Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders最新文献_第3页

Risk-aversion with both high and low ambiguity: Elevated OCD symptom severity and intolerance of uncertainty are associated with less risk-taking in an OCD patient sub-sample 具有高度和低模糊性的风险厌恶：在强迫症患者亚样本中，升高的强迫症症状严重程度和对不确定性的不耐受与更少的风险承担相关

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100955

Ryan J. Jacoby , Dalton L. Klare , Caroline H. Armstrong , Susanne S. Hoeppner , Jennifer Lerner , Sabine Wilhelm

In clinical settings, patients with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are generally risk-averse, especially in the context of uncertainty. However, the literature examining risk-taking in OCD is conflicting, and studies directly comparing risk-taking under conditions of high versus low ambiguity are scant. In the current study, 60 participants (30 OCD, 30 non-psychiatric controls) completed a modified version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) in which they “pumped” a virtual balloon and earned five cents for each pump; however, if the balloon popped, they lost the money accumulated in that round. The task had two levels of ambiguity: the risk level of each balloon (i.e., likelihood of it exploding) was either visually displayed (low ambiguity) or unknown (high ambiguity). The outcome was the average number of pumps for balloons that did not explode, with higher scores indicating more risk-taking. There was a main effect of ambiguity, such that participants took more risks on the low ambiguity BART compared to the high ambiguity version. Contrary to hypotheses, there was no ambiguity level x diagnostic group interaction. Within the OCD group, however, intolerance of uncertainty, OCD symptom severity, trait anxiety, and depression severity were negatively associated with risk-taking. Without a clinical control group, we're unable to determine specificity of these effects to OCD. The within-subjects design may have contributed to carryover effects. Findings underscore the importance of symptom dimensional measurement beyond mere presence or absence of diagnosis when predicting risk-aversion in OCD.

在临床环境中，强迫症（OCD）患者通常厌恶风险，特别是在不确定的环境中。然而，关于强迫症中冒险行为的文献是相互矛盾的，直接比较高模糊度和低模糊度条件下的冒险行为的研究很少。在目前的研究中，60名参与者（30名强迫症患者，30名非精神病对照组）完成了一个修改版本的气球模拟风险任务（BART），在这个任务中，他们“抽”一个虚拟气球，每抽一次就能赚5美分；然而，如果气球爆了，他们就会失去在那一轮中积累的钱。这个任务有两个级别的模糊性：每个气球的风险级别（即它爆炸的可能性）要么是直观显示的（低模糊性），要么是未知的（高模糊性）。结果是没有爆炸的气球的平均泵数，分数越高表明风险越大。歧义的主要影响是，与高歧义版本相比，参与者在低歧义BART上承担了更多的风险。与假设相反，不存在歧义水平x诊断组相互作用。然而，在OCD组中，对不确定性的不耐受、OCD症状严重程度、特质焦虑和抑郁严重程度与冒险行为呈负相关。没有临床对照组，我们无法确定这些影响对强迫症的特异性。研究对象内部的设计可能导致了结转效应。研究结果强调了症状维度测量在预测强迫症风险厌恶时的重要性，而不仅仅是诊断的存在或不存在。

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引用次数: 0

The use of ecological momentary assessment methods and designs in the context of obsessive-compulsive disorder: A systematic review 在强迫症背景下使用生态瞬时评估方法和设计：系统回顾

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100952

Rui Braga , Divo Faustino , Maria João Faria , Miguel M. Gonçalves , Julian Rubel , João Tiago Oliveira

Background

Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is becoming an increasingly prevalent methodology in the field of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) research, offering a means of capturing symptom fluctuations in real-time. Although its flexibility allows it to be adapted to a wide range of study objectives, there is currently no comprehensive study of EMA designs in OCD research.

Methods

A systematic search identified 34 studies that employed EMA with patients diagnosed with OCD. Data were extracted on the study objectives, sampling schedules, data collection platforms, response scales, and variables assessed. Items content was subjected to qualitative analysis to categorize the theme assessed.

Results

There was considerable variation in the studies’ designs. The mean duration of data collection varied from one to seven days, with an average of four daily assessments. A total of 374 items were extracted, and 12 themes were identified. The most frequent item themes were related to OCD symptoms (49.7 %) and mood/emotions (27 %). The platforms used included digital devices (35.3 %) and traditional pen-and-paper methods (58.8 %). Response rates, reported in only 32.4 % of studies, averaged 74.2 %, while dropout rates averaged 24.8 %. The variability of the methods underlined the adaptability of EMA, but also highlighted standardization challenges.

Conclusions

Item themes related to OCD symptoms and mood were dominant, reflecting the focus of EMA on capturing dynamic processes. Summarising the methodological trends identified in this review provides a foundation for improving design and standardization in future EMA-based OCD research.

Systematic review registration

[CRD42023406887].

背景：在强迫症（OCD）研究领域，即时评估（EMA）是一种越来越流行的方法，它提供了一种实时捕捉症状波动的方法。尽管其灵活性使其能够适应广泛的研究目标，但目前还没有对强迫症研究中的EMA设计进行全面的研究。方法系统检索了34项使用EMA治疗强迫症患者的研究。提取有关研究目标、抽样计划、数据收集平台、反应量表和评估变量的数据。项目内容进行定性分析，对主题进行分类评估。结果研究设计有相当大的差异。数据收集的平均持续时间从1天到7天不等，平均每天进行4次评估。共抽取了374项，确定了12个主题。最常见的项目主题与强迫症症状（49.7%）和情绪/情绪（27%）有关。使用的平台包括数字设备（35.3%）和传统的纸笔方法（58.8%）。只有32.4%的研究报告的应答率平均为74.2%，而辍学率平均为24.8%。方法的可变性强调了EMA的适应性，但也强调了标准化的挑战。结论与强迫症症状和情绪相关的主题占主导地位，反映了EMA对捕捉动态过程的关注。总结本综述中确定的方法趋势，为未来基于ema的强迫症研究改进设计和标准化提供了基础。系统评价注册[CRD42023406887]。

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引用次数: 0

Four questions for clarity: A first investigation of the German version of the OCI-4 as an ultra-brief screening tool for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 澄清四个问题：对德语版OCI-4作为强迫症超简短筛查工具的首次调查

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100953

Celina L. Müller , Lena Jelinek , Jakob Fink-Lamotte , Jakob Scheunemann , Dean McKay , Jonathan S. Abramowitz , Amitai Abramovitch , Barbara Cludius

Background

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition that is frequently under- or misdiagnosed in clinical practice, leading to significant delays between symptom onset and accurate diagnosis. To improve the diagnostic process for individuals with OCD, there is an urgent need for screening instruments that are both syndromally valid and reliable. Accordingly, the current study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the German version of the ultra-brief, four-item Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI-4).

Methods

The psychometric properties of the OCI-4 were investigated in a German-speaking sample composed of 102 participants with OCD, 69 participants with an anxiety-related disorder, and 248 non-clinical individuals.

Results

The OCI-4 showed good test-retest reliability, moderate-to-good construct validity, and good-to-excellent screening accuracy.

Conclusions

The results support that the German version of the OCI-4 is a valid and reliable screening tool for OCD symptoms with good-to-excellent psychometric properties. The OCI-4 could be established as a screening tool in various settings to identify those with likely OCD.

背景：强迫症（OCD）是一种普遍存在的使人衰弱的疾病，在临床实践中经常被低估或误诊，导致症状发作和准确诊断之间的显著延迟。为了改善对强迫症患者的诊断过程，迫切需要一种既能在症状上有效又可靠的筛查工具。因此，目前的研究旨在评估德国版超简短的四项强迫症量表（OCI-4）的心理测量特性。方法对102名德语强迫症患者、69名焦虑相关障碍患者和248名非临床个体进行OCI-4的心理测量。结果OCI-4具有良好的重测信度、中等至良好的构念效度和良好至优异的筛选准确性。结论德文OCI-4量表是一种有效、可靠的强迫症症状筛查工具，具有较好的心理测量特性。OCI-4可以作为一种筛选工具，在各种情况下识别可能患有强迫症的人。

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引用次数: 0

Validation of the Family Accommodation Scale – Anxiety (parent- and child-report) and Coercive Disruptive Behavior Scale for Pediatric OCD in Dutch pediatric OCD patients 荷兰儿童强迫症患者的家庭适应量表-焦虑（父母和孩子报告）和强迫破坏行为量表的验证

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100954

Olav van Groot Battavé , Julia D.K. Veeger , Kees J. Kan , Elisabeth M.W.J. Utens , Chaim Huijser , Luuk Stapersma

Introduction

Family accommodation (FA) and coercive-disruptive behaviors are critical factors in the development, severity and treatment outcome of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Validated questionnaires assessing the degree of FA and coercive-disruptive behaviors are urgently needed to improve treatment outcomes for pediatric OCD.

Aims

To validate the Family Accommodation Scale – Anxiety (FASA parent-report), FASA child-report (FASA-CR) and Coercive Disruptive Behavior Scale for Pediatric OCD (CD-POC, parent-report) in a Dutch pediatric OCD population.

Methods

A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on the first 9 items of the FASA and FASA-CR on both the clinical group and combined sample of clinical (N = 90) and control participants (N = 90), aged 8 to 18. Internal consistency, convergent validity and criterion validity of the FASA, FASA-CR and CD-POC were investigated.

Results

CFA supported the two-factor structure of the original FASA(-CR), indicating good fit. FASA(-CR)'s internal consistency ranged from .88 to .95. Positive correlations were found between parent-reported FA, child-reported FA and coercive-disruptive behaviors. Both parent- and child-report FA were positively correlated with OCD-symptom screening, OCD-severity and parenting stress. CD-POC's internal consistency ranged from .91 to .94. The FASA and CD-POC showed excellent- and the FASA-CR considerable criterion validity in distinguishing children with OCD from those without.

Conclusion

Findings support the reliability and validity of the Dutch FASA, FASA-CR and CD-POC. These findings and instruments of FA and coercive-disruptive behavior enhance the current assessment of pediatric OCD. Targeting these common underlying factors can improve understanding, treatment planning, treatment monitoring and treatment efficacy of pediatric OCD in clinical practice.

家庭适应（FA）和强迫破坏行为是影响儿童强迫症（OCD）发展、严重程度和治疗结果的关键因素。迫切需要评估FA和强迫破坏行为程度的有效问卷，以改善儿童强迫症的治疗效果。目的验证家庭适应焦虑量表（FASA家长报告）、FASA儿童报告（FASA- cr）和儿童强迫症强迫破坏行为量表（CD-POC，家长报告）在荷兰儿童强迫症人群中的应用。方法对8 ~ 18岁的临床组及临床组（90例）与对照组（90例）的联合样本FASA和FASA- cr前9项进行验证性因子分析（CFA）。考察了FASA、FASA- cr和CD-POC的内部一致性、收敛效度和标准效度。结果scfa支持原FASA（-CR）的双因子结构，拟合良好。FASA（-CR）的内部一致性范围为0.88 ~ 0.95。家长报告的FA与儿童报告的FA与强迫破坏行为呈正相关。父母和儿童报告FA均与强迫症症状筛查、强迫症严重程度和育儿压力呈正相关。CD-POC的内部一致性范围为0.91 ~ 0.94。FASA和CD-POC在区分强迫症儿童和非强迫症儿童方面表现出优异的效度，而FASA- cr则表现出可观的效度。结论荷兰FASA量表、FASA- cr量表和CD-POC量表的信效度较高。这些发现和FA和强迫破坏行为的工具增强了目前儿科强迫症的评估。针对这些共同的潜在因素，可以在临床实践中提高对儿童强迫症的认识、治疗计划、治疗监测和治疗效果。

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引用次数: 0

Psychedelics, OCD and Related Disorders: Setting methodological strategies for future studies 致幻剂、强迫症及相关疾病：为未来研究制定方法学策略

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100951

Rodolfo Leuzzi , Giovanni Tardivo , Luca Pellegrini , Umberto Albert , Naomi A. Fineberg

Background

There is interest in the potential of psychedelics as treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders (OCRDs), though research in this field is still at an early stage. In this review, we examine the methodological issues present in existing research investigating the use of psychedelics in OCRDs, as a basis for improved trial design.

Methods

We searched PubMed and PsycInfo for published studies and Clinicaltrial.gov for unpublished studies investigating the use of psychedelic in individuals with OCRDs. We reviewed the identified studies and described the main methodological issues undermining study outcomes. We analyzed the published selected papers using standard tools (Cochrane Risk of Bias for Non-Randomized Studies, ROBINS-I).

Results

We found just two published and seven unpublished studies. Risk of bias analysis revealed a critical risk of bias, primarily related to experimental design (e.g., absence of adequate control condition), expectation bias among study participants and problems ensuring adequate blinding. The analysis of unpublished studies, although limited, identified parallel concerns, while also highlighting the implementation of promising strategies for advancing the field.

Discussion

There is a shortage of unbiased evidence. Although the shortcomings in the design of the few existing studies raise important concerns, early potential efficacy justify further, well-designed research. Potential strategies, some of which already implemented in ongoing studies, to address current issues and improve the validity of future studies include the use of blinded raters and of a credible control (such as virtual reality), the choice of a lower drug dose and the inclusion of only drug-naive subjects.

背景虽然该领域的研究仍处于早期阶段，但人们对迷幻药治疗强迫症及相关疾病（ocds）的潜力很感兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们研究了现有研究中存在的方法问题，作为改进试验设计的基础。方法我们在PubMed和PsycInfo网站上检索已发表的研究，在Clinicaltrial.gov网站上检索未发表的研究，调查迷幻药在ocrd患者中的使用。我们回顾了已确定的研究，并描述了影响研究结果的主要方法学问题。我们使用标准工具（Cochrane Risk of Bias for non - random Studies, ROBINS-I）分析已发表的精选论文。结果：我们只发现了两项已发表的研究和七项未发表的研究。偏倚风险分析揭示了一个关键的偏倚风险，主要与实验设计（如缺乏适当的控制条件）、研究参与者的期望偏倚以及确保适当的盲法的问题有关。对未发表的研究的分析虽然有限，但确定了类似的问题，同时也强调了执行有希望的战略以推进该领域。缺乏公正的证据。尽管少数现有研究的设计缺陷引起了人们的关注，但早期的潜在疗效证明了进一步设计良好的研究是合理的。解决当前问题和提高未来研究有效性的潜在策略，其中一些已经在正在进行的研究中实施，包括使用盲法评分和可信对照（如虚拟现实），选择较低的药物剂量和只纳入未接触药物的受试者。

{"title":"Psychedelics, OCD and Related Disorders: Setting methodological strategies for future studies","authors":"Rodolfo Leuzzi , Giovanni Tardivo , Luca Pellegrini , Umberto Albert , Naomi A. Fineberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>There is interest in the potential of psychedelics as treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders (OCRDs), though research in this field is still at an early stage. In this review, we examine the methodological issues present in existing research investigating the use of psychedelics in OCRDs, as a basis for improved trial design.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched PubMed and PsycInfo for published studies and Clinicaltrial.gov for unpublished studies investigating the use of psychedelic in individuals with OCRDs. We reviewed the identified studies and described the main methodological issues undermining study outcomes. We analyzed the published selected papers using standard tools (Cochrane Risk of Bias for Non-Randomized Studies, ROBINS-I).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found just two published and seven unpublished studies. Risk of bias analysis revealed a critical risk of bias, primarily related to experimental design (e.g., absence of adequate control condition), expectation bias among study participants and problems ensuring adequate blinding. The analysis of unpublished studies, although limited, identified parallel concerns, while also highlighting the implementation of promising strategies for advancing the field.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>There is a shortage of unbiased evidence. Although the shortcomings in the design of the few existing studies raise important concerns, early potential efficacy justify further, well-designed research. Potential strategies, some of which already implemented in ongoing studies, to address current issues and improve the validity of future studies include the use of blinded raters and of a credible control (such as virtual reality), the choice of a lower drug dose and the inclusion of only drug-naive subjects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48902,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Symptom accommodation in obsessive-compulsive and major depression disorder: Effects on relationship quality 强迫症和重度抑郁症的症状适应：对关系质量的影响

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100950

Jakob Fink-Lamotte , Emilie Nolte , Leander Huhn , Nele Dippel , Maike Salazar Kämpf , Henning Daus , Ina Jahn , Katarina Stengler , Cornelia Exner , Margund K. Rohr

Accommodation processes often sustain the disorder and affect the relationship between patients and their close others. However, the current evidence on the interplay between accommodation behaviour (AB) and relationships is contradictory, partly because studies usually consider either the patient or the relative. The present study addresses this gap by examining the association between AB and various relationship aspects in 50 dyads, consisting of 25 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or 25 patients with major depression (MDD) and their respective close others. After the dyads recalled a shared disorder-specific emotional experience, they responded to various questionnaires assessing family accommodation, OCD symptoms, depression, relationship satisfaction, subjective closeness, and conflict frequency based on an individually described relationship context. The results of the actor-partner interdependence models point to similarities and disorder-specific differences. For both groups, AB represents a challenge in the relationship. Although AB is associated with more frequent conflict, lower subjective closeness, and lower relationship satisfaction in dyads with OCD and close others of MDD, patients with MDD are more likely to experience AB as supportive. This suggests differences in the functionality of AB across various disorders, with potential disorder-maintaining effects in both OCD and MDD. Clinically, the results highlight the importance of interventions targeting interpersonal dynamics, such as family therapy and psychoeducation, to balance support while reducing symptom-maintaining behaviours. Future research should explore tailored interventions to optimize relationship functioning while minimizing the negative effects of AB.

适应过程往往会使这种障碍持续下去，并影响患者与其亲近的人之间的关系。然而，目前关于适应行为（AB）和人际关系之间相互作用的证据是矛盾的，部分原因是研究通常只考虑患者或亲属。本研究通过对50对（包括25名强迫症（OCD）患者或25名重度抑郁症（MDD）患者及其近亲）的AB与各种关系方面的关联进行研究，解决了这一差距。在二人回忆起共同的障碍特定情感经历后，他们回答了各种问卷，评估家庭适应、强迫症症状、抑郁、关系满意度、主观亲密度和基于个人描述的关系背景的冲突频率。行为者-伙伴相互依赖模型的结果指出了相似性和特定障碍的差异。对于两组人来说，AB代表着关系中的一个挑战。虽然AB与更频繁的冲突、较低的主观亲密度和较低的关系满意度有关，但患有重度抑郁症的患者更有可能将AB视为支持性的。这表明AB在各种疾病中的功能存在差异，在强迫症和重度抑郁症中都具有潜在的疾病维持作用。在临床上，研究结果强调了针对人际动态的干预措施的重要性，如家庭治疗和心理教育，以平衡支持，同时减少维持症状的行为。未来的研究应该探索量身定制的干预措施，以优化关系功能，同时最大限度地减少AB的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Social networks in the context of hoarding disorder: A cross-sectional study 囤积障碍背景下的社会网络：一项横断面研究

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100949

Sanjana Bedi, Sheila R. Woody

Hoarding disorder is characterised by distress and difficulty in discarding items, leading to excessive accumulation. People with hoarding disorder experience difficulties in social relationships, including familial conflict and frustration, and less adaptive interpersonal styles. Analysing their social networks can help develop interventions for improved interpersonal functioning. This research investigated social network structure (size and frequency of contact), social isolation and loneliness in relation to hoarding disorder, accounting for depression. Participants (N = 158) completed online questionnaires including measures of hoarding severity, social network structure, loneliness, conditions and functioning in the home, and depression. Hoarding symptom severity was negatively correlated with social network size and strength of relationship with neighbours while controlling for depression. Loneliness, however, was better predicted by depression rather than hoarding. We also compared participants who met criteria for a diagnosis of hoarding disorder (n = 57) and 60 healthy controls, controlling for both age and depression. People with hoarding disorder had significantly weaker family networks and stronger feelings of loneliness. Depression, but not hoarding symptoms, correlated with risk of social isolation. Among participants with hoarding, social network size was negatively correlated with functional interference (activities of daily living) and conditions in the home. Our findings stress the need for addressing social functioning when treating hoarding. Depression, integrally related to hoarding and social functioning, also needs to be considered.

囤积症的特征是痛苦和难以丢弃物品，导致过度堆积。囤积症患者在社会关系方面存在困难，包括家庭冲突和挫折，以及适应性较差的人际关系方式。分析他们的社会网络可以帮助制定改善人际关系功能的干预措施。这项研究调查了社会网络结构（规模和接触频率）、社会隔离和孤独与囤积症的关系，这是抑郁症的原因。参与者（N = 158）完成了包括囤积严重程度、社会网络结构、孤独感、家庭状况和功能以及抑郁程度的在线问卷调查。囤积症状严重程度与社会网络规模和邻居关系强度呈负相关，并控制抑郁。然而，抑郁比囤积更能预测孤独。我们还比较了符合囤积障碍诊断标准的参与者（n = 57）和60名健康对照者，控制年龄和抑郁。囤积症患者的家庭网络明显较弱，孤独感更强。抑郁，而不是囤积症状，与社会孤立的风险相关。在囤积者中，社交网络的大小与功能干扰（日常生活活动）和家庭条件呈负相关。我们的研究结果强调了在治疗囤积症时解决社会功能问题的必要性。与囤积和社会功能紧密相关的抑郁症也需要考虑。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of sense of agency in obsessive-compulsive disorder using a virtual reality stove-checking paradigm 使用虚拟现实炉膛检查范式评估强迫症的代理感

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100940

Anna Großmann, Annika Wiebe, Nina Edlinger, Alexandra Philipsen, Niclas Braun , Katharina Bey

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has previously been linked to a lower sense of agency (SoA), i.e. the sense of being the initiator and executor of one's own actions. Beyond that, not just right experiences and feelings of incompleteness have been discussed as relevant aspects in the perpetuation of compulsions. In the present study, we examined SoA in OCD using a symptom-provoking virtual reality (VR) task. Twenty individuals with OCD and 23 healthy controls had to turn off a virtual stove using an embodiable virtual hand under four experimental conditions. These conditions differed with respect to whether the virtual hand accurately reflected the participant's real hand movements or was visually manipulated, and whether the stove actually turned off or remained on. Subjective ratings of SoA, certainty and anxiety were recorded. Furthermore, repeated checking was assessed in a second block. Across conditions, individuals with OCD exhibited a significantly lower SoA, which was also more sensitive to experimental manipulation. Moreover, a lower SoA was significantly associated with increased levels of incompleteness and inflated responsibility attitudes. Our findings suggest that incompleteness, inflated responsibility and a lower SoA may mutually reinforce each other in a vicious cycle, contributing to the maintenance and exacerbation of OCD symptoms.

强迫症（OCD）以前被认为与较低的能动性（SoA）有关，即作为自己行为的发起者和执行者的感觉。除此之外，不只是正确的经历和不完整的感觉被作为强迫延续的相关方面进行了讨论。在本研究中，我们使用一个引发症状的虚拟现实（VR）任务来检查强迫症中的SoA。在四种实验条件下，20名强迫症患者和23名健康对照者必须使用可模拟的虚拟手关闭虚拟炉子。这些条件的不同之处在于虚拟手是否准确地反映了参与者的真实手的运动，或者是视觉上的操纵，以及炉子是否真的关闭或保持打开。记录SoA、确定性和焦虑的主观评分。此外，在第二个块中进行了重复检查。在不同的条件下，强迫症患者表现出明显较低的SoA，并且对实验操作更敏感。此外，较低的SoA与不完整程度的增加和膨胀的责任态度显著相关。我们的研究结果表明，不完整、夸大的责任和较低的SoA可能在一个恶性循环中相互加强，导致强迫症症状的维持和恶化。

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引用次数: 0

Psychometric properties of the postpartum thoughts and behaviors checklist 产后思想与行为量表的心理测量特性

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2025.100939

Catherine E. Rast , Tracey Dibbs , Caitlin M. Pinciotti , Nisha Jagannathan , Jonathan S. Abramowitz , Mary C. Kimmel , Rashelle Musci , Gerald Nestadt , Paul Nestadt , Lauren M. Osborne , Jack Samuels , Eric A. Storch

Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has an increased prevalence throughout pregnancy and in the postpartum period relative to non-peripartum periods. While some obsessive-compulsive symptoms in this period present in the same manner to those in non-postpartum OCD, others are more specific to the postpartum period (e.g., obsessions related to sudden infant death syndrome [SIDS]). However, there are few validated scales assessing obsessive-compulsive symptoms during the postpartum period. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Postpartum Thoughts and Behaviors Checklist (PTBC), a semi-structured interview of intrusive thoughts and repetitive, neutralizing behaviors developed to address this gap. In a sample of 257 women at 6 weeks postpartum, the PTBC demonstrated good internal consistency, criterion validity between individuals with a diagnosis of OCD and those without, and convergent validity with the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, and Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised. Additionally, using a LCA approach, the PTBC demonstrated a 3-class structure of the thoughts and the behaviors subscales. Overall, these results provide psychometric evidence that the PTBC is reliable and valid and can be used to assess the prevalence and severity of postpartum obsessions and compulsions.

相对于非产褥期，强迫症（OCD）在整个孕期和产褥期的发病率都有所上升。这一时期的某些强迫症状与非产后强迫症的症状表现方式相同，而另一些强迫症状则更具有产后特异性（例如，与婴儿猝死综合症（SIDS）相关的强迫症状）。然而，很少有经过验证的量表可以评估产后期间的强迫症状。本研究考察了产后想法和行为核对表（PTBC）的心理测量特性，该核对表是针对侵入性想法和重复性中和行为而开发的半结构化访谈。在 257 名产后 6 周的妇女样本中，PTBC 显示出良好的内部一致性，在诊断为强迫症和未诊断为强迫症的个体之间具有标准效度，并且与耶鲁-布朗强迫症量表和强迫症清单-修订版具有趋同效度。此外，利用 LCA 方法，PTBC 显示了思想和行为子量表的三类结构。总之，这些结果提供了心理测量学证据，证明 PTBC 是可靠有效的，可用于评估产后强迫症的患病率和严重程度。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship among indecisiveness, perfectionism, and hoarding symptoms in individuals with and without hoarding disorder 优柔寡断、完美主义与囤积症患者和非囤积症患者囤积症状的关系

IF 1.9 4区医学 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2024.100929

Hanna McCabe-Bennett , Bethany A. Roorda , Todd A. Girard , Richard Lachman , Martin M. Antony

Cognitive-behavioral approaches to understanding hoarding disorder propose that indecisiveness driven by a fear of making mistakes about discarding may contribute to hoarding psychopathology. The current study examined the relationship between indecisiveness, hoarding, and related constructs in a sample of individuals with hoarding disorder. Forty individuals with hoarding disorder and 36 individuals without hoarding disorder completed questionnaires measuring hoarding symptoms, depression symptoms, indecisiveness, and perfectionism. Results indicated that individuals with versus without hoarding disorder demonstrated significant differences in indecisiveness and some types of perfectionism. This group difference in indecisiveness disappeared when controlling for perfectionism, but not vice versa. Follow-up analyses controlling for OCD symptoms suggest that these main findings may be true only for those with both OCD and hoarding symptomatology. These results suggest that perfectionism may play an important role in the relationship between indecisiveness and hoarding disorder, shedding light on possible mechanisms behind hoarding symptoms, and offering possible treatment targets.

用认知行为的方法来理解囤积障碍，认为由于害怕在丢弃物品时犯错误而导致的优柔寡断可能导致囤积精神病理。目前的研究考察了优柔寡断、囤积和囤积症患者的相关构念之间的关系。40名囤积症患者和36名非囤积症患者完成了调查问卷，测量囤积症状、抑郁症状、优柔寡断和完美主义。结果表明，囤积症患者与非囤积症患者在优柔寡断和某些类型的完美主义方面表现出显著差异。当控制完美主义时，优柔寡断的群体差异消失了，反之亦然。控制强迫症症状的后续分析表明，这些主要发现可能只适用于那些同时患有强迫症和囤积症状的人。这些结果表明，完美主义可能在优柔寡断和囤积障碍之间的关系中发挥重要作用，揭示了囤积症状背后的可能机制，并提供了可能的治疗目标。

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