Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2398
Background: Post-treatment nursing care is essential for patients with venous malformations (VMs) after they have undergone treatment. Effective post-treatment nursing care requires adequate resources, effective communication, patient compliance, and addressing psychological distress. However, the clinical care plan for VMs in the pharyngeal isthmus is not clear. Objectives: The present study aims to explore the clinical nursing strategy after the treatment of VMs in the pharynx area. Methods: In this study, the patients with VM in the pharynx region who received anhydrous ethanol sclerosis injection and/or surgical treatment in our Hospital from January 2013 to November 2018 were recruited. A total of 143 patients who had completed medical records were included in this prospective cohort study. The patients' post-operative vital signs were closely observed, the respiratory tract was maintained, the oral cavity was cleaned, and the nursing care of indwelling endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy was performed. After the clinical follow-ups of one to five years, long-term efficacy was also observed. We summarized their nursing care treatments. Results: The results showed that there were 0 patients rated as grade I, 3 patients rated as grade II, 17 patients rated as grade III, and 123 patients rated as grade IV after long-term efficacy. Conclusion: Appropriate anhydrous ethanol sclerotherapy can be selected for patients with pharyngeal venous malformation, and this method combined with the clinical nursing strategy after treatment concluded in this study can effectively reduce the volume of VM, with fewer side effects, and can effectively improve breathing, swallowing, and vocal function.
{"title":"Overexpression of Argonaute HIWI Gene in Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells and Colorectal Cancerous Tissue","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2398","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-treatment nursing care is essential for patients with venous malformations (VMs) after they have undergone treatment. Effective post-treatment nursing care requires adequate resources, effective communication, patient compliance, and addressing psychological distress. However, the clinical care plan for VMs in the pharyngeal isthmus is not clear. Objectives: The present study aims to explore the clinical nursing strategy after the treatment of VMs in the pharynx area. Methods: In this study, the patients with VM in the pharynx region who received anhydrous ethanol sclerosis injection and/or surgical treatment in our Hospital from January 2013 to November 2018 were recruited. A total of 143 patients who had completed medical records were included in this prospective cohort study. The patients' post-operative vital signs were closely observed, the respiratory tract was maintained, the oral cavity was cleaned, and the nursing care of indwelling endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy was performed. After the clinical follow-ups of one to five years, long-term efficacy was also observed. We summarized their nursing care treatments. Results: The results showed that there were 0 patients rated as grade I, 3 patients rated as grade II, 17 patients rated as grade III, and 123 patients rated as grade IV after long-term efficacy. Conclusion: Appropriate anhydrous ethanol sclerotherapy can be selected for patients with pharyngeal venous malformation, and this method combined with the clinical nursing strategy after treatment concluded in this study can effectively reduce the volume of VM, with fewer side effects, and can effectively improve breathing, swallowing, and vocal function.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136335836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2548
Background: Burn is a kind of skin tissue damage under the influence of heat source, which is a common type of accidental injury in current society. Objective: To investigate the status of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burn patients, and to analyze the correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain. Methods: A total of 108 pediatric patients who underwent burn surgery under general anesthesia in our hospital from October 2020 to August 2021 were selected. FLACC and Facial Expression Pain Scale were used to evaluate the pain of the children, and STAI and YPAS were used to evaluate the anxiety of the children. Correlation was used to analyze the effect of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in burn children. Results: Preoperative anxiety and severe anxiety accounted for more than 50% of burn children, and there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain between 1-3-year-old children and 4-12-year-old children. The influencing factors of postoperative pain in children with burns were analyzed, including burn area, depth of burn, and previous operations. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for postoperative pain in children were age, burn area, depth of burn, preoperative anxiety of children, and parental trait anxiety, after statistical test, it shows that each influencing factor has a significant influence on postoperative pain in children (P < 0.05). In the correlation analysis of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burns, it was shown that preoperative anxiety in children aged 1 to 3 years had a significant impact on postoperative pain of children, and the correlation analysis showed that preoperative anxiety of children with burns There was a positive correlation between anxiety score and postoperative pain (r=0.479, P=0.001). Conclusion: The incidence of preoperative anxiety in children with burn patients is high, and the postoperative pain scores are also different in different age groups. In addition, there is a current correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burn patients, and the correlation is positively correlated, that is, the higher the patient's anxiety score, the more intense the patient's postoperative pain.
{"title":"Preoperative Anxiety and Postoperative Pain in Children with Burn Patients and Their Correlation Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2548","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Burn is a kind of skin tissue damage under the influence of heat source, which is a common type of accidental injury in current society.\u0000Objective: To investigate the status of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burn patients, and to analyze the correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain.\u0000Methods: A total of 108 pediatric patients who underwent burn surgery under general anesthesia in our hospital from October 2020 to August 2021 were selected. FLACC and Facial Expression Pain Scale were used to evaluate the pain of the children, and STAI and YPAS were used to evaluate the anxiety of the children. Correlation was used to analyze the effect of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in burn children.\u0000Results: Preoperative anxiety and severe anxiety accounted for more than 50% of burn children, and there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain between 1-3-year-old children and 4-12-year-old children. The influencing factors of postoperative pain in children with burns were analyzed, including burn area, depth of burn, and previous operations. The multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for postoperative pain in children were age, burn area, depth of burn, preoperative anxiety of children, and parental trait anxiety, after statistical test, it shows that each influencing factor has a significant influence on postoperative pain in children (P < 0.05). In the correlation analysis of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burns, it was shown that preoperative anxiety in children aged 1 to 3 years had a significant impact on postoperative pain of children, and the correlation analysis showed that preoperative anxiety of children with burns There was a positive correlation between anxiety score and postoperative pain (r=0.479, P=0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The incidence of preoperative anxiety in children with burn patients is high, and the postoperative pain scores are also different in different age groups. In addition, there is a current correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burn patients, and the correlation is positively correlated, that is, the higher the patient's anxiety score, the more intense the patient's postoperative pain.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46047939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.2510
Jiangxiong Cai, Qihong Chi
Background: Untreated chronic dacryocystitis (CD) can lead to serious ocular complications. Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of modified endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in the treatment of CD and the effects on ocular surface, inflammatory response, and immune function of patients. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine the clinical data of 110 patients (110 eyes) with CD who visited The First People's Hospital of Wenling, China, from July 2018 to February 2021, and they were divided into a conventional group (62 patients and 62 eyes underwent conventional DCR) and modified group (48 patients and 48 eyes received modified endoscopic DCR). The perioperative indexes, efficacy, and complications of the two groups were compared, and the changes in ocular surface, inflammatory response, and immune function of the patients before and 3 months after the surgery were observed. Results: The intraoperative bleeding, hospitalization cost, and 12-h postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score were lower, while the operative time and hospitalization time were shorter in modified group than in the conventional group (P<0.05). The total treatment efficacy was higher (91.67%) in the modified group than in the conventional group (72.58%), and the recurrence rate was lower in the modified group (4.17%) than in the conventional group [16.13%, P<0.05]. The ocular surface symptom scores, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time, degree of tear overflow scores were lower in the modified group than in the conventional group at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05); soluble interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CD8+ levels were lower, and CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ levels were higher in the modified group than in the conventional group at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the scores of activity impairment, general health, and visual status on the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire were higher in the modified group than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The overall complication rate in the modified group (8.33%) was not different from that in the conventional group [14.52%, P>0.05]. Conclusion: Modified DCR has the advantages of short operation time, less trauma, less pain and fewer complications, and is conducive to improving ocular surface function, reducing inflammatory response, and improving immune function and quality of life of patients.
{"title":"Efficacy of Modified Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy in the Treatment of Chronic Dacryocystitis","authors":"Jiangxiong Cai, Qihong Chi","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.2510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.2510","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Untreated chronic dacryocystitis (CD) can lead to serious ocular complications.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of modified endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in the treatment of CD and the effects on ocular surface, inflammatory response, and immune function of patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted to examine the clinical data of 110 patients (110 eyes) with CD who visited The First People's Hospital of Wenling, China, from July 2018 to February 2021, and they were divided into a conventional group (62 patients and 62 eyes underwent conventional DCR) and modified group (48 patients and 48 eyes received modified endoscopic DCR). The perioperative indexes, efficacy, and complications of the two groups were compared, and the changes in ocular surface, inflammatory response, and immune function of the patients before and 3 months after the surgery were observed.\u0000\u0000Results: The intraoperative bleeding, hospitalization cost, and 12-h postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) score were lower, while the operative time and hospitalization time were shorter in modified group than in the conventional group (P<0.05). The total treatment efficacy was higher (91.67%) in the modified group than in the conventional group (72.58%), and the recurrence rate was lower in the modified group (4.17%) than in the conventional group [16.13%, P<0.05]. The ocular surface symptom scores, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time, degree of tear overflow scores were lower in the modified group than in the conventional group at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05); soluble interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, CD8+ levels were lower, and CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ levels were higher in the modified group than in the conventional group at 3 months postoperatively (P<0.05). At 3 months postoperatively, the scores of activity impairment, general health, and visual status on the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire were higher in the modified group than those in the conventional group (P<0.05). The overall complication rate in the modified group (8.33%) was not different from that in the conventional group [14.52%, P>0.05].\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Modified DCR has the advantages of short operation time, less trauma, less pain and fewer complications, and is conducive to improving ocular surface function, reducing inflammatory response, and improving immune function and quality of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41771906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-19DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2349
Background: Interbody discs play a major role in maintaining the spine and skeleton structures which may undergo damage. If damage is so severe that the disc cannot be repaired, implants, known as “interbody cages”, should be used. Objectives: The present study aimed to propose a novel design with proper strength and resistance against axial disc torques. Methods: The design and analysis of innovative anatomical cages comprised two stages, namely, cage design according to three different models and finite element analysis (FEA). The designs were based on the spine of a 15-year-old teenager without lumbar disc disease. To model the vertebrae, computed tomography )CT( scans and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files were entered into Mimics Version 10.01 (Materialise Inc., Leuven, Belgium); then, the L4 and L5 spinal segments were modeled. Results: The implants were fixed to the bottom level and subjected to a net force of 1000 N. Additionally, a moment load of 7.5 Nm in flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending was applied in these three cage models. Considering the application of 1000-N force, maximum and minimum stress and strain distribution rates were presented in three honeycomb, Islamic architecture, and porous gyroid cages. Conclusion: Novel designs for lumbar cages were considered to achieve damping capacity, light weight, and high resistance. Considering the characteristics of the honeycomb, Islamic architecture, and gyroid structures, optimal designs were proposed for lumbar cages to achieve adequate strength and resistance against axial disc torques under normal conditions.
背景：椎间盘在维持可能受损的脊椎和骨骼结构方面发挥着重要作用。如果损伤严重到椎间盘无法修复，则应使用被称为“椎间笼”的植入物。目的：本研究旨在提出一种具有适当强度和抵抗轴向椎间盘扭矩的新型设计。方法：创新解剖笼的设计和分析包括两个阶段，即根据三种不同模型的笼设计和有限元分析。这些设计基于一名15岁未患腰椎间盘疾病的青少年的脊椎。为了对椎骨进行建模，将CT（扫描和医学数字成像与通信（DICOM））文件输入到Mimics Version 10.01（Materialise股份有限公司，Leuven，Belgium）中；然后，对L4和L5脊柱节段进行建模。结果：植入物固定在底部水平面上，并承受1000N的净力。此外，在这三个笼模型中施加了7.5 Nm的屈曲、伸展、轴向旋转和侧向弯曲力矩载荷。考虑到1000-N力的作用，给出了三个蜂窝、伊斯兰结构和多孔陀螺笼中的最大和最小应力和应变分布率。结论：新型设计的腰椎保持器具有阻尼能力、重量轻、阻力大的特点。考虑到蜂窝、伊斯兰结构和陀螺结构的特点，提出了腰椎保持架的优化设计，以在正常条件下获得足够的强度和抵抗轴向椎间盘扭矩的能力。
{"title":"Static Analysis and Design of Innovative Porous Lumbar Interbody Cages","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2349","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Interbody discs play a major role in maintaining the spine and skeleton structures which may undergo damage. If damage is so severe that the disc cannot be repaired, implants, known as “interbody cages”, should be used.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to propose a novel design with proper strength and resistance against axial disc torques.\u0000\u0000Methods: The design and analysis of innovative anatomical cages comprised two stages, namely, cage design according to three different models and finite element analysis (FEA). The designs were based on the spine of a 15-year-old teenager without lumbar disc disease. To model the vertebrae, computed tomography )CT( scans and Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files were entered into Mimics Version 10.01 (Materialise Inc., Leuven, Belgium); then, the L4 and L5 spinal segments were modeled.\u0000\u0000Results: The implants were fixed to the bottom level and subjected to a net force of 1000 N. Additionally, a moment load of 7.5 Nm in flexion, extension, axial rotation, and lateral bending was applied in these three cage models. Considering the application of 1000-N force, maximum and minimum stress and strain distribution rates were presented in three honeycomb, Islamic architecture, and porous gyroid cages.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Novel designs for lumbar cages were considered to achieve damping capacity, light weight, and high resistance. Considering the characteristics of the honeycomb, Islamic architecture, and gyroid structures, optimal designs were proposed for lumbar cages to achieve adequate strength and resistance against axial disc torques under normal conditions.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44469139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-19DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2204
M. Babazadeh, R. Maddah, S. Delavari, M. Razmi, Arsalan Jalili, M. Bahadorzadeh, M. Rohaninasab
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China. Initially, although the number of COVID-19-infected individuals was very low, the infected cases increased as the virus spread worldwide. Skin manifestation is one of the symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients. Objectives: This study investigated the critical genes and molecular pathways involved in skin manifestations in COVID-19 patients through a biological system approach. Methods: In this study, the microarray dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The enrichment analysis of DEGs was evaluated using the DAVID database. Afterward, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape software. The hub genes were recognized using the cytoHubba. The interaction of the microRNA (miRNA)-hub genes, transcription factor (TF)-hub genes, and drug-hub genes was also evaluated in this study. Results: After analysis, some genes with the highest degree of connectivity, which were involved in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome were identified, and they were known as hub genes. These genes are as follows: IFN-γ, CXCL1, CCL2, CCL3, TLR2, IL-1B, CXCL6, IL-6, CCL4, and CXCL2. has-mir-34a-5p, has-mir-20a-5p, and has-mir-27a-3p as miRNA, as well as RELA as TF had the most interaction with the hub genes. Conclusion: Finally, IL-6 and CXCL10 that were compared to the other hub genes had the highest interaction with other genes; therefore, their role in Shamgir's pathogenesis is significant. Targeting the cited genes would be a strategy to prevent symptom manifestation and better patient management.
{"title":"Evaluation of the Genes and Molecular Pathways Involved in Skin Lesions in Patients with COVID-19: Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Analysis Approach","authors":"M. Babazadeh, R. Maddah, S. Delavari, M. Razmi, Arsalan Jalili, M. Bahadorzadeh, M. Rohaninasab","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2204","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first identified in 2019 in Wuhan, China. Initially, although the number of COVID-19-infected individuals was very low, the infected cases increased as the virus spread worldwide. Skin manifestation is one of the symptoms observed in COVID-19 patients.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study investigated the critical genes and molecular pathways involved in skin manifestations in COVID-19 patients through a biological system approach.\u0000\u0000Methods: In this study, the microarray dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed for identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The enrichment analysis of DEGs was evaluated using the DAVID database. Afterward, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed via the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape software. The hub genes were recognized using the cytoHubba. The interaction of the microRNA (miRNA)-hub genes, transcription factor (TF)-hub genes, and drug-hub genes was also evaluated in this study.\u0000\u0000Results: After analysis, some genes with the highest degree of connectivity, which were involved in the pathogenesis of HELLP syndrome were identified, and they were known as hub genes. These genes are as follows: IFN-γ, CXCL1, CCL2, CCL3, TLR2, IL-1B, CXCL6, IL-6, CCL4, and CXCL2. has-mir-34a-5p, has-mir-20a-5p, and has-mir-27a-3p as miRNA, as well as RELA as TF had the most interaction with the hub genes.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Finally, IL-6 and CXCL10 that were compared to the other hub genes had the highest interaction with other genes; therefore, their role in Shamgir's pathogenesis is significant. Targeting the cited genes would be a strategy to prevent symptom manifestation and better patient management.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42360804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-31DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2257
Background: The etiology of pelvic organ prolapse is multifactorial. Age and parity are especially the two most important risk factors for this condition. Small bowel obstruction is one of the most common clinical presentations to the emergency department that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. Case presentation: A 79-year-old woman with a previous history of uterine prolapse and no previous history of intraabdominal surgery or malignancies presented with nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation from 2 days ago. Upright and supine x-rays showed dilated small bowel loops and confirmed bowel obstruction. Due to primary obstruction, the patient was a candidate for surgery. During the surgery, we observed that 100 cm of the terminal ileum and the uterus protruded in the vaginal canal and the ileal loops were strangulated. We decided to perform a right hemicolectomy surgery. Conclusion: In patients with uterine prolapse, we suggest a careful examination and consideration of the entrapment of small bowel loops in the prolapse site as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction.
{"title":"Uterine Prolapse as a Rare Cause of Intestinal Obstruction: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2257","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The etiology of pelvic organ prolapse is multifactorial. Age and parity are especially the two most important risk factors for this condition. Small bowel obstruction is one of the most common clinical presentations to the emergency department that can result in significant morbidity and mortality.\u0000\u0000Case presentation: A 79-year-old woman with a previous history of uterine prolapse and no previous history of intraabdominal surgery or malignancies presented with nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, and constipation from 2 days ago. Upright and supine x-rays showed dilated small bowel loops and confirmed bowel obstruction. Due to primary obstruction, the patient was a candidate for surgery. During the surgery, we observed that 100 cm of the terminal ileum and the uterus protruded in the vaginal canal and the ileal loops were strangulated. We decided to perform a right hemicolectomy surgery.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: In patients with uterine prolapse, we suggest a careful examination and consideration of the entrapment of small bowel loops in the prolapse site as a rare cause of small bowel obstruction.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49345413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-25DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2022.25.1.2284
R. Mamuk, M. Dişsiz
Background: The correct use of face masks is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 and other respiratory infections. Objectives: The present study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measure to assess attitudes and behaviors related to face mask use in social settings. Methods: This methodological study was conducted online between July 23, 2021, and September 24, 2021. The inclusion criteria entailed an age range of ≥18 years, literacy in Turkish, use of face masks, and willingness to participate in the study. The participants of the study included 489 cases who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a sociodemographic information form and the Mask Use Scale. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, dependent-samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficients. Results: Based on the results, 36 items of the Mask Use Scale had positive and significant item-total correlation coefficients (P<0.001). Mean scores in the test and retest demonstrated no significant difference (P>0.05). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .76 for the mask use subscale, .77 for the hygiene subscale, .78 for the cloth mask subscale, .77 for the requirement subscale, .80 for the mask selection subscale, and .93 for the entire scale. Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the Mask Use Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be used to determine adults' attitudes and behavior related to the use of face masks in social settings.
{"title":"Mask Use Scale: A Scale Development Study","authors":"R. Mamuk, M. Dişsiz","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2022.25.1.2284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2022.25.1.2284","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The correct use of face masks is one of the most effective ways to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 and other respiratory infections.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to develop a valid and reliable measure to assess attitudes and behaviors related to face mask use in social settings.\u0000\u0000Methods: This methodological study was conducted online between July 23, 2021, and September 24, 2021. The inclusion criteria entailed an age range of ≥18 years, literacy in Turkish, use of face masks, and willingness to participate in the study. The participants of the study included 489 cases who met the inclusion criteria. Data were collected using a sociodemographic information form and the Mask Use Scale. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, dependent-samples t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficients.\u0000\u0000Results: Based on the results, 36 items of the Mask Use Scale had positive and significant item-total correlation coefficients (P<0.001). Mean scores in the test and retest demonstrated no significant difference (P>0.05). Cronbach's alpha coefficients were .76 for the mask use subscale, .77 for the hygiene subscale, .78 for the cloth mask subscale, .77 for the requirement subscale, .80 for the mask selection subscale, and .93 for the entire scale.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the Mask Use Scale is a valid and reliable tool and can be used to determine adults' attitudes and behavior related to the use of face masks in social settings.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49440324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.1.2178
Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-cancer medicine with serious side effects on healthy organs, especially the liver. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the histopathology and effects of Livergol (Liv), a product of Silybum marianum, on serum levels of hepatic parameters in long-term DOX-treated rats. Methods: Sixty three male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, namely the control, sham, and experimental groups 1-5, which received certain doses of DOX, Liv, and their combination for 2 months. To produce a cumulative dose, 10 doses of 2 mg/kg DOX were intraperitoneally administered once every 6 days. Moreover, 150 and 300 mg/kg daily doses of Liv were gavaged to the experimental groups 2-5. In addition, blood samples were taken, serum levels of hepatic functional factors and liver enzymes were measured, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate liver histopathology. The results were analyzed between experimental and control groups by analysis of variance and Tukey tests and the significance level was considered at < 0.05. Results: The serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, total and direct bilirubin, and liver enzymes in the DOX + Liv300 and Liv150 groups showed a significant decrease, compared to the DOX group. While high-density lipoprotein, albumin, and total protein showed a significant increase. Liver tissue in DOX + Liv300 and Liv150 groups did not show any damage. In addition, the serum level of liver enzymes, lipid profile, biochemical factors, and liver histopathology in the Liv300 and Liv150 groups were similar to those in the control group. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that the oral administration of Liv powder can prevent liver side effects of DOX in rats.
{"title":"Effect of Livergol on the Liver Function and its Histopathological Changes in Doxorubicin-Treated Rats","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.1.2178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.1.2178","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anti-cancer medicine with serious side effects on healthy organs, especially the liver.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the histopathology and effects of Livergol (Liv), a product of Silybum marianum, on serum levels of hepatic parameters in long-term DOX-treated rats.\u0000\u0000Methods: Sixty three male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups, namely the control, sham, and experimental groups 1-5, which received certain doses of DOX, Liv, and their combination for 2 months. To produce a cumulative dose, 10 doses of 2 mg/kg DOX were intraperitoneally administered once every 6 days. Moreover, 150 and 300 mg/kg daily doses of Liv were gavaged to the experimental groups 2-5. In addition, blood samples were taken, serum levels of hepatic functional factors and liver enzymes were measured, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate liver histopathology. The results were analyzed between experimental and control groups by analysis of variance and Tukey tests and the significance level was considered at < 0.05.\u0000\u0000Results: The serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, total and direct bilirubin, and liver enzymes in the DOX + Liv300 and Liv150 groups showed a significant decrease, compared to the DOX group. While high-density lipoprotein, albumin, and total protein showed a significant increase. Liver tissue in DOX + Liv300 and Liv150 groups did not show any damage. In addition, the serum level of liver enzymes, lipid profile, biochemical factors, and liver histopathology in the Liv300 and Liv150 groups were similar to those in the control group.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that the oral administration of Liv powder can prevent liver side effects of DOX in rats.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44351870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2370
Background: Anal cancer in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is rare, and the relationship between infliximab and anal cancer is not clear yet. The present study aimed to report three patients with CD complicated with anal cancer who used infliximab with their basic features. Case presentation: Three cases were reported, including two females and one male, aged 29-56 years old. All of them developed perianal lesions during the period of Crohn's disease. All three patients had used infliximab for Crohn's disease before the diagnosis of anal cancer, except one patient who stopped using infliximab three times due to allergy; the other two patients had used infliximab until the diagnosis of anal cancer. Two patients had a good prognosis with early therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: Based on the results, Chinese and Western patients with Crohn's disease who developed anal carcinoma had similar features. Conventional perianal evaluation is important in patients with Crohn's disease. The association between infliximab therapy and anal cancer has not been fully established and needs to be fully evaluated before the use of infliximab in Crohn's disease
{"title":"Anal Carcinoma in Patients with Crohn's Disease: Three Cases Report and Literature Review","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2370","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anal cancer in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) is rare, and the relationship between infliximab and anal cancer is not clear yet. The present study aimed to report three patients with CD complicated with anal cancer who used infliximab with their basic features. Case presentation: Three cases were reported, including two females and one male, aged 29-56 years old. All of them developed perianal lesions during the period of Crohn's disease. All three patients had used infliximab for Crohn's disease before the diagnosis of anal cancer, except one patient who stopped using infliximab three times due to allergy; the other two patients had used infliximab until the diagnosis of anal cancer. Two patients had a good prognosis with early therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: Based on the results, Chinese and Western patients with Crohn's disease who developed anal carcinoma had similar features. Conventional perianal evaluation is important in patients with Crohn's disease. The association between infliximab therapy and anal cancer has not been fully established and needs to be fully evaluated before the use of infliximab in Crohn's disease","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136251785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-24DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2125
A. Tayebi, M. Rezaei, M. Bakhtiyari, M. M. Afrakoti
Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs. Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and prognosis of AKI in COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed 397 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between April 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Patients with a sudden rise of serum creatinine level, more than 0.3 mg/dl in two days or more than 50% of the initial level in one week, were diagnosed with AKI. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were compared in AKI patients with patients without AKI. Results: A total of 397 patients with a mean age ± standard deviation of 55.42 ± 15.26 years were included in the study. According to diagnostic criteria, 48 (12.1%) patients developed AKI. Old age, a history of hypertension, and chronic renal failure were suggested as risk factors for AKI. High levels of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum phosphorus upon arrival were also associated with an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the incidence of hypernatremia and hyperkalemia increased mortality in patients with AKI. Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in admitted COVID-19 patients affects the duration of hospitalization, the chance of ICU admission, and mortality. It is important to limit the use of nephrotoxic drugs and to maintain water-electrolyte balance to prevent the incidence of AKI and improve the outcome.
{"title":"Outcomes, Risk Factors, and Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients","authors":"A. Tayebi, M. Rezaei, M. Bakhtiyari, M. M. Afrakoti","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2125","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) is the virus causing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Apart from respiratory disease, this virus can affect different organs.\u0000\u0000Objectives: Therefore, multiple mechanisms have been hypothesized for Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in COVID-19. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and prognosis of AKI in COVID-19 patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: This retrospective cohort study assessed 397 COVID-19 patients hospitalized between April 1, 2020, and September 30, 2021. Patients with a sudden rise of serum creatinine level, more than 0.3 mg/dl in two days or more than 50% of the initial level in one week, were diagnosed with AKI. Demographic, laboratory, and clinical features were compared in AKI patients with patients without AKI.\u0000\u0000Results: A total of 397 patients with a mean age ± standard deviation of 55.42 ± 15.26 years were included in the study. According to diagnostic criteria, 48 (12.1%) patients developed AKI. Old age, a history of hypertension, and chronic renal failure were suggested as risk factors for AKI. High levels of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Lactate Dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and serum phosphorus upon arrival were also associated with an increased risk of AKI. In addition, the incidence of hypernatremia and hyperkalemia increased mortality in patients with AKI.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The incidence of AKI in admitted COVID-19 patients affects the duration of hospitalization, the chance of ICU admission, and mortality. It is important to limit the use of nephrotoxic drugs and to maintain water-electrolyte balance to prevent the incidence of AKI and improve the outcome.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47666551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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