Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p49-61
A. Giaretta, André Gomes Lopes, D. Bang
Reavaliacao do canto de anuncio de Scinax squalirostris (Anura: Hylidae) topotipica, com uma avaliacao acustica de sua ocorrencia na Serra da Mantiqueira, sudeste do Brasil. Scinax squalirostris (Lutz, 1925) e tida como de ampla ocorrencia na America do Sul. Os valores relatados para cantos de topotipos diferem substancialmente entre estudos. Como as vocalizacoes geralmente desempenham um papel fundamental na descoberta da diversidade criptica, o canto de topotipos de S. squalirostris e aqui redescrito com base em uma nova amostra. O canto de uma populacao de Pocos de Caldas, estado de Minas Gerais, tambem e descrito. Os cantos topotipicos tem frequencia dominante entre 3970 e 4125 Hz; 13–15 notas emitidas a uma taxa de 24–27/s; taxa de canto de 67/min e duracao de 0,52–0,61 s; notas do meio do canto possuindo 6 ou 7 pulsos bem definidos, e uma taxa de pulsos intra-nota de 223 a 266/s. Os cantos da populacao de Pocos de Caldas tem frequencia dominante entre 4083 e 4358 Hz; 15 a 18 notas emitidas a uma taxa de 32 a 34/s; taxa de canto de 64/min e duracao de 0,46–0,56 s; notas do meio do canto possuindo 6 ou 8 pulsos bem definidos, e uma taxa de pulsos intra-nota de 252–312/s. Os cantos de anuncio dessas populacoes tem algumas diferencas entre si, e sao prontamente distinguidos dos cantos de especies morfologicamente semelhantes. Nossos dados para topotipos sao inconsistentes com alguns relatados anteriormente. E necessario um estudo mais detalhado da populacao de Pocos de Caldas, e diferencas mais acentuadas devem ser encontradas em populacoes mais distantes da localidade-tipo de S. squalirostris.
{"title":"Reassessment of the advertisement call of topotypic Scinax squalirostris (Anura: Hylidae), with an acoustic evaluation of its occurrence in the Serra da Mantiqueira, southeastern Brazil","authors":"A. Giaretta, André Gomes Lopes, D. Bang","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p49-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p49-61","url":null,"abstract":"Reavaliacao do canto de anuncio de Scinax squalirostris (Anura: Hylidae) topotipica, com uma avaliacao acustica de sua ocorrencia na Serra da Mantiqueira, sudeste do Brasil. Scinax squalirostris (Lutz, 1925) e tida como de ampla ocorrencia na America do Sul. Os valores relatados para cantos de topotipos diferem substancialmente entre estudos. Como as vocalizacoes geralmente desempenham um papel fundamental na descoberta da diversidade criptica, o canto de topotipos de S. squalirostris e aqui redescrito com base em uma nova amostra. O canto de uma populacao de Pocos de Caldas, estado de Minas Gerais, tambem e descrito. Os cantos topotipicos tem frequencia dominante entre 3970 e 4125 Hz; 13–15 notas emitidas a uma taxa de 24–27/s; taxa de canto de 67/min e duracao de 0,52–0,61 s; notas do meio do canto possuindo 6 ou 7 pulsos bem definidos, e uma taxa de pulsos intra-nota de 223 a 266/s. Os cantos da populacao de Pocos de Caldas tem frequencia dominante entre 4083 e 4358 Hz; 15 a 18 notas emitidas a uma taxa de 32 a 34/s; taxa de canto de 64/min e duracao de 0,46–0,56 s; notas do meio do canto possuindo 6 ou 8 pulsos bem definidos, e uma taxa de pulsos intra-nota de 252–312/s. Os cantos de anuncio dessas populacoes tem algumas diferencas entre si, e sao prontamente distinguidos dos cantos de especies morfologicamente semelhantes. Nossos dados para topotipos sao inconsistentes com alguns relatados anteriormente. E necessario um estudo mais detalhado da populacao de Pocos de Caldas, e diferencas mais acentuadas devem ser encontradas em populacoes mais distantes da localidade-tipo de S. squalirostris.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":"19 1","pages":"49-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p49-61","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45136121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p131-135
F. J. Zamora‐Camacho
{"title":"Morphological abnormalities in a population of Pleurodeles waltl (Caudata: Salamandridae) from southwestern Spain","authors":"F. J. Zamora‐Camacho","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p131-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p131-135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46964281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p113-116
Víctor Vásquez-Cruz, Arleth Reynoso-Martínez
{"title":"Contributions to the knowledge of the natural history of Claudius angustatus (Testudines: Kinosternidae) in Veracruz, Mexico","authors":"Víctor Vásquez-Cruz, Arleth Reynoso-Martínez","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p113-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p113-116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46934551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p83-92
Johana Goyes Vallejos, Karim Ramirez-Soto
Causes of embryonic mortality in Espadarana prosoblepon (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Costa Rica. Members of the family Centrolenidae—commonly known as “glass frogs”—exhibit arboreal egg-laying behavior, depositing their clutches on riparian vegetation. Few studies have investigated specific causes of mortality during embryonic stages, perhaps the most vulnerable stage during the anuran life cycle. The Emerald Glass Frog, Espadarana prosoblepon, was used as a case study to investigate the causes of embryonic mortality in a species with short-term (i.e., less than 1 day) parental care. The specific sources of mortality of eggs of E. prosoblepon were quantified and overall rates of survival (hatching success) were estimated. Nineteen egg clutches were transferred from permanent outside enclosures to the wild. Clutch development was monitored daily until hatching; five mortality causes were quantified: desiccation, failure to develop, fungal infection, predation, and “rain-stripped.” The main causes of mortality were predation (often by katydids and wasps) and embryos stripped from the leaf during heavy rains. The results were compared to those of previous studies of centrolenids exhibiting parental care, and discussed in the context of the importance of the natural history data for these frogs with regard to understanding the evolutionary history of parental care in glass frogs.
{"title":"Causes of embryonic mortality in Espadarana prosoblepon (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Costa Rica","authors":"Johana Goyes Vallejos, Karim Ramirez-Soto","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p83-92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p83-92","url":null,"abstract":"Causes of embryonic mortality in Espadarana prosoblepon (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Costa Rica. Members of the family Centrolenidae—commonly known as “glass frogs”—exhibit arboreal egg-laying behavior, depositing their clutches on riparian vegetation. Few studies have investigated specific causes of mortality during embryonic stages, perhaps the most vulnerable stage during the anuran life cycle. The Emerald Glass Frog, Espadarana prosoblepon, was used as a case study to investigate the causes of embryonic mortality in a species with short-term (i.e., less than 1 day) parental care. The specific sources of mortality of eggs of E. prosoblepon were quantified and overall rates of survival (hatching success) were estimated. Nineteen egg clutches were transferred from permanent outside enclosures to the wild. Clutch development was monitored daily until hatching; five mortality causes were quantified: desiccation, failure to develop, fungal infection, predation, and “rain-stripped.” The main causes of mortality were predation (often by katydids and wasps) and embryos stripped from the leaf during heavy rains. The results were compared to those of previous studies of centrolenids exhibiting parental care, and discussed in the context of the importance of the natural history data for these frogs with regard to understanding the evolutionary history of parental care in glass frogs.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p83-92","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47189275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p3-12
Luis Enrique Vera-Pérez, Patrick D. Campbell, G. G. Montingelli
Rediscovery and redescription of the rare, critically endangered snake Emmochliophis miops (Serpentes: Colubridae), with comments on its natural history, distribution, and phylogenetic relationships. The description of Emmochliophis miops is based on a single specimen from the Andean slopes of northwest Ecuador collected in 1897. The species had not been collected again until October 2017, when two individuals were found on the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia; this rediscovery is the first record of this species in this country. Herein, the holotype and the new specimens are examined, and a new diagnosis and description of E. miops are provided. Important data about the natural history and conservation status of the species, and comments on the systematic relationships of Diaphorolepis, Emmochliophis and Synophis are presented.
{"title":"Rediscovery and redescription of the rare, critically endangered snake Emmochliophis miops (Serpentes: Colubridae), with comments on its natural history, distribution, and phylogenetic relationships","authors":"Luis Enrique Vera-Pérez, Patrick D. Campbell, G. G. Montingelli","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p3-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p3-12","url":null,"abstract":"Rediscovery and redescription of the rare, critically endangered snake Emmochliophis miops (Serpentes: Colubridae), with comments on its natural history, distribution, and phylogenetic relationships. The description of Emmochliophis miops is based on a single specimen from the Andean slopes of northwest Ecuador collected in 1897. The species had not been collected again until October 2017, when two individuals were found on the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia; this rediscovery is the first record of this species in this country. Herein, the holotype and the new specimens are examined, and a new diagnosis and description of E. miops are provided. Important data about the natural history and conservation status of the species, and comments on the systematic relationships of Diaphorolepis, Emmochliophis and Synophis are presented.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":"19 1","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42034465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p93-98
Santosh M. Mogali, S. K. Saidapur, B. A. Shanbhag
Behavioral responses of tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Anura: Bufonidae) to cues of starved and fed dragonfly larvae. Tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus use chemoreception to detect kairomonal cues and excretory metabolites from predatory anuran tadpoles (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) that consume them. We describe here the behavioral responses of tadpoles of D. melanostictus to predatory dragonfly larvae (Pantala flavescens). The predator’s kairomones (water conditioned by the starved predator) or its diet-derived metabolites released in excreta of predator after consumption of conspecific prey tadpoles were used to simulate predation risk. The tadpoles of D. melanostictus had no behavioral response to predator kairomones. However, the larvae reduced swimming movements and overall time spent in swimming, and had a higher burst speed/swimming velocity in response to water borne cues released from the excreta of predators fed conspecific prey. Thus, just the presence of dragonfly larvae does not elicit defense behaviors in tadpoles of D. melanostictus, but when predation risk is recognized as real (i.e., when tadpoles are exposed to excretory metabolites of predators fed conspecific tadpoles), defense behaviors are activated.
{"title":"Behavioral responses of tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Anura: Bufonidae) to cues of starved and fed dragonfly larvae","authors":"Santosh M. Mogali, S. K. Saidapur, B. A. Shanbhag","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p93-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p93-98","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral responses of tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus (Anura: Bufonidae) to cues of starved and fed dragonfly larvae. Tadpoles of Duttaphrynus melanostictus use chemoreception to detect kairomonal cues and excretory metabolites from predatory anuran tadpoles (Hoplobatrachus tigerinus) that consume them. We describe here the behavioral responses of tadpoles of D. melanostictus to predatory dragonfly larvae (Pantala flavescens). The predator’s kairomones (water conditioned by the starved predator) or its diet-derived metabolites released in excreta of predator after consumption of conspecific prey tadpoles were used to simulate predation risk. The tadpoles of D. melanostictus had no behavioral response to predator kairomones. However, the larvae reduced swimming movements and overall time spent in swimming, and had a higher burst speed/swimming velocity in response to water borne cues released from the excreta of predators fed conspecific prey. Thus, just the presence of dragonfly larvae does not elicit defense behaviors in tadpoles of D. melanostictus, but when predation risk is recognized as real (i.e., when tadpoles are exposed to excretory metabolites of predators fed conspecific tadpoles), defense behaviors are activated.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p93-98","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45764753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p13-33
T. Rodríguez-Cabrera, J. Torres, C. Mancina, Rubén Marrero, Yasel U. Alfonso, E. Savall
New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from central Cuba. Anolis guamuhaya is known from seven localities restricted to the Guamuhaya Massif in central Cuba and is always associated with mountane ecosystems above 300 m a.s.l. Previous evaluations of the conservation status of the species based on the estimated number of mature individuals have categorized the anole as Endangered. Eight new records of A. guamuhaya are provided here. These double the number of known localities, and two represent the first records of the species in lowland areas, apart from the Guamuhaya Massif. The new records extend the elevational range of the species from 15 m to above 1000 m. We used ecological niche modeling based on all of the locality records, along with what we considered the most appropriate IUCN criteria according to the available information (Criterion B) to reevaluate the conservation status of the species. These new records of A. guamuhaya increase its area of occupancy up to a total of 60 km2 , and its extent of occurrence up to 648 km2 . Despite this increase in geographic range, the species meets the IUCN criteria in the category of Endangered. We used ecological niche modeling to predict possible trends for the species under differing scenarios of global climate change, all of which portend a drastic reduction in area climatically suitable for A. guamuhaya.
{"title":"New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) in central Cuba","authors":"T. Rodríguez-Cabrera, J. Torres, C. Mancina, Rubén Marrero, Yasel U. Alfonso, E. Savall","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p13-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p13-33","url":null,"abstract":"New localities and distribution models inform the conservation status of the endangered lizard Anolis guamuhaya (Squamata: Dactyloidae) from central Cuba. Anolis guamuhaya is known from seven localities restricted to the Guamuhaya Massif in central Cuba and is always associated with mountane ecosystems above 300 m a.s.l. Previous evaluations of the conservation status of the species based on the estimated number of mature individuals have categorized the anole as Endangered. Eight new records of A. guamuhaya are provided here. These double the number of known localities, and two represent the first records of the species in lowland areas, apart from the Guamuhaya Massif. The new records extend the elevational range of the species from 15 m to above 1000 m. We used ecological niche modeling based on all of the locality records, along with what we considered the most appropriate IUCN criteria according to the available information (Criterion B) to reevaluate the conservation status of the species. These new records of A. guamuhaya increase its area of occupancy up to a total of 60 km2 , and its extent of occurrence up to 648 km2 . Despite this increase in geographic range, the species meets the IUCN criteria in the category of Endangered. We used ecological niche modeling to predict possible trends for the species under differing scenarios of global climate change, all of which portend a drastic reduction in area climatically suitable for A. guamuhaya.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p13-33","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49654536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p35-47
D. Bang, Barnagleison S. Lisboa, Bernardo Franco da Veiga Teixeira, A. Giaretta, T. R. Carvalho
A comparative acoustic analysis of species of Vitreorana (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, with a description of the call of V. baliomma and insights into the taxonomic status of Cerrado populations. Advertisement calls are the primary signaling strategy of mating in most anurans. Examining major patterns within and across frog taxa may help to delimit species and understand acoustic communication systems. Herein, the vocalization of Vitreorana baliomma is described and new acoustic descriptions are provided for V. franciscana and V. eurygnatha. Calls of syntopic/sympatric or allopatric populations were compared. The vocalization of V. baliomma is composed of two call types—A and B, with Call A being the advertisement call. The vocalization of V. franciscana is composed of only one call type (Call A), emitted isolated or in series. The vocalization of V. eurygnatha has two types of calls; Call A is similar among Cerrado populations, whereas an Atlantic Forest population has a distinct Call A pattern. The calls of each of these species of the present study is pulsed; however, the calls differ in call duration, pulse organization, or pulse duration, and these differences seem to reflect the allopatric or sympatric/syntopic occurrences of populations. The unique call pattern of the Atlantic Forest population of V. eurygnatha may represent the advertisement call of the nominal species, and the distinct call of the Cerrado population may indicate cryptic diversity in the species.
{"title":"A comparative acoustic analysis of species of Vitreorana (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, with a description of the call of V. baliomma and insights into the taxonomic status of Cerrado populations","authors":"D. Bang, Barnagleison S. Lisboa, Bernardo Franco da Veiga Teixeira, A. Giaretta, T. R. Carvalho","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p35-47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p35-47","url":null,"abstract":"A comparative acoustic analysis of species of Vitreorana (Anura: Centrolenidae) from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and Cerrado, with a description of the call of V. baliomma and insights into the taxonomic status of Cerrado populations. Advertisement calls are the primary signaling strategy of mating in most anurans. Examining major patterns within and across frog taxa may help to delimit species and understand acoustic communication systems. Herein, the vocalization of Vitreorana baliomma is described and new acoustic descriptions are provided for V. franciscana and V. eurygnatha. Calls of syntopic/sympatric or allopatric populations were compared. The vocalization of V. baliomma is composed of two call types—A and B, with Call A being the advertisement call. The vocalization of V. franciscana is composed of only one call type (Call A), emitted isolated or in series. The vocalization of V. eurygnatha has two types of calls; Call A is similar among Cerrado populations, whereas an Atlantic Forest population has a distinct Call A pattern. The calls of each of these species of the present study is pulsed; however, the calls differ in call duration, pulse organization, or pulse duration, and these differences seem to reflect the allopatric or sympatric/syntopic occurrences of populations. The unique call pattern of the Atlantic Forest population of V. eurygnatha may represent the advertisement call of the nominal species, and the distinct call of the Cerrado population may indicate cryptic diversity in the species.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p35-47","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47018538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p125-129
S. Shahriza
Phyllomedusa 19(1), June 2020 Anurans live in various types of environments and are exposed to different predators, such as snakes, fishes, birds, small mammals, and larger invertebrates such as spiders (Duellman and Trueb 1986, Wells 2007). Anurans have evolved a wide array of defensive mechanisms to survive; these include immobility, escape, death feigning (thanatosis), leg stiffening, legs interweaving, skin secretions, body contraction, and the unken reflex (Duellman and Trueb 1986, Toledo et al. 2011). Death feigning—a state of immobility that many species of anurans employ in response to external stimuli—has been considered to be a defensive mechanism (Miyatake et al. 2004). In death feigning, the animal “pretends” to be dead when it is threatened or attacked by a potential predator (McFarland 1982, Toledo et al. 2010). According to Humphreys and Ruxton (2018), death feigning or tonic immobility (TI) is the innate adoption of a motionless posture by a
{"title":"Death-feigning behavior in Microhyla berdmorei, M. butleri, and M. heymonsi (Anura: Microhylidae) from Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"S. Shahriza","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p125-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p125-129","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllomedusa 19(1), June 2020 Anurans live in various types of environments and are exposed to different predators, such as snakes, fishes, birds, small mammals, and larger invertebrates such as spiders (Duellman and Trueb 1986, Wells 2007). Anurans have evolved a wide array of defensive mechanisms to survive; these include immobility, escape, death feigning (thanatosis), leg stiffening, legs interweaving, skin secretions, body contraction, and the unken reflex (Duellman and Trueb 1986, Toledo et al. 2011). Death feigning—a state of immobility that many species of anurans employ in response to external stimuli—has been considered to be a defensive mechanism (Miyatake et al. 2004). In death feigning, the animal “pretends” to be dead when it is threatened or attacked by a potential predator (McFarland 1982, Toledo et al. 2010). According to Humphreys and Ruxton (2018), death feigning or tonic immobility (TI) is the innate adoption of a motionless posture by a","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46241717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p121-124
R. Menegucci, E. Muscat, R. M. Tanaka, D. R. Stuginski
{"title":"Predation on Hylodes phyllodes (Anura: Hylodidae) by the harvestman Heteromitobates discolor (Arachnida: Opiliones)","authors":"R. Menegucci, E. Muscat, R. M. Tanaka, D. R. Stuginski","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p121-124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v19i1p121-124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43216069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：