Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p259-263
Rebecca L. Smith, Paul A. Smith
The Brown Leaf Lizard Stenocercus caducus (Cope, 1862) (Squamata: Tropiduridae) arguably is the most widely distributed of the more than 60 species of Stenocercus Duméril and Bibron, 1859 (Nogueira and Rodrigues 2006, TorresCarvajal 2007, Torres-Carvajal and MaflaEndara 2013). It is found in forested habitats in Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina; although it is a common lizard, its habits are poorly known owing to its cryptic behavior (Scrocchi et al. 1985, Ávila et al. 2008, Cacciali and Rumbo 2008, Silva et al. 2010). Little is known about the nesting behavior in this species, but limited data available suggest that they are sexually dimorphic and reproduce in the rainy season, laying a clutch of two to four eggs (Ávila et al. 2008, Cacciali and Rumbo 2008). This
{"title":"Additional observations on the nest and eggs of Stenocercus caducus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) with a report of nest usurpation","authors":"Rebecca L. Smith, Paul A. Smith","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p259-263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p259-263","url":null,"abstract":"The Brown Leaf Lizard Stenocercus caducus (Cope, 1862) (Squamata: Tropiduridae) arguably is the most widely distributed of the more than 60 species of Stenocercus Duméril and Bibron, 1859 (Nogueira and Rodrigues 2006, TorresCarvajal 2007, Torres-Carvajal and MaflaEndara 2013). It is found in forested habitats in Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, and Argentina; although it is a common lizard, its habits are poorly known owing to its cryptic behavior (Scrocchi et al. 1985, Ávila et al. 2008, Cacciali and Rumbo 2008, Silva et al. 2010). Little is known about the nesting behavior in this species, but limited data available suggest that they are sexually dimorphic and reproduce in the rainy season, laying a clutch of two to four eggs (Ávila et al. 2008, Cacciali and Rumbo 2008). This","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p259-263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49118058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p277-281
K. Junes, J. Ruíz, Eliana Quispitupac
Sarcophagidae is a fly family that feeds on decomposed organic material, and some species occasionally parasitize invertebrates and vertebrates (Guimarães and Papavero 1999) by depositing larvae on the host. The larvae then feed on the host’s tissues, which include either fresh or dead tissues, corporal fluids, or ingested food (Zumpt 1965). Two types of myiasis are recognized. In primary myiasis, the larvae penetrate through intact skin or natural holes, whereas in secondary or tertiary myiasis, they use trauma or wounds to infiltrate the tissue (Soler-Cruz 2000, Francesconi and Lupi 2012). Myiasis is well documented in humans, domestic animals, mammals, and wild birds (Acha and Zsyfres 2003). However, there are also dipterans that infest ectothermic vertebrates such as Anolisimyia blakeae Dodge, 1955 (Sarcophagidae) in reptiles (Dodge 1955). In amphibians from Europe and North America, the
{"title":"Flesh-fy myiasis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in Dendropsophus schubarti (Anura: Hylidae) from Peru","authors":"K. Junes, J. Ruíz, Eliana Quispitupac","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p277-281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p277-281","url":null,"abstract":"Sarcophagidae is a fly family that feeds on decomposed organic material, and some species occasionally parasitize invertebrates and vertebrates (Guimarães and Papavero 1999) by depositing larvae on the host. The larvae then feed on the host’s tissues, which include either fresh or dead tissues, corporal fluids, or ingested food (Zumpt 1965). Two types of myiasis are recognized. In primary myiasis, the larvae penetrate through intact skin or natural holes, whereas in secondary or tertiary myiasis, they use trauma or wounds to infiltrate the tissue (Soler-Cruz 2000, Francesconi and Lupi 2012). Myiasis is well documented in humans, domestic animals, mammals, and wild birds (Acha and Zsyfres 2003). However, there are also dipterans that infest ectothermic vertebrates such as Anolisimyia blakeae Dodge, 1955 (Sarcophagidae) in reptiles (Dodge 1955). In amphibians from Europe and North America, the","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p277-281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45166801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p293-298
V. I. Gómez
{"title":"The infuence of tadpole density and predation on the behavioral responses of two Neotropical anurans","authors":"V. I. Gómez","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p293-298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p293-298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":"18 1","pages":"293-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p293-298","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"64395323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p159-175
V. K. Verdade, Diego Almeida-Silva, José Cassimiro, M. Rodrigues
Rediscovering Cycloramphus bandeirensis (Anura: Cycloramphidae): natural history and breeding biology of a vulnerable species with a variant reproductive mode. We present here data on the breeding biology of Cycloramphus bandeirensis, including descriptions of the advertisement call and tadpole. Males call from beneath rocks in open grasslands above approximately 2,450 m a.s.l. at the Parque Nacional do Caparaó, southeastern Brazil. Breeding occurs from late October–December, when mist and clouds frequently cover the area. The advertisement call consists of a frst note, followed by two or three shorter ones. The spawn is hidden under rocks from which the males call, and the tadpoles are exotrophic and semiterrestrial. This report of a semiterrestrial tadpole that develops in seclusion in a terrestrial habitat is a variant of Reproductive Mode 19. We compared the ontogeny of the semiterrestrial tadpole of C. bandeirensis to that of generalized tadpoles, and a new function is ascribed to the skin fap that is present in larvae of Cycloramphus. It is suggested that C. bandeirensis be transferred to Vulnerable category (VU, d2) of IUCN; the species has a small geographic range (< 20 km2 ), specialized environmental requirements, is vulnerable, has phylogenetic affnities to species that consistently have undergone local population crashes in southeastern Brazil, and is subject to plausible potential threats in its range (e.g., fres and climate change).
{"title":"Rediscovering Cycloramphus bandeirensis (Anura: Cycloramphidae): natural history and breeding biology of a vulnerable species with a variant reproductive mode","authors":"V. K. Verdade, Diego Almeida-Silva, José Cassimiro, M. Rodrigues","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p159-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p159-175","url":null,"abstract":"Rediscovering Cycloramphus bandeirensis (Anura: Cycloramphidae): natural history and breeding biology of a vulnerable species with a variant reproductive mode. We present here data on the breeding biology of Cycloramphus bandeirensis, including descriptions of the advertisement call and tadpole. Males call from beneath rocks in open grasslands above approximately 2,450 m a.s.l. at the Parque Nacional do Caparaó, southeastern Brazil. Breeding occurs from late October–December, when mist and clouds frequently cover the area. The advertisement call consists of a frst note, followed by two or three shorter ones. The spawn is hidden under rocks from which the males call, and the tadpoles are exotrophic and semiterrestrial. This report of a semiterrestrial tadpole that develops in seclusion in a terrestrial habitat is a variant of Reproductive Mode 19. We compared the ontogeny of the semiterrestrial tadpole of C. bandeirensis to that of generalized tadpoles, and a new function is ascribed to the skin fap that is present in larvae of Cycloramphus. It is suggested that C. bandeirensis be transferred to Vulnerable category (VU, d2) of IUCN; the species has a small geographic range (< 20 km2 ), specialized environmental requirements, is vulnerable, has phylogenetic affnities to species that consistently have undergone local population crashes in southeastern Brazil, and is subject to plausible potential threats in its range (e.g., fres and climate change).","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p159-175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48375571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p177-183
D. Innal, D. Sözbilen, O. Ozmen
Prevalence and pathology of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea: Lernaeidae) parasitizing tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in Antalya, Turkey. This is a report of the first record of the occurrence of Lernaea cyprinacea on tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae, a frog species native from Karpuzçay Creek, Antalya, Turkey. A total of 20 tadpoles of P. bedriagae were examined and 14 (70%) specimens were infected. A maximum of two parasites per host was found, primarily around the cloaca. In general, slight to moderate hyperemia was noticed around the parasite. Typically, granuloma form in the tissues around the parasite. Histopathological examination revealed that hemorrhages and pathological lesions such as dermal erosions, and a chronic inflammatory reaction in skin and muscle were present at the site of parasite attachment.
{"title":"Prevalence and pathology of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea: Lernaeidae) parasitizing tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in Antalya, Turkey","authors":"D. Innal, D. Sözbilen, O. Ozmen","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p177-183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p177-183","url":null,"abstract":"Prevalence and pathology of Lernaea cyprinacea (Crustacea: Lernaeidae) parasitizing tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae) in Antalya, Turkey. This is a report of the first record of the occurrence of Lernaea cyprinacea on tadpoles of Pelophylax bedriagae, a frog species native from Karpuzçay Creek, Antalya, Turkey. A total of 20 tadpoles of P. bedriagae were examined and 14 (70%) specimens were infected. A maximum of two parasites per host was found, primarily around the cloaca. In general, slight to moderate hyperemia was noticed around the parasite. Typically, granuloma form in the tissues around the parasite. Histopathological examination revealed that hemorrhages and pathological lesions such as dermal erosions, and a chronic inflammatory reaction in skin and muscle were present at the site of parasite attachment.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":"18 1","pages":"177-183"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p177-183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45180577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p225-240
R. F. Sales, E. Freire
Behavioral adaptations in Ameivula ocellifera (Squamata: Teiidae) in response to thermal environmental changes. Lizards rely on external sources to regulate body temperature, but in many species, it is not known whether lizards are able to change their thermoregulatory behaviors in response to variations in thermal environments. The seasonal thermal ecology of three populations of the Brazilian whiptail lizard, Ameivula ocellifera, in northeastern Brazil (two Caatinga sites and one in the Atlantic Forest) was investigated. The relationships between body temperature and microhabitat temperatures (substrate and air), and between body temperature and thermoregulatory behavior (i.e., time of exposure to sunlight classes and time spent basking) were explored. The average body temperatures of the lizards were 38–39°C; these neither varied seasonally nor among populations. Substrate and air temperatures are lower at the natural Caatinga site, and lizards in there spent less time in the shade and more time exposed to the sun. Microhabitat temperatures vary seasonally in natural Caatinga; they are lower in the rainy season, when lizards spent more time exposed to sun and less time in fltered sun. Lizard body temperatures exceeded microhabitat temperatures in the rainy season in all three populations; however, they did not exceed substrate temperature in the dry season. In each of the populations, lizards with low body temperatures during cloudy conditions spent more time basking. Thus, A. ocellifera adjusts its body temperature behaviorally to compensate for seasonal changes in environmental temperatures, as well as geographic thermal variation throughout its range.
{"title":"Behavioral adaptations in Ameivula ocellifera (Squamata: Teiidae) in response to thermal environmental changes","authors":"R. F. Sales, E. Freire","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p225-240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p225-240","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral adaptations in Ameivula ocellifera (Squamata: Teiidae) in response to thermal environmental changes. Lizards rely on external sources to regulate body temperature, but in many species, it is not known whether lizards are able to change their thermoregulatory behaviors in response to variations in thermal environments. The seasonal thermal ecology of three populations of the Brazilian whiptail lizard, Ameivula ocellifera, in northeastern Brazil (two Caatinga sites and one in the Atlantic Forest) was investigated. The relationships between body temperature and microhabitat temperatures (substrate and air), and between body temperature and thermoregulatory behavior (i.e., time of exposure to sunlight classes and time spent basking) were explored. The average body temperatures of the lizards were 38–39°C; these neither varied seasonally nor among populations. Substrate and air temperatures are lower at the natural Caatinga site, and lizards in there spent less time in the shade and more time exposed to the sun. Microhabitat temperatures vary seasonally in natural Caatinga; they are lower in the rainy season, when lizards spent more time exposed to sun and less time in fltered sun. Lizard body temperatures exceeded microhabitat temperatures in the rainy season in all three populations; however, they did not exceed substrate temperature in the dry season. In each of the populations, lizards with low body temperatures during cloudy conditions spent more time basking. Thus, A. ocellifera adjusts its body temperature behaviorally to compensate for seasonal changes in environmental temperatures, as well as geographic thermal variation throughout its range.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p225-240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41532271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p195-207
C. N. Ramiro, Renato Recoder, M. Rodrigues
Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Nothobachia ablephara is a small microteiid lizard with an elongated body and reduced limbs; it occurs in isolated dune felds in the state of Bahia (Xique-Xique and Alagoado) and small sandy patches in northeastern Brazil. A previous molecular study found a marked mtDNA divergence between populations of N. ablephara from Alagoado and Xique-Xique dunes, suggesting that the two populations diverged from one another between 3 and 4 million years ago. Given this isolation, it is interesting to explore whether morphological traits of the lizards refect the reported genetic divergence of the populations. Scale counts of the sexes and the populations differ signifcantly, but there is considerable overlap of values. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed signifcant morphometric variation between sexes and populations; however, this is mostly explained by size differences. Females are larger than males in all characters that are sexually dimorphic, and individuals from Xique-Xique are larger than those from Alagoado in all characters that vary geographically. The sample from Alagoado has more sexually dimorphic characters than the one from Xique-Xique. Although N. ablephara displays some geographical variation, the two populations could not be unequivocally distinguished by scale counts and morphometric data.
{"title":"Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae)","authors":"C. N. Ramiro, Renato Recoder, M. Rodrigues","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p195-207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p195-207","url":null,"abstract":"Geographic variation in the morphology of the sand-dwelling lizard Nothobachia ablephara (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Nothobachia ablephara is a small microteiid lizard with an elongated body and reduced limbs; it occurs in isolated dune felds in the state of Bahia (Xique-Xique and Alagoado) and small sandy patches in northeastern Brazil. A previous molecular study found a marked mtDNA divergence between populations of N. ablephara from Alagoado and Xique-Xique dunes, suggesting that the two populations diverged from one another between 3 and 4 million years ago. Given this isolation, it is interesting to explore whether morphological traits of the lizards refect the reported genetic divergence of the populations. Scale counts of the sexes and the populations differ signifcantly, but there is considerable overlap of values. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed signifcant morphometric variation between sexes and populations; however, this is mostly explained by size differences. Females are larger than males in all characters that are sexually dimorphic, and individuals from Xique-Xique are larger than those from Alagoado in all characters that vary geographically. The sample from Alagoado has more sexually dimorphic characters than the one from Xique-Xique. Although N. ablephara displays some geographical variation, the two populations could not be unequivocally distinguished by scale counts and morphometric data.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p195-207","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42245194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-17DOI: 10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p185-193
Matthew S. Lattanzio
Delayed escape responses of male Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata: Corytophanidae) during peak activity. Many animals must balance their time spent active in a habitat against their perceived risk of predation. Factors that may increase that perceived risk, such as a faster predator approach, are therefore expected to cause prey to initiate escape quickly to avoid capture. At the same time, because patterns of daily activity can fluctuate throughout the day, the relative costs and benefits of initiating escape may also differ over time. Here I evaluated the escape responses of adult male emerald basilisk (Basiliscus plumifrons) lizards in two different time periods: morning (when daily activity peaks) and early afternoon (when activity is suppressed). Further, I approached each lizard at either a practiced slow or fast pace. Escape responses were recorded as flight-initiation (distance between observer and lizard prior to escape) and flight (distance travelled during escape) distance. No factor affected flight distance, and approach speed also had no effect on flight initiation distance. In contrast, time period affected flight initiation distance, with males approached in the morning delaying their escape response compared to males approached during the early afternoon. Because morning and early afternoon periods coincide with peak and suppressed periods of activity for basilisks at this study site, respectively, ambushforaging species like B. plumifrons may delay escape when active to avoid prematurely alerting the predator of their presence.
{"title":"Delayed escape responses of male Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata: Corytophanidae) during peak activity","authors":"Matthew S. Lattanzio","doi":"10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p185-193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p185-193","url":null,"abstract":"Delayed escape responses of male Basiliscus plumifrons (Squamata: Corytophanidae) during peak activity. Many animals must balance their time spent active in a habitat against their perceived risk of predation. Factors that may increase that perceived risk, such as a faster predator approach, are therefore expected to cause prey to initiate escape quickly to avoid capture. At the same time, because patterns of daily activity can fluctuate throughout the day, the relative costs and benefits of initiating escape may also differ over time. Here I evaluated the escape responses of adult male emerald basilisk (Basiliscus plumifrons) lizards in two different time periods: morning (when daily activity peaks) and early afternoon (when activity is suppressed). Further, I approached each lizard at either a practiced slow or fast pace. Escape responses were recorded as flight-initiation (distance between observer and lizard prior to escape) and flight (distance travelled during escape) distance. No factor affected flight distance, and approach speed also had no effect on flight initiation distance. In contrast, time period affected flight initiation distance, with males approached in the morning delaying their escape response compared to males approached during the early afternoon. Because morning and early afternoon periods coincide with peak and suppressed periods of activity for basilisks at this study site, respectively, ambushforaging species like B. plumifrons may delay escape when active to avoid prematurely alerting the predator of their presence.","PeriodicalId":48704,"journal":{"name":"Phyllomedusa","volume":"18 1","pages":"185-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v18i2p185-193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46829940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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