Pub Date : 2021-01-26DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2020.SNPG.STA.1951
F. Tanneberger, Susanne Abel, J. Couwenberg, T. Dahms, G. Gaudig, A. Günther, J. Kreyling, Jan Peters, J. Pongratz, H. Joosten
2040) and ultimate (2050) milestones: Cropland use stopped and all Cropland converted to Grassland by 2030; Water tables raised to the soil surface on 15 % / 60 % / 100 % of all Grassland, on 50 % / 75 % / 100 % of all Forest land, and ultimately on 2/3 of all Settlements and on 100 % of all Wetlands. Also a more direct pathway 2 without interim ‘moist’ water tables and the climate effect (radiative forcing) of different scenarios is presented.
{"title":"Towards net zero CO2 in 2050: an emission reduction pathway for organic soils in Germany","authors":"F. Tanneberger, Susanne Abel, J. Couwenberg, T. Dahms, G. Gaudig, A. Günther, J. Kreyling, Jan Peters, J. Pongratz, H. Joosten","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2020.SNPG.STA.1951","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2020.SNPG.STA.1951","url":null,"abstract":"2040) and ultimate (2050) milestones: Cropland use stopped and all Cropland converted to Grassland by 2030; Water tables raised to the soil surface on 15 % / 60 % / 100 % of all Grassland, on 50 % / 75 % / 100 % of all Forest land, and ultimately on 2/3 of all Settlements and on 100 % of all Wetlands. Also a more direct pathway 2 without interim ‘moist’ water tables and the climate effect (radiative forcing) of different scenarios is presented.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42831488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1770
Samuel R. Mandiola, A. Grundling, P. Grundling, J. Plicht, B. V. D. Waal, A. Grootjans
{"title":"Ecohydrological analysis of a South African through-flow mire: Vankervelsvlei revisited","authors":"Samuel R. Mandiola, A. Grundling, P. Grundling, J. Plicht, B. V. D. Waal, A. Grootjans","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"27 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67989396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.JSP.STA.1916
Alejandra I. Domic, J. Capriles, R. I. Meneses, P. Pacheco
{"title":"Plant community assembly is predicted by an environmental gradient in high-altitude wetlands in the semiarid western bolivian andes","authors":"Alejandra I. Domic, J. Capriles, R. I. Meneses, P. Pacheco","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.JSP.STA.1916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.JSP.STA.1916","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67989768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2021.OMB.STA.2159
N. Wakhid, T. Hirano
{"title":"Soil CO2 emissions and net primary production of an oil palm plantation established on tropical peat","authors":"N. Wakhid, T. Hirano","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2021.OMB.STA.2159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2021.OMB.STA.2159","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"27 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67989531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-21DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1787
Ainoa Pravia Fernandez, R. Andersen, Rebekka R. E. Artz, K. Boyd, N. Cowie, N. Littlewood
The responses of peatland invertebrates to land use changes and associated effects of peatland degradation are not well known, particularly for diverse and species-rich taxa such as moths. We investigated broad patterns of distribution in moth communities during the restoration of formerly afforested blanket bog, as well as their degree of habitat affinity (tyrphophilia). Thus, we examined the response of moth communities to peatland management across a restoration chronosequence and used information about species traits to explain the species’ responses to restoration (trait syndromes). A clear shift towards open habitat moth species and away from specialist forest species took place following tree felling, and the moth communities of restoration treatments resembled the bog community within a few years following onset of restoration. Interestingly, species traditionally considered tyrphobionts (bog specialists) were not restricted to core bog habitats. Trait syndromes were identified for each treatment, highlighting the importance of phylogenetic, phenological and ecological performance traits linked mainly to species microhabitat selection, resource use and dispersal capability. The restoration of afforested blanket bog opens up the habitat for the recolonisation of boginhabiting moth species, mediated by species functional traits. However, a better understanding of moth functional traits, especially linked to moth ecology (including habitat preferences), is needed to aid understanding of the relationship between restoration trajectory, species traits and blanket bog habitat.
{"title":"Moth Responses to forest-to-bog restoration","authors":"Ainoa Pravia Fernandez, R. Andersen, Rebekka R. E. Artz, K. Boyd, N. Cowie, N. Littlewood","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1787","url":null,"abstract":"The responses of peatland invertebrates to land use changes and associated effects of peatland degradation are not well known, particularly for diverse and species-rich taxa such as moths. We investigated broad patterns of distribution in moth communities during the restoration of formerly afforested blanket bog, as well as their degree of habitat affinity (tyrphophilia). Thus, we examined the response of moth communities to peatland management across a restoration chronosequence and used information about species traits to explain the species’ responses to restoration (trait syndromes). A clear shift towards open habitat moth species and away from specialist forest species took place following tree felling, and the moth communities of restoration treatments resembled the bog community within a few years following onset of restoration. Interestingly, species traditionally considered tyrphobionts (bog specialists) were not restricted to core bog habitats. Trait syndromes were identified for each treatment, highlighting the importance of phylogenetic, phenological and ecological performance traits linked mainly to species microhabitat selection, resource use and dispersal capability. The restoration of afforested blanket bog opens up the habitat for the recolonisation of boginhabiting moth species, mediated by species functional traits. However, a better understanding of moth functional traits, especially linked to moth ecology (including habitat preferences), is needed to aid understanding of the relationship between restoration trajectory, species traits and blanket bog habitat.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46546635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.GDC.STA.1870
J. Turunen, S. Valpola
This study presents a new data synthesis of Finnish peatland area and carbon (C) store in peat from 1950 to 2015. We present updated results from the most comprehensive compilation of Finnish peat soil properties with associated C accumulation rates from undrained mires and C sources from different forms of anthropogenic land use. Since 1950, different forms of land use of Finnish peatlands have reduced the total peat C store by 3–10 %, approximately 172–510 Tg. The most significant C losses have occurred from forestrydrained peatlands, but significant losses have also occurred from agricultural peat soils, peat extraction, and other forms of peatland exploitation such as building water reservoirs. However, the C accumulation of undrained mires and especially the increased biomass production of drained peatlands have partly compensated for the anthropogenic C losses. The total C store of peatland vegetation biomass (trees, seedlings, ground vegetation, detritus and below-ground roots) was estimated to have increased by 92 Tg due to intensive peatland drainage. The present total C store of Finnish peatland ecosystems was estimated at 5618 Tg, which includes 5079 Tg as peat. The total C store estimate is approximately 1–7 % lower compared to the 1950s. Today, the undrained mires still represent a significant national C sink, with the rate of C sequestration estimated at 0.82 Tg yr-1. However, across all land uses the present peat soil is a C source by 3.7–10.0 Tg yr-1. Significant anthropogenic C losses from peat soil underline the urgent need for sustainable C management of all peatlands, including the preservation of the C store in existing natural mires, stopping land clearing on undisturbed organic soils, and improving the peatland hydrology by restoration to create long-term C sinks especially within the large unproductive drainage area and northern aapa mire area.
{"title":"The influence of anthropogenic land use on Finnish peatland area and carbon stores 1950–2015","authors":"J. Turunen, S. Valpola","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.GDC.STA.1870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.GDC.STA.1870","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a new data synthesis of Finnish peatland area and carbon (C) store in peat from 1950 to 2015. We present updated results from the most comprehensive compilation of Finnish peat soil properties with associated C accumulation rates from undrained mires and C sources from different forms of anthropogenic land use. Since 1950, different forms of land use of Finnish peatlands have reduced the total peat C store by 3–10 %, approximately 172–510 Tg. The most significant C losses have occurred from forestrydrained peatlands, but significant losses have also occurred from agricultural peat soils, peat extraction, and other forms of peatland exploitation such as building water reservoirs. However, the C accumulation of undrained mires and especially the increased biomass production of drained peatlands have partly compensated for the anthropogenic C losses. The total C store of peatland vegetation biomass (trees, seedlings, ground vegetation, detritus and below-ground roots) was estimated to have increased by 92 Tg due to intensive peatland drainage. The present total C store of Finnish peatland ecosystems was estimated at 5618 Tg, which includes 5079 Tg as peat. The total C store estimate is approximately 1–7 % lower compared to the 1950s. Today, the undrained mires still represent a significant national C sink, with the rate of C sequestration estimated at 0.82 Tg yr-1. However, across all land uses the present peat soil is a C source by 3.7–10.0 Tg yr-1. Significant anthropogenic C losses from peat soil underline the urgent need for sustainable C management of all peatlands, including the preservation of the C store in existing natural mires, stopping land clearing on undisturbed organic soils, and improving the peatland hydrology by restoration to create long-term C sinks especially within the large unproductive drainage area and northern aapa mire area.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48990516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1834
Y. Pang, Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, J. Xu, Y. Wu
Sphagnum mosses are the dominant species of natural peatlands, which are important in the global carbon cycle. There is increasing interest in the use of sensors mounted on satellites or unmanned aerial vehicles in association with management of the ecological resources of peatlands, e.g. for monitoring purposes. Since Sphagnum mosses grow with many other vascular plants in the same habitat, the spectral signals of Sphagnum moss pixels in the remote sensing image are mixed, so investigation of their spectral characteristics forms a basis for remote sensing of peatlands. In this study, the spectral characteristics of Sphagnum magellanicum Brid were analysed at various levels (field and laboratory hyperspectral, laboratory plant physiology, satellite sensors) and compared with those of other plants, in order to examine the potential for developing remote sensing methods to distinguish Sphagnum . The results showed that: (1) the unique spectral characteristics of S. magellanicum that might be used to distinguish it from other plants are located in the near-infrared and shortwave infrared (NIR-SWIR; 760–2400 nm) region of the reflectance spectrum, and especially in the two water absorption bands (980 and 1150 nm); (2) the cell structure of S. magellanicum (which is the basis of its large water-holding capacity) explains the very low reflectance in the NIR-SWIR and the sensitivity of reflectance in the IR to moisture; and (3) the identification of Sphagnum from satellite remote sensing data should be based on sensors which have more infrared channels such as Sentinel-2A MSI, and on vegetation indices established in the NIR-SWIR such as MSI (moisture stress index) and NDII (normalised difference infrared index).
{"title":"Identifying spectral features of characteristics of Sphagnum to assess the remote sensing potential of peatlands: A case study in China","authors":"Y. Pang, Y. Huang, Y. Zhou, J. Xu, Y. Wu","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.OMB.STA.1834","url":null,"abstract":"Sphagnum mosses are the dominant species of natural peatlands, which are important in the global carbon cycle. There is increasing interest in the use of sensors mounted on satellites or unmanned aerial vehicles in association with management of the ecological resources of peatlands, e.g. for monitoring purposes. Since Sphagnum mosses grow with many other vascular plants in the same habitat, the spectral signals of Sphagnum moss pixels in the remote sensing image are mixed, so investigation of their spectral characteristics forms a basis for remote sensing of peatlands. In this study, the spectral characteristics of Sphagnum magellanicum Brid were analysed at various levels (field and laboratory hyperspectral, laboratory plant physiology, satellite sensors) and compared with those of other plants, in order to examine the potential for developing remote sensing methods to distinguish Sphagnum . The results showed that: (1) the unique spectral characteristics of S. magellanicum that might be used to distinguish it from other plants are located in the near-infrared and shortwave infrared (NIR-SWIR; 760–2400 nm) region of the reflectance spectrum, and especially in the two water absorption bands (980 and 1150 nm); (2) the cell structure of S. magellanicum (which is the basis of its large water-holding capacity) explains the very low reflectance in the NIR-SWIR and the sensitivity of reflectance in the IR to moisture; and (3) the identification of Sphagnum from satellite remote sensing data should be based on sensors which have more infrared channels such as Sentinel-2A MSI, and on vegetation indices established in the NIR-SWIR such as MSI (moisture stress index) and NDII (normalised difference infrared index).","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44167504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1808
M. Minke, A. Freibauer, T. Yarmashuk, A. Burlo, H. Harbachova, A. Schneider, V. Tikhonov, J. Augustin
{"title":"Flooding of an abandoned fen by beaver led to highly variable greenhouse gas emissions","authors":"M. Minke, A. Freibauer, T. Yarmashuk, A. Burlo, H. Harbachova, A. Schneider, V. Tikhonov, J. Augustin","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1808","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49050291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-05-29DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2020.RSC.STA.1977
V. Larivière
(1) Peatlands provide a range of services to societies, such as sequestration of organic carbon, biodiversity protection, attenuation of water flow, and the provision of fuel, wood and fruit, among others. Despite their global importance, no study has yet characterised peatland research on a global scale. This study aims at providing a better understanding of the geographical distribution of peatland research, of its variations through time, and of the specific topics studied.
{"title":"The ecosystem of peatland research: a bibliometric analysis","authors":"V. Larivière","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2020.RSC.STA.1977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2020.RSC.STA.1977","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Peatlands provide a range of services to societies, such as sequestration of organic carbon, biodiversity protection, attenuation of water flow, and the provision of fuel, wood and fruit, among others. Despite their global importance, no study has yet characterised peatland research on a global scale. This study aims at providing a better understanding of the geographical distribution of peatland research, of its variations through time, and of the specific topics studied.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44982687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1768
S. Wichmann, M. Krebs, Sanjeev Kumar, G. Gaudig
{"title":"Paludiculture on former bog grassland: Profitability of Sphagnum farming in North West Germany","authors":"S. Wichmann, M. Krebs, Sanjeev Kumar, G. Gaudig","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2019.SNPG.STA.1768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42316599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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