Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.278
A. Kämäräinen, A. Simojoki, L. Lindén, K. Jokinen, Niko Silvan
1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 2 Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 3 Natural Resources Institute Finland, Natural Resources and Bioproduction, Helsinki, Finland 4 Natural Resources Institute Finland, Bio-based Business and Industry, Parkano, Finland _______________________________________________________________________________________
{"title":"Physical growing media characteristics of Sphagnum biomass dominated by Sphagnum fuscum (Schimp.) Klinggr","authors":"A. Kämäräinen, A. Simojoki, L. Lindén, K. Jokinen, Niko Silvan","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.278","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 2 Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 3 Natural Resources Institute Finland, Natural Resources and Bioproduction, Helsinki, Finland 4 Natural Resources Institute Finland, Bio-based Business and Industry, Parkano, Finland _______________________________________________________________________________________","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"21 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67987420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.352
Simon J. Husson, S. Limin, Adul, N. Boyd, J. Brousseau, S. Collier, S. Cheyne, Laura J. d’Arcy, R. Dow, N. Dowds, Marc L. Dragiewicz, D. E. Smith, Iwan, Hendri, Peter R Houlihan, K. Jeffers, Benjamin J. M. Jarrett, I. Kulu, H. Morrogh-Bernard, S. Page, Eric Perlett, A. Purwanto, B. R. Capilla, Salahuddin, Santiano, Stijn J J Schreven, M. Struebig, S. Thornton, C. Tremlett, Z. Yeen, M. Harrison
We thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation Inc., IFAW, Karen Hanssen Trust, the Rufford Foundation, Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, Clouded Leopard Project, Fresno Chafee Zoo, and Panthera and Robertson Foundation (through WildCRU, University of Oxford). A large number of staff, students, volunteers and other visitors from Borneo Nature Foundation and other organisations have contributed to this work, both generally and byWe thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation Inc., IFAW, Karen Hanssen Trust, the Rufford Foundation, Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, Clouded Leopard Project, Fresno Chafee Zoo, and Panthera and Robertson Foundation (through WildCRU, University of Oxford). A large number of staff, students, volunteers and other visitors from Borneo Nature Foundation and other organisations have contributed to this work, both generally and byWe thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation
我们感谢印度尼西亚研究与技术部(RISTEK)和UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR对NLPSF的研究许可。这里所描述的物种记录的收集是在多年来大量资金的支持下才得以实现的，其中我们特别感谢猩猩项目、Arcus基金会、美国鱼类和野生动物管理局类人猿保护基金、拯救猩猩基金会和猩猩土地信托基金、猩猩呼吁英国、EAZA、Bioparcs基金会、猩猩外展、猩猩保护协会、塔龙加动物园、河岸动物园、华莱士全球基金、香港海洋公园保育基金会、野生动物保育学会、灵长类动物保育公司、IFAW、Karen hansen Trust、ruffford基金会、Point Defiance动物园及水族馆、云豹计划、Fresno Chafee动物园、Panthera and Robertson基金会(透过WildCRU、牛津大学)。来自婆罗洲自然基金会和其他组织的大量工作人员、学生、志愿者和其他访客为这项工作做出了贡献，我们感谢印度尼西亚研究与技术部(RISTEK)和UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR对NLPSF的研究许可。这里所描述的物种记录的收集是在多年来大量资金的支持下才得以实现的，其中我们特别感谢猩猩项目、Arcus基金会、美国鱼类和野生动物管理局类人猿保护基金、拯救猩猩基金会和猩猩土地信托基金、猩猩呼吁英国、EAZA、Bioparcs基金会、猩猩外展、猩猩保护协会、塔龙加动物园、河岸动物园、华莱士全球基金、香港海洋公园保育基金会、野生动物保育学会、灵长类动物保育公司、IFAW、Karen hansen Trust、ruffford基金会、Point Defiance动物园及水族馆、云豹计划、Fresno Chafee动物园、Panthera and Robertson基金会(透过WildCRU、牛津大学)。来自婆罗洲自然基金会和其他组织的大量工作人员、学生、志愿者和其他访客为这项工作做出了贡献，我们感谢印度尼西亚研究与技术部(RISTEK)和UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR对NLPSF的研究许可。这里所描述的物种记录的收集是在多年来大量资金的支持下才得以实现的，其中我们特别感谢猩猩项目、Arcus基金会、美国鱼类和野生动物管理局类人猿保护基金、拯救猩猩基金会和猩猩土地信托基金、猩猩呼吁英国、EAZA、Bioparcs基金会、猩猩外展、猩猩保护协会、塔龙加动物园、河岸动物园、华莱士全球基金、香港海洋公园保育基金会、野生动物保育学会、灵长类动物保育公司、IFAW、Karen hansen Trust、ruffford基金会、Point Defiance动物园及水族馆、云豹计划、Fresno Chafee动物园、Panthera and Robertson基金会(透过WildCRU、牛津大学)。来自婆罗洲自然基金会和其他组织的大量工作人员、学生、志愿者和其他游客都为这项工作做出了贡献，包括提供记录;我们向他们所有人表示诚挚的感谢。
{"title":"Biodiversity of the Sebangau tropical peat swamp forest, Indonesian Borneo","authors":"Simon J. Husson, S. Limin, Adul, N. Boyd, J. Brousseau, S. Collier, S. Cheyne, Laura J. d’Arcy, R. Dow, N. Dowds, Marc L. Dragiewicz, D. E. Smith, Iwan, Hendri, Peter R Houlihan, K. Jeffers, Benjamin J. M. Jarrett, I. Kulu, H. Morrogh-Bernard, S. Page, Eric Perlett, A. Purwanto, B. R. Capilla, Salahuddin, Santiano, Stijn J J Schreven, M. Struebig, S. Thornton, C. Tremlett, Z. Yeen, M. Harrison","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2018.OMB.352","url":null,"abstract":"We thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation Inc., IFAW, Karen Hanssen Trust, the Rufford Foundation, Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, Clouded Leopard Project, Fresno Chafee Zoo, and Panthera and Robertson Foundation (through WildCRU, University of Oxford). A large number of staff, students, volunteers and other visitors from Borneo Nature Foundation and other organisations have contributed to this work, both generally and byWe thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation Inc., IFAW, Karen Hanssen Trust, the Rufford Foundation, Point Defiance Zoo and Aquarium, Clouded Leopard Project, Fresno Chafee Zoo, and Panthera and Robertson Foundation (through WildCRU, University of Oxford). A large number of staff, students, volunteers and other visitors from Borneo Nature Foundation and other organisations have contributed to this work, both generally and byWe thank the Indonesian Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and UPT LLG CIMTROP UPR for research permissions in the NLPSF. Collection of the species records described here has been made possible through financial support from a large number of sources over the years, among which we are particularly indebted to The Orangutan Project, Arcus Foundation, US Fish & Wildlife Service Great Apes Conservation Fund, the StOLT fund of SaveTheOrangutan and the Orangutan Land Trust, Orangutan Appeal UK, EAZA, Bioparcs Foundation, Orangutan Outreach, Orangutan Conservancy, Taronga Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Wallace Global Fund, Ocean Parks Conservation Foundation Hong Kong, Wildlife Conservation Society, Primate Conservation","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67988311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-12-20DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72925
T. Dreschel, S. Hohner, S. Aich, C. Mcvoy
In this chapter, we briefly discuss the development of the Everglades over the past 5 mil - lion years, the modifications made to the Everglades over the past century and a half and the quantification of the changes that have occurred to the peat soils of the Everglades due to natural and anthropogenic causes during this most recent period. Using Geographic Information Systems and historical data sets, we have been able to calculate the origi - nal peat volumes, the remaining peat volumes and thus, the amount lost over the past approximately 150 years. From these volume calculations and peat physical and chemical characterizations by the USEPA over a large area of the Everglades, we have estimated the mass of peat and carbon lost, 900 million metric tons and 300 million metric tons, respectively. The amount of peat lost has implications for hydrological, ecological and landscape restoration and habitat recovery for the Everglades.
{"title":"Peat Soils of the Everglades of Florida, USA","authors":"T. Dreschel, S. Hohner, S. Aich, C. Mcvoy","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.72925","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we briefly discuss the development of the Everglades over the past 5 mil - lion years, the modifications made to the Everglades over the past century and a half and the quantification of the changes that have occurred to the peat soils of the Everglades due to natural and anthropogenic causes during this most recent period. Using Geographic Information Systems and historical data sets, we have been able to calculate the origi - nal peat volumes, the remaining peat volumes and thus, the amount lost over the past approximately 150 years. From these volume calculations and peat physical and chemical characterizations by the USEPA over a large area of the Everglades, we have estimated the mass of peat and carbon lost, 900 million metric tons and 300 million metric tons, respectively. The amount of peat lost has implications for hydrological, ecological and landscape restoration and habitat recovery for the Everglades.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76256873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-25DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.281
S. Chapman, J. Farmer, A. Main, J. D. Smith
Several previous studies have demonstrated the close relationship between peat dry bulk density and gravimetric moisture content. However, the basis for including peat ash (mineral) content or variation in the specific gravity of peat solids has not been covered. Here we present a theoretical basis for estimating peat dry bulk density for saturated peats from values of moisture content and, where available, ash content. The theory is evaluated using datasets obtained from Scotland, Ireland and Indonesia where both dry bulk density and peat moisture content have been measured. Deviations from theory are discussed in terms of peat gas volume and possible errors in the determination of peat dry bulk density.
{"title":"Refining pedotransfer functions for estimating peat bulk density","authors":"S. Chapman, J. Farmer, A. Main, J. D. Smith","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.281","url":null,"abstract":"Several previous studies have demonstrated the close relationship between peat dry bulk density and gravimetric moisture content. However, the basis for including peat ash (mineral) content or variation in the specific gravity of peat solids has not been covered. Here we present a theoretical basis for estimating peat dry bulk density for saturated peats from values of moisture content and, where available, ash content. The theory is evaluated using datasets obtained from Scotland, Ireland and Indonesia where both dry bulk density and peat moisture content have been measured. Deviations from theory are discussed in terms of peat gas volume and possible errors in the determination of peat dry bulk density.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46748835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-10DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.264
F. Tanneberger, C. Tegetmeyer, S. Busse, A. Barthelmes, S. Shumka, A. Mariné, K. Jenderedjian, G. Steiner, F. Essl, J. Etzold, C. Mendes, A. Kozulin, P. Frankard, D. Milanovic, A. Ganeva, I. Apostolova, A. Alegro, P. Delipetrou, J. Navrátilová, M. Risager, A. Leivits, A. Fosaa, S. Tuominen, F. Muller, T. Bakuradze, M. Sommer, K. Christanis, E. Szurdoki, H. Óskarsson, S. Brink, J. Connolly, L. Bragazza, G. Martinelli, O. Aleksans, A. Priede, D. Sungaila, L. Melovski, T. Belous, D. Saveljić, F. D. Vries, A. Moen, W. Dembek, J. Mateus, J. Hanganu, A. Sirin, A. Markina, M. Napreenko, P. Lazarević, V. Stanová, P. Skoberne, P. H. Pérez, X. P. Pombal, J. Lonnstad, M. Küchler, C. Galley, S. Kırca, O. Mykytiuk, R. Lindsay, H. Joosten
Based on the ‘European Mires Book’ of the International Mire Conservation Group (IMCG), this article provides a composite map of national datasets as the first comprehensive peatland map for the whole of Europe. We also present estimates of the extent of peatlands and mires in each European country individually and for the entire continent. A minimum peat thickness criterion has not been strictly applied, to allow for (often historically determined) country-specific definitions. Our ‘peatland’ concept includes all ‘mires’, which are peatlands where peat is being formed. The map was constructed by merging national datasets in GIS while maintaining the mapping scales of the original input data. This ‘bottom-up’ approach indicates that the overall area of peatland in Europe is 593,727 km². Mires were found to cover more than 320,000 km² (around 54 % of the total peatland area). If shallow-peat lands (< 30 cm peat) in European Russia are also taken into account, the total peatland area in Europe is more than 1,000,000 km2, which is almost 10 % of the total surface area. Composite inventories of national peatland information, as presented here for Europe, may serve to identify gaps and priority areas for field survey, and help to cross-check and calibrate remote sensing based mapping approaches.
{"title":"The peatland map of Europe","authors":"F. Tanneberger, C. Tegetmeyer, S. Busse, A. Barthelmes, S. Shumka, A. Mariné, K. Jenderedjian, G. Steiner, F. Essl, J. Etzold, C. Mendes, A. Kozulin, P. Frankard, D. Milanovic, A. Ganeva, I. Apostolova, A. Alegro, P. Delipetrou, J. Navrátilová, M. Risager, A. Leivits, A. Fosaa, S. Tuominen, F. Muller, T. Bakuradze, M. Sommer, K. Christanis, E. Szurdoki, H. Óskarsson, S. Brink, J. Connolly, L. Bragazza, G. Martinelli, O. Aleksans, A. Priede, D. Sungaila, L. Melovski, T. Belous, D. Saveljić, F. D. Vries, A. Moen, W. Dembek, J. Mateus, J. Hanganu, A. Sirin, A. Markina, M. Napreenko, P. Lazarević, V. Stanová, P. Skoberne, P. H. Pérez, X. P. Pombal, J. Lonnstad, M. Küchler, C. Galley, S. Kırca, O. Mykytiuk, R. Lindsay, H. Joosten","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.264","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the ‘European Mires Book’ of the International Mire Conservation Group (IMCG), this article provides a composite map of national datasets as the first comprehensive peatland map for the whole of Europe. We also present estimates of the extent of peatlands and mires in each European country individually and for the entire continent. A minimum peat thickness criterion has not been strictly applied, to allow for (often historically determined) country-specific definitions. Our ‘peatland’ concept includes all ‘mires’, which are peatlands where peat is being formed. The map was constructed by merging national datasets in GIS while maintaining the mapping scales of the original input data. This ‘bottom-up’ approach indicates that the overall area of peatland in Europe is 593,727 km². Mires were found to cover more than 320,000 km² (around 54 % of the total peatland area). If shallow-peat lands (< 30 cm peat) in European Russia are also taken into account, the total peatland area in Europe is more than 1,000,000 km2, which is almost 10 % of the total surface area. Composite inventories of national peatland information, as presented here for Europe, may serve to identify gaps and priority areas for field survey, and help to cross-check and calibrate remote sensing based mapping approaches.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41402503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-10-31DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.277
M. Sánchez, R. Chimner, J. Hribljan, E. Lilleskov, E. Suárez
Peatlands are widespread throughout the tropical Andean paramo. Despite the large carbon stocks in these ecosystems, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) flux data are lacking. In addition, cattle grazing is widespread in the paramo and could alter gas fluxes. Therefore, our objectives were to measure CO2 and CH4 fluxes with the static chamber technique in an undisturbed and in an intensively cattle grazed peatland in the mountains of Ecuador. We found that hummocks in the undisturbed site had higher net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and CH4 fluxes, compared to lawns. In contrast, microtopography at the grazed site did not predict CO2 fluxes, whereas vegetation cover was correlated for all three metrics (NEE, ER, and GPP). At low vegetation cover, NEE was positive (losing carbon). CH4 emissions in the undisturbed site were low (8.1 mg CH4 m-2 d-1). In contrast, CH4 emissions at the grazed site were much greater (132.3 mg CH4 m-2 d-1). This is probably attributable to trampling and nutrient inputs from cattle. In summary, the two peatlands differed greatly in CO2 and CH4 exchange rates, which could be due to the variation in climate and hydrology, or alternatively to intensive grazing by cattle.
{"title":"Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes in grazed and undisturbed mountain peatlands in the Ecuadorian Andes","authors":"M. Sánchez, R. Chimner, J. Hribljan, E. Lilleskov, E. Suárez","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2017.OMB.277","url":null,"abstract":"Peatlands are widespread throughout the tropical Andean paramo. Despite the large carbon stocks in these ecosystems, carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) flux data are lacking. In addition, cattle grazing is widespread in the paramo and could alter gas fluxes. Therefore, our objectives were to measure CO2 and CH4 fluxes with the static chamber technique in an undisturbed and in an intensively cattle grazed peatland in the mountains of Ecuador. We found that hummocks in the undisturbed site had higher net ecosystem exchange (NEE), gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (ER), and CH4 fluxes, compared to lawns. In contrast, microtopography at the grazed site did not predict CO2 fluxes, whereas vegetation cover was correlated for all three metrics (NEE, ER, and GPP). At low vegetation cover, NEE was positive (losing carbon). CH4 emissions in the undisturbed site were low (8.1 mg CH4 m-2 d-1). In contrast, CH4 emissions at the grazed site were much greater (132.3 mg CH4 m-2 d-1). This is probably attributable to trampling and nutrient inputs from cattle. In summary, the two peatlands differed greatly in CO2 and CH4 exchange rates, which could be due to the variation in climate and hydrology, or alternatively to intensive grazing by cattle.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47271850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-21DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.262
N. Stivrins, I. Ozoloa, M. Gałka, Eliza Kuske, T. Alliksaar, T. J. Andersen, M. Lamentowicz, S. Wulf, T. Reitalu
1Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia 3Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia 4Lake and Peatland Research Centre, Alojas District, Puikule, Latvia 5Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland 6Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia 7Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 8Laboratory of Wetlands Ecology and Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland 9Senckenberg Research Institute & Natural History Museum, BIK-F, TSP6 Evolution and Climate, Frankfurt, Germany 10Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany 11Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany _______________________________________________________________________________________
{"title":"Drivers of peat accumulation rate in a raised bog: impact of drainage, climate, and local vegetation composition","authors":"N. Stivrins, I. Ozoloa, M. Gałka, Eliza Kuske, T. Alliksaar, T. J. Andersen, M. Lamentowicz, S. Wulf, T. Reitalu","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.262","url":null,"abstract":"1Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Institute of Geology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia 3Institute of Soil and Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Latvia University of Agriculture, Jelgava, Latvia 4Lake and Peatland Research Centre, Alojas District, Puikule, Latvia 5Department of Biogeography and Palaeoecology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland 6Faculty of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia 7Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 8Laboratory of Wetlands Ecology and Monitoring, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland 9Senckenberg Research Institute & Natural History Museum, BIK-F, TSP6 Evolution and Climate, Frankfurt, Germany 10Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany 11Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany _______________________________________________________________________________________","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42724738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-18DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2013.OMB.150
T. Minayeva, O. Bragg, A. Sirin
Natural peatlands support rich biological diversity at the genetic, species, ecosystem and landscape levels. However, because the character of this diversity differs from that of other ecosystem types, the value of peatlands for biodiversity has often been overlooked. Fundamentally, this arises because peatland ecosystems direct part of the energy captured by primary production into long-term storage within a peat layer, and thus establish a structural and functional basis for biodiversity maintenance that is not found elsewhere. This article examines the far-reaching implications for the assessment of peatland biodiversity as well as for the drivers, methods and targets of peatland conservation and restoration initiatives. It becomes clear that a robust framework for the management and restoration of peatland biodiversity must be founded in structuralfunctional ecosystem analysis, and such a framework is developed. The authors draw on a broad base of historical and contemporary literature and experience, including important Russian contributions that have previously had little international exposure.
{"title":"Towards ecosystem-based restoration of peatland biodiversity","authors":"T. Minayeva, O. Bragg, A. Sirin","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2013.OMB.150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2013.OMB.150","url":null,"abstract":"Natural peatlands support rich biological diversity at the genetic, species, ecosystem and landscape levels. However, because the character of this diversity differs from that of other ecosystem types, the value of peatlands for biodiversity has often been overlooked. Fundamentally, this arises because peatland ecosystems direct part of the energy captured by primary production into long-term storage within a peat layer, and thus establish a structural and functional basis for biodiversity maintenance that is not found elsewhere. This article examines the far-reaching implications for the assessment of peatland biodiversity as well as for the drivers, methods and targets of peatland conservation and restoration initiatives. It becomes clear that a robust framework for the management and restoration of peatland biodiversity must be founded in structuralfunctional ecosystem analysis, and such a framework is developed. The authors draw on a broad base of historical and contemporary literature and experience, including important Russian contributions that have previously had little international exposure.","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42019756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.257
K. Tudyka, A. Pazdur, F. Vleeschouwer, M. Lityńska-Zając, L. Chróst, N. Fagel
1 Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland 2 University of Toulouse (INP, UPS) and CNRS, EcoLab, ENSAT, Castanet Tolosan, France 3 Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland 4 Laboratory for Ecological Research, Measurement and Expertise, Gliwice, Poland 5 UR AGEs, Department of Geology, University of Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium _______________________________________________________________________________________
{"title":"Holocene elemental, lead isotope and charcoal record from peat in Southern Poland","authors":"K. Tudyka, A. Pazdur, F. Vleeschouwer, M. Lityńska-Zając, L. Chróst, N. Fagel","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.257","url":null,"abstract":"1 Department of Radioisotopes, Institute of Physics, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland 2 University of Toulouse (INP, UPS) and CNRS, EcoLab, ENSAT, Castanet Tolosan, France 3 Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland 4 Laboratory for Ecological Research, Measurement and Expertise, Gliwice, Poland 5 UR AGEs, Department of Geology, University of Liège (Sart Tilman), Belgium _______________________________________________________________________________________","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67987654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.237
E. Feldmeyer-Christe, M. Küchler
{"title":"Quality loss of Swiss bog vegetation - the key importance of the margins","authors":"E. Feldmeyer-Christe, M. Küchler","doi":"10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19189/MAP.2016.OMB.237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48721,"journal":{"name":"Mires and Peat","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67986650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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