Pub Date : 2023-01-04DOI: 10.3389/fmech.2022.1124104
D. Benasciutti, J. Correia, S. Abdullah, J. Papuga
Engineering components and structural details may be subjected in service to quite different loading conditions: high-cycle or low-cycle fatigue (with constant or variable amplitudes), static loadings and/or overloads, vibrations, creep, stress corrosion–just to cite a few examples. Whatever the loading condition, an assessment of the structural integrity for a structural detail must ensure an adequate safety margin against unexpected failures with potential catastrophic consequences. This goal is pursued by the use of theoretical, numerical and experimental approaches, often combined. For example, laboratory tests to estimate fundamental material properties, or full-scale tests to validate a finite element analysis implementing suitable strength models. Most often, scientific research deals with each of these areas separately, by proposing unconventional strength criteria, developing numerical techniques, or testing the durability of specific categories of traditional and advanced materials. The four papers of this Research Topic address some of the above-mentioned Research Topic by means of theoretical and/or experimental studies that cover application areas from mechanical to civil engineering. The paper by Gaidai et al. presents an approach to predict the extreme response in the mooring system of a floating wind turbine (FWT) based on extreme value statistics and a bivariate correction approach. As a case study, the approach is applied to a 10 MW large three-bladed FWT. The fully coupled aero-hydro-elastic-servo dynamic analysis of the FWT is performed by the open source simulation tool FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence). The FAST tool computed the aerodynamic loads on the blades and hydrodynamic loads on semi-submersible floater, other than the structural dynamic response, and eventually returned the time series of anchor tension force and surge motion of the wind turbine under different operation conditions, to be processed in the OPEN ACCESS
工程部件和结构细节在使用中可能受到完全不同的载荷条件:高周或低周疲劳(恒定或可变振幅)，静态载荷和/或超载，振动，蠕变，应力腐蚀-仅举几个例子。无论荷载条件如何，结构细节的结构完整性评估必须确保有足够的安全裕度，以防止意外破坏和潜在的灾难性后果。这一目标是通过使用理论、数值和实验方法来实现的，通常是结合使用的。例如，用于估计基本材料特性的实验室测试，或用于验证实现合适强度模型的有限元分析的全尺寸测试。通常，科学研究通过提出非常规的强度标准，开发数值技术，或测试特定类别的传统和先进材料的耐久性，分别处理这些领域。本研究课题的四篇论文通过理论和/或实验研究的方式解决了上述研究课题的一些问题，涵盖了从机械到土木工程的应用领域。Gaidai等人提出了一种基于极值统计和二元校正的浮式风力机系泊系统极端响应预测方法。作为一个案例研究，该方法应用于一个10兆瓦的大型三叶片FWT。利用开源仿真工具FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence)对FWT进行气动-水-弹-伺服全耦合动力学分析。FAST工具除计算结构动力响应外，还计算叶片上的气动载荷和半潜式浮子上的水动力载荷，最终返回风机在不同工况下的锚锚拉力和喘振运动的时间序列，在OPEN ACCESS中进行处理
{"title":"Editorial: Structural integrity and durability of engineering materials and components","authors":"D. Benasciutti, J. Correia, S. Abdullah, J. Papuga","doi":"10.3389/fmech.2022.1124104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.1124104","url":null,"abstract":"Engineering components and structural details may be subjected in service to quite different loading conditions: high-cycle or low-cycle fatigue (with constant or variable amplitudes), static loadings and/or overloads, vibrations, creep, stress corrosion–just to cite a few examples. Whatever the loading condition, an assessment of the structural integrity for a structural detail must ensure an adequate safety margin against unexpected failures with potential catastrophic consequences. This goal is pursued by the use of theoretical, numerical and experimental approaches, often combined. For example, laboratory tests to estimate fundamental material properties, or full-scale tests to validate a finite element analysis implementing suitable strength models. Most often, scientific research deals with each of these areas separately, by proposing unconventional strength criteria, developing numerical techniques, or testing the durability of specific categories of traditional and advanced materials. The four papers of this Research Topic address some of the above-mentioned Research Topic by means of theoretical and/or experimental studies that cover application areas from mechanical to civil engineering. The paper by Gaidai et al. presents an approach to predict the extreme response in the mooring system of a floating wind turbine (FWT) based on extreme value statistics and a bivariate correction approach. As a case study, the approach is applied to a 10 MW large three-bladed FWT. The fully coupled aero-hydro-elastic-servo dynamic analysis of the FWT is performed by the open source simulation tool FAST (Fatigue, Aerodynamics, Structures and Turbulence). The FAST tool computed the aerodynamic loads on the blades and hydrodynamic loads on semi-submersible floater, other than the structural dynamic response, and eventually returned the time series of anchor tension force and surge motion of the wind turbine under different operation conditions, to be processed in the OPEN ACCESS","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43141580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1007/s11465-022-0724-0
M. Shen, F. Fang
{"title":"Advances in polishing of internal structures on parts made by laser-based powder bed fusion","authors":"M. Shen, F. Fang","doi":"10.1007/s11465-022-0724-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-022-0724-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44975636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1007/s11465-022-0718-y
Puyi Wang, Y. Bai, Chuanliang Fu, Cheng Lin
{"title":"Lightweight design of an electric bus body structure with analytical target cascading","authors":"Puyi Wang, Y. Bai, Chuanliang Fu, Cheng Lin","doi":"10.1007/s11465-022-0718-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-022-0718-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48733281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1007/s11465-022-0730-2
Yang Cao, B. Zhao, W. Ding, Qiang Huang
{"title":"Vibration characteristics and machining performance of a novel perforated ultrasonic vibration platform in the grinding of particulate-reinforced titanium matrix composites","authors":"Yang Cao, B. Zhao, W. Ding, Qiang Huang","doi":"10.1007/s11465-022-0730-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-022-0730-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48476896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1007/s11465-022-0717-z
Yuying Yang, Min Yang, Changhe Li, Runze Li, Z. Said, H. M. Ali, Shubham Sharma
{"title":"Machinability of ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-grinding in biological bone using nanolubricant","authors":"Yuying Yang, Min Yang, Changhe Li, Runze Li, Z. Said, H. M. Ali, Shubham Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s11465-022-0717-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-022-0717-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49021027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Helical gears are widely used in various mechanical transmissions. Thus, analysing gear contact stresses is crucial to improve the fatigue limit and life of gears. In this paper, the contact stress of helical gear is analyzed by finite element simulation and experimental verification. The effect of coefficient of friction on the contact stress of helical gears is analysed, with given coefficients of friction. The following conclusions can be drawn through simulation and test. 1) The contact stress increases with the coefficient of friction in the early stage of meshing. 2) The contact stress decreases with the increase in the coefficient of friction in the late stage of meshing. 3) The gear contact fatigue test shows that the location of fatigue pitting on the tooth surface is consistent with that of the simulated maximum stress point. The friction-reducing coating on the gear surface can decrease the coefficient of friction between the tooth surfaces and thus effectively improve the gear contact fatigue life.
{"title":"Numerical and experimental research of helical gear contact stress considering the influence of friction","authors":"Xiaopeng Yang, Shunliang Yin, Yong-Yan Chen, Y. Zhang, Shuang Zhang, Yimin Wu","doi":"10.3389/fmech.2022.1078134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.1078134","url":null,"abstract":"Helical gears are widely used in various mechanical transmissions. Thus, analysing gear contact stresses is crucial to improve the fatigue limit and life of gears. In this paper, the contact stress of helical gear is analyzed by finite element simulation and experimental verification. The effect of coefficient of friction on the contact stress of helical gears is analysed, with given coefficients of friction. The following conclusions can be drawn through simulation and test. 1) The contact stress increases with the coefficient of friction in the early stage of meshing. 2) The contact stress decreases with the increase in the coefficient of friction in the late stage of meshing. 3) The gear contact fatigue test shows that the location of fatigue pitting on the tooth surface is consistent with that of the simulated maximum stress point. The friction-reducing coating on the gear surface can decrease the coefficient of friction between the tooth surfaces and thus effectively improve the gear contact fatigue life.","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46055826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.3389/fmech.2022.1074393
Fabian Forsbach, M. Hess, A. Papangelo
The complex physics behind electroadhesion-based tactile displays poses an enormous modeling challenge since not only the fingerpad structure with multiple non-linear layers, but also the roughness at the microscopic scale play a decisive role. To investigate tactile perception, a potential model should also offer the possibility to extract mechanical stimuli at the sites of the relevant mechanoreceptors. In this paper, we present a two-scale approach that involves a finite element model (FEM) at the macroscopic scale and a simple bearing area model (BAM) that accounts for the measured roughness on the papillary ridges. Both separate scales couple in an iterative way using the concept of an equivalent air gap. We show that the electroadhesion-induced changes in friction and contact area predicted by the proposed model are in qualitative agreement with recent experimental studies. In a simple example, we demonstrate that the model can readily be extended by a neural dynamics model to investigate the tactile perception of electroadhesion.
{"title":"A two-scale FEM-BAM approach for fingerpad friction under electroadhesion","authors":"Fabian Forsbach, M. Hess, A. Papangelo","doi":"10.3389/fmech.2022.1074393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.1074393","url":null,"abstract":"The complex physics behind electroadhesion-based tactile displays poses an enormous modeling challenge since not only the fingerpad structure with multiple non-linear layers, but also the roughness at the microscopic scale play a decisive role. To investigate tactile perception, a potential model should also offer the possibility to extract mechanical stimuli at the sites of the relevant mechanoreceptors. In this paper, we present a two-scale approach that involves a finite element model (FEM) at the macroscopic scale and a simple bearing area model (BAM) that accounts for the measured roughness on the papillary ridges. Both separate scales couple in an iterative way using the concept of an equivalent air gap. We show that the electroadhesion-induced changes in friction and contact area predicted by the proposed model are in qualitative agreement with recent experimental studies. In a simple example, we demonstrate that the model can readily be extended by a neural dynamics model to investigate the tactile perception of electroadhesion.","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43968390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.3389/fmech.2022.1061905
L. Di Angelo, R. Furferi, F. Gherardini, E. Guardiani
Purpose: This paper aims to enhance the visual quality of artificial above-ground structures, like pylons, masts, and towers of infrastructures and facilities, through a systematic design method for their morphological and structural optimization. Design/methodology/approach: The method achieves the functional and aesthetic goals based on the application of computer-aided tools. In particular, this is achieved according to three key steps: • Morphological development of landscape-related symbolism, environment, or culture and social needs. • Topology optimization of the design concept to reduce the structural weight and its visual impact. • Engineering of the resulting optimized structure. Practical implications: As a case study, the method is used for designing electricity pylons for the coastal territory of a Mediterranean European country, such as Italy. Citizens were involved during the identification phase of a symbolic shape for the concept development and during the final assessment phase. Research limitations/implications: The engineering phase has been performed by assembling standard lattice components with welded connections. Even if the use of this truss-like structure should lead to a minimum cost, the developed structure employs an additional 15%–20% of trusses and sheet metal covers the final cost is higher than a standard lattice pylon. Findings: The result is a structure with enhanced visual quality according to the international guidelines and fully complying with mandatory and functional requirements, such as regulatory and industrial feasibility, as well as those arising from social components. Originality/value: The method shows its potential in defining a custom design for lightweight structures with enhanced visual quality regarding the critical situation discussed here. The method considers both the subjective perception of citizens and their priorities and the landscape where the structures will be installed.
{"title":"The integration of morphological design and topology optimization to enhance the visual quality of electricity pylons","authors":"L. Di Angelo, R. Furferi, F. Gherardini, E. Guardiani","doi":"10.3389/fmech.2022.1061905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.1061905","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This paper aims to enhance the visual quality of artificial above-ground structures, like pylons, masts, and towers of infrastructures and facilities, through a systematic design method for their morphological and structural optimization. Design/methodology/approach: The method achieves the functional and aesthetic goals based on the application of computer-aided tools. In particular, this is achieved according to three key steps: • Morphological development of landscape-related symbolism, environment, or culture and social needs. • Topology optimization of the design concept to reduce the structural weight and its visual impact. • Engineering of the resulting optimized structure. Practical implications: As a case study, the method is used for designing electricity pylons for the coastal territory of a Mediterranean European country, such as Italy. Citizens were involved during the identification phase of a symbolic shape for the concept development and during the final assessment phase. Research limitations/implications: The engineering phase has been performed by assembling standard lattice components with welded connections. Even if the use of this truss-like structure should lead to a minimum cost, the developed structure employs an additional 15%–20% of trusses and sheet metal covers the final cost is higher than a standard lattice pylon. Findings: The result is a structure with enhanced visual quality according to the international guidelines and fully complying with mandatory and functional requirements, such as regulatory and industrial feasibility, as well as those arising from social components. Originality/value: The method shows its potential in defining a custom design for lightweight structures with enhanced visual quality regarding the critical situation discussed here. The method considers both the subjective perception of citizens and their priorities and the landscape where the structures will be installed.","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49268767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.3389/fmech.2022.1059018
L. Atwood, N. Wagenbrenner
Firebrand impingement is a leading cause of home ignitions from wildland fire. The use of porous fencing has recently been proposed as a potential method for mitigating firebrand impingement on homes. A porous fence can act as a windbreak to alter the near-surface flow and induce particle deposition, as demonstrated in other applications, such as the use of snow fences to protect roadways from drifting snow. Conservation advocates have proposed the use of fire-resistant vegetation to act as a fence upwind of homes or subdivisions. Porous fences could also be constructed from fire-resistant materials such as metal, rock, or composites. This numerical investigation of the effectiveness of porous fencing to reduce firebrand impingement on homes conducted a series of experiments to explore the effect of porous fencing on the near-surface flow field and firebrand transport downwind of the fence. We also evaluated the sensitivity of the results to various fence, flow, and firebrand properties, including fence height, fence porosity, wind speed, firebrand source location, and firebrand size. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the concept of using a fence to induce firebrand deposition upwind of homes. Our results showed that porous fencing can reduce firebrand impingement on homes by up to 35% under certain conditions; however, fencing can also increase impingement on homes. The mitigation effectiveness depended on the proximity of the firebrand source, distance between the fence and home as a function of fence height, wind speed, and firebrand size. A series of key findings and recommendations are provided.
{"title":"A numerical investigation exploring the potential role of porous fencing in reducing firebrand impingement on homes","authors":"L. Atwood, N. Wagenbrenner","doi":"10.3389/fmech.2022.1059018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmech.2022.1059018","url":null,"abstract":"Firebrand impingement is a leading cause of home ignitions from wildland fire. The use of porous fencing has recently been proposed as a potential method for mitigating firebrand impingement on homes. A porous fence can act as a windbreak to alter the near-surface flow and induce particle deposition, as demonstrated in other applications, such as the use of snow fences to protect roadways from drifting snow. Conservation advocates have proposed the use of fire-resistant vegetation to act as a fence upwind of homes or subdivisions. Porous fences could also be constructed from fire-resistant materials such as metal, rock, or composites. This numerical investigation of the effectiveness of porous fencing to reduce firebrand impingement on homes conducted a series of experiments to explore the effect of porous fencing on the near-surface flow field and firebrand transport downwind of the fence. We also evaluated the sensitivity of the results to various fence, flow, and firebrand properties, including fence height, fence porosity, wind speed, firebrand source location, and firebrand size. To our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the concept of using a fence to induce firebrand deposition upwind of homes. Our results showed that porous fencing can reduce firebrand impingement on homes by up to 35% under certain conditions; however, fencing can also increase impingement on homes. The mitigation effectiveness depended on the proximity of the firebrand source, distance between the fence and home as a function of fence height, wind speed, and firebrand size. A series of key findings and recommendations are provided.","PeriodicalId":48635,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44755426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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