Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/2
A. Gautam
Rusts constitute a major group of the Kingdom Fungi and they are distributed all over the world on a wide range of wild and cultivated plants. It is the largest natural group of plant pathogens including 95% of the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and about 8% of all described Fungi. This article provides an overview and outline of rust fungi of India with important descriptive notes. After compilation of available literature on Indian rust fungi from various sources, it was observed that these fungi are distributed in 16 families, 69 genera and 640 species. They belong to Coleosporiaceae, Crossopsoraceae, Gymnosporangiaceae, Melampsoraceae, Milesinaceae, Ochropsoraceae, Phakopsoraceae, Phragmidiaceae, Pileolariaceae, Pucciniaceae, Pucciniastraceae, Raveneliaceae, Skierkaceae, Sphaerophragmiaceae, Tranzscheliaceae and Zaghouaniaceae. There are still many rust fungi with uncertain taxonomic position, and they have been referred to incertae sedis. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class, order and family-level along with number of species in a genus. Notes for each rust family along with total Indian records and other taxonomic information on transferred genera and species are also presented. A phylogenetic analysis from a combined LSU and ITS dataset for 25 rust genera is presented to provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.
{"title":"Indian Pucciniales: taxonomic outline with important descriptive notes","authors":"A. Gautam","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/2","url":null,"abstract":"Rusts constitute a major group of the Kingdom Fungi and they are distributed all over the world on a wide range of wild and cultivated plants. It is the largest natural group of plant pathogens including 95% of the subphylum Pucciniomycotina and about 8% of all described Fungi. This article provides an overview and outline of rust fungi of India with important descriptive notes. After compilation of available literature on Indian rust fungi from various sources, it was observed that these fungi are distributed in 16 families, 69 genera and 640 species. They belong to Coleosporiaceae, Crossopsoraceae, Gymnosporangiaceae, Melampsoraceae, Milesinaceae, Ochropsoraceae, Phakopsoraceae, Phragmidiaceae, Pileolariaceae, Pucciniaceae, Pucciniastraceae, Raveneliaceae, Skierkaceae, Sphaerophragmiaceae, Tranzscheliaceae and Zaghouaniaceae. There are still many rust fungi with uncertain taxonomic position, and they have been referred to incertae sedis. The placement of all fungal genera is provided at the class, order and family-level along with number of species in a genus. Notes for each rust family along with total Indian records and other taxonomic information on transferred genera and species are also presented. A phylogenetic analysis from a combined LSU and ITS dataset for 25 rust genera is presented to provide a better understanding of their phylogeny and evolution.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71234566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/14
K. Hyde
Fungi have a worldwide distribution, however, less than 10% of the estimated species have Mycosphere 12(1): 1101–1156 (2021) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019
{"title":"Mycosphere notes 325-344 – Novel species and records of fungal taxa from around the world","authors":"K. Hyde","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/14","url":null,"abstract":"Fungi have a worldwide distribution, however, less than 10% of the estimated species have Mycosphere 12(1): 1101–1156 (2021) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/1
W. Dong, K. Hyde, Xd Yu, GN Wang, N. Liu, DM Hu, S. Nalumpang, H. Zhang
{"title":"Towards a natural classification of annulatascaceae-like taxa Ⅱ: introducing five new genera and eighteen new species from freshwater","authors":"W. Dong, K. Hyde, Xd Yu, GN Wang, N. Liu, DM Hu, S. Nalumpang, H. Zhang","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/15
Q. Tian
{"title":"Phylogenetic relationships and morphological reappraisal of Chaetothyriales","authors":"Q. Tian","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71234444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"https://gmsmicrofungi.org: an online database providing updated information of microfungi in the Greater Mekong Subregion","authors":"N. Chaiwan","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/19","url":null,"abstract":"an online database providing updated information of microfungi in the Greater Mekong Subregion. Mycosphere 12(1), 1409–1422, Doi 10","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71234512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/10
V. Thiyagaraja
Arthopyrenia sensu lato comprises lichenicolous, lichenized and non-lichenized saprotrophic species; however, the lifestyle of several taxa as either lichenized or saprotrophic remains unclear. The systematic position of the genus was so far unresolved: while sequenced species appeared in different clades within Dothideomycetes, the type species, A. cerasi, had no molecular data so far. In lieu of sequence data, the family Arthopyreniaceae was assigned to Pleosporales, whereas tropical, lichenized species were reclassified in Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina, shown to belong in Trypetheliaceae (Trypetheliales). In this study, the generic type, A. cerasi, has been sequenced for the first time. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using mtSSU and nuLSU sequences recovered Arthopyrenia sensu stricto as an early diverging lineage within Trypetheliaceae, separate from Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina but in the same clade as the temperate, non-lichenized Julella fallaciosa. Therefore, Arthopyreniaceae is here synonymized under Trypetheliaceae and the taxonomic placement of its type species is discussed based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Our phylogenetic results further support the Mycosphere 12(1): 993–1011 (2021) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019
{"title":"Sequencing of the type species of Arthopyrenia places Arthopyreniaceae as a synonym of Trypetheliaceae","authors":"V. Thiyagaraja","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/10","url":null,"abstract":"Arthopyrenia sensu lato comprises lichenicolous, lichenized and non-lichenized saprotrophic species; however, the lifestyle of several taxa as either lichenized or saprotrophic remains unclear. The systematic position of the genus was so far unresolved: while sequenced species appeared in different clades within Dothideomycetes, the type species, A. cerasi, had no molecular data so far. In lieu of sequence data, the family Arthopyreniaceae was assigned to Pleosporales, whereas tropical, lichenized species were reclassified in Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina, shown to belong in Trypetheliaceae (Trypetheliales). In this study, the generic type, A. cerasi, has been sequenced for the first time. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using mtSSU and nuLSU sequences recovered Arthopyrenia sensu stricto as an early diverging lineage within Trypetheliaceae, separate from Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina but in the same clade as the temperate, non-lichenized Julella fallaciosa. Therefore, Arthopyreniaceae is here synonymized under Trypetheliaceae and the taxonomic placement of its type species is discussed based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Our phylogenetic results further support the Mycosphere 12(1): 993–1011 (2021) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/12
A. Farid, J. Bolin, LV Kudzma, AR Franck, Garey
The Boletaceae is the largest family of fleshy fungi in the Boletales. Despite the extensive history of work in the Boletaceae in North America, novel species and genera are continually being described. Multigene molecular phylogenetic analyses of five loci were combined with thorough morphological studies to investigate the taxonomy of several boletes from the southeastern USA. Based on our results, we describe four new species: Aureoboletus pseudoauriporus, Cyanoboletus bessettei, Hemileccinum floridanum, and Xerocomellus bolinii. We also propose three combinations to reflect the results of our molecular analyses: Cyanoboletus cyaneitinctus comb. nov., a bolete that is widespread across the eastern USA, C. cyaneitinctus f. reticulatus, and Lanmaoa sublurida, a rarely-documented bolete that is so far known only from Florida.
{"title":"Investigations in the boletes (Boletaceae) of southeastern USA: four novel species and three novel combinations","authors":"A. Farid, J. Bolin, LV Kudzma, AR Franck, Garey","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/12","url":null,"abstract":"The Boletaceae is the largest family of fleshy fungi in the Boletales. Despite the extensive history of work in the Boletaceae in North America, novel species and genera are continually being described. Multigene molecular phylogenetic analyses of five loci were combined with thorough morphological studies to investigate the taxonomy of several boletes from the southeastern USA. Based on our results, we describe four new species: Aureoboletus pseudoauriporus, Cyanoboletus bessettei, Hemileccinum floridanum, and Xerocomellus bolinii. We also propose three combinations to reflect the results of our molecular analyses: Cyanoboletus cyaneitinctus comb. nov., a bolete that is widespread across the eastern USA, C. cyaneitinctus f. reticulatus, and Lanmaoa sublurida, a rarely-documented bolete that is so far known only from Florida.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71233788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/16
Crs Lira
Several resupinate poroid Polyporaceae with dextrinoid skeletal hyphae and cylindrical, thinwalled basidiospores have been placed in Dichomitus and Megasporoporia. With the inclusion of DNA sequences, mostly from Chinese material, in the phylogeny of the genera, new genera were recognized, i.e., Megasporoporiella and Megasporia. In the current study, Jorgewrightia and Mariorajchenbergia are described as new genera in the Polyporaceae based on phylogenetic analyses of four gene regions: nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS (ITS) and partial Large Subunit (28S), Translation Elongation Factor 1-alpha (TEF1), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), mostly from Brazilian material. These new genera currently accommodate species formerly placed in Cerioporus, Dichomitus, Megasporia, Megasporoporiella and Pachykytospora. Dichomitus, Jorgewrightia, Mariorajchenbergia, Megasporia and Megasporoporia have mostly resupinate pale-colored basidiomata, poroid hymenophore, usually dextrinoid branched skeletal hyphae, and cylindrical basidiospores. These genera are difficult to differentiate on morphology alone and analyses based on sequences from at least two regions (ITS and 28S), as well as information about geographical distribution, are needed to separate them. Megasporia variabilicolor and Megasporoporia neosetulosa are described as new species, and one neotype and 20 new combinations are proposed. Synoptic tables including characteristics for 27 species from the five genera is presented.
{"title":"Phylogeny of Megasporoporia s.lat. and related genera of Poyporaceae: New genera, new species and new combinations","authors":"Crs Lira","doi":"10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/16","url":null,"abstract":"Several resupinate poroid Polyporaceae with dextrinoid skeletal hyphae and cylindrical, thinwalled basidiospores have been placed in Dichomitus and Megasporoporia. With the inclusion of DNA sequences, mostly from Chinese material, in the phylogeny of the genera, new genera were recognized, i.e., Megasporoporiella and Megasporia. In the current study, Jorgewrightia and Mariorajchenbergia are described as new genera in the Polyporaceae based on phylogenetic analyses of four gene regions: nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS (ITS) and partial Large Subunit (28S), Translation Elongation Factor 1-alpha (TEF1), and RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), mostly from Brazilian material. These new genera currently accommodate species formerly placed in Cerioporus, Dichomitus, Megasporia, Megasporoporiella and Pachykytospora. Dichomitus, Jorgewrightia, Mariorajchenbergia, Megasporia and Megasporoporia have mostly resupinate pale-colored basidiomata, poroid hymenophore, usually dextrinoid branched skeletal hyphae, and cylindrical basidiospores. These genera are difficult to differentiate on morphology alone and analyses based on sequences from at least two regions (ITS and 28S), as well as information about geographical distribution, are needed to separate them. Megasporia variabilicolor and Megasporoporia neosetulosa are described as new species, and one neotype and 20 new combinations are proposed. Synoptic tables including characteristics for 27 species from the five genera is presented.","PeriodicalId":48718,"journal":{"name":"Mycosphere","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":14.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71234462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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