Advances in Production Engineering & Management最新文献_第6页

An integrated CNC system for chatter suppression in turning 车削颤振抑制的集成数控系统

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-09-27 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.3.368

M. Jasiewicz, K. Miądlicki

Self‐excited chatter vibrations are one of factors affecting the reduction of cutting efficiency, especially while machining highly compliant machine parts. Their occurrence can be limited by the proper technological parameters selec‐ tion. These parameters can be determined by analysing the cutting process stability, which requires knowledge of the machine‐tool‐workpiece system dynamic properties. Normally, these properties are determined experimental‐ ly, which is troublesome in industrial practice. This article presents a method in which dynamic properties are calculated by single‐board computer inte‐ grated with a Computer Numerical Control (CNC) system, with no need to carry out additional experimental tests. It is possible with the receptance coupling approach which allows for obtaining the workpiece geometry by analyzing the machining program and then determining the machine tool – workpiece system dynamic properties. These properties are the input to the presented algorithm that facilitates the selection of cutting parameters ena‐ bling stable turning of highly compliant machine parts. The presented system is dedicated to turning but can also be adapted to determine the stability of milling with flexible tools. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

自激颤振是影响切削效率降低的因素之一，特别是在加工高度柔顺的机械零件时。它们的发生可以通过适当的工艺参数选择来限制。这些参数可以通过分析切削过程的稳定性来确定，这需要了解机床工件系统的动态特性。通常，这些性质是通过实验来确定的，这在工业实践中是很麻烦的。本文介绍了一种由集成了数控系统的单板计算机计算动态特性的方法，而不需要进行额外的实验测试。采用接收耦合方法可以通过分析加工程序获得工件的几何形状，然后确定机床-工件系统的动态特性。这些特性是所提出的算法的输入，该算法有助于选择切削参数，从而实现高度顺应的机器零件的稳定车削。提出的系统是专用于车削，但也可以适应于确定铣削与柔性刀具的稳定性。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 5

Decentralized optimization of the flexible production lines 柔性生产线的分散优化

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-09-27 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.3.364

P. Malega, V. Rudy, R. Kanász, V. Gazda

The shortening of the production cycle and increasing impact of the techno‐ logical innovations evokes improvement of the methods used in the produc‐ tion line scheduling. The aim of the presented research is a proposal of the decision model that enables a flexible reaction to the changing production conditions. The central decisions are substituted by the decisions performed on the independent machines level. The machines utilize rather restricted information on the capacities utilization of their technological neighbours. The decisions follow the decision tables (decision chromosomes) re‐coded in the course of the evolution. The Genetic algorithms standing behind the mod‐ el, enable identification of the highly acceptable solutions that is proved by a set of the simulation experiments. The set of independent machines becomes self‐organized, having a significant positive effect on the production line ca‐ pacities utilization. The decentralization aspect makes our proposal some‐ what different from other research in the field. The philosophy is built on the fact that each machine makes its production decision based on the available information, which it has at its disposal in a given time. The machine flexible reacts to its neighbours' capacity utilization (machine before and after given production machine) in the production process flow. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

生产周期的缩短和技术创新的影响越来越大，促使生产线调度方法的改进。提出的研究目的是一个决策模型的建议，使灵活的反应不断变化的生产条件。中心决策被在独立机器级别上执行的决策所取代。这些机器利用的有关其技术邻居的能力利用情况的信息相当有限。决策遵循在进化过程中重新编码的决策表(决策染色体)。模型背后的遗传算法能够识别出高度可接受的解决方案，并通过一系列模拟实验证明了这一点。这组独立的机器成为自组织的，对生产线的产能利用率有显著的积极影响。去中心化方面使我们的建议与该领域的其他研究有所不同。这一理念建立在这样一个事实之上，即每台机器都是根据在给定时间内可用的信息做出生产决策的。在生产流程中，柔性机器对其相邻机器的产能利用率(给定生产机器之前和之后的机器)做出反应。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 6

Bottleneck identification and alleviation in a blocked serial production line with discrete event simulation: A case study 基于离散事件模拟的阻塞系列生产线瓶颈识别与缓解:一个案例研究

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.353

G. Z. Li, Z. G. Xu, S. Yang, H. Wang, X. Bai, Z. Ren

Aiming at the gap between theoretical research and practical application in the production bottleneck field, we apply five bottleneck identification meth‐ ods in a serial production line in aerospace industry based on discrete event simulation and Plant Simulation software, meanwhile discuss the influence of the bottleneck machine quantity on the system performance. This paper evaluated the practicability, accuracy and limitation of various bottleneck identification methods at the practical level. The results of the bottleneck alleviation manifest that increasing the number of bottleneck machines can effectively improve the system performance, but the more machine quantity, the smaller performance improvement. More importantly, the paper studies the influence mechanism and function relationship of the bottleneck machine quantity on the maximum completion time from an interesting actual phenom‐ enon for the first time. The function obtains the condition that the maximum completion time achieves the minimum. The research and conclusion of this paper have essential reference significance for production guidance and theo‐ retical research, and can also contribute to narrow the gap between theory and application of the production bottleneck field. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

针对生产瓶颈领域理论研究与实际应用之间的差距，基于离散事件仿真和Plant simulation软件，将5种瓶颈识别方法应用于某航空航天系列生产线，同时讨论了瓶颈机数量对系统性能的影响。本文从实践层面对各种瓶颈识别方法的实用性、准确性和局限性进行了评价。瓶颈缓解的结果表明，增加瓶颈机的数量可以有效地提高系统性能，但机器数量越多，性能提高越小。更重要的是，本文首次从一个有趣的实际现象出发，研究了瓶颈机数量对最大完成时间的影响机理和函数关系。该函数得到了最大完成时间达到最小的条件。本文的研究和结论对生产指导和理论研究具有重要的参考意义，也有助于缩小生产瓶颈领域理论与应用之间的差距。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 6

Multi-criteria decision making in supply chain management based on inventory levels, environmental impact and costs 基于库存水平、环境影响和成本的供应链管理多准则决策

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.355

J. Žic, S. Žic

Supply chains in a global business environment operate within conflicting aspects. This research analyses correlation and interdependencies between inventory levels, costs and greenhouse gas emissions from replenishments within supply chain echelon. A simulation-based inventory optimisation conducted on 4000 experiments assumes the conditions of stochastic market demand, (R, s, S) inventory policy, target fill rates, predefined lead times and closing days constraint. It verifies the influence of operational and logistic decisions such as frequency of inventory replenishments or vehicle size selection on management objectives. Besides determining the best individual results for the objectives of minimum inventory levels, total costs and emissions, the overall best solutions in terms of three decision models – uniformly valued, cost-oriented and environmentally responsible model, were determined using multi-criteria decision-making methodology. These models are relevant for both scientific and practical managerial settings due to the evident lack of research simultaneously analysing inventory, cost and environmental performances of (R, s, S) policy. This study confirms that it is crucial in practice to perform an extensive simulation experiment analysis for each product to be able to determine its optimal settings. Inventory management software should have a direct influence on operational decisions in order to reduce costs or emissions within the same fill rate. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

全球商业环境中的供应链在相互冲突的方面运作。本研究分析了供应链梯队中库存水平、成本和温室气体排放之间的相关性和相互依赖性。在4000个实验的基础上进行了基于模拟的库存优化，假设随机市场需求、(R, s, s)库存策略、目标填充率、预定交货期和关闭天数约束条件。它验证了诸如库存补充频率或车辆尺寸选择等业务和物流决策对管理目标的影响。除了确定最低库存水平、总成本和排放目标的最佳个别结果外，还使用多标准决策方法确定了统一价值、面向成本和环境负责的三种决策模型的总体最佳解决方案。由于明显缺乏同时分析(R, s, s)政策的库存、成本和环境绩效的研究，这些模型对科学和实际管理环境都是相关的。这项研究证实，在实践中，对每个产品进行广泛的模拟实验分析，以确定其最佳设置是至关重要的。库存管理软件应该对运营决策有直接影响，以便在相同的填充率下降低成本或排放。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 15

Coordination of dual-channel supply chain with perfect product considering sales effort 考虑到销售努力，产品完善的双渠道供应链协调

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.358

H. Hu, Q. Wu, S. Han, Z. Zhang

As more and more people use e-commerce for shopping, manufacturers are willing to open online sales channels in order to obtain more profits. This paper discusses a dual-channel supply chain (DCSC) composed of a retailer with a traditional channel and a manufacturer with a direct channel. In the external environment of uncertain market demand and defective products produced by manufacturers, manufacturers make efforts to promote online products, and consumers have free rider behaviour. Therefore, three game models under the leadership of manufacturers are established: (a) noncooperative game model; (b) coordination model under revenue-sharing contract; (c) coordination model under profit-sharing contract. The results indicate that the product defect rate has a certain influence on channel pricing and sale efforts. The competition between the actors of the dual-channel is beneficial to the consumers who pursue the price. Considering the overall profit of the DCSC, the cooperation between the manufacturer and retailer is more profitable than the channel competition, and they are more willing to make product sale efforts. The retailer's expected profit under revenuesharing contract is less than that under profit-sharing contract, but the total profit of coordination model is more than the latter. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

随着越来越多的人使用电子商务进行购物，为了获得更多的利润，制造商愿意开辟网上销售渠道。本文讨论了由具有传统渠道的零售商和具有直接渠道的制造商组成的双渠道供应链。在市场需求不确定、厂商生产的产品有缺陷等外部环境下，厂商努力在网上推广产品，消费者出现搭便车行为。为此，建立了厂商主导下的三种博弈模型:(a)非合作博弈模型;(b)收入分成合同下的协调模式;(c)利润分享合同下的协调模式。结果表明，产品不良率对渠道定价和销售效果有一定的影响。双渠道参与者之间的竞争有利于追求价格的消费者。考虑到DCSC的整体利润，制造商和零售商之间的合作比渠道竞争更有利可图，他们更愿意做出产品销售努力。收益共享契约下零售商的预期利润小于利润共享契约下零售商的预期利润，而协调模式下零售商的总利润大于利润共享契约下零售商的总利润。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 10

A closed loop Stackelberg game in multi-product supply chain considering information security: A case study 考虑信息安全的多产品供应链闭环Stackelberg博弈研究

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.361

A. Babaeinesami, H. Tohidi, S. Seyedaliakbar

Realization of information security among supply chain components has always been one of the concerns of supply chain players. This research is the development of a mixed integer mathematical model for solving the problem of designing a multi-product network chain and balancing the separation line of parts in a closed loop supply chain. This model is responsive to market demand for finished products and spare parts simultaneously, and minimizes the transportation costs in forward and backward chains, product purchase costs in assembly section, costs of renewing collected products, and fixed costs of workplaces for the dividing the parts. This game consists of two players: the first player includes: Suppliers, assembly centers, retailers and customers, and the second player includes collection centers, renovation centers, separation centers and disposal centers. The payoff of each actor is minimizing their own objectives, and the objective of the model is the unawareness of the members of the chain from the objectives of other members (information security). The proposed model was solved in GAMS 24 software. Due to the nested model, the first model is solved first and the results of the model are entered into the second model. The results of the model solution show the good performance of the proposed model after implementation for the case study. Among the innovations of this research is the consideration of the Stackelberg game in multi-product closed loop supply chain along with the balance of the separation line of parts with the objective of minimizing all the cost elements. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

供应链组件间信息安全的实现一直是供应链参与者关注的问题之一。本文研究的是一个用于解决闭环供应链中多产品网络链设计和零件分离线平衡问题的混合整数数学模型。该模型同时响应市场对成品和备件的需求，使前、后链运输成本、装配段产品采购成本、回收产品更新成本、零件分割车间固定成本最小化。这个博弈由两个参与者组成:第一个参与者包括:供应商、装配中心、零售商和客户，第二个参与者包括收集中心、翻新中心、分离中心和处置中心。每个参与者的收益是最小化他们自己的目标，模型的目标是链中的成员不知道其他成员的目标(信息安全)。在GAMS 24软件中对模型进行了求解。由于模型嵌套，首先求解第一个模型，然后将模型的结果输入到第二个模型中。模型解算结果表明，该模型在实际应用中具有良好的性能。本研究的创新之处在于考虑了多产品闭环供应链中的Stackelberg博弈，并以所有成本因素最小化为目标，平衡了零件分离线。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 9

Systematic mitigation of model sensitivity in the initiation phase of energy projects 能源项目启动阶段模型敏感性的系统缓解

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.360

M. Daković, B. Lalic, M. Delić, N. Tasić, D. Ciric

Early project risk identification and assessment is a complex issue based on decision-making methods that are methodically suitable for successful project delivery. Nevertheless, although there are several risk management assessment tools, in practice, this issue is still not taken seriously enough in the project initiation phase. Literature research reveals a need for an applicable systematic risk model approach, systematic sensitivity of mitigation action plans, considering the need for early systematic project risk awareness. This paper not only explains the evidence that a risk systematic model tool is essential in the project initiation phase but also narrows the gaps through the systematic sensitivity approach with the accent on the integrated risk systematic model. The sensitivity approach is taken in the project early preparation phase, where evaluation, the establishment of limits to which risks are controllable, is based on the stage-gate model. The stage-gate model evaluates which risks are specific to a certain analysis in the early project definition phase, leads to the conclusion that excluding any mitigation elements or probability of risk occurrence reflects on the outcomes, and presents an unrealistic picture of the given project targets. This research represents a reliable risk tool with improvements in resolving systematic risk system faults, 'stakeholders' subjective decision gaps, constricting project contingency, and shortening project schedule deviation. The research is based on two complex industry (case studies) projects within the energy industry. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

早期的项目风险识别和评估是一个复杂的问题，它基于系统地适合于成功项目交付的决策方法。然而，尽管有几种风险管理评估工具，但在实践中，这个问题在项目启动阶段仍然没有得到足够的重视。文献研究表明，需要一种适用的系统风险模型方法，缓解行动计划的系统敏感性，考虑到需要早期的系统项目风险意识。本文不仅解释了风险系统模型工具在项目启动阶段必不可少的证据，而且通过系统敏感性方法缩小了差距，重点介绍了综合风险系统模型。在项目前期准备阶段采用敏感性方法，基于阶段-门模型进行评估，确定风险可控范围。阶段-门模型在项目早期定义阶段评估哪些风险是特定于某个分析的，得出的结论是，排除任何缓解因素或风险发生的可能性会影响结果，并对给定的项目目标提出不切实际的看法。本研究是一种可靠的风险工具，在解决系统风险、系统故障、利益相关者主观决策差距、约束项目偶然性和缩短项目进度偏差等方面具有改进作用。该研究基于能源行业内的两个复杂的行业(案例研究)项目。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 0

Development of family of artificial neural networks for the prediction of cutting tool condition 用于刀具状态预测的人工神经网络族的发展

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.356

O. Spaić, Z. Krivokapic, D. Kramar

Recently, besides regression analysis, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are increasingly used to predict the state of tools. Nevertheless, simulations trained by cutting modes, material type and the method of sharpening twist drills (TD) and the drilling length from sharp to blunt as input parameters and axial drilling force and torque as output ANN parameters did not achieve the expected results. Therefore, in this paper a family of artificial neural networks (FANN) was developed to predict the axial force and drilling torque as a function of a number of influencing factors. The formation of the FANN took place in three phases, in each phase the neural networks formed were trained by drilling lengths until the drill bit was worn out and by a variable parameter, while the combinations of the other influencing parameters were taken as constant values. The results of the prediction obtained by applying the FANN were compared with the results obtained by regression analysis at the points of experimental results. The comparison confirmed that the FANN can be used as a very reliable method for predicting tool condition. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

近年来，除回归分析外，人工神经网络(ann)越来越多地用于预测工具的状态。然而，以麻花钻(TD)的切削方式、材料类型和锐化方法以及从锐到钝的钻削长度作为输入参数，轴向钻削力和扭矩作为输出人工神经网络参数训练的仿真并没有达到预期的结果。因此，本文开发了一组人工神经网络(FANN)来预测轴向力和钻井扭矩作为一系列影响因素的函数。FANN的形成分三个阶段进行，在每个阶段，形成的神经网络通过钻削长度直到钻头磨损和一个变量参数进行训练，而其他影响参数的组合取恒定值。并在实验结果点处与回归分析结果进行了比较。结果表明，该方法可以作为一种可靠的工具状态预测方法。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 9

Comparison of artificial neural network, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm for cutting temperature and surface roughness prediction during the face milling process 人工神经网络、模糊逻辑和遗传算法在端面铣削过程中切削温度和表面粗糙度预测中的比较

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.354

B. Savković, P. Kovac, D. Rodić, B. Strbac, S. Klančnik

This paper shows the possibility of applying artificial intelligence methods in milling, as one of the most common machining operations. The main goal of the research is to obtain reliable intelligent models for selected output characteristics of the milling process, depending on the input parameters of the process: depth of cut, cutting speed and feed to the tooth. One of the problems is certainly determining the value of input parameters of the processing process depending on the objective function, i.e. the output characteristics of the milling process. The selected objective functions in this paper are the temperature in the cutting zone and arithmetic mean roughness of the machined surface. The paper examines the accuracy of three models based on artificial intelligence, obtained through artificial neural networks, fuzzy logic, and genetic algorithms. Based on the mean percentage error of deviation, conclusions were drawn as to which of the three models is most adequately applied and implemented in appropriate process systems, which are based on artificial intelligence. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

作为最常见的加工操作之一，本文展示了将人工智能方法应用于铣削的可能性。研究的主要目标是根据铣削过程的输入参数:切削深度、切削速度和给齿量，获得铣削过程的选定输出特性的可靠智能模型。其中一个问题当然是确定加工过程的输入参数的值取决于目标函数，即铣削过程的输出特性。本文选取的目标函数是切削区的温度和加工表面的算术平均粗糙度。本文考察了通过人工神经网络、模糊逻辑和遗传算法获得的基于人工智能的三种模型的准确性。根据偏差的平均百分比误差，得出结论，三个模型中哪一个最充分地应用和实施在适当的过程系统中，这是基于人工智能的。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 27

Hybrid evolution strategy approach for robust permutation flowshop scheduling 鲁棒置换流水车间调度的混合进化策略

IF 3.6 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Advances in Production Engineering & Management

Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.14743/apem2020.2.359

B. Khurshid, S. Maqsood, M. Omair, Rashid Nawaz, R. Akhtar

In this paper, a robust schedule has been proposed to deal with uncertainities for m-machines permutation flow shop problems. A robust schedule ensures that the expected finish time is always less than the makespan. To use the global search ability of the evolution strategy (ES) and local search ability of Tabu Search (TS), a hybrid evolution strategy (HES) is proposed by combining Improved ES with TS to generate the robust schedules. The robust schedule is first generated using ES and then the solution is optimized using TS for maximum exploitation and exploration of the solution space. For maximum exploitation in ES, (1+9) reproduction operator and double swap mutation is used. Also variable mutation rate is used for fine tuning of the results. In TS, the length of Tabu list is fixed, also lower bound is used to save computational time. The hybrid algorithm is tested on Carlier and Reeves benchmark problems taken from the OR-library. Achieved results are compared with other famous techniques available in the literature, and the results show that HES performs better than other techniques and provides an affirmative percentage increase in the probability that the expected finish time is less than the makespan. © 2020 CPE, University of Maribor. All rights reserved.

本文提出了一种鲁棒调度方法来处理m-机器置换流水车间问题的不确定性。一个健全的计划确保预期的完成时间总是小于最大完工时间。为了利用进化策略的全局搜索能力和禁忌搜索的局部搜索能力，提出了一种将改进进化策略与禁忌搜索相结合的混合进化策略。首先使用ES生成鲁棒调度，然后使用TS优化解决方案，以最大限度地利用和探索解决方案空间。为了最大限度地利用ES，使用了(1+9)繁殖算子和双交换突变。此外，还使用可变突变率对结果进行微调。在TS中，禁忌列表的长度是固定的，并且为了节省计算时间，使用了下界。混合算法在or库中的Carlier和Reeves基准问题上进行了测试。将所获得的结果与文献中其他著名的技术进行了比较，结果表明HES比其他技术性能更好，并且在预期完成时间小于makespan的概率上提供了肯定百分比的增加。©2020 CPE，马里博尔大学。版权所有。

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引用次数: 5