Abstract Sodium silicate with the formula of Na2SiO3 was used for the four-component reaction of ketones, aldehydes and cyanoacetamide. The effect of SnFe2O4 nano-particles on the catalytic potential of Na2SiO3 was investigated. The desired products synthesized by this method are 5-amino-7-aryl-2,4-dioxo-2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,9,10,11-decahydro-1H-benzo[i]quinazoline-6-carbonitriles, 5-amino-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,10,11-decahydropyrano[3,4-i] quinazoline-6-carbonitrile, 5-amino-9-methyl-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,9,10,11-decahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-i] quinazoline-6-carbonitrile and 5-amino-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,10,11-decahydrothiopyrano[3,4-i]quinazo-line-6-carbonitrile derivatives. This method has advantages of high yields, simple procedure and easy work-up.
{"title":"Preparation of skeletally diverse quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-diones using Na2SiO3/SnFe2O4 catalytic system through a four-component reaction","authors":"Fazilat Ayambekam, M. Ghashang","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sodium silicate with the formula of Na2SiO3 was used for the four-component reaction of ketones, aldehydes and cyanoacetamide. The effect of SnFe2O4 nano-particles on the catalytic potential of Na2SiO3 was investigated. The desired products synthesized by this method are 5-amino-7-aryl-2,4-dioxo-2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,9,10,11-decahydro-1H-benzo[i]quinazoline-6-carbonitriles, 5-amino-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,10,11-decahydropyrano[3,4-i] quinazoline-6-carbonitrile, 5-amino-9-methyl-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,9,10,11-decahydro-1H-pyrido[3,4-i] quinazoline-6-carbonitrile and 5-amino-2,4-dioxo-7-aryl-1,2,3,4,4a,7,7a,8,10,11-decahydrothiopyrano[3,4-i]quinazo-line-6-carbonitrile derivatives. This method has advantages of high yields, simple procedure and easy work-up.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":"77 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2020-0008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43517779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials formed by strong bonds between metal ions and organic ligands to represent very high surface area, large pore volume, excellent chemical stability and unique morphology. Work on synthesis, structures and characteristics of many MOFs shows the importance of these frameworks with versatile applications, such as energy storage devices of excellent electrode materials, gas storage, heterogeneous catalysis, environmental hazard, assessment of chemicals and sensing of different gases. A topological property or index is a numerical invariant that predicts the physicochemical properties of the chemical compounds of the underlying molecular graph or framework. Wiener (1947) created the practice of the topological indices (TI’s) in organic molecules with the reference of boiling point of paraffin. In this paper, we study the two different metal-organic frameworks with respect to the number of increasing layers with metal and organic ligands as well. We also compute the generalized Zagreb index and generalized Zagreb connection index of these frameworks. Moreover, the various indices and connection indices are obtained by using the aforesaid generalized versions. At the end, a comparison is also included between the indices and connection indices with the help of numerical values and their 3D plots.
{"title":"Topological properties of metal-organic frameworks","authors":"H. Awais, Muhammad Jamal, M. Javaid","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials formed by strong bonds between metal ions and organic ligands to represent very high surface area, large pore volume, excellent chemical stability and unique morphology. Work on synthesis, structures and characteristics of many MOFs shows the importance of these frameworks with versatile applications, such as energy storage devices of excellent electrode materials, gas storage, heterogeneous catalysis, environmental hazard, assessment of chemicals and sensing of different gases. A topological property or index is a numerical invariant that predicts the physicochemical properties of the chemical compounds of the underlying molecular graph or framework. Wiener (1947) created the practice of the topological indices (TI’s) in organic molecules with the reference of boiling point of paraffin. In this paper, we study the two different metal-organic frameworks with respect to the number of increasing layers with metal and organic ligands as well. We also compute the generalized Zagreb index and generalized Zagreb connection index of these frameworks. Moreover, the various indices and connection indices are obtained by using the aforesaid generalized versions. At the end, a comparison is also included between the indices and connection indices with the help of numerical values and their 3D plots.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"43 1","pages":"67 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2020-0007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47717432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Farzin Mostaghimi, Jens Bolsinger, E. Lork, J. Beckmann
Abstract The oxidation of phenoxatellurine (PT) with conc. H2SO4 was reinvestigated. Two crystalline products, namely [PT2][H3O](SO4H)3 (1) and [PT](SO4) (2) were isolated and fully characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structure of 1 features [PT2]2+ dications giving rise to double-decker structures with two parallel PT layers that arise from dimerisation of two radical cations [PT]˙+. The [PT2]2+ dications and the hydrogensulfate ions are associated via secondary Te···O interations. The oxonium ion and the hydrogensulfate ions are involved in hydrogen bonding. The structure of 2 comprises ion pairs consisting of [PT]2+ dications and sulfate ions, which form a 2D coordination polymer. In addition, adjacent sulfate ions in the crystal lattice bind to tellurium atoms via secondary secondary Te···O interations.
{"title":"New insights into the oxidation of phenoxatellurine with sulfuric acid","authors":"Farzin Mostaghimi, Jens Bolsinger, E. Lork, J. Beckmann","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The oxidation of phenoxatellurine (PT) with conc. H2SO4 was reinvestigated. Two crystalline products, namely [PT2][H3O](SO4H)3 (1) and [PT](SO4) (2) were isolated and fully characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structure of 1 features [PT2]2+ dications giving rise to double-decker structures with two parallel PT layers that arise from dimerisation of two radical cations [PT]˙+. The [PT2]2+ dications and the hydrogensulfate ions are associated via secondary Te···O interations. The oxonium ion and the hydrogensulfate ions are involved in hydrogen bonding. The structure of 2 comprises ion pairs consisting of [PT]2+ dications and sulfate ions, which form a 2D coordination polymer. In addition, adjacent sulfate ions in the crystal lattice bind to tellurium atoms via secondary secondary Te···O interations.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"150 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45349801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Fullerenes have received attentions due to their versatile properties. Molecular structures and electronic properties namely binding energy, band gap, electrophilicity index and molecular topological analysis were studied for undoped and silicon doped C20 fullerenes and favipiravir in order to search for possible application of the systems as drug delivery vehicles. Density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) were used for the research. Molecular structures having the interaction edges of SiC19… OH in water and SiC19…C=O in gas phase were found as those most stable with binding energies of -57.28 kcal/mol and -43.46 kcal/mol correspondingly. The results and parameters found in this research may provide additional insights into drug delivery systems.
{"title":"DFT/QTAIM analysis of favipiravir adsorption on pristine and silicon doped C20 fullerenes","authors":"Ö. Alver, C. Parlak, Y. Umar, P. Ramasami","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fullerenes have received attentions due to their versatile properties. Molecular structures and electronic properties namely binding energy, band gap, electrophilicity index and molecular topological analysis were studied for undoped and silicon doped C20 fullerenes and favipiravir in order to search for possible application of the systems as drug delivery vehicles. Density functional theory (DFT) and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) were used for the research. Molecular structures having the interaction edges of SiC19… OH in water and SiC19…C=O in gas phase were found as those most stable with binding energies of -57.28 kcal/mol and -43.46 kcal/mol correspondingly. The results and parameters found in this research may provide additional insights into drug delivery systems.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"143 - 149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48897425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Fullerenes, with their extensive application potentials, have been receiving attention for their possible usage as drug delivery vehicles and devices for sensor technologies. In this work, the optimized molecular geometries, some diagnostic geometric parameters, electronic characteristics, natural bond orbital examinations and the interaction phenomena between C60, Si- or Al-doped C60 and phenylalanine amino acid molecule were investigated by the quantum mechanical calculations. It is observed that the impurity addition and using water as the solvent intensify the interaction between fullerene and amino acid system. These lead to various alterations in the electronic properties and NH stretching values of the clusters studied.
{"title":"Theoretical insight of alpha amino acid phenylalanine adsorption on pristine and decorated fullerenes","authors":"M. Kaya, Ö. Alver, C. Parlak, P. Ramasami","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fullerenes, with their extensive application potentials, have been receiving attention for their possible usage as drug delivery vehicles and devices for sensor technologies. In this work, the optimized molecular geometries, some diagnostic geometric parameters, electronic characteristics, natural bond orbital examinations and the interaction phenomena between C60, Si- or Al-doped C60 and phenylalanine amino acid molecule were investigated by the quantum mechanical calculations. It is observed that the impurity addition and using water as the solvent intensify the interaction between fullerene and amino acid system. These lead to various alterations in the electronic properties and NH stretching values of the clusters studied.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"135 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44160529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Arsenic (As) is a semi-metal which causes health problems in human, and immune system has been documented as one of the main target of arsenic toxicity. Apoptosis has a crucial role in regulation of immune system, but it can also have an important role in As immune suppression. So, we decided to assess the comprehensive mechanism of As cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes isolated from human blood. We determine the direct effect of arsenic on human lymphocytes which have a key role in immune system functionality. To evaluate the mechanism of arsenic toxicity on human lymphocytes, we use accelerated cytotoxicity mechanisms screening (ACMS) technique. Lymphocytes were isolated from blood of healthy persons using Ficoll-paque PLUS standard method. Following treatment of human lymphocytes with 0.05-50 μM of arsenic for 12 h, cell viability was measured. For determination of mechanistic parameters, isolated human lymphocytes incubated with 1/2IC5012h (7.5 μM), IC5012h (15 μM) and 2IC5012h (30 μM) for 2, 4 and 6 h. The results of this study demonstrate arsenic-associated apoptosis in human lymphocytes is mainly through enhancement of intracellular calcium which causes oxidative stress and following adverse effect on lymphocytes organelles (like mitochondria and lysosome). Involvement of cellular proteolysis, activation of caspase-3, lipid peroxidation and stimulation of cytokines (IL2, INF-gamma and TNF-alpha) production were also associated with arsenic induced lymphocyte toxicity.
{"title":"Toxicity of arsenic on isolated human lymphocytes: The key role of cytokines and intracellular calcium enhancement in arsenic-induced cell death","authors":"M. Zarei, J. Pourahmad, Ehsan Nassireslami","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Arsenic (As) is a semi-metal which causes health problems in human, and immune system has been documented as one of the main target of arsenic toxicity. Apoptosis has a crucial role in regulation of immune system, but it can also have an important role in As immune suppression. So, we decided to assess the comprehensive mechanism of As cytotoxic effect on lymphocytes isolated from human blood. We determine the direct effect of arsenic on human lymphocytes which have a key role in immune system functionality. To evaluate the mechanism of arsenic toxicity on human lymphocytes, we use accelerated cytotoxicity mechanisms screening (ACMS) technique. Lymphocytes were isolated from blood of healthy persons using Ficoll-paque PLUS standard method. Following treatment of human lymphocytes with 0.05-50 μM of arsenic for 12 h, cell viability was measured. For determination of mechanistic parameters, isolated human lymphocytes incubated with 1/2IC5012h (7.5 μM), IC5012h (15 μM) and 2IC5012h (30 μM) for 2, 4 and 6 h. The results of this study demonstrate arsenic-associated apoptosis in human lymphocytes is mainly through enhancement of intracellular calcium which causes oxidative stress and following adverse effect on lymphocytes organelles (like mitochondria and lysosome). Involvement of cellular proteolysis, activation of caspase-3, lipid peroxidation and stimulation of cytokines (IL2, INF-gamma and TNF-alpha) production were also associated with arsenic induced lymphocyte toxicity.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46300815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Density functional theory (DFT) studies at B3LYP/6-31G (d) (Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr) level were performed to evaluate adsorption interactions between ethylene oxide (EO) molecule, and pristine and transition metals (TM) (i.e., Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) doped ZnO nanocluster (TM-doped Zn12O12). The adsorption energy (Ead), band gap energy (Eg), Mulliken charge transfer (QT) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were calculated to examine the sensitivity of the Zn12O12 and its TM-doped forms toward EO detection. It was found that in contrast to the pristine Zn12O12, the electronic properties of TM-doped Zn12O12 were sharply sensitive to the presence of EO gas molecules. The results revealed that among the studied TM-doped Zn12O12, Cr- and V-doped Zn12O12 have great potential applicability as EO sensor, due to their highest Eg change (ΔEg) values, after the EO adsorption. Moreover, the density of state (DOS) calculations confirmed that strong electronic interaction between Cr- and V-doped Zn12O12 and EO molecules can makes them interesting empirical candidate for detection and adsorptive removal of EO gas molecules.
{"title":"Transition metals doped ZnO nanocluster for ethylene oxide detection: A DFT study","authors":"Tooba Afshari, M. Mohsennia","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Density functional theory (DFT) studies at B3LYP/6-31G (d) (Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr) level were performed to evaluate adsorption interactions between ethylene oxide (EO) molecule, and pristine and transition metals (TM) (i.e., Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) doped ZnO nanocluster (TM-doped Zn12O12). The adsorption energy (Ead), band gap energy (Eg), Mulliken charge transfer (QT) and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) were calculated to examine the sensitivity of the Zn12O12 and its TM-doped forms toward EO detection. It was found that in contrast to the pristine Zn12O12, the electronic properties of TM-doped Zn12O12 were sharply sensitive to the presence of EO gas molecules. The results revealed that among the studied TM-doped Zn12O12, Cr- and V-doped Zn12O12 have great potential applicability as EO sensor, due to their highest Eg change (ΔEg) values, after the EO adsorption. Moreover, the density of state (DOS) calculations confirmed that strong electronic interaction between Cr- and V-doped Zn12O12 and EO molecules can makes them interesting empirical candidate for detection and adsorptive removal of EO gas molecules.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"113 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48010624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Daraz, T. Ansari, Shafique Ahmad Arain, M. Mansoor, M. Mazhar
Abstract In the present work ternary composite InBiS3-In2S3-Bi2S3 (IBS) thin films are developed using a homogeneous mixture of precursors [Bi(S2CN(C2H5)2)3]2 (1) and [In(S2CNCy2)3]‧2py (2), separately in toluene and chloroform solutions at 500°C under an inert atmosphere of argon gas via aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) technique. The phase purity, chemical composition and morphological study of both the films deposited from toluene and chloroform solutions are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The surface morphology showed rod like structure of the films developed from toluene while the films grown from chloroform solution give flake like shapes. The UV-visible spectroscopy explicated that the thin films developed from toluene and chloroform solutions show wide range absorption in whole visible region. Linear Scan voltammetry results show that both the films give negligible dark current, however, the films fabricated from toluene solution give a sharp steep curve with maximum photocurrent density of 2.3 mA‧cm-2 at 0.75 V vs Ag/AgCl/3M KCl using 0.05 M sodium sulphide solution under AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW‧cm-2), while the film grown from chloroform generates a photocurrent density of 2.1 mA‧cm-2 under similar conditions. The LSV outcomes are further supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that gives charge transfer resistance (Rct) value of 8,571 Ω for the films developed from toluene as compared to films fabricated from chloroform with Rct value of 12,476 Ω. Graphical Abstract
摘要本文采用气溶胶辅助化学气相沉积(AACVD)技术，将前驱体[Bi(S2CN(C2H5)2)3]2(1)和[In(S2CNCy2)3] 2py(2)的均匀混合物分别置于500°C的甲苯和氯仿溶液中，在惰性氩气气氛下制备了三元复合材料InBiS3-In2S3-Bi2S3 (IBS)薄膜。采用x射线衍射(XRD)、x射线光电子能谱(XPS)、拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)和场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)对甲苯和氯仿溶液制备的膜的相纯度、化学成分和形貌进行了表征。在甲苯溶液中生长的膜表面形貌为棒状，而在氯仿溶液中生长的膜表面形貌为片状。紫外可见光谱分析表明，由甲苯和氯仿溶液制备的薄膜在整个可见光区都有较宽的吸收范围。线性扫描伏安法结果表明，两种薄膜的暗电流均可忽略，但在0.75 V vs Ag/AgCl/3M KCl下，在0.05 M硫化钠溶液下，在AM 1.5 G照明(100 mW·cm-2)下，甲苯溶液制备的薄膜曲线陡峭，最大光电流密度为2.3 mA·cm-2，而氯仿生长的薄膜在相同条件下产生的光电流密度为2.1 mA·cm-2。电化学阻抗谱(EIS)进一步支持了LSV结果，甲苯制备的膜的电荷转移电阻(Rct)值为8,571 Ω，而氯仿制备的膜的Rct值为12,476 Ω。图形抽象
{"title":"Study of solvent effect on structural and photoconductive behavior of ternary chalcogenides InBiS3-In2S3-Bi2S3 composite thin films deposited via AACVD","authors":"U. Daraz, T. Ansari, Shafique Ahmad Arain, M. Mansoor, M. Mazhar","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the present work ternary composite InBiS3-In2S3-Bi2S3 (IBS) thin films are developed using a homogeneous mixture of precursors [Bi(S2CN(C2H5)2)3]2 (1) and [In(S2CNCy2)3]‧2py (2), separately in toluene and chloroform solutions at 500°C under an inert atmosphere of argon gas via aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AACVD) technique. The phase purity, chemical composition and morphological study of both the films deposited from toluene and chloroform solutions are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy and Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The surface morphology showed rod like structure of the films developed from toluene while the films grown from chloroform solution give flake like shapes. The UV-visible spectroscopy explicated that the thin films developed from toluene and chloroform solutions show wide range absorption in whole visible region. Linear Scan voltammetry results show that both the films give negligible dark current, however, the films fabricated from toluene solution give a sharp steep curve with maximum photocurrent density of 2.3 mA‧cm-2 at 0.75 V vs Ag/AgCl/3M KCl using 0.05 M sodium sulphide solution under AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW‧cm-2), while the film grown from chloroform generates a photocurrent density of 2.1 mA‧cm-2 under similar conditions. The LSV outcomes are further supported by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that gives charge transfer resistance (Rct) value of 8,571 Ω for the films developed from toluene as compared to films fabricated from chloroform with Rct value of 12,476 Ω. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"102 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44814292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N.A.A. Mohd Amin, Rusnah Syahila Duali Hussen, See Mun Lee, K. Sim, S. Navanesan
Abstract Two new diorganotin(IV) complexes with the general formula (RC7H6)2Sn(L) (where RC7H6 = p-ClBn, C1; and p-FBn, C2) were prepared based on the reaction of 2,3-bis(4-hydroxysalicylidene-amino)-maleic nitrile (L) with substituted dibenzyltin(IV) dichloride. The structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR). They were tested against several cancer cell lines by using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. C1, which was most effective against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, was further investigated in formulation and encapsulation studies, including drug encapsulation efficiency, particle size, morphology and in vitro drug release. An encapsulation of about 90% was achieved with particles of 128 nm average diameter. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed a spherical shape for the encapsulated C1. The cumulative drug release over a period of 60 days in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 was 75%. Based on these results, the formulated drug has the potential of a slow release drug for cancer chemotherapy.
{"title":"Synthesis, structural characterization, cytotoxicity and encapsulation studies of N,Nʹ-(1, 2-dicyano-1,2-vinylene)-bis(4-hydroxysalicylideneaminato) di(p-chlorobenzyl)tin as potential anticancer drug","authors":"N.A.A. Mohd Amin, Rusnah Syahila Duali Hussen, See Mun Lee, K. Sim, S. Navanesan","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Two new diorganotin(IV) complexes with the general formula (RC7H6)2Sn(L) (where RC7H6 = p-ClBn, C1; and p-FBn, C2) were prepared based on the reaction of 2,3-bis(4-hydroxysalicylidene-amino)-maleic nitrile (L) with substituted dibenzyltin(IV) dichloride. The structures were confirmed by elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR). They were tested against several cancer cell lines by using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. C1, which was most effective against MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, was further investigated in formulation and encapsulation studies, including drug encapsulation efficiency, particle size, morphology and in vitro drug release. An encapsulation of about 90% was achieved with particles of 128 nm average diameter. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirmed a spherical shape for the encapsulated C1. The cumulative drug release over a period of 60 days in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4 was 75%. Based on these results, the formulated drug has the potential of a slow release drug for cancer chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"101 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43284993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Thermal rearrangement of the 1,2-bis(silylene), [{(4-ButPh)C(NDip)2}Si−]2 (Dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, leads to the silyl-silylene, {(4-ButPh)C(NDip)2}Si−Si(H) {N(Dip)C(=NDip)(4-ButPh-H)}, via an intramolecular C−H activation reaction. The X-ray crystal structure, and limited spectroscopic data, for the compound are reported. The structure of the silyl-silylene incorporates an exocyclic imine fragment, which is unprecedented for this compound class.
{"title":"Thermal rearrangement of a 1,2-bis(silylene): Synthesis and crystal structure of a silyl-silylene","authors":"Anastas Sidiropoulos, A. Stasch, Cameron Jones","doi":"10.1515/mgmc-2019-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Thermal rearrangement of the 1,2-bis(silylene), [{(4-ButPh)C(NDip)2}Si−]2 (Dip = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl, leads to the silyl-silylene, {(4-ButPh)C(NDip)2}Si−Si(H) {N(Dip)C(=NDip)(4-ButPh-H)}, via an intramolecular C−H activation reaction. The X-ray crystal structure, and limited spectroscopic data, for the compound are reported. The structure of the silyl-silylene incorporates an exocyclic imine fragment, which is unprecedented for this compound class.","PeriodicalId":48891,"journal":{"name":"Main Group Metal Chemistry","volume":"42 1","pages":"121 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2019-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/mgmc-2019-0013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44487725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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