Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders最新文献

Psychometric properties of the postpartum thoughts and behaviors checklist

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100939

Catherine E. Rast , Tracey Dibbs , Caitlin M. Pinciotti , Nisha Jagannathan , Jonathan S. Abramowitz , Mary C. Kimmel , Rashelle Musci , Gerald Nestadt , Paul Nestadt , Lauren M. Osborne , Jack Samuels , Eric A. Storch

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has an increased prevalence throughout pregnancy and in the postpartum period relative to non-peripartum periods. While some obsessive-compulsive symptoms in this period present in the same manner to those in non-postpartum OCD, others are more specific to the postpartum period (e.g., obsessions related to sudden infant death syndrome [SIDS]). However, there are few validated scales assessing obsessive-compulsive symptoms during the postpartum period. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Postpartum Thoughts and Behaviors Checklist (PTBC), a semi-structured interview of intrusive thoughts and repetitive, neutralizing behaviors developed to address this gap. In a sample of 257 women at 6 weeks postpartum, the PTBC demonstrated good internal consistency, criterion validity between individuals with a diagnosis of OCD and those without, and convergent validity with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. Additionally, using a LCA approach, the PTBC demonstrated a 3-class structure of the thoughts and the behaviors subscales. Overall, these results provide psychometric evidence that the PTBC is reliable and valid and can be used to assess the prevalence and severity of postpartum obsessions and compulsions.

相对于非产褥期，强迫症（OCD）在整个孕期和产褥期的发病率都有所上升。这一时期的某些强迫症状与非产后强迫症的症状表现方式相同，而另一些强迫症状则更具有产后特异性（例如，与婴儿猝死综合症（SIDS）相关的强迫症状）。然而，很少有经过验证的量表可以评估产后期间的强迫症状。本研究考察了产后想法和行为核对表（PTBC）的心理测量特性，该核对表是针对侵入性想法和重复性中和行为而开发的半结构化访谈。在 257 名产后 6 周的妇女样本中，PTBC 显示出良好的内部一致性，在诊断为强迫症和未诊断为强迫症的个体之间具有标准效度，并且与耶鲁-布朗强迫症量表和强迫症清单-修订版具有趋同效度。此外，利用 LCA 方法，PTBC 显示了思想和行为子量表的三类结构。总之，这些结果提供了心理测量学证据，证明 PTBC 是可靠有效的，可用于评估产后强迫症的患病率和严重程度。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship among indecisiveness, perfectionism, and hoarding symptoms in individuals with and without hoarding disorder

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100929

Hanna McCabe-Bennett , Bethany A. Roorda , Todd A. Girard , Richard Lachman , Martin M. Antony

Cognitive-behavioral approaches to understanding hoarding disorder propose that indecisiveness driven by a fear of making mistakes about discarding may contribute to hoarding psychopathology. The current study examined the relationship between indecisiveness, hoarding, and related constructs in a sample of individuals with hoarding disorder. Forty individuals with hoarding disorder and 36 individuals without hoarding disorder completed questionnaires measuring hoarding symptoms, depression symptoms, indecisiveness, and perfectionism. Results indicated that individuals with versus without hoarding disorder demonstrated significant differences in indecisiveness and some types of perfectionism. This group difference in indecisiveness disappeared when controlling for perfectionism, but not vice versa. Follow-up analyses controlling for OCD symptoms suggest that these main findings may be true only for those with both OCD and hoarding symptomatology. These results suggest that perfectionism may play an important role in the relationship between indecisiveness and hoarding disorder, shedding light on possible mechanisms behind hoarding symptoms, and offering possible treatment targets.

{"title":"Relationship among indecisiveness, perfectionism, and hoarding symptoms in individuals with and without hoarding disorder","authors":"Hanna McCabe-Bennett , Bethany A. Roorda , Todd A. Girard , Richard Lachman , Martin M. Antony","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive-behavioral approaches to understanding hoarding disorder propose that indecisiveness driven by a fear of making mistakes about discarding may contribute to hoarding psychopathology. The current study examined the relationship between indecisiveness, hoarding, and related constructs in a sample of individuals with hoarding disorder. Forty individuals with hoarding disorder and 36 individuals without hoarding disorder completed questionnaires measuring hoarding symptoms, depression symptoms, indecisiveness, and perfectionism. Results indicated that individuals with versus without hoarding disorder demonstrated significant differences in indecisiveness and some types of perfectionism. This group difference in indecisiveness disappeared when controlling for perfectionism, but not vice versa. Follow-up analyses controlling for OCD symptoms suggest that these main findings may be true only for those with both OCD and hoarding symptomatology. These results suggest that perfectionism may play an important role in the relationship between indecisiveness and hoarding disorder, shedding light on possible mechanisms behind hoarding symptoms, and offering possible treatment targets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Treatment outcomes across OCD symptom dimensions in internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy: A routine care evaluation

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100937

Alison Mahoney , Aaron Chu , Christine Shiner , Michael Millard , Vlasios Brakoulias

Clinical presentations of obsessive-compulsive disorder are heterogeneous. While Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy (iCBT) is an efficacious treatment for OCD symptoms as a whole, it is unclear if iCBT is effective across different OCD symptom profiles. This study evaluated iCBT outcomes across four common OCD symptom dimensions in 2136 adults undertaking treatment in routine care. At pre-, mid- and post-treatment, participants completed a measure of OCD symptom dimensions, as well as measures of depression, psychological distress, and disability. The most common primary OCD symptom dimensions were unacceptable thoughts (reported by 660 participants, 30.9% of the sample) and responsibility for harm (n = 461, 21.6%). Primary contamination (n = 388, 18.2%) and symmetry symptoms (n = 270, 12.6%) were less common, as were multiple primary OCD dimensions (n = 357, 16.7%). iCBT was consistently associated with large effect size reductions in individuals’ most severe presenting OCD symptoms regardless of the type of symptom dimension (gs = 1.45–1.62). iCBT was also associated with significant reductions in overall OCD symptoms (g = .99), depression (g = .70), distress (g = .90) and disability (g = .44). Findings suggest that common OCD symptom dimensions are responsive to standard iCBT and that iCBT should continue to be recommended and prescribed in routine clinical care settings.

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引用次数: 0

Inference-based CBT versus CBT with exposure and response prevention for obsessive-compulsive disorder: The role of pre-treatment anxiety and feared consequences on treatment outcome

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100936

Imke J. Sonneveldt , Nadja Wolf , Anton J.L.M. van Balkom , Louis van Enckevort , Claire R. van Genugten , Mirjam Kampman , Patricia van Oppen , Annemieke van Straten , Marieke B.J. Toffolo , Henny A.D. Visser

Objective

Traditional cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and inference-based CBT (I-CBT) are both effective interventions for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, only about half of the patients seem to benefit sufficiently from these treatments. This study investigated whether pre-treatment anxiety and feared consequences (of not performing compulsions) predict OCD treatment outcome and whether these potential predictors have differential effects between CBT and I-CBT.

Method

Data from a previously completed randomized controlled trial were analyzed. A total of 197 patients were randomly assigned to CBT or I-CBT. The primary outcome was OCD symptom severity, assessed with the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) at posttreatment, 6-month and 12-month follow-up. Predictors included pre-treatment anxiety, using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and feared consequences, using the Fixity of Belief Questionnaire (FBQ), both assessed at baseline. Linear mixed models analyses were performed while controlling for Y-BOCS baseline scores.

Results

Higher BAI scores and having no feared consequences did not significantly predict higher Y-BOCS scores, nor were the effects moderated by treatment condition. A substantial 40% of participants reported having no feared consequences.

Discussion

Pre-treatment anxiety severity and feared consequences did not predict worse treatment outcomes. These findings suggest that highly anxious patients and those without feared consequences of not performing their compulsions could benefit equally from both CBT and I-CBT.

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引用次数: 0

Executive functioning in trichotillomania and skin picking disorder: A review of neurocognitive findings

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100919

Kathryn E. Barber , Han-Joo Lee

Trichotillomania (TTM; hair pulling disorder) and excoriation disorder (skin picking disorder [SPD]) are obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders with potential neurobiological underpinnings. Neuroimaging studies implicate frontal-striatal circuitry, suggesting executive functioning deficits. This brief review summarizes existing neuropsychological research on TTM and SPD within three domains of executive functioning: inhibition, shifting, and updating. Current evidence consistently indicates that both TTM and SPD are characterized by impaired response inhibition. Some studies in TTM show deficits in mental shifting abilities, while findings in SPD are mixed. Updating is inconsistently impacted in TTM and remains largely unstudied in SPD. Limitations of existing literature include small sample sizes, methodological variations, and few studies in SPD. Future research should examine executive functioning in TTM and SPD across different contexts and repeated measures to improve reliability and generalizability of findings. Overall, executive functioning in TTM and SPD warrants continued investigation, as it may assist in enhancing our understanding of the cognitive mechanisms underlying these disorders.

{"title":"Executive functioning in trichotillomania and skin picking disorder: A review of neurocognitive findings","authors":"Kathryn E. Barber , Han-Joo Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trichotillomania (TTM; hair pulling disorder) and excoriation disorder (skin picking disorder [SPD]) are obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders with potential neurobiological underpinnings. Neuroimaging studies implicate frontal-striatal circuitry, suggesting executive functioning deficits. This brief review summarizes existing neuropsychological research on TTM and SPD within three domains of executive functioning: inhibition, shifting, and updating. Current evidence consistently indicates that both TTM and SPD are characterized by impaired response inhibition. Some studies in TTM show deficits in mental shifting abilities, while findings in SPD are mixed. Updating is inconsistently impacted in TTM and remains largely unstudied in SPD. Limitations of existing literature include small sample sizes, methodological variations, and few studies in SPD. Future research should examine executive functioning in TTM and SPD across different contexts and repeated measures to improve reliability and generalizability of findings. Overall, executive functioning in TTM and SPD warrants continued investigation, as it may assist in enhancing our understanding of the cognitive mechanisms underlying these disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between emotion regulation, symptom severity, and affect in obsessive-compulsive disorder

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100934

Nicola Hohensee , Claudia Bischof , Fanny Alexandra Dietel , Nadja Klein , Philipp Doebler , Ulrike Buhlmann

Previous cross-sectional, retrospective studies have shown associations between dysfunctional emotion regulation (ER) and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. No studies to date have, however, used intensive longitudinal designs to assess the theoretically proposed, yet empirically understudied dynamic relations between momentary OC symptoms, affect, and ER. Up to six times a day across six days, n = 68 individuals with OCD and n = 43 mentally healthy controls reported engagement-oriented and avoidance-oriented ER strategies, self-perceived ER effectiveness, negative and positive affect, and OC symptoms. We investigated associations between ER behavior and current outcomes (i.e., affect or symptoms in the moment) as well as subsequent outcomes (i.e., 1–2 h later). Results showed that higher-than-usual self-perceived ER effectiveness was associated with higher current positive affect and lower current negative affect and OC symptoms. Use of avoidance-oriented ER strategies was also partly associated with less beneficial outcomes. Effects for engagement-oriented ER strategies were mostly non-significant, except from a negative association with subsequent OC symptoms. All other associations with subsequent outcomes did not reach statistical significance. One possible explanation may be the overall low endorsement of ER strategies across groups. Future studies with varying study designs are needed. Constraints on generality and possible clinical implications are also discussed.

{"title":"Associations between emotion regulation, symptom severity, and affect in obsessive-compulsive disorder","authors":"Nicola Hohensee , Claudia Bischof , Fanny Alexandra Dietel , Nadja Klein , Philipp Doebler , Ulrike Buhlmann","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous cross-sectional, retrospective studies have shown associations between dysfunctional emotion regulation (ER) and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. No studies to date have, however, used intensive longitudinal designs to assess the theoretically proposed, yet empirically understudied dynamic relations between momentary OC symptoms, affect, and ER. Up to six times a day across six days, <em>n</em> = 68 individuals with OCD and <em>n</em> = 43 mentally healthy controls reported engagement-oriented and avoidance-oriented ER strategies, self-perceived ER effectiveness, negative and positive affect, and OC symptoms. We investigated associations between ER behavior and current outcomes (i.e., affect or symptoms in the moment) as well as subsequent outcomes (i.e., 1–2 h later). Results showed that higher-than-usual self-perceived ER effectiveness was associated with higher current positive affect and lower current negative affect and OC symptoms. Use of avoidance-oriented ER strategies was also partly associated with less beneficial outcomes. Effects for engagement-oriented ER strategies were mostly non-significant, except from a negative association with subsequent OC symptoms. All other associations with subsequent outcomes did not reach statistical significance. One possible explanation may be the overall low endorsement of ER strategies across groups. Future studies with varying study designs are needed. Constraints on generality and possible clinical implications are also discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The significance of growing up in a hoarded home: Using natural language processing to examine the experiences of adult children of hoarding parents on Reddit

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100938

Oskar Kocol , Isaac Sabel , Kiara R. Timpano , Jessica R. Grisham

Emerging research suggests individuals who grew up in a hoarded home may face ongoing challenges in life. Yet little is known about the unique struggles and support needs of this vulnerable group. This study aimed to address this gap by analyzing content from a large international community of adult children of hoarding parents (COHP) on Reddit using a two-pronged natural language processing approach. Findings from an open-coding thematic analysis revealed a high prevalence of “vent” and “question” post types on the COHP forums, and a comparison with another subforum indicated that COHP may face some challenges that exceed the normative difficulties that come with caring for elderly parents. Topic modeling suggested that the experiences of COHP could be summarized into eleven main themes, which we labeled 1) unresolved past, 2) present ramifications, 3) hygiene and hazards, 4) own hoarding tendencies, 5) relationship conflict, 6) small victories, 7) crisis-related support, 8) emotional triggers, 9) psychoeducation about hoarding, 10) young adults escaping the cycle, and 11) managing gifts and belongings. Overall, our findings confirm the significant psychological and practical challenges faced by COHP, and lay the groundwork for future research, interventions, and advocacy efforts tailored to this overlooked population.

{"title":"The significance of growing up in a hoarded home: Using natural language processing to examine the experiences of adult children of hoarding parents on Reddit","authors":"Oskar Kocol , Isaac Sabel , Kiara R. Timpano , Jessica R. Grisham","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100938","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100938","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging research suggests individuals who grew up in a hoarded home may face ongoing challenges in life. Yet little is known about the unique struggles and support needs of this vulnerable group. This study aimed to address this gap by analyzing content from a large international community of adult children of hoarding parents (COHP) on Reddit using a two-pronged natural language processing approach. Findings from an open-coding thematic analysis revealed a high prevalence of “vent” and “question” post types on the COHP forums, and a comparison with another subforum indicated that COHP may face some challenges that exceed the normative difficulties that come with caring for elderly parents. Topic modeling suggested that the experiences of COHP could be summarized into eleven main themes, which we labeled 1) unresolved past, 2) present ramifications, 3) hygiene and hazards, 4) own hoarding tendencies, 5) relationship conflict, 6) small victories, 7) crisis-related support, 8) emotional triggers, 9) psychoeducation about hoarding, 10) young adults escaping the cycle, and 11) managing gifts and belongings. Overall, our findings confirm the significant psychological and practical challenges faced by COHP, and lay the groundwork for future research, interventions, and advocacy efforts tailored to this overlooked population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143395530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stigmatizing attitudes and endorsement of coercive interventions for hoarding

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100933

Persephone Larkin , Simon B. Sheppard , Christiana Bratiotis , Sheila R. Woody

Hoarding disorder is a stigmatized condition, but little research has examined the attitudes of professional service providers who encounter hoarding in homes they enter as part of their work. These providers have essential roles in identifying and intervening with hoarding, but the degree to which they hold stigmatizing attitudes has not been studied. Using an online questionnaire, the present study sought to compare hoarding service providers with non-professionals along several dimensions of hoarding stigma: blame, desire for social distance, stereotypes about incompetence, and the endorsement of coercive treatment methods were examined. Overall, members of the professional sample endorsed less blame and desire for social distance from hoarding clients. However, the samples did not differ in beliefs about the incompetence of hoarding clients or endorsement of coercive methods in hoarding interventions. Stigmatizing attitudes about mental illness in general consistently predicted hoarding stigma in both samples. Providers who expressed more professional confidence in working with hoarding endorsed less blaming attitudes and less desire for social distance, but providers who work in more enforcement-oriented roles endorsed desire for more social distance from hoarding clients. This study provides a first glimpse at hoarding-related stigma among professional service providers, and further insight into the general public's perception of hoarding relative to other mental illnesses. Findings about the predictors of hoarding stigma provide potential directions for anti-stigma interventions.

{"title":"Stigmatizing attitudes and endorsement of coercive interventions for hoarding","authors":"Persephone Larkin , Simon B. Sheppard , Christiana Bratiotis , Sheila R. Woody","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hoarding disorder is a stigmatized condition, but little research has examined the attitudes of professional service providers who encounter hoarding in homes they enter as part of their work. These providers have essential roles in identifying and intervening with hoarding, but the degree to which they hold stigmatizing attitudes has not been studied. Using an online questionnaire, the present study sought to compare hoarding service providers with non-professionals along several dimensions of hoarding stigma: blame, desire for social distance, stereotypes about incompetence, and the endorsement of coercive treatment methods were examined. Overall, members of the professional sample endorsed less blame and desire for social distance from hoarding clients. However, the samples did not differ in beliefs about the incompetence of hoarding clients or endorsement of coercive methods in hoarding interventions. Stigmatizing attitudes about mental illness in general consistently predicted hoarding stigma in both samples. Providers who expressed more professional confidence in working with hoarding endorsed less blaming attitudes and less desire for social distance, but providers who work in more enforcement-oriented roles endorsed desire for more social distance from hoarding clients. This study provides a first glimpse at hoarding-related stigma among professional service providers, and further insight into the general public's perception of hoarding relative to other mental illnesses. Findings about the predictors of hoarding stigma provide potential directions for anti-stigma interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An effectiveness study of intensive outpatient treatment for OCD

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100931

Emily K. Juel , Kate Rogers , Sandra Hadlock , Nicholas S. Myers , Joseph B. Friedman , Maya E. Tadross , Jonathan S. Abramowitz

While obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is often responsive to treatments like serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP), many patients remain unresponsive or relapse after discontinuation. Intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) offer a solution for those needing more support than standard outpatient care, but not requiring the extensive supervision of residential treatment. The present effectiveness study evaluated the outcome of an IOP delivered to a large sample of adults and children with OCD in-person and via telehealth. Results indicated substantial symptom reduction (over 50%) in both formats. Greater baseline severity predicted greater improvement, but no other variables moderated the effects of treatment. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of IOPs in providing substantial symptom relief for individuals with OCD in both in-person and telehealth formats. Implications for bridging the science-practice gap are discussed.

{"title":"An effectiveness study of intensive outpatient treatment for OCD","authors":"Emily K. Juel , Kate Rogers , Sandra Hadlock , Nicholas S. Myers , Joseph B. Friedman , Maya E. Tadross , Jonathan S. Abramowitz","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is often responsive to treatments like serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention (ERP), many patients remain unresponsive or relapse after discontinuation. Intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) offer a solution for those needing more support than standard outpatient care, but not requiring the extensive supervision of residential treatment. The present effectiveness study evaluated the outcome of an IOP delivered to a large sample of adults and children with OCD in-person and via telehealth. Results indicated substantial symptom reduction (over 50%) in both formats. Greater baseline severity predicted greater improvement, but no other variables moderated the effects of treatment. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of IOPs in providing substantial symptom relief for individuals with OCD in both in-person and telehealth formats. Implications for bridging the science-practice gap are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phenomenology of incompleteness and harm avoidance in obsessive-compulsive disorder: An experience sampling study

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100935

Christina Puccinelli , Karen Rowa , Andrew M. Scott , Laura J. Summerfeldt , Randi E. McCabe

This study used experience sampling methodology to explore the phenomenology of the core motivations in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), harm avoidance (HA) and incompleteness (INC), and their influence on the experience of OCD. Fifty participants with a primary OCD diagnosis completed four questionnaires daily for five days about a recent obsessive-compulsive experience and its underlying motivations. A cluster analysis revealed four motivation profiles: high HA/INC, moderate HA/INC, high HA/low INC, and high INC/low HA, with most individuals endorsing a blend of both motivations. On average participants’, HA and INC were stable across the study period. However, participants varied in how their scores changed over time, suggesting potential state-level fluctuations. Both motivations were associated with the interpretation of long-lasting distress related to a particular obsessive-compulsive experience, HA predicted increased beliefs of future harm, and INC was associated with reduced beliefs that the experience meant something negative about themselves. Behaviourally, HA was associated with avoidance, reassurance seeking, and thought suppression, whereas INC was associated with compulsions and reduced likelihood of doing nothing. HA and INC both contribute to how OCD is experienced, although they appear to do so through distinct cognitive and behavioural pathways, offering potential targets for tailored interventions.

{"title":"Phenomenology of incompleteness and harm avoidance in obsessive-compulsive disorder: An experience sampling study","authors":"Christina Puccinelli , Karen Rowa , Andrew M. Scott , Laura J. Summerfeldt , Randi E. McCabe","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study used experience sampling methodology to explore the phenomenology of the core motivations in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), harm avoidance (HA) and incompleteness (INC), and their influence on the experience of OCD. Fifty participants with a primary OCD diagnosis completed four questionnaires daily for five days about a recent obsessive-compulsive experience and its underlying motivations. A cluster analysis revealed four motivation profiles: high HA/INC, moderate HA/INC, high HA/low INC, and high INC/low HA, with most individuals endorsing a blend of both motivations. On average participants’, HA and INC were stable across the study period. However, participants varied in how their scores changed over time, suggesting potential state-level fluctuations. Both motivations were associated with the interpretation of long-lasting distress related to a particular obsessive-compulsive experience, HA predicted increased beliefs of future harm, and INC was associated with reduced beliefs that the experience meant something negative about themselves. Behaviourally, HA was associated with avoidance, reassurance seeking, and thought suppression, whereas INC was associated with compulsions and reduced likelihood of doing nothing. HA and INC both contribute to how OCD is experienced, although they appear to do so through distinct cognitive and behavioural pathways, offering potential targets for tailored interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100935"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0