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Spatial Semantics for the Evaluation of Administrative Geospatial Ontologies 评估行政地理空间本体的空间语义学
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080291
Alia I. Abdelmoty, Hanan Muhajab, Abdurauf Satoti
Administrative geography is concerned with the hierarchy of areas related to national and local government in a country. They form an important dataset in the country’s open data provision and act as the geo-referencing backdrop for many types of geospatial data. Proprietary ontologies are built to model and represent these data with little focus on spatial semantics. Studying the quality of these ontologies and developing methods for their evaluation are needed. This paper addresses these problems by studying the spatial semantics of administrative geography data and proposes a uniform set of qualitative semantics that encapsulates the inherent spatial structure of the administrative divisions and allows for the application of spatial reasoning. Topological and proximity semantics are defined and combined into a single measure of spatial completeness and used for defining a set of competency questions to be used in the evaluation process. The significance of the novel measure of completeness and competency questions is demonstrated on four prominent real world administrative geography ontologies. It is shown how these can provide an objective measure of quality of the geospatial ontologies and gaps in their definition. The proposed approach to defining spatial completeness complements the established methods in the literature, that primarily focus on the syntactical and structural dimensions of the ontologies, and offers a novel approach to ontology evaluation in the geospatial domain.
行政地理学关注的是一个国家与国家和地方政府相关的区域等级。它们是国家开放数据提供的重要数据集,也是多种地理空间数据的地理参照背景。专有本体的建立是为了对这些数据进行建模和表示,而很少关注空间语义。我们需要研究这些本体的质量并开发评估方法。本文通过研究行政地理数据的空间语义来解决这些问题,并提出了一套统一的定性语义,该语义囊括了行政区划的固有空间结构,并允许应用空间推理。定义了拓扑语义和邻近语义,并将其合并为单一的空间完备性衡量标准,用于定义评价过程中使用的一系列能力问题。新颖的完备性衡量标准和能力问题在四个重要的现实世界行政地理本体中得到了证明。结果表明,这些方法可以客观地衡量地理空间本体的质量及其定义中的差距。所提出的定义空间完整性的方法是对文献中主要关注本体的语法和结构维度的既定方法的补充,并为地理空间领域的本体评估提供了一种新方法。
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引用次数: 0
SAMPLID: A New Supervised Approach for Meaningful Place Identification Using Call Detail Records as an Alternative to Classical Unsupervised Clustering Techniques SAMPLID:一种利用通话详细记录进行有意义地点识别的新监督方法,可替代经典的无监督聚类技术
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080289
Manuel Mendoza-Hurtado, Juan A. Romero-del-Castillo, Domingo Ortiz-Boyer
Data supplied by mobile phones have become the basis for identifying meaningful places frequently visited by individuals. In this study, we introduce SAMPLID, a new Supervised Approach for Meaningful Place Identification, based on providing a knowledge base focused on the specific problem we aim to solve (e.g., home/work identification). This approach allows to tackle place identification from a supervised perspective, offering an alternative to unsupervised clustering techniques. These clustering techniques rely on data characteristics that may not always be directly related to classification objectives. Our results, using mobility data provided by call detail records (CDRs) from Milan, demonstrate superior performance compared to applying clustering techniques. For all types of CDRs, the best results are obtained with the 20 × 20 subgrid, indicating that the model performs better when supplied with information from neighboring cells with a close spatial relationship, establishing neighborhood relationships that allow the model to clearly learn to identify transitions between cells of different types. Considering that it is common for a place or cell to be labeled in multiple categories at once, this supervised approach opens the door to addressing the identification of meaningful places from a multi-label perspective, which is difficult to achieve using classical unsupervised methods.
手机提供的数据已成为识别个人常去的有意义场所的基础。在本研究中,我们介绍了 SAMPLID,这是一种新的有意义地点识别监督方法,其基础是针对我们要解决的特定问题(如家庭/工作地点识别)提供一个知识库。这种方法可以从监督的角度来解决地点识别问题,为无监督聚类技术提供了一种替代方案。这些聚类技术依赖于数据特征,而这些特征可能并不总是与分类目标直接相关。我们使用米兰呼叫详情记录(CDR)提供的流动性数据得出的结果表明,与应用聚类技术相比,我们的结果具有更优越的性能。对于所有类型的 CDR,使用 20 × 20 子网格都能获得最佳结果,这表明当模型获得来自空间关系密切的相邻小区的信息时,其性能会更好。考虑到一个地点或单元格同时被标记为多个类别的情况很常见,这种有监督的方法为从多标签角度识别有意义的地点打开了大门,而这是传统的无监督方法难以实现的。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial Planning Data Structure Based on Blockchain Technology 基于区块链技术的空间规划数据结构
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080290
Minwen Tang, Wujiao Dai, Changlin Yin, Bing Hu, Jun Chen, Haoming Liu
Spatial planning requires ensuring the legality, uniformity, authority, and relevance of data. Blockchain technology, characterized by tamper-proofing, complete record-keeping, and process traceability, may effectively organize and manage spatial planning data. This study introduces blockchain technology to address common spatial planning problems, such as planning overlaps and conflicts. We developed a block structure, chain structure, and consensus algorithms tailored for spatial planning. To meet the data management requirements of these structures, we devised a primary unit division method based on the space and population standards of the 15 min life circle, using the Point Cloud Density Tiler. The validation experiments were conducted using the Hyperledger Fabric 2.0 technology framework in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China, with the division method validated against the number and distribution of public service facilities. The validation results show that during the data storage process, the block size remains below 1.00 MB, the data redundancy is up to 21.30%, the consensus verification rate is 150.33 times per second, the block generation rate is 20.83 blocks per minute, and the equivalent data throughput is 12.21 transactions per second. This demonstrates that the proposed method effectively addresses the challenges of block size, data redundancy, consensus algorithm efficiency, and data throughput in blockchain technology. The findings demonstrate that the structures ensure legal, uniform, and authoritative spatial planning, and advance the application of blockchain technology in relevant fields. Additionally, we explored the application of a blockchain data structure in spatial planning monitoring and early warning. This technology can be further studied and applied in related fields.
空间规划需要确保数据的合法性、统一性、权威性和相关性。区块链技术具有防篡改、记录完整、过程可追溯等特点,可以有效地组织和管理空间规划数据。本研究引入区块链技术来解决常见的空间规划问题,如规划重叠和冲突。我们开发了专为空间规划定制的区块结构、链结构和共识算法。为了满足这些结构的数据管理要求,我们设计了一种基于 15 分钟生活圈的空间和人口标准的一级单位划分方法,使用点云密度堆积器。在中国湖南省长沙市使用 Hyperledger Fabric 2.0 技术框架进行了验证实验,根据公共服务设施的数量和分布对划分方法进行了验证。验证结果表明,在数据存储过程中,区块大小保持在 1.00 MB 以下,数据冗余度高达 21.30%,共识验证率为每秒 150.33 次,区块生成率为每分钟 20.83 个区块,等效数据吞吐量为每秒 12.21 笔交易。这表明,所提出的方法有效地解决了区块链技术中区块大小、数据冗余、共识算法效率和数据吞吐量等难题。研究结果表明,这些结构确保了空间规划的合法性、统一性和权威性,推动了区块链技术在相关领域的应用。此外,我们还探索了区块链数据结构在空间规划监测和预警中的应用。该技术可在相关领域进一步研究和应用。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing and Predicting Nearshore Seawater Quality with Spatio-Temporal Semivariograms: The Case of Coastal Waters in Fujian Province, China 利用时空半变量图评估和预测近岸海水水质:中国福建省沿海水域案例
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080292
Wei Wang, Wenfang Cheng, Jing Chen
The scientific assessment and prediction of nearshore water quality are crucial for marine environment protection efforts. This study is based on a comprehensive analysis of existing assessment and prediction methods and considers the regular and random characteristics of nearshore seawater quality due to both natural and anthropogenic influences. It proposes a new method that applies the kriging interpolation algorithm to empirically generated spatio-temporal semivariograms to assess and predict seawater quality. The application of this method in Fujian coastal areas shows that it is able to flexibly and scientifically estimate the variations in various indicators in the region. Combined with GIS spatial data overlay analysis operations, it can be used to quantitatively evaluate different qualities of seawater and provide scientific guidance for marine environmental protection.
近岸水质的科学评估和预测对海洋环境保护工作至关重要。本研究在综合分析现有评估和预测方法的基础上,考虑了自然和人为影响导致的近岸海水水质的规律性和随机性特征。它提出了一种新方法,将克里金插值算法应用于根据经验生成的时空半变量图,以评估和预测海水水质。该方法在福建沿海地区的应用表明,它能够灵活、科学地估算该地区各项指标的变化情况。结合 GIS 空间数据叠加分析操作,可用于定量评价海水的不同质量,为海洋环境保护提供科学指导。
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引用次数: 0
Isochrone-Based Accessibility Analysis of Pre-Hospital Emergency Medical Facilities: A Case Study of Central Districts of Beijing 基于等时性的院前急救医疗设施可达性分析:北京中心区案例研究
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080288
Yuan Zhao, Ying Zhou
Pre-hospital emergency medical service (PHEMS) is critical for the treatment outcomes of life-threatening injuries and time-sensitive illnesses. Response time, influenced by traffic conditions and the site planning of pre-hospital emergency medical facilities (PHEMFs), is the main indicator for evaluating PHEMS. In 2020, the Beijing government released the “Special Plan for Spatial Layout of Pre-hospital Emergency Medical Facilities in Beijing (2020–2022)”. This paper evaluates the functional efficiency and spatial equity of this plan within Beijing’s central six districts using isochrone measures to assess the accessibility of the planned PHEMFs. The isochrone coverages of the area and population were calculated, and the temporal-spatial characteristics of isochrones were concluded. The analysis revealed that while the current planning meets several objectives, challenges in service availability and equity persist. Although 10-min isochrone coverage was high, 8-min coverage was insufficient, particularly during peak hours. This highlights gaps in service accessibility that necessitate additional emergency stations in underserved areas. The current planning approach leads to significant overlap at administrative boundaries, causing service oversupply and increased costs, which calls for a city-wide planning perspective that breaks administrative boundaries to optimize resource allocation. Traffic conditions significantly impact service coverage, with congestion reducing coverage in central areas and better coverage near traffic hubs. Future planning should strategically place stations based on traffic patterns and population distribution to enhance emergency medical service accessibility and equity in urban areas.
院前急救医疗服务(PHEMS)对于危及生命的伤害和时间紧迫的疾病的治疗效果至关重要。受交通状况和院前急救设施(PHEMF)选址规划的影响,响应时间是评价院前急救服务的主要指标。2020 年,北京市政府发布了《北京市院前急救医疗设施空间布局专项规划(2020-2022 年)》。本文采用等时线方法评估规划中的院前急救设施的可达性,从而评价该规划在北京中心六区范围内的功能效率和空间公平性。计算了面积和人口的等时线覆盖率,并总结了等时线的时空特征。分析结果表明,虽然目前的规划符合多项目标,但在服务可用性和公平性方面仍存在挑战。虽然 10 分钟等时线覆盖率较高,但 8 分钟覆盖率不足,尤其是在高峰时段。这凸显了服务可及性方面的差距,因此有必要在服务不足的地区增设紧急救援站。目前的规划方法导致行政区划严重重叠,造成服务供过于求,成本增加,因此需要从全市的角度进行规划,打破行政区划,优化资源配置。交通状况对服务覆盖范围有很大影响,交通拥堵会降低中心区域的覆盖范围,而交通枢纽附近的覆盖范围会更好。未来的规划应根据交通模式和人口分布战略性地设置站点,以提高城市地区紧急医疗服务的可及性和公平性。
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引用次数: 0
Grid Density Algorithm-Based Second-Hand Housing Transaction Activity and Spatio-Temporal Characterization: The Case of Shenyang City, China 基于网格密度算法的二手房交易活动及时空特征分析:以中国沈阳市为例
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080286
Jiaqiang Ren, Xiaomeng Gao
Second-hand housing transactions constitute a significant segment of the real estate market and are vital for its robust development. The dynamics of these transactions mirror the housing preferences of buyers, and their spatial and temporal analysis elucidates evolving market patterns and buyer behavior. This study introduces an innovative grid density clustering algorithm, dubbed the RScan algorithm, which integrates Bayesian optimization with grid density techniques. This composite methodology is employed to assess clustering outcomes, optimize hyperparameters, and facilitate detailed visualization and analysis of transaction activity across various regions. Focusing on Shenyang, a major urban center in Northeast China, the research spans from 2018 to 2023, exploring the second-hand housing transaction activity and its spatio-temporal attributes. The results reveal temporal fluctuations in transaction intensity across different Shenyang regions, although core areas of high activity remain constant. These regions display a heterogeneous pattern of irregularly stepped and clustered distributions, with a notable absence of uniformly high-activity zones. This study pioneers a novel methodological framework for investigating second-hand housing transactions, offering crucial insights for market development and policy formulation in Shenyang.
二手房交易是房地产市场的重要组成部分,对房地产市场的蓬勃发展至关重要。这些交易的动态反映了购房者的住房偏好,其空间和时间分析阐明了不断演变的市场模式和购房者行为。本研究引入了一种创新的网格密度聚类算法,称为 RScan 算法,它将贝叶斯优化与网格密度技术相结合。这种综合方法可用于评估聚类结果、优化超参数,以及促进各地区交易活动的详细可视化和分析。研究以中国东北地区的主要城市中心沈阳为重点,时间跨度从 2018 年到 2023 年,探讨了二手房交易活动及其时空属性。研究结果显示,沈阳不同区域的交易强度存在时空波动,但高活跃度的核心区域保持不变。这些区域呈现出不规则阶梯状和集群分布的异质性模式,明显缺乏均匀的高活跃度区域。本研究开创了一种新的二手房交易调查方法框架,为沈阳的市场发展和政策制定提供了重要的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Identifying the Nonlinear Impacts of Road Network Topology and Built Environment on the Potential Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction of Dockless Bike-Sharing Trips: A Case Study of Shenzhen, China 识别路网拓扑和建筑环境对无桩共享单车出行温室气体减排潜力的非线性影响:中国深圳案例研究
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080287
Jiannan Zhao, Changwei Yuan, Xinhua Mao, Ningyuan Ma, Yaxin Duan, Jinrui Zhu, Hujun Wang, Beisi Tian
Existing studies have limited evidence about the complex nonlinear impact mechanism of road network topology and built environment on bike-sharing systems’ greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction benefits. To fill this gap, we examine the nonlinear effects of road network topological attributes and built environment elements on the potential GHG emission reduction of dockless bike-sharing (DBS) trips in Shenzhen, China. Various methods are employed in the research framework of this study, including a GHG emission reduction estimation model, spatial design network analysis (sDNA), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), and partial dependence plots (PDPs). Results show that road network topological variables have the leading role in determining the potential GHG emission reduction of DBS trips, followed by land use variables and transit-related variables. Moreover, the nonlinear impacts of road network topological variables and built environment variables show certain threshold intervals for the potential GHG emission reduction of DBS trips. Furthermore, the impact of built environment on the potential GHG emission reduction of DBS trips is moderated by road network topological indicators (closeness and betweenness). Compared with betweenness, closeness has a greater moderating effect on built environment variables. These findings provide empirical evidence for guiding bike-sharing system planning, bike-sharing rebalancing strategy optimization, and low-carbon travel policy formulation.
关于路网拓扑和建筑环境对共享单车系统温室气体(GHG)减排效益的复杂非线性影响机制,现有研究证据有限。为了填补这一空白,我们研究了路网拓扑属性和建筑环境要素对中国深圳无桩共享单车(DBS)出行温室气体减排潜力的非线性影响。研究框架采用了多种方法,包括温室气体减排估算模型、空间设计网络分析(sDNA)、梯度提升决策树(GBDT)和偏倚图(PDPs)。结果表明,路网拓扑变量在决定 DBS 行程的潜在温室气体减排量方面起着主导作用,其次是土地利用变量和公交相关变量。此外,路网拓扑变量和建筑环境变量的非线性影响对直接配送系统出行的潜在温室气体减排量显示出一定的阈值区间。此外,建筑环境对直接配送系统出行潜在温室气体减排量的影响受到路网拓扑指标(紧密度和间距)的调节。与间距相比,接近度对建筑环境变量的调节作用更大。这些发现为指导共享单车系统规划、共享单车再平衡策略优化和低碳出行政策制定提供了经验证据。
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引用次数: 0
Automatic Functional Classification of Buildings Supported by a POI Semantic Characterization Knowledge Graph 由 POI 语义特征知识图谱支持的建筑物自动功能分类
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080285
Youneng Su, Qing Xu, Xinming Zhu, Fubing Zhang, Yi Liu
The division of urban functional zones is crucial for understanding urban characteristics and aiding in urban management and planning. Traditional methods, like dividing based on blocks and grids, are insufficient for modern demands. To address this, a knowledge-graph-supported method for building functional category division is proposed. Firstly, the associations between points of interest (POI) and buildings are established using triangulation and buffer zones. Then, a knowledge graph of buildings is constructed through entity and relationship extraction. A functional category classification model supported by the Z-score is designed using the semantic characterizations of surrounding POIs for inference rules. The results demonstrate high accuracy in building functional category division, supporting the refinement and intelligent expression of urban functional zones for urban construction, planning, and management.
城市功能区的划分对于了解城市特点、协助城市管理和规划至关重要。传统的划分方法,如基于街区和网格的划分,已不能满足现代需求。为此,我们提出了一种以知识图谱为支撑的功能类别划分方法。首先,利用三角测量和缓冲区建立兴趣点(POI)和建筑物之间的关联。然后,通过实体和关系提取构建建筑物知识图谱。利用周围 POI 的语义特征作为推理规则,设计了一个由 Z 分数支持的功能类别分类模型。结果表明,建筑物功能类别划分的准确性很高,支持了城市功能区的细化和智能表达,为城市建设、规划和管理提供了支持。
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引用次数: 0
Correction: Agriesti et al. Assignment of a Synthetic Population for Activity-Based Modeling Employing Publicly Available Data. ISPRS Int. J. Geo-Inf. 2022, 11, 148 更正:Agriesti et al.ISPRS Int.J. Geo-Inf.
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080284
Serio Agriesti, Claudio Roncoli, Bat-hen Nahmias-Biran
In the original publication [...]
在最初的出版物中 [...]
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引用次数: 0
City Transmission Networks: Unraveling Disease Spread Dynamics 城市传播网络:解读疾病传播动态
IF 3.4 3区 地球科学 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.3390/ijgi13080283
Hend Alrasheed, Norah Alballa, Isra Al-Turaiki, Fahad Almutlaq, Reham Alabduljabbar
In the midst of global efforts to curb the spread of infectious diseases, researchers worldwide are striving to unravel the intricate spatial and temporal patterns of disease transmission dynamics. Mathematical models are indispensable tools for understanding the dissemination of emerging pathogens and elucidating the evolution of epidemics. This paper introduces a novel approach by investigating city transmission networks as a framework for analyzing disease spread. In this network, major cities are depicted as nodes interconnected by edges representing disease transmission pathways. Subsequent network analysis employs various epidemiological and structural metrics to delineate the distinct roles played by cities in disease transmission. The primary objective is to identify superspreader cities. Illustratively, we apply this methodology to study COVID-19 transmission in Saudi Arabian cities, shedding light on the specific dynamics within this context. These insights offer valuable guidance for decision-making processes and the formulation of effective intervention strategies, carrying significant implications for managing public health crises.
在全球遏制传染病蔓延的努力中,全世界的研究人员都在努力揭示疾病传播动态错综复杂的时空模式。数学模型是了解新病原体传播和阐明流行病演变不可或缺的工具。本文通过研究城市传播网络作为分析疾病传播的框架,引入了一种新方法。在该网络中,主要城市被描绘成由代表疾病传播途径的边相互连接的节点。随后的网络分析采用了各种流行病学和结构指标,以划分城市在疾病传播中扮演的不同角色。主要目标是识别超级传播城市。我们应用这种方法研究了 COVID-19 在沙特阿拉伯城市的传播情况,揭示了这一背景下的特殊动态。这些见解为决策过程和制定有效的干预策略提供了宝贵的指导,对管理公共卫生危机具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
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ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
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