Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00295-1
Chen Xin, Neng Xia, Li Zhang
Miniature devices comprising stimulus-responsive hydrogels with high environmental adaptability are now considered competitive candidates in the fields of biomedicine, precise sensors, and tunable optics. Reliable and advanced fabrication methods are critical for maximizing the application capabilities of miniature devices. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offers the advantages of a wide range of applicable materials, high processing accuracy, and strong 3D fabrication capability, which is suitable for the development of miniature devices with various functions. This paper summarizes and highlights the recent advances in light-based 3D-printed miniaturized devices, with a focus on the latest breakthroughs in light-based fabrication technologies, smart stimulus-responsive hydrogels, and tunable miniature devices for the fields of miniature cargo manipulation, targeted drug and cell delivery, active scaffolds, environmental sensing, and optical imaging. Finally, the challenges in the transition of tunable miniaturized devices from the laboratory to practical engineering applications are presented. Future opportunities that will promote the development of tunable microdevices are elaborated, contributing to their improved understanding of these miniature devices and further realizing their practical applications in various fields.
{"title":"Light-based 3D printing of stimulus-responsive hydrogels for miniature devices: recent progress and perspective","authors":"Chen Xin, Neng Xia, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00295-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00295-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Miniature devices comprising stimulus-responsive hydrogels with high environmental adaptability are now considered competitive candidates in the fields of biomedicine, precise sensors, and tunable optics. Reliable and advanced fabrication methods are critical for maximizing the application capabilities of miniature devices. Light-based three-dimensional (3D) printing technology offers the advantages of a wide range of applicable materials, high processing accuracy, and strong 3D fabrication capability, which is suitable for the development of miniature devices with various functions. This paper summarizes and highlights the recent advances in light-based 3D-printed miniaturized devices, with a focus on the latest breakthroughs in light-based fabrication technologies, smart stimulus-responsive hydrogels, and tunable miniature devices for the fields of miniature cargo manipulation, targeted drug and cell delivery, active scaffolds, environmental sensing, and optical imaging. Finally, the challenges in the transition of tunable miniaturized devices from the laboratory to practical engineering applications are presented. Future opportunities that will promote the development of tunable microdevices are elaborated, contributing to their improved understanding of these miniature devices and further realizing their practical applications in various fields.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142249209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Increasing evidence indicates that engineered nerve grafts have great potential for the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). While most studies have focused only on the topographical features of the grafts, we have considered both the biophysical and biochemical manipulations in our applied nanoscaffold. To achieve this, we fabricated an electrospun nanofibrous scaffold (ENS) containing polylactide nanofibers loaded with lithium (Li) ions, a Wnt/β‐catenin signaling activator. In addition, we seeded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) onto this engineered scaffold to examine if their differentiation toward Schwann-like cells was induced. We further examined the efficacy of the scaffolds for nerve regeneration in vivo via grafting in a PNI rat model. Our results showed that Li-loaded ENSs gradually released Li within 11 d, at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to (3.64 ± 0.10) mmol/L, and upregulated the expression of Wnt/β-catenin target genes (cyclinD1 and c-Myc) as well as those of Schwann cell markers (growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)) in differentiated hADMSCs. In the PNI rat model, implantation of Li-loaded ENSs with/without cells improved behavioral features such as sensory and motor functions as well as the electrophysiological characteristics of the injured nerve. This improved function was further validated by histological analysis of sciatic nerves grafted with Li-loaded ENSs, which showed no fibrous connective tissue but enhanced organized myelinated axons. The potential of Li-loaded ENSs in promoting Schwann cell differentiation of hADMSCs and axonal regeneration of injured sciatic nerves suggests their potential for application in peripheral nerve tissue engineering.
{"title":"Enhanced axonal regeneration and functional recovery of the injured sciatic nerve in a rat model by lithium-loaded electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds","authors":"Banafsheh Dolatyar, Bahman Zeynali, Iman Shabani, Azita Parvaneh Tafreshi, Reza Karimi-Soflou","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00304-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00304-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Increasing evidence indicates that engineered nerve grafts have great potential for the regeneration of peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). While most studies have focused only on the topographical features of the grafts, we have considered both the biophysical and biochemical manipulations in our applied nanoscaffold. To achieve this, we fabricated an electrospun nanofibrous scaffold (ENS) containing polylactide nanofibers loaded with lithium (Li) ions, a Wnt/<i>β</i>‐catenin signaling activator. In addition, we seeded human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADMSCs) onto this engineered scaffold to examine if their differentiation toward Schwann-like cells was induced. We further examined the efficacy of the scaffolds for nerve regeneration in vivo via grafting in a PNI rat model. Our results showed that Li-loaded ENSs gradually released Li within 11 d, at concentrations ranging from 0.02 to (3.64 ± 0.10) mmol/L, and upregulated the expression of Wnt/<i>β</i>-catenin target genes (<i>cyclinD1</i> and <i>c-Myc</i>) as well as those of Schwann cell markers (growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and SRY-box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)) in differentiated hADMSCs. In the PNI rat model, implantation of Li-loaded ENSs with/without cells improved behavioral features such as sensory and motor functions as well as the electrophysiological characteristics of the injured nerve. This improved function was further validated by histological analysis of sciatic nerves grafted with Li-loaded ENSs, which showed no fibrous connective tissue but enhanced organized myelinated axons. The potential of Li-loaded ENSs in promoting Schwann cell differentiation of hADMSCs and axonal regeneration of injured sciatic nerves suggests their potential for application in peripheral nerve tissue engineering.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00288-0
Juan A. Cabrera, Alex Bataller, Sergio Postigo, Marcos García
Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are widely used treatments for obstructive sleep apnea. MADs function by advancing the lower jaw to open the upper airway. To increase patient comfort, most patients allow the mouth to be opened. However, not all systems maintain the lower jaw in a forward position during mouth opening, which results in the production of a retrusion that favors the collapse of the upper airway. Furthermore, the kinematic behavior of the mechanism formed by the mandible-device assembly depends on jaw morphology. This means that, during mouth opening, some devices cause lower jaw protrusion in some patients, but cause its retraction in others. In this study, we report the behavior of well-known devices currently on the market. To do so, we developed a kinematic model of the lower jaw device assembly. This model was validated for all devices analyzed using a high-resolution camera system. Our results show that some of the devices analyzed here did not produce the correct behavior during patient mouth opening.
{"title":"Kinematics of mandibular advancement devices (MADs): Why do some MADs move the lower jaw backward during mouth opening?","authors":"Juan A. Cabrera, Alex Bataller, Sergio Postigo, Marcos García","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00288-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00288-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are widely used treatments for obstructive sleep apnea. MADs function by advancing the lower jaw to open the upper airway. To increase patient comfort, most patients allow the mouth to be opened. However, not all systems maintain the lower jaw in a forward position during mouth opening, which results in the production of a retrusion that favors the collapse of the upper airway. Furthermore, the kinematic behavior of the mechanism formed by the mandible-device assembly depends on jaw morphology. This means that, during mouth opening, some devices cause lower jaw protrusion in some patients, but cause its retraction in others. In this study, we report the behavior of well-known devices currently on the market. To do so, we developed a kinematic model of the lower jaw device assembly. This model was validated for all devices analyzed using a high-resolution camera system. Our results show that some of the devices analyzed here did not produce the correct behavior during patient mouth opening.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions. The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human health. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural scaffolds. Complex neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via 3D printing. This review comprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their design. It highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem cells. First, nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are outlined. The applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed, and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is highlighted. Second, the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated, and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is emphasized. In addition, various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases, as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds, are discussed.
{"title":"Advanced strategies for 3D-printed neural scaffolds: materials, structure, and nerve remodeling","authors":"Jian He, Liang Qiao, Jiuhong Li, Junlin Lu, Zhouping Fu, Jiafang Chen, Xiangchun Zhang, Xulin Hu","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00291-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00291-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor functions. The potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human health. Three-dimensional (3D) printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural scaffolds. Complex neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via 3D printing. This review comprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their design. It highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem cells. First, nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are outlined. The applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed, and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is highlighted. Second, the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated, and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is emphasized. In addition, various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases, as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds, are discussed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intracellular electrophysiological research is vital for biological and medical research. Traditional planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have disadvantages in recording intracellular action potentials due to the loose cell–electrode interface. To investigate intracellular electrophysiological signals with high sensitivity, electroporation was used to obtain intracellular recordings. In this study, a biosensing system based on a nanoporous electrode array (NPEA) integrating electrical perforation and signal acquisition was established to dynamically and sensitively record the intracellular potential of cardiomyocytes over a long period of time. Moreover, nanoporous electrodes can induce the protrusion of cell membranes and enhance cell–electrode interfacial coupling, thereby facilitating effective electroporation. Electrophysiological signals over the entire recording process can be quantitatively and segmentally analyzed according to the signal changes, which can equivalently reflect the dynamic evolution of the electroporated cardiomyocyte membrane. We believe that the low-cost and high-performance nanoporous biosensing platform suggested in this study can dynamically record intracellular action potential, evaluate cardiomyocyte electroporation, and provide a new strategy for investigating cardiology pharmacological science.
{"title":"Integrated nanoporous electroporation and sensing electrode array for total dynamic time-domain cardiomyocyte membrane resealing assessment","authors":"Weiqin Sheng, Ying Li, Chunlian Qin, Zhonghai Zhang, Yuxiang Pan, Zhicheng Tong, Chong Teng, Xinwei Wei","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00308-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00308-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intracellular electrophysiological research is vital for biological and medical research. Traditional planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have disadvantages in recording intracellular action potentials due to the loose cell–electrode interface. To investigate intracellular electrophysiological signals with high sensitivity, electroporation was used to obtain intracellular recordings. In this study, a biosensing system based on a nanoporous electrode array (NPEA) integrating electrical perforation and signal acquisition was established to dynamically and sensitively record the intracellular potential of cardiomyocytes over a long period of time. Moreover, nanoporous electrodes can induce the protrusion of cell membranes and enhance cell–electrode interfacial coupling, thereby facilitating effective electroporation. Electrophysiological signals over the entire recording process can be quantitatively and segmentally analyzed according to the signal changes, which can equivalently reflect the dynamic evolution of the electroporated cardiomyocyte membrane. We believe that the low-cost and high-performance nanoporous biosensing platform suggested in this study can dynamically record intracellular action potential, evaluate cardiomyocyte electroporation, and provide a new strategy for investigating cardiology pharmacological science.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00298-y
Mingjun Xie, Zexin Fu, Chunfei Lu, Sufan Wu, Lei Pan, Yong He, Yi Sun, Ji Wang
Paper-based microchips have different advantages, such as better biocompatibility, simple production, and easy handling, making them promising candidates for clinical diagnosis and other fields. This study describes a method developed to fabricate modular three-dimensional (3D) paper-based microfluidic chips based on projection-based 3D printing (PBP) technology. A series of two-dimensional (2D) paper-based microfluidic modules was designed and fabricated. After evaluating the effect of exposure time on the accuracy of the flow channel, the resolution of this channel was experimentally analyzed. Furthermore, several 3D paper-based microfluidic chips were assembled based on the 2D ones using different methods, with good channel connectivity. Scaffold-based 2D and hydrogel-based 3D cell culture systems based on 3D paper-based microfluidic chips were verified to be feasible. Furthermore, by combining extrusion 3D bioprinting technology and the proposed 3D paper-based microfluidic chips, multiorgan microfluidic chips were established by directly printing 3D hydrogel structures on 3D paper-based microfluidic chips, confirming that the prepared modular 3D paper-based microfluidic chip is potentially applicable in various biomedical applications.
{"title":"Rapid fabrication of modular 3D paper-based microfluidic chips using projection-based 3D printing","authors":"Mingjun Xie, Zexin Fu, Chunfei Lu, Sufan Wu, Lei Pan, Yong He, Yi Sun, Ji Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00298-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00298-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Paper-based microchips have different advantages, such as better biocompatibility, simple production, and easy handling, making them promising candidates for clinical diagnosis and other fields. This study describes a method developed to fabricate modular three-dimensional (3D) paper-based microfluidic chips based on projection-based 3D printing (PBP) technology. A series of two-dimensional (2D) paper-based microfluidic modules was designed and fabricated. After evaluating the effect of exposure time on the accuracy of the flow channel, the resolution of this channel was experimentally analyzed. Furthermore, several 3D paper-based microfluidic chips were assembled based on the 2D ones using different methods, with good channel connectivity. Scaffold-based 2D and hydrogel-based 3D cell culture systems based on 3D paper-based microfluidic chips were verified to be feasible. Furthermore, by combining extrusion 3D bioprinting technology and the proposed 3D paper-based microfluidic chips, multiorgan microfluidic chips were established by directly printing 3D hydrogel structures on 3D paper-based microfluidic chips, confirming that the prepared modular 3D paper-based microfluidic chip is potentially applicable in various biomedical applications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00303-4
Wei Tang, Yidan Gao, Zeyu Dong, Dong Han, Vadim V. Gorodov, Elena Y. Kramarenko, Jun Zou
Integrated printing of magnetic soft robots with complex structures using recyclable materials to achieve sustainability of the soft robots remains a persistent challenge. Here, we propose a kind of ferromagnetic fibers that can be used to print soft robots with complex structures. These ferromagnetic fibers are recyclable and can make soft robots sustainable. The ferromagnetic fibers based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/NdFeB hybrid particles are extruded by an extruder. We use a desktop three-dimensional (3D) printer to demonstrate the feasibility of printing two-dimensional (2D) and complex 3D soft robots. These printed soft robots can be recycled and reprinted into new robots once their tasks are completed. Moreover, these robots show almost no difference in actuation capability compared to prior versions and have new functions. Successful applications include lifting, grasping, and moving objects, and these functions can be operated untethered wirelessly. In addition, the locomotion of the magnetic soft robot in a human stomach model shows the prospect of medical applications. Overall, these fully recyclable ferromagnetic fibers pave the way for printing and reprinting sustainable soft robots while also effectively reducing e-waste and robotics waste materials, which is important for resource conservation and environmental protection.
{"title":"Sustainable and untethered soft robots created using printable and recyclable ferromagnetic fibers","authors":"Wei Tang, Yidan Gao, Zeyu Dong, Dong Han, Vadim V. Gorodov, Elena Y. Kramarenko, Jun Zou","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00303-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00303-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrated printing of magnetic soft robots with complex structures using recyclable materials to achieve sustainability of the soft robots remains a persistent challenge. Here, we propose a kind of ferromagnetic fibers that can be used to print soft robots with complex structures. These ferromagnetic fibers are recyclable and can make soft robots sustainable. The ferromagnetic fibers based on thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/NdFeB hybrid particles are extruded by an extruder. We use a desktop three-dimensional (3D) printer to demonstrate the feasibility of printing two-dimensional (2D) and complex 3D soft robots. These printed soft robots can be recycled and reprinted into new robots once their tasks are completed. Moreover, these robots show almost no difference in actuation capability compared to prior versions and have new functions. Successful applications include lifting, grasping, and moving objects, and these functions can be operated untethered wirelessly. In addition, the locomotion of the magnetic soft robot in a human stomach model shows the prospect of medical applications. Overall, these fully recyclable ferromagnetic fibers pave the way for printing and reprinting sustainable soft robots while also effectively reducing e-waste and robotics waste materials, which is important for resource conservation and environmental protection.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00280-8
Yanhao Hou, Weiguang Wang, Paulo Bartolo
Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds that are produced through additive manufacturing are one of the most researched bone tissue engineering structures in the field. Due to the intrinsic limitations of PCL, carbon nanomaterials are often investigated to reinforce the PCL scaffolds. Despite several studies that have been conducted on carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO), certain challenges remain in terms of the precise design of the biological and nonbiological properties of the scaffolds. This paper addresses this limitation by investigating both the nonbiological (element composition, surface, degradation, and thermal and mechanical properties) and biological characteristics of carbon nanomaterial-reinforced PCL scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Results showed that the incorporation of G and GO increased surface properties (reduced modulus and wettability), material crystallinity, crystallization temperature, and degradation rate. However, the variations in compressive modulus, strength, surface hardness, and cell metabolic activity strongly depended on the type of reinforcement. Finally, a series of phenomenological models were developed based on experimental results to describe the variations of scaffold’s weight, fiber diameter, porosity, and mechanical properties as functions of degradation time and carbon nanomaterial concentrations. The results presented in this paper enable the design of three-dimensional (3D) bone scaffolds with tuned properties by adjusting the type and concentration of different functional fillers.
Graphic abstract
通过增材制造生产的聚己内酯（PCL）支架是该领域研究最多的骨组织工程结构之一。由于 PCL 本身的局限性，人们经常研究碳纳米材料来加固 PCL 支架。尽管对石墨烯（G）和氧化石墨烯（GO）等碳纳米材料进行了多项研究，但在支架的生物和非生物特性的精确设计方面仍存在一定的挑战。本文通过研究碳纳米材料增强 PCL 支架在骨组织工程应用中的非生物特性（元素组成、表面、降解、热和机械特性）和生物特性，解决了这一局限性。结果表明，G 和 GO 的加入增加了表面特性（模量和润湿性降低）、材料结晶度、结晶温度和降解率。然而，压缩模量、强度、表面硬度和细胞代谢活性的变化在很大程度上取决于增强材料的类型。最后，根据实验结果建立了一系列现象学模型，以描述支架重量、纤维直径、孔隙率和机械性能随降解时间和碳纳米材料浓度的变化。本文介绍的结果有助于通过调整不同功能填料的类型和浓度，设计出具有可调特性的三维（3D）骨支架。
{"title":"In vitro investigations on the effects of graphene and graphene oxide on polycaprolactone bone tissue engineering scaffolds","authors":"Yanhao Hou, Weiguang Wang, Paulo Bartolo","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00280-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00280-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds that are produced through additive manufacturing are one of the most researched bone tissue engineering structures in the field. Due to the intrinsic limitations of PCL, carbon nanomaterials are often investigated to reinforce the PCL scaffolds. Despite several studies that have been conducted on carbon nanomaterials, such as graphene (G) and graphene oxide (GO), certain challenges remain in terms of the precise design of the biological and nonbiological properties of the scaffolds. This paper addresses this limitation by investigating both the nonbiological (element composition, surface, degradation, and thermal and mechanical properties) and biological characteristics of carbon nanomaterial-reinforced PCL scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications. Results showed that the incorporation of G and GO increased surface properties (reduced modulus and wettability), material crystallinity, crystallization temperature, and degradation rate. However, the variations in compressive modulus, strength, surface hardness, and cell metabolic activity strongly depended on the type of reinforcement. Finally, a series of phenomenological models were developed based on experimental results to describe the variations of scaffold’s weight, fiber diameter, porosity, and mechanical properties as functions of degradation time and carbon nanomaterial concentrations. The results presented in this paper enable the design of three-dimensional (3D) bone scaffolds with tuned properties by adjusting the type and concentration of different functional fillers.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"181 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00289-z
Bilgesu Kaya, Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas
The plausibility of human exposure to particulate matter (PM) has witnessed an increase within the last several years. PM of different sizes has been discovered in the atmosphere given the role of dust transport in weather and climate composition. As a regulator, the lung epithelium orchestrates the innate response to local damage. Herein, we developed a lung epithelium-on-a-chip platform consisting of easily moldable polydimethylsiloxane layers along with a thin, flexible, and transparent ionic liquid-based poly(hydroxyethyl) methacrylate gel membrane. The epithelium was formed through the culture of human lung epithelial cells (Calu-3) on this membrane. The mechanical stress at the air–liquid interface during inhalation/exhalation was recapitulated using an Arduino-based servo motor system, which applied a uniaxial tensile strength from the two sides of the chip with 10% strain and a frequency of 0.2 Hz. Subsequently, the administration of silica nanoparticles (PM0.5) with an average size of 463 nm to the on-chip platform under static, dynamic, and dynamic + mechanical stress (DMS) conditions demonstrated the effect of environmental pollutants on lung epithelium. The viability and release of lactate dehydrogenase were determined along with proinflammatory response through the quantification of tumor necrosis factor-α, which indicated alterations in the epithelium.
{"title":"Ionic liquid-based transparent membrane-coupled human lung epithelium-on-a-chip demonstrating PM0.5 pollution effect under breathing mechanostress","authors":"Bilgesu Kaya, Ozlem Yesil-Celiktas","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00289-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00289-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The plausibility of human exposure to particulate matter (PM) has witnessed an increase within the last several years. PM of different sizes has been discovered in the atmosphere given the role of dust transport in weather and climate composition. As a regulator, the lung epithelium orchestrates the innate response to local damage. Herein, we developed a lung epithelium-on-a-chip platform consisting of easily moldable polydimethylsiloxane layers along with a thin, flexible, and transparent ionic liquid-based poly(hydroxyethyl) methacrylate gel membrane. The epithelium was formed through the culture of human lung epithelial cells (Calu-3) on this membrane. The mechanical stress at the air–liquid interface during inhalation/exhalation was recapitulated using an Arduino-based servo motor system, which applied a uniaxial tensile strength from the two sides of the chip with 10% strain and a frequency of 0.2 Hz. Subsequently, the administration of silica nanoparticles (PM0.5) with an average size of 463 nm to the on-chip platform under static, dynamic, and dynamic + mechanical stress (DMS) conditions demonstrated the effect of environmental pollutants on lung epithelium. The viability and release of lactate dehydrogenase were determined along with proinflammatory response through the quantification of tumor necrosis factor-α, which indicated alterations in the epithelium.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1007/s42242-024-00311-4
Li Yuan, Chen Yuan, Jiawei Wei, Shue Jin, Yi Zuo, Yubao Li, Xinjie Liang, Jidong Li
The combined use of guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) membranes and bone filling grafts represents a classical therapy for guiding the regeneration and functional reconstruction of oral soft and hard tissues. Nevertheless, due to its displacement and poor mechanical support, bone meal is not suitable for implantation in the case of insufficient cortical bone support and large dimensional defects. The combination of GTR/GBR membrane with a three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffold may offer a resolution for the repair and functional reconstruction of large soft and hard tissue defects. In this study, a novel integrated gradient biodegradable porous scaffold was prepared by bonding a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/fish collagen (FC) electrospun membrane (PFC) to a 3D-printed PLGA/nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) (PHA) scaffold. The consistency of the composition (PLGA) ensured strong interfacial bonding between the upper fibrous membrane and the lower 3D scaffold. In vitro cell experiments showed that the PFC membrane (upper layer) effectively prevented the unwanted migration of L929 cells. Further in vivo investigations with an oral soft and hard tissue defect model in beagles revealed that the integrated scaffold effectively guided the regeneration of defective oral tissues. These results suggest that the designed integrated scaffold has great potential for guiding the regeneration and reconstruction of large oral soft and hard tissues.
{"title":"Electrospinning/3D printing-integrated porous scaffold guides oral tissue regeneration in beagles","authors":"Li Yuan, Chen Yuan, Jiawei Wei, Shue Jin, Yi Zuo, Yubao Li, Xinjie Liang, Jidong Li","doi":"10.1007/s42242-024-00311-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42242-024-00311-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The combined use of guided tissue/bone regeneration (GTR/GBR) membranes and bone filling grafts represents a classical therapy for guiding the regeneration and functional reconstruction of oral soft and hard tissues. Nevertheless, due to its displacement and poor mechanical support, bone meal is not suitable for implantation in the case of insufficient cortical bone support and large dimensional defects. The combination of GTR/GBR membrane with a three-dimensional (3D) porous scaffold may offer a resolution for the repair and functional reconstruction of large soft and hard tissue defects. In this study, a novel integrated gradient biodegradable porous scaffold was prepared by bonding a poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/fish collagen (FC) electrospun membrane (PFC) to a 3D-printed PLGA/nano-hydroxyapatite (HA) (PHA) scaffold. The consistency of the composition (PLGA) ensured strong interfacial bonding between the upper fibrous membrane and the lower 3D scaffold. In vitro cell experiments showed that the PFC membrane (upper layer) effectively prevented the unwanted migration of L929 cells. Further in vivo investigations with an oral soft and hard tissue defect model in beagles revealed that the integrated scaffold effectively guided the regeneration of defective oral tissues. These results suggest that the designed integrated scaffold has great potential for guiding the regeneration and reconstruction of large oral soft and hard tissues.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphic abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":48627,"journal":{"name":"Bio-Design and Manufacturing","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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