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Preferences for and drivers of adult vaccination clinic site selection: A cross-sectional study in 30 provinces in China. 成人疫苗接种诊所选址的偏好和驱动因素:中国30个省份的横断面研究
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2442104
Yuxi Liu, Yanlin Cao, Yugang Li, Siyuan Liu, Yunshao Xu, Weizhong Yang, Luzhao Feng

Focusing on vaccines available to adults and not in the immunization schedule, this study investigates the preferences and factors influencing adults in selecting vaccination clinic locations. It aims to provide strategic insights for boosting vaccination rates by analyzing adults' decision-making factors. This contributes to developing more efficient, patient-focused vaccination strategies that tackle vaccine hesitancy and improve access to vaccination sites. We conducted a cross-sectional study through the "YueMiao" platform from November 1 to December 10, 2023, using convenience and purposive sampling to engage 2014 participants. We collected data via online surveys that included questions about sociodemographic characteristics, sources of vaccination clinic information, clinic satisfaction, and the impact of site selection on vaccination decisions. Our findings reveal that adults' site preferences for vaccination are influenced by gender, age, income, and vaccination history. Participants showed a strong preference for locations that offer convenience, efficiency, transparent pricing, and a comfortable environment. Analysis of service satisfaction at these clinics indicates that vaccinated individuals report higher satisfaction with appointment systems, wait times, and service hours than those unvaccinated. Furthermore, the preference for vaccination sites consistently aligns with the vaccine type, with a majority opting for community health service centers. Our results suggest that public health strategies should concentrate on enhancing site convenience, service quality, and information transparency to elevate adult vaccination rates. Future initiatives should aim to increase public trust in vaccines, improve the selection and quality of vaccination sites, and effectively utilize digital technology for spreading vaccination information.

本研究以成人可获得且不在免疫计划内的疫苗为研究对象,探讨成人在选择疫苗接种诊所地点时的偏好及影响因素。它旨在通过分析成年人的决策因素,为提高疫苗接种率提供战略见解。这有助于制定更有效、以患者为重点的疫苗接种战略,解决疫苗犹豫问题,改善疫苗接种地点的可及性。我们于2023年11月1日至12月10日通过“月妙”平台进行了横断面研究,采用方便和有目的的抽样方法,共招募了2014名参与者。我们通过在线调查收集数据,包括社会人口学特征、疫苗接种诊所信息来源、诊所满意度以及地点选择对疫苗接种决策的影响等问题。研究结果表明,成人对疫苗接种地点的偏好受性别、年龄、收入和疫苗接种史的影响。参与者对方便、高效、价格透明和环境舒适的地点表现出强烈的偏好。对这些诊所服务满意度的分析表明,接种疫苗的人对预约系统、等待时间和服务时间的满意度高于未接种疫苗的人。此外,对疫苗接种地点的偏好与疫苗类型一致,大多数人选择社区卫生服务中心。我们的研究结果表明,公共卫生策略应集中在提高站点便利性、服务质量和信息透明度上,以提高成人疫苗接种率。未来的举措应旨在提高公众对疫苗的信任,改善疫苗接种地点的选择和质量,并有效利用数字技术传播疫苗接种信息。
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引用次数: 0
Current status of immunisation for herpes zoster. 带状疱疹的免疫现状。
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2445384
Anthony Lawrence Cunningham, Kerrie Jane Sandgren, Janette Taylor

Herpes zoster (HZ) is increasingly common in the aging and is experienced by approximately one in three people in their lifetime. It is also relatively common in immune-compromised people. Acute HZ causes severe pain, reduced quality of life and severe complications, including prolonged pain, or postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), and ocular zoster, which may rarely progress to blindness. In severely immune-compromised people disseminated zoster may affect the brain and liver. A second-generation vaccine, the Recombinant Zoster Vaccine, consisting of recombinant viral glycoprotein E and the Adjuvant System 01 (AS01B), now offers >90% efficacy against HZ and associated complications in immune-competent people. Efficacy persists above 80% for 11 years. In severely immune-compromised patients, the vaccine is safe with efficacy and/or immunogenicity of 68-87%. There is also excellent immunogenicity for those on JAK inhibitors and corticosteroid therapy. The vaccine offers a paradigm for successful and durable immunization in the aging and immune-compromised.

带状疱疹(HZ)在老年人中越来越常见,大约三分之一的人在其一生中经历过。它在免疫功能低下的人群中也相对常见。急性HZ会导致剧烈疼痛、生活质量下降和严重并发症,包括持续疼痛、带状疱疹后神经痛(PHN)和眼部带状疱疹,后者很少会发展为失明。在免疫功能严重受损的人群中,播散性带状疱疹可影响大脑和肝脏。第二代疫苗,重组带状疱疹疫苗,由重组病毒糖蛋白E和佐剂系统01 (AS01B)组成,目前在免疫能力强的人群中对HZ和相关并发症的有效性为90%。疗效维持在80%以上11年。在严重免疫功能低下患者中,疫苗是安全的,有效性和/或免疫原性为68-87%。JAK抑制剂和皮质类固醇治疗也有很好的免疫原性。该疫苗为老龄和免疫功能低下人群的成功和持久免疫提供了范例。
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引用次数: 0
Hemostatic changes following COVID-19 vaccination: Do they promote a pro-thrombotic state? COVID-19疫苗接种后的止血变化:它们是否促进了促血栓状态?
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2439627
Tarinee Rungjirajittranon, Yupa Nakkinkun, Bundarika Suwanawiboon, Yingyong Chinthammitr, Weerapat Owattanapanich, Theera Ruchutrakool

Trial registration: TCTR20240812005.

试验注册:TCTR20240812005。
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引用次数: 0
The significance of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen in infection and clearance of hepatitis B virus. 乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体在乙型肝炎病毒感染和清除中的意义。
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2445283
Ling Ding, Jiaquan Huang, Shuaiwen Huang

One of the key features of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the inability to mount sufficient and coordinated adaptive immune responses against HBV. Recent studies on HBV-specific B cells and antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) have shed light on their role in the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Anti-HBs is recognized as a protective immune marker, both for HBV infection clearance and following vaccination, and it is also considered an important indicator of functional cure for CHB. Notably, functional impairment of HBV-specific B cells may be reversible. The restoration of HBV-specific B cell function, along with the induction of an anti-HBs antibody response, is regarded as pivotal for terminating chronic HBV infection and achieving functional cure. This article reviews the significance of anti-HBs in both the infection and clearance of HBV, and discusses the potential of neutralizing antibodies and therapeutic vaccines as promising future strategies.

慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染的主要特征之一是无法对HBV产生充分和协调的适应性免疫反应。最近对hbv特异性B细胞和乙型肝炎表面抗原抗体(anti-HBs)的研究揭示了它们在慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)发病机制中的作用。Anti-HBs被认为是HBV感染清除和接种后的保护性免疫标记物,也被认为是CHB功能性治愈的重要指标。值得注意的是,hbv特异性B细胞的功能损伤可能是可逆的。HBV特异性B细胞功能的恢复,以及抗HBV抗体反应的诱导,被认为是终止慢性HBV感染和实现功能性治愈的关键。本文综述了抗乙型肝炎病毒在乙型肝炎病毒感染和清除中的意义,并讨论了中和抗体和治疗性疫苗作为未来有希望的策略的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Global research progress in antibody-drug conjugates for solid tumors: Bibliometrics and visualized analysis.
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2472493
Wenjun Fang, Xueqing Ma, Ben Liu

Recently, the use of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in the research and management of solid tumors has increased, making them a key focus in the field of oncology. In this study, we performed a comprehensive literature review of ADCs use in solid tumor treatment. We retrieved data from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). Following literature retrieval, we conducted a thorough bibliometric and knowledge-mapping analysis of the collected articles. There was a rapid growth in the number of annual publications in this field. The United States had the highest publication volumes and led ADC research for solid tumors. Additionally, The Dana-Farber Cancer Institute had the highest output, and G. Curigliano was identified as the most productive author. The journal "Cancers" led in the publishing of ADC research on solid tumors. Furthermore, key clustering terms such as "breast cancer," "targeted therapy," "bladder cancer," "ovarian cancer," "expression," and "drug delivery" emerged in this field as the research progressed. We identified six key themes by literature co-citation analysis, involving the research on the application of four ADCs in breast cancer, as well as the analysis of ADCs design, mechanisms, and strategies for reducing cytotoxicity. At the same time, based on the analysis of papers that have experienced a citation burst recently, we explored the future development trends of this field. Overall, our inaugural bibliometric analysis of ADCs for solid tumor research provides a systematic framework to guide future studies in this field. Therefore, facilitating and promoting further development in this area.

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引用次数: 0
Factors associated with CIN2-3 recurrence: A single center retrospective analysis.
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2469410
Zhuo-Yi Li, Kai Wang, Xiao-Ling Shen, Qing Li

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, grade 2-3 (CIN2-3), classified as histologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), is associated with a higher recurrence rate and an increased risk of developing cervical cancer. The predictive and influencing factors for CIN2+ relapse are still uncertain and controversial. This study aims to further clarify the risk factors of CIN 2-3 recurrence. The retrospective cohort study enrolled 142 patients with CIN 2-3, aged between 20 to 60 years, all of whom received treatments to remove the lesions. All patients were followed for at least two years to assess outcomes. The primary outcome indicators were high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) status and cervical lesions status within two years after treatment. Fisher's exact test or Pearson's chi-squared test and the Kruskal-Wallis (K-W/H) test were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify independent risk factors, and the results were presented using a forest plot. The study found no significant differences in basic characteristics and HR-HPV status, except for parity (p = .020). HPV genotype before treatment and margin status were significantly associated with cervical lesion status after treatment, with P-values of 0.003 and 0.031, respectively. Cytology before treatment and HPV vaccination were independent factors influencing cervical lesions status two years after treatment, with odds ratios (OR) of 0.634 (95% CI: 0.443-0.908) and 0.340 (95% CI: 0.121-0.952), respectively. This study is the first to report independent factors influencing CIN 2-3 recurrence and underscores the importance of considering adjuvant HPV vaccination for women with cervical preinvasive disease.

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引用次数: 0
Development and validation of the Oxford Benchmark Scale for Rating Vaccine Technologies (OBSRVT), a scale for assessing public attitudes to next-generation vaccine delivery technologies.
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2469994
Jonathan Kantor, Robert C Carlisle, Samantha Vanderslott, Andrew J Pollard, Michael Morrison

Next-generation vaccine delivery technologies may provide significant gains from both a technical and behavioral standpoint, but no scale has yet been developed to assess public attitudes to novel vaccine delivery technologies. We therefore performed a cross-sectional validation study that included 1,001 demographically representative participants from the UK and US to develop and validate a novel scale, the Oxford Benchmark Scale for Rating Vaccine Technologies (OBSRVT). A sample of 500 UK participants was used to perform exploratory factor analysis with categorical variables (using a polychoric correlation matrix) followed by promax oblique factor rotation to develop the initial model. This yielded a 15-item 4-domain scale with domains including acceptance (6 items), effectiveness (4 items), comfort (3 items), and convenience (2 items). This model was tested for robustness on a 501-participant demographically representative sample from the US. A confirmatory factor analysis with a Satorra-Bentler scaled test statistic was performed, which demonstrated adequate goodness of fit statistics including the root mean squared error of approximation (0.057), standardized root mean squared residual (0.053), and comparative fit index (0.938). Reliability as internal consistency was excellent (alpha = 0.92). Convergent validity with the Oxford Needle Experience Scale was supported by an adequate correlation (r = 0.31, p < .0001), while discriminant validity was supported by a lack of correlation with an unrelated question (r = -0.03, p < .0001). These findings suggest that the OBSRVT scale represents a feasible, valid, and reliable scale that could be used to gauge the acceptability of existing and future vaccine delivery technologies, and further investigation and testing should be considered.

从技术和行为的角度来看,新一代疫苗输送技术可能会带来巨大的收益,但目前还没有开发出一种量表来评估公众对新型疫苗输送技术的态度。因此,我们开展了一项横断面验证研究,纳入了来自英国和美国的 1001 名具有人口统计学代表性的参与者,以开发和验证一种新型量表--牛津疫苗技术评级基准量表 (OBSRVT)。我们使用 500 名英国参与者的样本对分类变量(使用多变量相关矩阵)进行探索性因子分析,然后使用 promax 斜因子旋转法建立初始模型。分析得出了一个 15 个项目的 4 领域量表,包括接受度(6 个项目)、有效性(4 个项目)、舒适度(3 个项目)和便利性(2 个项目)。该模型在美国 501 个具有人口统计学代表性的样本中进行了稳健性测试。使用 Satorra-Bentler 标度测试统计量进行了确认性因子分析,结果显示了充分的拟合优度统计量,包括均方根近似误差(0.057)、标准化均方根残差(0.053)和比较拟合指数(0.938)。内部一致性的可靠性极佳(α = 0.92)。与牛津针刺体验量表之间存在充分的相关性(r = 0.31,p r = -0.03,p r = -0.03,p r = -0.03),从而支持了与牛津针刺体验量表的收敛有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Surveillance on the coverage of herpes zoster vaccine and post-marketing adverse events in Jiangsu province, China. 江苏省带状疱疹疫苗覆盖率及上市后不良事件监测
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2449714
Xiang Sun, Lei Zhang, Tingting Zhang, Jinning Sun, Yan Xu, Li Liu, Yuan Bao Liu, Ran Hu, YaLi Fu, Zhiguo Wang, Hui Sun

To analyze the coverage rate of adult herpes zoster (HZ) vaccine and the incidence of Adverse event following immunization (AEFI) in Jiangsu province, China. The vaccination information of HZ vaccine in people aged 50 years and above in Jiangsu province in 2023 and the AEFI information of HZ vaccine from 2020 to 2023 were collected through the Jiangsu Province vaccination management information system and China AEFI information management system, and the vaccination rate and AEFI incidence of HZ vaccine were analyzed. The overall vaccination rate among individuals aged 50 years and above was merely 0.19%. About 20% of vaccinated individuals (12,821 people) received only the first dose, failing to complete the recommended two-dose regimen. A total of 43 and 217 cases of AEFIs following vaccination were reported after administration of the HZ vaccine during the periods of 2020-2021 and 2022-2023, respectively, resulting in reporting rates (RRs) of 240.7 and 201.2 per 100,000 doses, correspondingly. The majority of AEFIs following vaccination with HZ vaccines were common reactions, while rare reactions and coincidental events accounted for only 1.5% and 0.4% of cases, respectively. Over 55% of AEFIs occurred within 30 minutes post-vaccination , with fever, allergic eruptions, and drowsiness being the most reported systemic symptoms, and redness and induration being the main symptoms at the injection site. Despite the proven safety profile of the HZ vaccine, its coverage remains significantly low among individuals aged 50 years and above in Jiangsu Province, China as of 2023. The majority of AEFIs were mild and commonly observed. To enhance the comprehensiveness of post-marketing safety data, it is imperative to conduct further active surveillance studies.

目的分析江苏省成人带状疱疹(HZ)疫苗接种率及免疫后不良事件(AEFI)发生率。通过江苏省预防接种管理信息系统和中国AEFI信息管理系统,收集江苏省2023年50岁及以上人群HZ疫苗接种信息和2020 - 2023年HZ疫苗AEFI信息,分析HZ疫苗接种率和AEFI发生率。50岁及以上人群的总接种率仅为0.19%。约20%的接种者(12,821人)只接种了第一剂,未能完成推荐的两剂方案。在2020-2021年和2022-2023年期间,接种HZ疫苗后分别报告了43例和217例aefi,报告率分别为每10万剂240.7例和201.2例。接种HZ疫苗后的aefi大多数为常见反应,罕见反应和巧合事件分别仅占病例的1.5%和0.4%。超过55%的aefi发生在接种疫苗后30分钟内,发烧、过敏性皮疹和嗜睡是报告最多的全身症状,而注射部位的红肿和硬化是主要症状。尽管HZ疫苗的安全性已得到证实,但截至2023年,其在中国江苏省50岁及以上人群中的覆盖率仍然很低。大多数急性脑梗塞是轻微的,是常见的。为了提高上市后安全性数据的全面性,有必要进行进一步的主动监测研究。
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引用次数: 0
Safety and immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S in adolescents: Phase 2 randomized clinical trial.
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-27 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2450120
Jelena Tica, Veronica V Rezelj, Benoit Baron, Vitalija van Paassen, Javier Zaidman, Lee Fairlie, Gert Scheper, Mathieu Le Gars, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih, Javier Ruiz-Guiñazú

We conducted a randomized, Phase 2 trial to assess the safety and humoral immunogenicity of reduced doses/dose volume of the standard dose of Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine (5 × 1010 viral particles [vp]) in healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Ad26.COV2.S at reduced dose levels of 0.625 × 1010 (0.5 mL), 1.25 × 1010 (0.5 mL) or 2.5 × 1010 (0.5 mL or low volume 0.25 mL) vp in a 1- or 2-dose (56-day interval) primary schedule. Adolescents who received a 1-dose primary schedule received a 2.5 × 1010 vp booster dose 6 months later. Safety and humoral immunogenicity were assessed up to 6 months post-last vaccination. All regimens were well tolerated, with no safety concerns identified. Local and systemic solicited AEs in adolescents were consistent with the known safety profile in adults. All 1- and 2-dose Ad26.COV2.S primary schedules elicited robust peak Spike-binding antibody responses and virus neutralizing titers against the reference strain, in participants with and without preexisting SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Immune responses were durable for at least 6 months. Spike-binding antibody responses were comparable to those elicited in young adults aged 18-25 years who received a standard dose of Ad26.COV2.S in Phase 3 efficacy studies Reduced doses/dose volume of Ad26.COV2.S had an acceptable safety profile and elicited robust humoral immune responses in adolescents aged 12-17 years. All 1- and 2-dose schedules elicited Spike-binding antibody responses that were comparable to an adult population in whom efficacy has been demonstrated using a higher vaccine dose. (clinicaltrials.gov NCT05007080).

{"title":"Safety and immunogenicity of Ad26.COV2.S in adolescents: Phase 2 randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Jelena Tica, Veronica V Rezelj, Benoit Baron, Vitalija van Paassen, Javier Zaidman, Lee Fairlie, Gert Scheper, Mathieu Le Gars, Frank Struyf, Macaya Douoguih, Javier Ruiz-Guiñazú","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2025.2450120","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2025.2450120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We conducted a randomized, Phase 2 trial to assess the safety and humoral immunogenicity of reduced doses/dose volume of the standard dose of Ad26.COV2.S COVID-19 vaccine (5 × 10<sup>10</sup> viral particles [vp]) in healthy adolescents aged 12-17 years. Participants were randomly assigned to receive Ad26.COV2.S at reduced dose levels of 0.625 × 10<sup>10</sup> (0.5 mL), 1.25 × 10<sup>10</sup> (0.5 mL) or 2.5 × 10<sup>10</sup> (0.5 mL or low volume 0.25 mL) vp in a 1- or 2-dose (56-day interval) primary schedule. Adolescents who received a 1-dose primary schedule received a 2.5 × 10<sup>10</sup> vp booster dose 6 months later. Safety and humoral immunogenicity were assessed up to 6 months post-last vaccination. All regimens were well tolerated, with no safety concerns identified. Local and systemic solicited AEs in adolescents were consistent with the known safety profile in adults. All 1- and 2-dose Ad26.COV2.S primary schedules elicited robust peak Spike-binding antibody responses and virus neutralizing titers against the reference strain, in participants with and without preexisting SARS-CoV-2 immunity. Immune responses were durable for at least 6 months. Spike-binding antibody responses were comparable to those elicited in young adults aged 18-25 years who received a standard dose of Ad26.COV2.S in Phase 3 efficacy studies Reduced doses/dose volume of Ad26.COV2.S had an acceptable safety profile and elicited robust humoral immune responses in adolescents aged 12-17 years. All 1- and 2-dose schedules elicited Spike-binding antibody responses that were comparable to an adult population in whom efficacy has been demonstrated using a higher vaccine dose. (clinicaltrials.gov NCT05007080).</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":"2450120"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11776467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pneumococcal vaccines in China.
IF 4.1 4区 医学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-30 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2460274
Shanshan Wang, Bin Li, Qiong Chen, Chune Wang, Bin Wang, Qiang Ye, Yinghua Xu

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a serious global public health problem and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adults in China. Thus, developing and administering pneumococcal vaccines are important for disease prevention. The PPV23 and PCV13 vaccines are available in the Chinese market and are primarily produced by domestic manufacturers. The potential risk of increased IPD caused by non-vaccine serotypes should be considered. Here, we review the current status of IPD, pneumococcal vaccines, and their quality control in China. We also address the challenges and future directions for making progress in controlling IPD, emphasizing the need for further evaluation of the disease burden and monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination efforts.

{"title":"Pneumococcal vaccines in China.","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Bin Li, Qiong Chen, Chune Wang, Bin Wang, Qiang Ye, Yinghua Xu","doi":"10.1080/21645515.2025.2460274","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21645515.2025.2460274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is a serious global public health problem and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in children and adults in China. Thus, developing and administering pneumococcal vaccines are important for disease prevention. The PPV23 and PCV13 vaccines are available in the Chinese market and are primarily produced by domestic manufacturers. The potential risk of increased IPD caused by non-vaccine serotypes should be considered. Here, we review the current status of IPD, pneumococcal vaccines, and their quality control in China. We also address the challenges and future directions for making progress in controlling IPD, emphasizing the need for further evaluation of the disease burden and monitoring the effectiveness of vaccination efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":49067,"journal":{"name":"Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics","volume":"21 1","pages":"2460274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11784646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143068937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
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