Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5710
Subhrajit Ray, Sourajit Acharya, P. K. Barik, Sonali Das
Polymeric materials, when reinforced with synthetic fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid, offer notable advantages including increased stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio compared to conventional materials such as wood, concrete, and steel. Among these options, glass fiber stands out due to its affordability and widespread availability. Glass fiber reinforced polymer composites exhibit moderate mechanical properties, which can be significantly enhanced by incorporating nano fillers like eggshell powder. This study explores the utilization of nano eggshell powder as well as methods for effectively integrating nano fillers into polymer composites to create value-added products. Four types of composites, varying in weight proportions of nano eggshell powders, were prepared using the hand lay-up technique for mechanical and thermal characterizations. Various mechanical properties including tensile strength, flexural strength, impact behavior, as well as thermal properties via TGA and DMA analysis were investigated. The results indicate that incorporating the optimal amount of nano fillers significantly improves the overall strength of glass fiber reinforced composite materials, leading to cost savings of over 30%. This suggests that nano eggshell fillers hold great potential in composite manufacturing, particularly for substituting high-cost glass fibers in low load-bearing applications.
{"title":"Study on Mechanical Properties of Polymer Composites Filled with Nano Egg-shell Powder","authors":"Subhrajit Ray, Sourajit Acharya, P. K. Barik, Sonali Das","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5710","url":null,"abstract":"Polymeric materials, when reinforced with synthetic fibers like glass, carbon, and aramid, offer notable advantages including increased stiffness and strength-to-weight ratio compared to conventional materials such as wood, concrete, and steel. Among these options, glass fiber stands out due to its affordability and widespread availability. Glass fiber reinforced polymer composites exhibit moderate mechanical properties, which can be significantly enhanced by incorporating nano fillers like eggshell powder. This study explores the utilization of nano eggshell powder as well as methods for effectively integrating nano fillers into polymer composites to create value-added products. Four types of composites, varying in weight proportions of nano eggshell powders, were prepared using the hand lay-up technique for mechanical and thermal characterizations. Various mechanical properties including tensile strength, flexural strength, impact behavior, as well as thermal properties via TGA and DMA analysis were investigated. The results indicate that incorporating the optimal amount of nano fillers significantly improves the overall strength of glass fiber reinforced composite materials, leading to cost savings of over 30%. This suggests that nano eggshell fillers hold great potential in composite manufacturing, particularly for substituting high-cost glass fibers in low load-bearing applications.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"59 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140976188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5708
Julia Hecht, Bernhard Langer
Basic medical care should be accessible to all people without restriction. However, the distribution of practices in rural areas is often limited to the centers, meaning that distances have to be covered. The Federal Joint Committee (G-BA), the highest decision-making body of the joint self-government of physicians, dentists, hospitals and health insurance funds in Germany, only states for cars that 95% of the population should be able to reach general practitioners (GPs) in less than 20 minutes on average. The aim of this study was to determine the geographic accessibility of GP practices by car and public transport. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area in the north-east of Germany called Neustrelitz Central Zone and reported according to the STROBE statement. Geographic data of OpenStreetMap and the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy and GP practices data of the Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg were used. Based on the method of minimum travel time, the required travel times by car and public transport from the local centers to the three nearest physician locations were determined using various online tools. On average, inhabitants need 10.7 minutes to reach the three nearest GP practices by car, up to a maximum of 19 minutes. The average travel time by public transport for an appointment at 10 a.m. is four hours and twelve minutes. While it is possible for all municipalities (and their inhabitants) to reach the nearest GP practices in time for an appointment at 10 a.m. and to complete the return journey on the same day, this is no longer possible for 35% of municipalities (and their inhabitants) for an appointment at 3 p.m. and for 53% for an appointment at 5 p.m. In the Neustrelitz Central Zone, the accessibility of GP practices by car is ensured in accordance with the G-BA statements. On the other hand, the accessibility of GP practices by public transport can be a problem for people who do not have their own car. This could be remedied, for example, by expanding eHealth or mobile medical practices.
{"title":"Geographic Accessibility of General Practitioners by Car and Public Transport - A Study Using the Minimum Travel Time Method in a Rural Area in the North-East of Germany","authors":"Julia Hecht, Bernhard Langer","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5708","url":null,"abstract":"Basic medical care should be accessible to all people without restriction. However, the distribution of practices in rural areas is often limited to the centers, meaning that distances have to be covered. The Federal Joint Committee (G-BA), the highest decision-making body of the joint self-government of physicians, dentists, hospitals and health insurance funds in Germany, only states for cars that 95% of the population should be able to reach general practitioners (GPs) in less than 20 minutes on average. The aim of this study was to determine the geographic accessibility of GP practices by car and public transport.\u0000A cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural area in the north-east of Germany called Neustrelitz Central Zone and reported according to the STROBE statement. Geographic data of OpenStreetMap and the Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy and GP practices data of the Associations of Statutory Health Insurance Physicians Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg were used. Based on the method of minimum travel time, the required travel times by car and public transport from the local centers to the three nearest physician locations were determined using various online tools.\u0000On average, inhabitants need 10.7 minutes to reach the three nearest GP practices by car, up to a maximum of 19 minutes. The average travel time by public transport for an appointment at 10 a.m. is four hours and twelve minutes. While it is possible for all municipalities (and their inhabitants) to reach the nearest GP practices in time for an appointment at 10 a.m. and to complete the return journey on the same day, this is no longer possible for 35% of municipalities (and their inhabitants) for an appointment at 3 p.m. and for 53% for an appointment at 5 p.m.\u0000In the Neustrelitz Central Zone, the accessibility of GP practices by car is ensured in accordance with the G-BA statements. On the other hand, the accessibility of GP practices by public transport can be a problem for people who do not have their own car. This could be remedied, for example, by expanding eHealth or mobile medical practices.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"39 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140974596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5707
C. Shanmugaraj, V. Jaiganesh, H.M. Akshay Kumar, M.K. Biswas
Researchers in plant pathology in recent times; have faced obstacles in finding chemical-free methods to combat postharvest fungal infections on a large scale. While conventional approaches like heat treatments have been utilized, they often present drawbacks such as altering food quality or causing harm to the environment. An encouraging alternative is a cold plasma, which consists of a blend of gas-derived atoms, excited molecules, and charged particles. Unlike alternative treatments, cold plasma has demonstrated no adverse effects on fresh produce or the environment. This review delves into the potential of cold plasma technology in managing postharvest fungal diseases, offering insights into plasma generation systems and examining both in vivo and in vitro studies. By evaluating the benefits, constraints, and current research gaps, this review seeks to guide for implementation of cold plasma technology in commercial settings.
{"title":"Harnessing Cold Plasma: An Innovative Strategy for Managing Postharvest Fungal Infections in Plants","authors":"C. Shanmugaraj, V. Jaiganesh, H.M. Akshay Kumar, M.K. Biswas","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5707","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers in plant pathology in recent times; have faced obstacles in finding chemical-free methods to combat postharvest fungal infections on a large scale. While conventional approaches like heat treatments have been utilized, they often present drawbacks such as altering food quality or causing harm to the environment. An encouraging alternative is a cold plasma, which consists of a blend of gas-derived atoms, excited molecules, and charged particles. Unlike alternative treatments, cold plasma has demonstrated no adverse effects on fresh produce or the environment. This review delves into the potential of cold plasma technology in managing postharvest fungal diseases, offering insights into plasma generation systems and examining both in vivo and in vitro studies. By evaluating the benefits, constraints, and current research gaps, this review seeks to guide for implementation of cold plasma technology in commercial settings.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"53 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140983434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The system of India’s economy predominantly depends on agriculture. It is contains attractive good qualities of calories. The present research study on entitled “Estimation of Cost and Income of Onion Production: A Case Study of Ballia District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh This research article focused on the following specific objectives are (1) To work out the cropping intensity, costs-return and input-output relationship of onion cultivation in the district and second objectives (2) To find out the constraints in production of onion confronted by Farmers. Multistage stages sampling technique were used for selection of respondent. Primary data was collected by personal interview methods with the use of pre structured and pre listed schedule questionnaire. Finally 100 farmers were selected randomly from four selected villages. The data were related to the Rabi season in the agriculture cropping year 2021-22. Overall average costs of cultivation of respondent were found per hectare to be Rs. 111493.95. The higher costs of cultivation were observed on medium farms to Rs.118430.40 fallowed by small farms and marginal as Rs.109070.72 and Rs.106980.72 per hectare respectively. Per quintal cost of production and ratio of cost of Input –output analysis were calculated cost A1 toC1, C2 and C3 basis.
{"title":"Estimation of Cost and Income of Onion Production: A Case Study of Ballia District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"Ram Tirath, Annapurna Panday, Munendra Pal, Hraday Kumar","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5709","url":null,"abstract":"The system of India’s economy predominantly depends on agriculture. It is contains attractive good qualities of calories. The present research study on entitled “Estimation of Cost and Income of Onion Production: A Case Study of Ballia District of Eastern Uttar Pradesh This research article focused on the following specific objectives are (1) To work out the cropping intensity, costs-return and input-output relationship of onion cultivation in the district and second objectives (2) To find out the constraints in production of onion confronted by Farmers. Multistage stages sampling technique were used for selection of respondent. Primary data was collected by personal interview methods with the use of pre structured and pre listed schedule questionnaire. Finally 100 farmers were selected randomly from four selected villages. The data were related to the Rabi season in the agriculture cropping year 2021-22. Overall average costs of cultivation of respondent were found per hectare to be Rs. 111493.95. The higher costs of cultivation were observed on medium farms to Rs.118430.40 fallowed by small farms and marginal as Rs.109070.72 and Rs.106980.72 per hectare respectively. Per quintal cost of production and ratio of cost of Input –output analysis were calculated cost A1 toC1, C2 and C3 basis.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"108 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140986008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plant growth and development are intricately regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways that respond to internal and external cues. Central to these regulatory mechanisms are the signaling pathways of growth promoters and inhibitors. Various growth-promoting hormones, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids, stimulate cell division, elongation, and differentiation, playing vital roles in shaping plant architecture and influencing various developmental processes. The pathways of these growth promoters involve specific receptors and transcription factors that orchestrate growth in response to dynamic signals. In contrast, growth inhibitors, represented by hormones like abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, act as crucial checkpoints that restrict growth during stress, pathogen attacks, or other adverse conditions. These signaling pathways trigger growth inhibition and activate defense mechanisms, enabling plants to adapt to challenging environments. Balancing the interplay between growth promoters and inhibitors allows plants to allocate resources efficiently and ensure their survival under changing circumstances. Understanding these signaling pathways is not only fundamental to plant biology but also essential for applications in agriculture, horticulture, and environmental management. This abstract provides a concise overview of these essential processes. This knowledge enables us to manipulate plant growth and development for improved crop yields, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. Ongoing research continues to unravel the complexities of these pathways, offering valuable insights into how plants delicately balance growth promotion and inhibition to thrive in an ever-evolving world.
{"title":"Signalling: Growth Promoters and Inhibitors","authors":"Immadisetty Mohan, Rubina Gill, Kopparthi Vijayaram Reddy, Akkiraju Tejasree","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5705","url":null,"abstract":"Plant growth and development are intricately regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways that respond to internal and external cues. Central to these regulatory mechanisms are the signaling pathways of growth promoters and inhibitors. Various growth-promoting hormones, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids, stimulate cell division, elongation, and differentiation, playing vital roles in shaping plant architecture and influencing various developmental processes. The pathways of these growth promoters involve specific receptors and transcription factors that orchestrate growth in response to dynamic signals. In contrast, growth inhibitors, represented by hormones like abscisic acid, ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid, act as crucial checkpoints that restrict growth during stress, pathogen attacks, or other adverse conditions. These signaling pathways trigger growth inhibition and activate defense mechanisms, enabling plants to adapt to challenging environments. Balancing the interplay between growth promoters and inhibitors allows plants to allocate resources efficiently and ensure their survival under changing circumstances. Understanding these signaling pathways is not only fundamental to plant biology but also essential for applications in agriculture, horticulture, and environmental management. This abstract provides a concise overview of these essential processes. This knowledge enables us to manipulate plant growth and development for improved crop yields, disease resistance, and stress tolerance. Ongoing research continues to unravel the complexities of these pathways, offering valuable insights into how plants delicately balance growth promotion and inhibition to thrive in an ever-evolving world.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"10 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140988084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-11DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5706
Dheeraj Shinde, P. A. Patil, S. S. Godase, S. V. Karanje, M. A. Jadhav
Disseminating knowledge and information within the farming community in a short period is a difficult task in developing countries. In the present era, social media may mislead the farming community, resulting in heavy losses. So, agricultural exhibitions based on the principles of ‘Seeing is believing’ & ‘Learning by doing’ must be planned to provide a real site of state-of-the-art advanced technologies developed by different agencies. So, the present study was conducted to analyze the impact of the Live Agricultural Expo, i.e. Krushik-2024, to get information regarding the behaviour and feedback of farmers visiting the Exhibition. The study reveals that the interest of young generation agricultural students is increasing in the agriculture sector. Moreover, live demonstration exhibitions/ farmer’s fairs/ technological weeks like “Krushik” can play a crucial role in the development of the farming community. It has emerged as an excellent platform through which advanced technologies from both public and private sectors can effectively disseminate within a short period.
{"title":"Impact of Krushik Agricultural Exhibition on Technology Dissemination and Farmers","authors":"Dheeraj Shinde, P. A. Patil, S. S. Godase, S. V. Karanje, M. A. Jadhav","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5706","url":null,"abstract":"Disseminating knowledge and information within the farming community in a short period is a difficult task in developing countries. In the present era, social media may mislead the farming community, resulting in heavy losses. So, agricultural exhibitions based on the principles of ‘Seeing is believing’ & ‘Learning by doing’ must be planned to provide a real site of state-of-the-art advanced technologies developed by different agencies. So, the present study was conducted to analyze the impact of the Live Agricultural Expo, i.e. Krushik-2024, to get information regarding the behaviour and feedback of farmers visiting the Exhibition. The study reveals that the interest of young generation agricultural students is increasing in the agriculture sector. Moreover, live demonstration exhibitions/ farmer’s fairs/ technological weeks like “Krushik” can play a crucial role in the development of the farming community. It has emerged as an excellent platform through which advanced technologies from both public and private sectors can effectively disseminate within a short period.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":" 819","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140989117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5704
Abhishek Garhwal, U. Yadav
Spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) regarded as one of the most significant and prevalent insect pests of maize and its mystic aspect of feeding makes it challenging to control. Hence current study aims to evaluate comparative study of synthetic insecticides with biopesticides against Chilo partellus. Eight treatments viz., azadirachtin 10,000ppm, neem oil 3%, karanj oil 3%, neem oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL, karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL, imidacloprid 17.5%SL, spinosad 45%SC and untreated control were tested under field condition in randomized block design with three replications. Among the treatments, lowest larval population of Chilo partellus per plant were recorded in karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL (1.99) followed by neem oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL (2.42), imidacloprid 17.5%SL (2.71), spinosad 45%SC (3.17), neem oil 3% (3.73), karanj oil 3% (3.95) and azadirachtin 10,000ppm (4.44) were found superior over the untreated control (7.24). The highest yield was recorded in karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL with 39.20 q/hectare and most economic treatment was imidacloprid 17.5%SL with highest cost benefit ratio (1:2.2). The lowest cost benefit ratio was recorded in untreated control (1:1.4).
{"title":"Comparative Study of Synthetic Insecticides with Biopesticides against Spotted Stem Borer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) on Maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Abhishek Garhwal, U. Yadav","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5704","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5704","url":null,"abstract":"Spotted stem borer, Chilo partellus (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) regarded as one of the most significant and prevalent insect pests of maize and its mystic aspect of feeding makes it challenging to control. Hence current study aims to evaluate comparative study of synthetic insecticides with biopesticides against Chilo partellus. Eight treatments viz., azadirachtin 10,000ppm, neem oil 3%, karanj oil 3%, neem oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL, karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL, imidacloprid 17.5%SL, spinosad 45%SC and untreated control were tested under field condition in randomized block design with three replications. Among the treatments, lowest larval population of Chilo partellus per plant were recorded in karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL (1.99) followed by neem oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL (2.42), imidacloprid 17.5%SL (2.71), spinosad 45%SC (3.17), neem oil 3% (3.73), karanj oil 3% (3.95) and azadirachtin 10,000ppm (4.44) were found superior over the untreated control (7.24). The highest yield was recorded in karanj oil 3% + imidacloprid 17.5%SL with 39.20 q/hectare and most economic treatment was imidacloprid 17.5%SL with highest cost benefit ratio (1:2.2). The lowest cost benefit ratio was recorded in untreated control (1:1.4).","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":" 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140994521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5703
Laz-Okenwa J. O. A, Amah-Tariah, F. S., Ojeka, S. O.
There have been many claims of aphrodisiac and other beneficial attributes of Azanza garckeana fruit by both tradomedicinal practitioners and some early scientific investigations; the present study, thus, set out to investigate the changes in reproductive hormones following administration of hydroethanolic extract of azanza garckeana fruit (HEAGF) in cadmium chloride exposed female Wistar rats. Thirty five (35) female Wistar rats weighing 230±10 grams were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 served as negative control that received 1ml of distilled water; Group 2 served as positive control and received oral dose of 10mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 (or Cd); Group 3 had Clomiphene citrate (0.3mg/ml) + Cd; Group 4 received Vitamin E (0.3mg/ml) + Cd; Group 5 received 250mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd; Group 6 received 500mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd and Group 7received 1000mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd. All treatments were done orally and daily for 28 days. Blood samples were collected, and serum levels of reproductive hormones including estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured using ELISA and spectrophotometric technique. The results showed that CdCl2 exposure significantly (P<0.05) decreased FSH level but non-significantly (P>0.05) decreased LH level while increasing oestrogen and progesterone levels compared to the negative control group. However, administration of HEAGF, especially the 250mg/kg bw dose most appreciably restored the hormonal balance towards normal levels. In conclusion, although, the findings of the present study highlights the potential therapeutic value of HEAGF in improving the adverse effects of an environmental toxin―CdCl2 on female reproductive health indicators, further studies may be necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action prior to its clinical exploration and possible recommendation for supplementation in reproductive disorders associated with a heavy metal toxicity.
{"title":"Changes in Reproductive Hormones Levels Following Administration of Hydroethanolic Extract of Azanza garckeana Fruit in Cadmium Chloride Exposed Female Wistar Rats","authors":"Laz-Okenwa J. O. A, Amah-Tariah, F. S., Ojeka, S. O.","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5703","url":null,"abstract":"There have been many claims of aphrodisiac and other beneficial attributes of Azanza garckeana fruit by both tradomedicinal practitioners and some early scientific investigations; the present study, thus, set out to investigate the changes in reproductive hormones following administration of hydroethanolic extract of azanza garckeana fruit (HEAGF) in cadmium chloride exposed female Wistar rats. Thirty five (35) female Wistar rats weighing 230±10 grams were divided into 7 groups of 5 rats each. Group 1 served as negative control that received 1ml of distilled water; Group 2 served as positive control and received oral dose of 10mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 (or Cd); Group 3 had Clomiphene citrate (0.3mg/ml) + Cd; Group 4 received Vitamin E (0.3mg/ml) + Cd; Group 5 received 250mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd; Group 6 received 500mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd and Group 7received 1000mg/kg HEAGF+ Cd. All treatments were done orally and daily for 28 days. Blood samples were collected, and serum levels of reproductive hormones including estrogen, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were measured using ELISA and spectrophotometric technique. The results showed that CdCl2 exposure significantly (P<0.05) decreased FSH level but non-significantly (P>0.05) decreased LH level while increasing oestrogen and progesterone levels compared to the negative control group. However, administration of HEAGF, especially the 250mg/kg bw dose most appreciably restored the hormonal balance towards normal levels. In conclusion, although, the findings of the present study highlights the potential therapeutic value of HEAGF in improving the adverse effects of an environmental toxin―CdCl2 on female reproductive health indicators, further studies may be necessary to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of action prior to its clinical exploration and possible recommendation for supplementation in reproductive disorders associated with a heavy metal toxicity.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"7 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5702
Pal Deka
Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal crops in World and feeds more than a third of the world’s population. In Asian region, rice is a main source of nutrition and provides 30% to 70% of the daily calories for half of the world’s population. Here, in this study two different neural network models were used in prediction of rice production of India. It was observed that the accuracy score of Multi-layer perceptron neural network is better than Radial basis function in prediction of rice production. The loss/error value for Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model is lower than Radial basis function (RBF) model. The relative error is found to be high for MLP.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Neural Network Architectures for Predicting Indian Rice Production","authors":"Pal Deka","doi":"10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5702","url":null,"abstract":"Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the most important cereal crops in World and feeds more than a third of the world’s population. In Asian region, rice is a main source of nutrition and provides 30% to 70% of the daily calories for half of the world’s population. Here, in this study two different neural network models were used in prediction of rice production of India. It was observed that the accuracy score of Multi-layer perceptron neural network is better than Radial basis function in prediction of rice production. The loss/error value for Multi-layer perceptron (MLP) model is lower than Radial basis function (RBF) model. The relative error is found to be high for MLP.","PeriodicalId":486386,"journal":{"name":"Archives of current research international","volume":"67 s303","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.9734/acri/2024/v24i5701
Koyi Jyothsna, .. Aakash, J. H. M., Mahantesh B. Nagangoudar
Food safety is of prime importance at present because the consumption of food products with chemical residues above the threshold levels is causing dreadful diseases in living beings and deteriorating soil health too. The current global scenario firmly emphasizes the need to adopt agricultural practices that are ecologically safe for sustainable food production. Hence, it is necessary to adopt organic farming which improves the health of Agro-ecosystems besides providing safe food and conserving the soil fertility and soil biota. There is a need to identify a suitable substitute in place of chemical fertilizers which are economically cheaper and ecofriendly. In this context, Cow-based inputs (dung, urine, ghee, milk) play an important role in organic farming as an alternative to chemical fertilizers which help in the growth of the crop and provide eco-safety food
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