Nassima Chebel, Djamel Nettour, Mohamed Chettibi, Rachid Chaib, H. Khoshdast, Ahmad Hassanzadeh
Demand for iron ore worldwide has been steadily increasing which leads to the extraction of iron ore deposits with more complex mineralogies and higher levels of silicon and phosphorus impurities. This is the case in Algeria with the iron ore deposit of Gara Djebilet, Tindouf; where it has recently been exploited to ensure the sufficiency of iron ore required to produce iron and steel products. This deposit has remained unexploited for several decades due to inadequate knowledge of its mineralogy, treatment, and economic assessments. The aim of this study is to find out the microstructure, chemical composition, and mineralogical distribution of valuable minerals and impurities, to understand the efficient processing methods for this specific iron ore. The characterization of representative ironstone samples taken from the studied area was carried out using optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), petrographic microscope, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results of the mineralogical analyses confirmed that it is an oolitic fine-grained ore consisting of gangue minerals principally composed of quartz, apatite, and iron-rich concentric cored structures. Chemical analyses of the ore indicate that it contains 56.58 wt% Fe with 7.98 wt% SiO2, 7.09 wt% Al2O3, and minor amounts of P2O5, CaO, MgO, and TiO2 compounds. The phosphorus associated was present in both ooids and groundmass, indicating that the ore has a complex texture with very rich and diverse mineralogy. For that, two potential scenarios were proposed for processing of the studied iron ore.
{"title":"Studying on mineralogical and petrological characteristics of Gara Djebilet oolitic iron ore, Tindouf (Algeria)","authors":"Nassima Chebel, Djamel Nettour, Mohamed Chettibi, Rachid Chaib, H. Khoshdast, Ahmad Hassanzadeh","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/178382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/178382","url":null,"abstract":"Demand for iron ore worldwide has been steadily increasing which leads to the extraction of iron ore deposits with more complex mineralogies and higher levels of silicon and phosphorus impurities. This is the case in Algeria with the iron ore deposit of Gara Djebilet, Tindouf; where it has recently been exploited to ensure the sufficiency of iron ore required to produce iron and steel products. This deposit has remained unexploited for several decades due to inadequate knowledge of its mineralogy, treatment, and economic assessments. \u0000The aim of this study is to find out the microstructure, chemical composition, and mineralogical distribution of valuable minerals and impurities, to understand the efficient processing methods for this specific iron ore. The characterization of representative ironstone samples taken from the studied area was carried out using optical microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF), petrographic microscope, X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS).\u0000The results of the mineralogical analyses confirmed that it is an oolitic fine-grained ore consisting of gangue minerals principally composed of quartz, apatite, and iron-rich concentric cored structures. Chemical analyses of the ore indicate that it contains 56.58 wt% Fe with 7.98 wt% SiO2, 7.09 wt% Al2O3, and minor amounts of P2O5, CaO, MgO, and TiO2 compounds. The phosphorus associated was present in both ooids and groundmass, indicating that the ore has a complex texture with very rich and diverse mineralogy. For that, two potential scenarios were proposed for processing of the studied iron ore.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"45 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139442294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisca Orellana, Marcelo Rivera, Matías Benítez, Karyn Belmonte, L. Vinnett
This paper studies size-by-size batch flotation kinetics for the separation of Cu at particle sizes +75 μm, investigating the responses in the -150/+75 μm, -212/+150 μm, -300/+212 μm, -355/+300 μm and +355 μm size fractions. The kinetic results were analyzed to identify classes limited by the maximum achievable recovery or low flotation rates. Combinations of these classes were investigated, emulating the selection of the coarsest size in a kinetic study. The impact of compositing size classes was discussed, emphasizing implications in the identification of difficult-to-float components. The -212/+75 μm classes reached steady recoveries at long flotation times, whereas the -355/+212 μm classes presented sustained increasing recoveries at extended flotation times. Flotation rate distributions in the -212/+75 μm classes exhibited mound-shaped distributions, indicating low fractions of rate constants close to zero (R∞-limited case). Conversely, the -355/+212 μm classes presented reverse J-shaped distributions, with a high fraction of valuable minerals with flotation rates close to zero (rate-limited case). Combining several size classes in the definition of the coarsest size fraction in kinetic characterizations proved to hide the flotation patterns of the less massive constituents (+212 μm classes). The +75 μm and +150 μm cumulative retained classes trended towards steady recoveries, consistently leading to mounded flotation rate distributions. This study highlighted the need for reliable methodologies to select size fractions in kinetic characterizations, as their arbitrary definitions may lead to a misinterpretation of the mineral losses when compositing classes with different flotation responses.
{"title":"On the selection of the coarsest size class in flotation rate characterizations","authors":"Francisca Orellana, Marcelo Rivera, Matías Benítez, Karyn Belmonte, L. Vinnett","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176950","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies size-by-size batch flotation kinetics for the separation of Cu at particle sizes +75 μm, investigating the responses in the -150/+75 μm, -212/+150 μm, -300/+212 μm, -355/+300 μm and +355 μm size fractions. The kinetic results were analyzed to identify classes limited by the maximum achievable recovery or low flotation rates. Combinations of these classes were investigated, emulating the selection of the coarsest size in a kinetic study. The impact of compositing size classes was discussed, emphasizing implications in the identification of difficult-to-float components. The -212/+75 μm classes reached steady recoveries at long flotation times, whereas the -355/+212 μm classes presented sustained increasing recoveries at extended flotation times. Flotation rate distributions in the -212/+75 μm classes exhibited mound-shaped distributions, indicating low fractions of rate constants close to zero (R∞-limited case). Conversely, the -355/+212 μm classes presented reverse J-shaped distributions, with a high fraction of valuable minerals with flotation rates close to zero (rate-limited case). Combining several size classes in the definition of the coarsest size fraction in kinetic characterizations proved to hide the flotation patterns of the less massive constituents (+212 μm classes). The +75 μm and +150 μm cumulative retained classes trended towards steady recoveries, consistently leading to mounded flotation rate distributions. This study highlighted the need for reliable methodologies to select size fractions in kinetic characterizations, as their arbitrary definitions may lead to a misinterpretation of the mineral losses when compositing classes with different flotation responses.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"54 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For several years, mining waste has shown a negative impact on both the environment and human health. The mining industry remains the backbone of the economic growth. Different technologies have been implemented to beneficiate and recover platinum group metals from tailings. The recycling of tailings has been a point of research interest due to their extensive applications. Flotation has been the primary process of upgrading and recovering PGMs. The focus of this study was to optimize flotation conditions in the beneficiation of PGMs for particular small-scale mine tailings. This was done to obtain the most favourable conditions for the small-scale mine tailings to improve operating conditions of specific particle sizes. PGMs tailings obtained from a small-scale mine were characterized using XRD, XRF, SEM/EDS, and ICP – OES to understand the properties of the tailings prior to mineral processing. Flotation batch tests were conducted. The results showed that the chosen particle size was 75 µm, and the favorable reagent dosages were 150 g/Mg and 100 g/Mg for SIBX (collector) and Starch(depressant), respectively. At favourable conditions, the recovery was 65.75% (Pt = 70.38%, Pd = 59.33%, Ru = 34.56%), and the grade was 31.46 g/Mg (Pt = 21.43 g/Mg, Pd = 9.62 g/Mg, Ru = 0.41 g/Mg). It can be concluded that all the flotation parameters are related; lower particle sizes yield high recoveries and better grades due to the exposure of the particle surface to the reagents responsible for the flotation of the PGMs. It was observed that the high collector dosages produce high recoveries with low grades of PGMs. High depressant dosages produce low recoveries with high grades of PGMs. The relationship between the collector and the depressant is of essential importance in the flotation process.
{"title":"Optimization of flotation conditions in the beneficiation of PGMs tailings","authors":"Daphney Hlotse, Richard Mbaya, M. Shongwe","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176859","url":null,"abstract":"For several years, mining waste has shown a negative impact on both the environment and human health. The mining industry remains the backbone of the economic growth. Different technologies have been implemented to beneficiate and recover platinum group metals from tailings. The recycling of tailings has been a point of research interest due to their extensive applications. Flotation has been the primary process of upgrading and recovering PGMs. The focus of this study was to optimize flotation conditions in the beneficiation of PGMs for particular small-scale mine tailings. This was done to obtain the most favourable conditions for the small-scale mine tailings to improve operating conditions of specific particle sizes. PGMs tailings obtained from a small-scale mine were characterized using XRD, XRF, SEM/EDS, and ICP – OES to understand the properties of the tailings prior to mineral processing. Flotation batch tests were conducted. The results showed that the chosen particle size was 75 µm, and the favorable reagent dosages were 150 g/Mg and 100 g/Mg for SIBX (collector) and Starch(depressant), respectively. At favourable conditions, the recovery was 65.75% (Pt = 70.38%, Pd = 59.33%, Ru = 34.56%), and the grade was 31.46 g/Mg (Pt = 21.43 g/Mg, Pd = 9.62 g/Mg, Ru = 0.41 g/Mg). It can be concluded that all the flotation parameters are related; lower particle sizes yield high recoveries and better grades due to the exposure of the particle surface to the reagents responsible for the flotation of the PGMs. It was observed that the high collector dosages produce high recoveries with low grades of PGMs. High depressant dosages produce low recoveries with high grades of PGMs. The relationship between the collector and the depressant is of essential importance in the flotation process.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138968021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The demand for feldspar as a raw material for various industrial applications continuously increases. Feldspar is a primary raw material in manufacturing ceramics, glass, fillers, welding electrodes, and enamel. Feldspar is often associated with iron oxide, which decreases its economic value and hinders its industrial application. The present work aimed at reducing iron oxide content in Egyptian feldspar ore from the Wadi Zerabi locality. Ball milling was used for preparing feldspar feed of size -250+45µm. Carpco dry high-intensity magnetic separation followed by acid leaching processes were carried out in order to decrease the iron contamination and increase the feldspar content. A Box-Behnken statistical design was used to optimize the magnetic separation results. From a feldspar feed containing 1.40% Fe2O3, a non-magnetic concentrate of 0.25% Fe2O3 was obtained. The Fe2O3 removal reached up to 82% with a high yield as the % weight of non-magnetic feldspar reached up to 97.5%. The leaching process further reduced the iron oxide content down to 0.19 %. Also, the feldspar whiteness was improved from 65.17% in the original ore to 85.60% in the leached product.
{"title":"Optimizing the removal of iron oxide from Egyptian feldspar ore","authors":"K. Yassin, A. Elbendari, El-Sayed Hassan","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176420","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for feldspar as a raw material for various industrial applications continuously increases. Feldspar is a primary raw material in manufacturing ceramics, glass, fillers, welding electrodes, and enamel. Feldspar is often associated with iron oxide, which decreases its economic value and hinders its industrial application. The present work aimed at reducing iron oxide content in Egyptian feldspar ore from the Wadi Zerabi locality. Ball milling was used for preparing feldspar feed of size -250+45µm. Carpco dry high-intensity magnetic separation followed by acid leaching processes were carried out in order to decrease the iron contamination and increase the feldspar content. A Box-Behnken statistical design was used to optimize the magnetic separation results. From a feldspar feed containing 1.40% Fe2O3, a non-magnetic concentrate of 0.25% Fe2O3 was obtained. The Fe2O3 removal reached up to 82% with a high yield as the % weight of non-magnetic feldspar reached up to 97.5%. The leaching process further reduced the iron oxide content down to 0.19 %. Also, the feldspar whiteness was improved from 65.17% in the original ore to 85.60% in the leached product.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yang Bai, Mengxu Xu, Weixiang Wen, Shifei Zhu, Weichen Mo, Pingke Yan
Surface tension measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to explore the flotation foam properties and self-aggregation behaviors of dodecylamine (DDA)/octanol (OCT) mixtures formed with different mole ratios at the air/liquid interface. Based on the surface and thermodynamic parameters, the DDA/OCT mixtures exhibited greater interfacial activities and adsorption capacities than their individual components. The MD simulations showed that DDA and OCT were aggregated through hydrogen bonding, coulombic forces and hydrophobic association. OCT was inserted into the DDA adsorption layer, causing the alkyl chains of both DDA and OCT to extend from water to air at varying heights and angles. The addition of OCT improved the hydration of the amino groups and reduced the overall number of hydrogen bonds. The stability of the flotation foam decreased, and the high viscosity and difficult defoaming of the DDA flotation foam were significantly improved. When the DDA/OCT mole ratio was 2:1, the included angle formed between the alkyl chains and the interface was maximized, leading to enhanced compatibility among the alkyl chains, and the hydrogen bond energy was relatively large, which showed a strong synergistic effect. The MD simulation findings were consistent with the results obtained from the lepidolite flotation and surface tension experiments conducted in this study; our results could provide a theoretical foundation for the selection of superior mixed collectors and frothers.
{"title":"Synergistic mechanism of dodecylamine/octanol mixtures enhancing lepidolite flotation from the self-aggregation behaviors at the air/liquid interface","authors":"Yang Bai, Mengxu Xu, Weixiang Wen, Shifei Zhu, Weichen Mo, Pingke Yan","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176510","url":null,"abstract":"Surface tension measurements and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to explore the flotation foam properties and self-aggregation behaviors of dodecylamine (DDA)/octanol (OCT) mixtures formed with different mole ratios at the air/liquid interface. Based on the surface and thermodynamic parameters, the DDA/OCT mixtures exhibited greater interfacial activities and adsorption capacities than their individual components. The MD simulations showed that DDA and OCT were aggregated through hydrogen bonding, coulombic forces and hydrophobic association. OCT was inserted into the DDA adsorption layer, causing the alkyl chains of both DDA and OCT to extend from water to air at varying heights and angles. The addition of OCT improved the hydration of the amino groups and reduced the overall number of hydrogen bonds. The stability of the flotation foam decreased, and the high viscosity and difficult defoaming of the DDA flotation foam were significantly improved. When the DDA/OCT mole ratio was 2:1, the included angle formed between the alkyl chains and the interface was maximized, leading to enhanced compatibility among the alkyl chains, and the hydrogen bond energy was relatively large, which showed a strong synergistic effect. The MD simulation findings were consistent with the results obtained from the lepidolite flotation and surface tension experiments conducted in this study; our results could provide a theoretical foundation for the selection of superior mixed collectors and frothers.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Forest waste is a significant ecological and economic problem, requiring effective solutions that will not only reduce its quantity but also contribute to the protection of the natural environment. This research paper focuses on the use of sawdust from mixed trees, as one of the main forest wastes, for production of biochars characterized by adsorption properties. Sawdust, a by-product of the wood industry, has a porous structure, which makes it an attractive precursor to biochar. Using pyrolysis technology and hydrothermal activation under various conditions, sawdust was transformed into biochars with a developed specific surface area. The studies proved that the parameters of the pyrolysis process have a significant impact on the structural, surface and adsorption properties of biochars. The materials were characterized based on the results of N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy SEM/EDS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The surface characterization was made using the Boehm titration and pHpzc determination. The sorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) was studied. It was stated, that the obtained materials were characterized by a large specific surface area (227.5 – 1019 m2/g), the micro/mesoporous structure and the large pores volume (0.106 – 0.784 cm3/g). The surface oxygen functionalities allowed for large adsorption of MB. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir theory (qm,cal from 357.1 to 434.8 mg/g) and can be described using the kinetic pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.99). The obtained biochars showed high adsorption capacity of methylene blue impurities which indicates their significant potential for use in water purification.
{"title":"Biochars from wood biomass as effective methylene blue adsorbents","authors":"B. Charmas, Barbara Wawrzaszek, K. Jedynak","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176509","url":null,"abstract":"Forest waste is a significant ecological and economic problem, requiring effective solutions that will not only reduce its quantity but also contribute to the protection of the natural environment. This research paper focuses on the use of sawdust from mixed trees, as one of the main forest wastes, for production of biochars characterized by adsorption properties. Sawdust, a by-product of the wood industry, has a porous structure, which makes it an attractive precursor to biochar. Using pyrolysis technology and hydrothermal activation under various conditions, sawdust was transformed into biochars with a developed specific surface area. The studies proved that the parameters of the pyrolysis process have a significant impact on the structural, surface and adsorption properties of biochars. The materials were characterized based on the results of N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy SEM/EDS, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The surface characterization was made using the Boehm titration and pHpzc determination. The sorption capacity of methylene blue (MB) was studied. It was stated, that the obtained materials were characterized by a large specific surface area (227.5 – 1019 m2/g), the micro/mesoporous structure and the large pores volume (0.106 – 0.784 cm3/g). The surface oxygen functionalities allowed for large adsorption of MB. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir theory (qm,cal from 357.1 to 434.8 mg/g) and can be described using the kinetic pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.99). The obtained biochars showed high adsorption capacity of methylene blue impurities which indicates their significant potential for use in water purification.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Permeability reduction is a major challenge in heap leaching, primarily caused by the accumulation of fines that move with the leaching agent, leading to the formation of dead zones and channeling within the heap. In the Aria copper beneficiation plant, the 0–2 mm fraction with a copper grade of 1.4% undergoes pre-separation prior to heap loading without further processing. This study investigated the potential of using the agglomeration method to improve permeability in the case of using the 0–2 mm fraction of ore. Mineral compounds, such as sodium silicate and calcium sulfate, and non-ionic, cationic, and anionic polymer compounds, were used in the agglomeration process. The strength of interparticle bonding was evaluated by measuring the fine migration percentage (FMP) in the soak test. The results revealed that agglomerates produced using non-ionic compounds had the highest bonding strength, with an FMP of 3.89%, the lowest of all the compounds tested. This enhanced bonding strength was attributed to the combined influence of hydrogen bonding forces and van der Waals forces.
{"title":"Utilization of polymeric binders to agglomerate oxidized copper ore","authors":"Mohammad Hasan Golpayegani, Kimia Kiaei","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176682","url":null,"abstract":"Permeability reduction is a major challenge in heap leaching, primarily caused by the accumulation of fines that move with the leaching agent, leading to the formation of dead zones and channeling within the heap. In the Aria copper beneficiation plant, the 0–2 mm fraction with a copper grade of 1.4% undergoes pre-separation prior to heap loading without further processing. This study investigated the potential of using the agglomeration method to improve permeability in the case of using the 0–2 mm fraction of ore. Mineral compounds, such as sodium silicate and calcium sulfate, and non-ionic, cationic, and anionic polymer compounds, were used in the agglomeration process. The strength of interparticle bonding was evaluated by measuring the fine migration percentage (FMP) in the soak test. The results revealed that agglomerates produced using non-ionic compounds had the highest bonding strength, with an FMP of 3.89%, the lowest of all the compounds tested. This enhanced bonding strength was attributed to the combined influence of hydrogen bonding forces and van der Waals forces.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"7 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138585817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hydrocarbon contamination in the environment represents a significant challenge. Soil remediation by flotation has been proposed as an effective approach to address this issue. This method entails the separation of hydrophobic compounds, such as soil hydrocarbons, by introducing air into a stirred reactor containing the soil pulp designated for remediation. Experiments were conducted using a 5 L Batch flotation cell to evaluate operating conditions. These experiments focused on obtaining flotation kinetics with different organic mixtures, including fine sands measuring under 150 µm. The experimental design encompassed airflow, hydrocarbon concentration, and surfactant dosage. The research utilized a diluted pulp (3% solids) with a high organic concentration (8 and 17 g/L). Flotation kinetics were measured by developing an innovative technique based on pulp colour and image processing software. This technique facilitated the tracking of concentration changes over time under Beer-Lambert's Law. Subsequently, the results were adjusted using kinetic models commonly employed in mineral flotation, including the First Order, Kelsall, and Klimpel models. This comprehensive analysis sought to elucidate the underlying phenomenology and assess the potential for industrial-scale implementation. The laboratory findings indicate the possibility of achieving recoveries of up to 86.9%, with a first-order kinetic constant of 0.73 (1/min). It is noteworthy that both the gas flow rate and the addition of surfactant exert substantial influence on this constant, consistent with the observed phenomenology of this study. Additionally, the research unveiled the impact of hydrocarbon concentration on kinetics, suggesting an additional mechanism governing hydrocarbon transport.
{"title":"Flotation kinetic tracking of sand contaminated with hydrocarbons: image analysis of pulp color changes in time","authors":"Claudio Andrés leiva, Claudio Acuña, José Humire","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176307","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrocarbon contamination in the environment represents a significant challenge. Soil remediation by flotation has been proposed as an effective approach to address this issue. This method entails the separation of hydrophobic compounds, such as soil hydrocarbons, by introducing air into a stirred reactor containing the soil pulp designated for remediation.\u0000\u0000Experiments were conducted using a 5 L Batch flotation cell to evaluate operating conditions. These experiments focused on obtaining flotation kinetics with different organic mixtures, including fine sands measuring under 150 µm. The experimental design encompassed airflow, hydrocarbon concentration, and surfactant dosage. The research utilized a diluted pulp (3% solids) with a high organic concentration (8 and 17 g/L).\u0000\u0000Flotation kinetics were measured by developing an innovative technique based on pulp colour and image processing software. This technique facilitated the tracking of concentration changes over time under Beer-Lambert's Law. Subsequently, the results were adjusted using kinetic models commonly employed in mineral flotation, including the First Order, Kelsall, and Klimpel models. This comprehensive analysis sought to elucidate the underlying phenomenology and assess the potential for industrial-scale implementation.\u0000\u0000The laboratory findings indicate the possibility of achieving recoveries of up to 86.9%, with a first-order kinetic constant of 0.73 (1/min). It is noteworthy that both the gas flow rate and the addition of surfactant exert substantial influence on this constant, consistent with the observed phenomenology of this study. Additionally, the research unveiled the impact of hydrocarbon concentration on kinetics, suggesting an additional mechanism governing hydrocarbon transport.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"92 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138586620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flotation of copper-bearing shale in aqueous solutions of NaCl at their different pH values was investigated. The tests were carried out in a laboratory flotation machine. The pH range was between 5 and 10 while NaCl concentrations were 0.5M, 1.0M and 2.0M. It was observed that the flotation recovery of the copper shale was increasing with the increase of pH and concentration of the salt solution. On the basis of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic considerations it was postulated that the increasing surface tension was responsible for better shale flotation observed with increasing salt concentration. The observed improved shale flotation caused by increasing pH is most likely due to changes in the properties of the thin film between particle and bubble including mosaic structure of water on the surface of shale. It was shown that the zeta potential of shale particles, zeta potential of air bubbles, solution surface tension, and shale hydrophobicity were not responsible for the increasing with pH recoveries.
{"title":"Flotation of copper-bearing shale at different pH values of solutions and sodium chloride concentrations","authors":"Tomasz Andrzej Ratajczak, Jakub Sajewicz","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/176242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/176242","url":null,"abstract":"Flotation of copper-bearing shale in aqueous solutions of NaCl at their different pH values was investigated. The tests were carried out in a laboratory flotation machine. The pH range was between 5 and 10 while NaCl concentrations were 0.5M, 1.0M and 2.0M. It was observed that the flotation recovery of the copper shale was increasing with the increase of pH and concentration of the salt solution. On the basis of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic considerations it was postulated that the increasing surface tension was responsible for better shale flotation observed with increasing salt concentration. The observed improved shale flotation caused by increasing pH is most likely due to changes in the properties of the thin film between particle and bubble including mosaic structure of water on the surface of shale. It was shown that the zeta potential of shale particles, zeta potential of air bubbles, solution surface tension, and shale hydrophobicity were not responsible for the increasing with pH recoveries.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"48 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138605452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
xianyun Ma, Yimiao Nie, Jiale Guo, Yang Chen, Zhenjia Chang, Ling Wang, Shuxian Liu, Long Wang
Pre-processing provides an effective way for fly ash's high value-added utilization. However, the shortcomings of pre-processing methods such as grinding and flotation are apparent, with many disadvantages that make it more challenging to use efficiently. Microwave heating helps the SiO2-Al2O3 bond break, not only can make the structural change of the material can also promote the chemical reaction process. In the article, XRD, SEM, FT-TR, ammonia nitrogen adsorption, and other methods were used to analyze the changes in the properties of fly ash before and after microwave pre-treatment, the change of adsorption performance of fly ash before and after microwave treatment was analyzed. The study found that under microwave conditions of 600W and 15min, the adsorption rate of ammonia nitrogen by fly ash reached the maximum of 29.67%. The intensity of mullite and amorphous diffraction peaks decreased after 20 minutes at 600W. The Si-O-(Si, Al) and Si-O-(Si) bonds showed significant changes at 15 and 20 minutes under 600W conditions. Based on the results, microwave conditions were selected at 600W for different periods, and semi-quantitative analysis was carried out by XRD-Rietveld, infrared peak fitting, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The XRD-Rietveld analysis showed that the amorphous phase content reached 46.18% at 15 minutes. In the infrared peak fitting, the fitting area at 1300-900cm-1 and 600-400cm-1 peaks reaches 56.92% at 25 minutes and 17.5% at 15 minutes, respectively. The silicon-oxygen network's degree of connection and polymerization is reduced after 15 minutes of microwave treatment for the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.
预处理为粉煤灰的高附加值利用提供了有效途径。然而，诸如磨矿和浮选等预处理方法的缺点是显而易见的，它们的许多缺点使其更难以有效利用。微波加热有助于SiO2-Al2O3键断裂，不仅能使材料的结构发生变化还能促进化学反应过程。本文采用XRD、SEM、FT-TR、氨氮吸附等方法分析了微波预处理前后粉煤灰性能的变化，分析了微波预处理前后粉煤灰吸附性能的变化。研究发现，在600W、15min的微波条件下，粉煤灰对氨氮的吸附率最高可达29.67%。在600W下加热20 min后，莫来石和非晶态衍射峰强度减小。在600W条件下，Si- o -(Si, Al)和Si- o -(Si)键在15和20分钟时发生了显著变化。在此基础上，选择600W不同时段的微波条件，通过XRD-Rietveld、红外峰拟合、核磁共振进行半定量分析。XRD-Rietveld分析表明，在15分钟时，非晶相含量达到46.18%。在红外峰拟合中，1300-900cm-1和600-400cm-1峰的拟合面积在25分钟达到56.92%，在15分钟达到17.5%。经过15分钟的微波处理进行核磁共振分析后，硅氧网络的连接和聚合程度降低。
{"title":"Semi-quantitative analysis study of the impact of microwave treatment on fly ash","authors":"xianyun Ma, Yimiao Nie, Jiale Guo, Yang Chen, Zhenjia Chang, Ling Wang, Shuxian Liu, Long Wang","doi":"10.37190/ppmp/174897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/ppmp/174897","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-processing provides an effective way for fly ash's high value-added utilization. However, the shortcomings of pre-processing methods such as grinding and flotation are apparent, with many disadvantages that make it more challenging to use efficiently. Microwave heating helps the SiO2-Al2O3 bond break, not only can make the structural change of the material can also promote the chemical reaction process. In the article, XRD, SEM, FT-TR, ammonia nitrogen adsorption, and other methods were used to analyze the changes in the properties of fly ash before and after microwave pre-treatment, the change of adsorption performance of fly ash before and after microwave treatment was analyzed. The study found that under microwave conditions of 600W and 15min, the adsorption rate of ammonia nitrogen by fly ash reached the maximum of 29.67%. The intensity of mullite and amorphous diffraction peaks decreased after 20 minutes at 600W. The Si-O-(Si, Al) and Si-O-(Si) bonds showed significant changes at 15 and 20 minutes under 600W conditions. Based on the results, microwave conditions were selected at 600W for different periods, and semi-quantitative analysis was carried out by XRD-Rietveld, infrared peak fitting, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The XRD-Rietveld analysis showed that the amorphous phase content reached 46.18% at 15 minutes. In the infrared peak fitting, the fitting area at 1300-900cm-1 and 600-400cm-1 peaks reaches 56.92% at 25 minutes and 17.5% at 15 minutes, respectively. The silicon-oxygen network's degree of connection and polymerization is reduced after 15 minutes of microwave treatment for the nuclear magnetic resonance analysis.","PeriodicalId":49137,"journal":{"name":"Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing","volume":"23 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135477565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：