promote therapeutic alliance. Developing of a formalized structure for initial interviews could be a possible avenue for improving these encounters.

Background: The ANZAED (Australia and New Zealand Academy for Eating Disorders) Eating Disorder Credential is the first national, cross-disciplinary program to recognise minimum standards qualifications, knowledge, training, and ongoing professional development for health professionals to provide safe and effective treatment. While timely access to safe and effective treatment is known to improve quality of life and increase the likelihood of optimal treatment outcomes, there is currently no empirical evidence on the Credential's impact for people with an eating disorder (ED). To address this gap, this study explored the perceptions and treatment experiences of individuals with an ED who received care from a Credentialed Eating Disorder Clinician.

Methods: Participants were 16 people with lived experience of an ED, who had received treatment from a credentialed clinician. Participants engaged in a semi-structured interview and an online self-report survey, both exploring their ED treatment experiences. Analysis included descriptive statistics from survey data and an inductive reflexive thematic analysis of interview transcripts.

Results: The first theme generated by the thematic analysis was treatment experiences with credentialed vs. non-credentialed clinicians, with (1) trust and safety, (2) seeing the whole person, and (3) teamwork identified as subthemes. The second theme was attitudes towards the Credential, with (1) the perception of the Credential as a source of hope and (2) the potential for improved access to appropriate treatment as subthemes.

Conclusions: Participants consistently perceived treatment with credentialed clinicians positively and felt that additional training and supervision facilitated trust in credentialed clinicians. Some participants reported their treatment team consisted of credentialed clinicians working together to coordinate treatment, which was also perceived to facilitate trust. However, some participants felt uncertain about whether the Credential met their needs and instead emphasised the importance of treatment access in regional locations and an understanding of individual presentations including comorbid conditions.