Pub Date : 2023-03-11DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2601
Hongwei Chen
Background: One of the most important harmful effects related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the psychological effects that can affect all population groups. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of home quarantine caused by COVID-19 on parents' stress, as well as children's anxiety and depression. Methods: This study included 230 parents who had children aged 5-12 years. The data were collected using the Children Symptom Inventory (CSI-4) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), which were sent to people through the social messenger WhatsApp. (22). Different variables including the impact of the event, avoidance, intrusion, hyperarousal, anxiety, and depression were measured and analyzed using these two questionnaires. Results: The results of the correlation analysis showed that the impact of the quarantined event caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the IES-R subscales in parents were directly and significantly related to the anxiety and depression scores in their children. In addition, multivariate regression analysis showed that higher IES-R scores by parents can significantly predict higher anxiety and depression scores in children. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the home quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic causes stress in parents and this also increases anxiety and depression in their children. Therefore, it is suggested that in addition to the management, control, and treatment of these types of pandemic diseases, special attention be paid to their psychological effects, especially during home quarantine.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19-Induced Home Quarantine on Parental Stress, as well as Anxiety and Depression among Children","authors":"Hongwei Chen","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2601","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the most important harmful effects related to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the psychological effects that can affect all population groups.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of home quarantine caused by COVID-19 on parents' stress, as well as children's anxiety and depression.\u0000\u0000Methods: This study included 230 parents who had children aged 5-12 years. The data were collected using the Children Symptom Inventory (CSI-4) and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), which were sent to people through the social messenger WhatsApp. (22). Different variables including the impact of the event, avoidance, intrusion, hyperarousal, anxiety, and depression were measured and analyzed using these two questionnaires.\u0000\u0000Results: The results of the correlation analysis showed that the impact of the quarantined event caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the IES-R subscales in parents were directly and significantly related to the anxiety and depression scores in their children. In addition, multivariate regression analysis showed that higher IES-R scores by parents can significantly predict higher anxiety and depression scores in children.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that the home quarantine caused by the COVID-19 pandemic causes stress in parents and this also increases anxiety and depression in their children. Therefore, it is suggested that in addition to the management, control, and treatment of these types of pandemic diseases, special attention be paid to their psychological effects, especially during home quarantine.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42001673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-08DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.1962
Background: There is no standard method for the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD). Today, many different treatment methods are attempted. Some of the leading methods are surgical procedures with different flap techniques and less invasive methods, such as crystallized phenol, laser pilonidoplasty, radiofrequency excision, and monopolar electrocautery excision. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the monopolar and bipolar electrocautery excision techniques that we performed in our clinic for PSD. Methods: Patients who received pilonidal sinus treatment in our clinic between January 2018 and January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, renal failure, immunosuppression, and children (<16 years of age). The study included a total of 36 patients who met the criteria. Data were retrospectively obtained from hospital archive records (operative notes, discharge summary, and outpatient dressing records). The patients were then divided into two groups, namely monopolar electrocautery excision (group 1) and bipolar electrocautery excision (group 2). Results: The mean age of 36 patients included in the study was 22.9 years. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of predisposing factors (gender, obesity, hirsutism, and smoking). There was also no statistical difference in terms of mean healing time and recurrence rate. Monopolar and bipolar electrocautery excisions lasted 32.2±8.9 and 38.8±7.8 minutes, respectively (P<0.05). Accordingly, the operative time was significantly different between the groups, and it was shorter in the monopolar electrocautery excision group. Furthermore, the bipolar electrocautery group showed shorter wound infection duration, compared to the monopolar electrocautery excision group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Both excision techniques were similar in terms of wound healing, hospital stay, and recurrence rates. The operative times were longer in bipolar cautery; however, the wound infection was less.
背景:毛毛窦疾病(PSD)的治疗尚无标准方法。今天，人们尝试了许多不同的治疗方法。一些主要的方法是外科手术，采用不同的皮瓣技术和侵入性较小的方法，如结晶苯酚、激光毛囊成形术、射频切除和单极电切。目的:本研究旨在比较我们在临床治疗PSD的单极和双极电切技术。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月至2021年1月在我诊所接受毛膜窦治疗的患者。排除标准为糖尿病、肾功能衰竭、免疫抑制、儿童(<16岁)。该研究共包括36名符合标准的患者。回顾性资料来源于医院档案记录(手术记录、出院总结和门诊换药记录)。然后将患者分为两组，即单极电切组(1组)和双极电切组(2组)。结果:纳入研究的36例患者平均年龄22.9岁。两组在易感因素(性别、肥胖、多毛症和吸烟)方面没有差异。两组的平均愈合时间和复发率也无统计学差异。单极和双极电切时间分别为32.2±8.9 min和38.8±7.8 min (P<0.05)。因此，两组间手术时间差异有统计学意义，单极电切组手术时间更短。双极电切组创面感染持续时间较单极电切组短(P<0.05)。结论:两种手术方法在伤口愈合、住院时间和复发率方面相似。双极烧灼术的手术时间较长;但伤口感染较少。
{"title":"Comparison of Monopolar and Bipolar Electrocautery Excision Techniques in Pilonidal Sinus Disease: A Retrospective Clinical Study","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.1962","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is no standard method for the treatment of pilonidal sinus disease (PSD). Today, many different treatment methods are attempted. Some of the leading methods are surgical procedures with different flap techniques and less invasive methods, such as crystallized phenol, laser pilonidoplasty, radiofrequency excision, and monopolar electrocautery excision.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to compare the monopolar and bipolar electrocautery excision techniques that we performed in our clinic for PSD.\u0000\u0000Methods: Patients who received pilonidal sinus treatment in our clinic between January 2018 and January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The exclusion criteria were diabetes mellitus, renal failure, immunosuppression, and children (<16 years of age). The study included a total of 36 patients who met the criteria. Data were retrospectively obtained from hospital archive records (operative notes, discharge summary, and outpatient dressing records). The patients were then divided into two groups, namely monopolar electrocautery excision (group 1) and bipolar electrocautery excision (group 2).\u0000\u0000Results: The mean age of 36 patients included in the study was 22.9 years. There was no difference between the two groups in terms of predisposing factors (gender, obesity, hirsutism, and smoking). There was also no statistical difference in terms of mean healing time and recurrence rate. Monopolar and bipolar electrocautery excisions lasted 32.2±8.9 and 38.8±7.8 minutes, respectively (P<0.05). Accordingly, the operative time was significantly different between the groups, and it was shorter in the monopolar electrocautery excision group. Furthermore, the bipolar electrocautery group showed shorter wound infection duration, compared to the monopolar electrocautery excision group (P<0.05).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Both excision techniques were similar in terms of wound healing, hospital stay, and recurrence rates. The operative times were longer in bipolar cautery; however, the wound infection was less.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42042447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1883
Background: Current studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer effects of paeonol in some tumors; however, its effect on gliomas remains unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of paeonol in human glioma tissues and cells including its effect and connection with apoptosis and oxidative stress in gliomas. Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the antiproliferative effect of paeonol in human U251 glioma cells. Transwell and colony-forming assays were employed to assess the effect of paeonol on the ability of invasion and colony formation of U251 cells. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and catalase activity (CAT) were measured to evaluate the effect of paeonol on oxidative stress in U251 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-q) PCR and western blot were utilized to detect caspase-3 expression levels. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining detected the effect of paeonol on U251 cell apoptosis. Results: Paeonol decreased cell viability, as well as the proliferation, invasion, and colony formation ability of U251 cells. Paeonol reduced MDA content and increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and T-AOC in U251 cells. Caspase-3 expression was lower in human glioma tissues than in normal tissues of the human brain. Paeonol promoted U251 cell apoptosis as revealed by TUNEL staining results and the significant up-regulation of caspase-3 expression in U251 cells. Conclusion: These results indicated that paeonol has anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects in gliomas via oxidative stress regulation and the caspase-3 pathway. Our study, therefore, provides new ideas for the clinical treatment of gliomas.
{"title":"Experimental Study on the Anti-tumor and Pro-apoptotic Effects of Paeonol in Human Gliomas","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1883","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Current studies have demonstrated the anti-cancer effects of paeonol in some tumors; however, its effect on gliomas remains unknown.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effect of paeonol in human glioma tissues and cells including its effect and connection with apoptosis and oxidative stress in gliomas.\u0000\u0000Methods: Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect the antiproliferative effect of paeonol in human U251 glioma cells. Transwell and colony-forming assays were employed to assess the effect of paeonol on the ability of invasion and colony formation of U251 cells. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and catalase activity (CAT) were measured to evaluate the effect of paeonol on oxidative stress in U251 cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-q) PCR and western blot were utilized to detect caspase-3 expression levels. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining detected the effect of paeonol on U251 cell apoptosis.\u0000\u0000Results: Paeonol decreased cell viability, as well as the proliferation, invasion, and colony formation ability of U251 cells. Paeonol reduced MDA content and increased the activities of SOD, CAT, and T-AOC in U251 cells. Caspase-3 expression was lower in human glioma tissues than in normal tissues of the human brain. Paeonol promoted U251 cell apoptosis as revealed by TUNEL staining results and the significant up-regulation of caspase-3 expression in U251 cells.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: These results indicated that paeonol has anti-tumor and pro-apoptotic effects in gliomas via oxidative stress regulation and the caspase-3 pathway. Our study, therefore, provides new ideas for the clinical treatment of gliomas.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43727414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2030
Background: Post-treatment nursing care is essential for patients with venous malformations (VMs) after they have undergone treatment. Effective post-treatment nursing care requires adequate resources, effective communication, patient compliance, and addressing psychological distress. However, the clinical care plan for VMs in the pharyngeal isthmus is not clear. Objectives: The present study aims to explore the clinical nursing strategy after the treatment of VMs in the pharynx area. Methods: In this study, the patients with VM in the pharynx region who received anhydrous ethanol sclerosis injection and/or surgical treatment in our Hospital from January 2013 to November 2018 were recruited. A total of 143 patients who had completed medical records were included in this prospective cohort study. The patients' post-operative vital signs were closely observed, the respiratory tract was maintained, the oral cavity was cleaned, and the nursing care of indwelling endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy was performed. After the clinical follow-ups of one to five years, long-term efficacy was also observed. We summarized their nursing care treatments. Results: The results showed that there were 0 patients rated as grade I, 3 patients rated as grade II, 17 patients rated as grade III, and 123 patients rated as grade IV after long-term efficacy. Conclusion: Appropriate anhydrous ethanol sclerotherapy can be selected for patients with pharyngeal venous malformation, and this method combined with the clinical nursing strategy after treatment concluded in this study can effectively reduce the volume of VM, with fewer side effects, and can effectively improve breathing, swallowing, and vocal function.
{"title":"A Clinical Study of Post-treatment Nursing Strategy for Venous Malformations in the Pharynx Region","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.3.2030","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Post-treatment nursing care is essential for patients with venous malformations (VMs) after they have undergone treatment. Effective post-treatment nursing care requires adequate resources, effective communication, patient compliance, and addressing psychological distress. However, the clinical care plan for VMs in the pharyngeal isthmus is not clear.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aims to explore the clinical nursing strategy after the treatment of VMs in the pharynx area.\u0000\u0000Methods: In this study, the patients with VM in the pharynx region who received anhydrous ethanol sclerosis injection and/or surgical treatment in our Hospital from January 2013 to November 2018 were recruited. A total of 143 patients who had completed medical records were included in this prospective cohort study. The patients' post-operative vital signs were closely observed, the respiratory tract was maintained, the oral cavity was cleaned, and the nursing care of indwelling endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy was performed. After the clinical follow-ups of one to five years, long-term efficacy was also observed. We summarized their nursing care treatments.\u0000\u0000Results: The results showed that there were 0 patients rated as grade I, 3 patients rated as grade II, 17 patients rated as grade III, and 123 patients rated as grade IV after long-term efficacy.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Appropriate anhydrous ethanol sclerotherapy can be selected for patients with pharyngeal venous malformation, and this method combined with the clinical nursing strategy after treatment concluded in this study can effectively reduce the volume of VM, with fewer side effects, and can effectively improve breathing, swallowing, and vocal function.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43093841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1882
Background: The rapid development and production of COVID-19 vaccines have raised concerns about their safety and efficacy, which have contributed to vaccine hesitancy among some people. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the opinions and attitudes of medical students about COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. Methods: Nine hundred seventy-seven volunteer students from three medical faculties participated in this study, and data were collected via an online survey. A questionnaire consisting of 40 items and four parts, including sociodemographic information, COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine rejection, and vaccine hesitancy was used for data collection. In the questionnaire, the students were asked about their desire to be vaccinated, whether they want to be vaccinated for their families, vaccination indecision or rejection, and the reasons for not wanting to be vaccinated. Results: Among the students, the rate of vaccine rejection was 15.4% (n=150), and the rate of vaccine hesitancy was 18.9% (n=185). While 65.7% (n=642) wanted to be vaccinated against COVID-19, the rate of those who wanted their families to be vaccinated was 54.1% (n=529). Age and being in the preclinical period positively affected the vaccination decision, while a history of COVID-19 and being affected by vaccine technology negatively influenced the decision to be vaccinated. The vaccine acceptance rate was significantly higher in men than in women (P=0.002), in preclinical students than in clinical year students (P=0.049), and in those without a history of COVID-19 than in those who had COVID-19 (P<0.001). Conclusion: The attitudes of medical students toward COVID-19 vaccines were positive. However, considering that some students were hesitant to be vaccinated or against vaccination, we think it would be beneficial to integrate positive attitude development programs into the medical education curriculum.
{"title":"Medical Students' Views and Attitudes toward Vaccine Refusal during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Study","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.4.1882","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The rapid development and production of COVID-19 vaccines have raised concerns about their safety and efficacy, which have contributed to vaccine hesitancy among some people.\u0000\u0000Objectives: This study aimed to determine the opinions and attitudes of medical students about COVID-19 vaccines and vaccine hesitancy.\u0000\u0000Methods: Nine hundred seventy-seven volunteer students from three medical faculties participated in this study, and data were collected via an online survey. A questionnaire consisting of 40 items and four parts, including sociodemographic information, COVID-19 vaccines, vaccine rejection, and vaccine hesitancy was used for data collection. In the questionnaire, the students were asked about their desire to be vaccinated, whether they want to be vaccinated for their families, vaccination indecision or rejection, and the reasons for not wanting to be vaccinated.\u0000\u0000Results: Among the students, the rate of vaccine rejection was 15.4% (n=150), and the rate of vaccine hesitancy was 18.9% (n=185). While 65.7% (n=642) wanted to be vaccinated against COVID-19, the rate of those who wanted their families to be vaccinated was 54.1% (n=529). Age and being in the preclinical period positively affected the vaccination decision, while a history of COVID-19 and being affected by vaccine technology negatively influenced the decision to be vaccinated. The vaccine acceptance rate was significantly higher in men than in women (P=0.002), in preclinical students than in clinical year students (P=0.049), and in those without a history of COVID-19 than in those who had COVID-19 (P<0.001).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The attitudes of medical students toward COVID-19 vaccines were positive. However, considering that some students were hesitant to be vaccinated or against vaccination, we think it would be beneficial to integrate positive attitude development programs into the medical education curriculum.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43039675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2133
Background: Although Knowledge of the side effects of cancer treatments is crucial for everyone, it is more vital for patients' companions. Since they can significantly improve patients' attitudes towards cancer treatments and help them tolerate the disease; Objectives: In this study, we aimed to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes of companions about dental considerations and oral complications related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was provided to companions at Kowsar Hospital in Semnan University, Iran, in October 2021. A total of 176 companions were selected by simple sampling method. Inclusion criterion consisted of the companions who were most of the time alongside the patients. The researcher-designed questionnaire included three sections: demographic variables, knowledge of and attitude toward dental considerations, and oral complications related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (15 and 4 items, respectively). The relationship between knowledge and attitude with variables (e.g., gender, education level, duration of the treatment, and the location of the cancer) was investigated. Results: Overall, 176 companions participated in this research. A total of 152 (86.4%) individuals had low to moderate knowledge (score 7-14), and only 6 (3.4%) companions had high knowledge (score 15-19). Around 74 (42%) individuals had moderate attitude scores, and 98 (55.7%) had high attitude scores. Companions’ knowledge scores increased significantly with higher education and having head and neck cancer patients. Moreover, companions’ attitude scores decreased significantly with the age and duration of patients’ treatments and increased significantly with higher education and having gastrointestinal cancer patients. Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitude of companions was low to moderate about chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced oral complications and dental considerations. Therefore, improving the comprehensive education of this group is required.
{"title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Cancer Patients’ Companions towards Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy-induced Oral Complications and Dental Considerations","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2133","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although Knowledge of the side effects of cancer treatments is crucial for everyone, it is more vital for patients' companions. Since they can significantly improve patients' attitudes towards cancer treatments and help them tolerate the disease; Objectives: In this study, we aimed to examine the level of knowledge and attitudes of companions about dental considerations and oral complications related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.\u0000\u0000Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was provided to companions at Kowsar Hospital in Semnan University, Iran, in October 2021. A total of 176 companions were selected by simple sampling method. Inclusion criterion consisted of the companions who were most of the time alongside the patients. The researcher-designed questionnaire included three sections: demographic variables, knowledge of and attitude toward dental considerations, and oral complications related to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (15 and 4 items, respectively). The relationship between knowledge and attitude with variables (e.g., gender, education level, duration of the treatment, and the location of the cancer) was investigated.\u0000\u0000Results: Overall, 176 companions participated in this research. A total of 152 (86.4%) individuals had low to moderate knowledge (score 7-14), and only 6 (3.4%) companions had high knowledge (score 15-19). Around 74 (42%) individuals had moderate attitude scores, and 98 (55.7%) had high attitude scores. Companions’ knowledge scores increased significantly with higher education and having head and neck cancer patients. Moreover, companions’ attitude scores decreased significantly with the age and duration of patients’ treatments and increased significantly with higher education and having gastrointestinal cancer patients.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The level of knowledge and attitude of companions was low to moderate about chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced oral complications and dental considerations. Therefore, improving the comprehensive education of this group is required.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44136580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2662
A. Qasemi, M. Lagzian, Z. Bayat
The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on the healthcare system. In particular, the intersection of COVID-19 and cancer has created a double burden on the healthcare system, presenting challenges in both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. During the pandemic, overcrowding of hospitals and clinics, shortages of PPE and other medical supplies, and the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers have all made it more difficult to care for cancer patients. The challenges in cancer diagnosis and screening during the pandemic have included delays in cancer diagnoses, decreased access to cancer screenings, and a decrease in the number of cancer surgeries being performed. Changes in cancer treatment patterns and access to care during COVID-19 have also impacted the treatment outcomes for cancer patients, with a decrease in the number of cancer patients being treated and an increased risk of poor outcomes for those who are being treated. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and their ability to care for cancer patients has also been significant, with healthcare workers facing increased exposure to the virus, increased workloads, and increased stress and burnout. The double burden of COVID-19 and cancer on the healthcare system has implications for policy and practice, including the need for improved coordination between cancer and COVID-19 response efforts and the need for increased investment in healthcare infrastructure and resources. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has created a double burden on the healthcare system, with significant challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and the healthcare system more broadly highlights the need for improved coordination and increased investment in healthcare resources and infrastructure.
{"title":"Cancer and COVID-19: A Double Burden on the Healthcare System","authors":"A. Qasemi, M. Lagzian, Z. Bayat","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2662","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an unprecedented burden on the healthcare system. In particular, the intersection of COVID-19 and cancer has created a double burden on the healthcare system, presenting challenges in both the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. During the pandemic, overcrowding of hospitals and clinics, shortages of PPE and other medical supplies, and the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers have all made it more difficult to care for cancer patients. The challenges in cancer diagnosis and screening during the pandemic have included delays in cancer diagnoses, decreased access to cancer screenings, and a decrease in the number of cancer surgeries being performed. Changes in cancer treatment patterns and access to care during COVID-19 have also impacted the treatment outcomes for cancer patients, with a decrease in the number of cancer patients being treated and an increased risk of poor outcomes for those who are being treated. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and their ability to care for cancer patients has also been significant, with healthcare workers facing increased exposure to the virus, increased workloads, and increased stress and burnout. The double burden of COVID-19 and cancer on the healthcare system has implications for policy and practice, including the need for improved coordination between cancer and COVID-19 response efforts and the need for increased investment in healthcare infrastructure and resources. In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has created a double burden on the healthcare system, with significant challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. The impact of COVID-19 on healthcare workers and the healthcare system more broadly highlights the need for improved coordination and increased investment in healthcare resources and infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46540722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.1471
Background: Ischemic stroke is the most frequent form of stroke, which imposes considerable cost and causes disabilities for the patients. Melatonin is proven to have anti-oxidant along with anti-inflammatory effects. Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the effects of melatonin on clinical features of acute stroke in Iranian patients. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 58 patients who were admitted to Valiasr Hospital and Neurology Center in Arak, Iran, from April 2016 to April 2017. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 50 years and diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. All participants were asked to fill out informed consent forms before entering the study. Through simple randomization, an expert nurse divided cases into two groups of 29 people: Group 1 as the intervention group: ASA 80mg/day + Plavix 75 mg/day + melatonin 3 mg (every night one pill for two months), Group 2 as the control group: ASA 80 mg/day + Plavix 75 mg/day + placebo (every night one pill for two months). Canadian Neurological Stroke Scale (CNSS) was recorded for all cases before and after treatment. Results: Mean age, sex, circulation, cardiovascular accident incidence time, and symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups. Mean of the CNSS was significantly higher after the treatment in both groups. It improved significantly more in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that CNSS improved more in the intervention group than in the control group. Therefore, melatonin administration in patients with ischemic stroke will result in better clinical improvements.
{"title":"Melatonin for Clinical Improvement in Patients with Ischemic Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.1471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.1471","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ischemic stroke is the most frequent form of stroke, which imposes considerable cost and causes disabilities for the patients. Melatonin is proven to have anti-oxidant along with anti-inflammatory effects.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to examine the effects of melatonin on clinical features of acute stroke in Iranian patients.\u0000\u0000Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 58 patients who were admitted to Valiasr Hospital and Neurology Center in Arak, Iran, from April 2016 to April 2017. Inclusion criteria were: age ≥ 50 years and diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke. All participants were asked to fill out informed consent forms before entering the study. Through simple randomization, an expert nurse divided cases into two groups of 29 people: Group 1 as the intervention group: ASA 80mg/day + Plavix 75 mg/day + melatonin 3 mg (every night one pill for two months), Group 2 as the control group: ASA 80 mg/day + Plavix 75 mg/day + placebo (every night one pill for two months). Canadian Neurological Stroke Scale (CNSS) was recorded for all cases before and after treatment.\u0000\u0000Results: Mean age, sex, circulation, cardiovascular accident incidence time, and symptoms were not significantly different between the two groups. Mean of the CNSS was significantly higher after the treatment in both groups. It improved significantly more in the intervention group than in the control group.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that CNSS improved more in the intervention group than in the control group. Therefore, melatonin administration in patients with ischemic stroke will result in better clinical improvements.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42023121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-25DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2320
A. Soltani, S. Mohaghegh
Background: The risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection significantly increases with mass gatherings during the pandemic. According to WHO recommendations, the decision to hold, modify, postpone, or cancel gatherings of any size during the COVID-19 pandemic should rely on a risk-based approach. WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 Risk Assessment tool-Generic Events, to the best of our knowledge, has not been translated into Persian and its reliability and validity have not been determined in the Iranian population. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 risk Assessment tool-Generic Events in the Iranian population. Methods: The content and face validity of the final Persian version of the WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 Risk Assessment tool- Generic Event, Version 2 (10 July 2020) was confirmed by five experts and the WHO office in Tehran, Iran. Then, the tool was completed by 17 Iranian adults on two occasions at least two weeks after a hypothetical mass gathering event. The participants were mainly selected from the personnel of the Iranian red crescent society. All of them had a bachelor's or higher university degree in health sciences. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and related statistical tests (Pearson correlation coefficient). Results: Risk evaluation and risk mitigation questions of the Persian version of the tool had high reliability on two occasions at least two weeks after a hypothetical mass gathering event based on the Pearson correlation coefficient (r=0.81, P-value=0.03 for risk evaluation and r=0.75, P-value=0.04 for risk mitigation questions based on their final scores). Conclusion: The Persian version of the tool can be used to classify the risk of mass gatherings for COVID-19 infection.
{"title":"Reliability and Validity of Persian Version of WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 Risk Assessment Tool- Generic Events in Iranian Population","authors":"A. Soltani, S. Mohaghegh","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2320","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The risk of transmission of COVID-19 infection significantly increases with mass gatherings during the pandemic. According to WHO recommendations, the decision to hold, modify, postpone, or cancel gatherings of any size during the COVID-19 pandemic should rely on a risk-based approach. WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 Risk Assessment tool-Generic Events, to the best of our knowledge, has not been translated into Persian and its reliability and validity have not been determined in the Iranian population.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 risk Assessment tool-Generic Events in the Iranian population.\u0000\u0000Methods: The content and face validity of the final Persian version of the WHO Mass Gathering COVID-19 Risk Assessment tool- Generic Event, Version 2 (10 July 2020) was confirmed by five experts and the WHO office in Tehran, Iran. Then, the tool was completed by 17 Iranian adults on two occasions at least two weeks after a hypothetical mass gathering event. The participants were mainly selected from the personnel of the Iranian red crescent society. All of them had a bachelor's or higher university degree in health sciences. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and related statistical tests (Pearson correlation coefficient).\u0000\u0000Results: Risk evaluation and risk mitigation questions of the Persian version of the tool had high reliability on two occasions at least two weeks after a hypothetical mass gathering event based on the Pearson correlation coefficient (r=0.81, P-value=0.03 for risk evaluation and r=0.75, P-value=0.04 for risk mitigation questions based on their final scores).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The Persian version of the tool can be used to classify the risk of mass gatherings for COVID-19 infection.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44716644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2439
Background: The health has turned into one of the most important issues in different societies; hence, the demand for health-medical services has increased. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate and use the experiences of the military health system of other countries regarding the organizational structures of their hospitals based on the World Bank Model. Methods: This study based on the model of Perker and Harding investigated and compared the organizational structure of military hospitals in nine countries, namely Germany, Brazil, Turkey, South Korea, South Africa, China, Pakistan, Italy, and Iran through semi-structured interviews. Results: The findings showed that in 18 interviews, 61% of the participants were specialist and subspecialist doctors, and the work experience of 39% of the participants was between 25 and 30 years. The World Bank Model (Preker and Harding), for hospital structure, considers five dimensions, including decision rights, market exposure, residual claims, accountability, and social functions. In the dimension of the decision-making right, the findings indicated the focus of this dimension in the studied countries. Facing the goods and supplies market in a country like South Korea is left to the hospital; however, in South Africa, it is centrally conducted by the Health and Medical Commander. In countries, like South Korea, Pakistan, China, and Iran, the residual claimant is propelled through the creation of committees or supervisory boards, while hospitals have some authority over their residual claimant. In the other studied countries, the authority of all residual claimants is with the highest level of military health and treatment sector of the relevant country. In countries, such as Germany, Italy, and South Korea, accountability towards stakeholders has become decentralized. The dimension of social functions is not considered among the duties of military hospitals; nevertheless, all the studied countries practically had a relatively active presence in the field of social functions and assistance. Conclusion: Given the importance of the health of the military community and the lack of available and published data and studies, it is necessary to make use of the experiences and learnings of this field by conducting studies on the military health system.
{"title":"Study of the Organizational Structure of Military Hospitals in Selected Countries of the World Based on the World Bank Model - a Qualitative Study","authors":"","doi":"10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ircmj.2023.25.2.2439","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The health has turned into one of the most important issues in different societies; hence, the demand for health-medical services has increased.\u0000\u0000Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate and use the experiences of the military health system of other countries regarding the organizational structures of their hospitals based on the World Bank Model. \u0000\u0000Methods: This study based on the model of Perker and Harding investigated and compared the organizational structure of military hospitals in nine countries, namely Germany, Brazil, Turkey, South Korea, South Africa, China, Pakistan, Italy, and Iran through semi-structured interviews.\u0000\u0000Results: The findings showed that in 18 interviews, 61% of the participants were specialist and subspecialist doctors, and the work experience of 39% of the participants was between 25 and 30 years. The World Bank Model (Preker and Harding), for hospital structure, considers five dimensions, including decision rights, market exposure, residual claims, accountability, and social functions. In the dimension of the decision-making right, the findings indicated the focus of this dimension in the studied countries. Facing the goods and supplies market in a country like South Korea is left to the hospital; however, in South Africa, it is centrally conducted by the Health and Medical Commander. In countries, like South Korea, Pakistan, China, and Iran, the residual claimant is propelled through the creation of committees or supervisory boards, while hospitals have some authority over their residual claimant. In the other studied countries, the authority of all residual claimants is with the highest level of military health and treatment sector of the relevant country. In countries, such as Germany, Italy, and South Korea, accountability towards stakeholders has become decentralized. The dimension of social functions is not considered among the duties of military hospitals; nevertheless, all the studied countries practically had a relatively active presence in the field of social functions and assistance.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Given the importance of the health of the military community and the lack of available and published data and studies, it is necessary to make use of the experiences and learnings of this field by conducting studies on the military health system.","PeriodicalId":48912,"journal":{"name":"Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46780974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：