Iranian Journal of Public Health最新文献

Background: Certain lifestyle characteristics, such as dietary patterns, physical activity, and maintenance of recommended body weight, low-risk alcohol consumption and non-smoking are associated with the lower likelihood for the development of chronic-non communicable disease in the general population. These lifestyles are called health promoting behaviors (HPBs). We aimed to examine the prevalence of the HPBs among the women of reproductive age in Serbia and the factors associated with the compliance with four or more of these behaviors.

Methods: The study was the secondary analysis of the data from the National Health survey in Serbia from 2019 that examined social, health status, mental health (using PHQ-8) and lifestyle characteristics of the general population in Serbia.

Results: The prevalence of compliance with four or more HPBs was 22%. Among the HPBs the most frequent was a non-risky alcohol consumption reported by 2585 participants (99.2%), followed by normal weight (2018-69.2%) and non-smoking (1469-69%), daily fruit and vegetables intake (969-33.2%) and sufficient aerobic PA (216-7.9%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis with four or more HPBs as an outcome variable showed that the association of compliance with four or more HPBs with tertiary education (OR 1.91, 95% CI: 1.32-2.76) use of prescription medications (OR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44-0.87) and score on PHQ-8 (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.79-0.98).

Conclusion: There is a need for deeper promotion of health-related behaviors among all educational and vocational groups, including health promotion activities at the primary health care level, which is available to the entire population.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most invasive types of brain cancer. LncRNAs can be considered a new prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in GBM. This study comprehensively explored the interaction of lncRNAs with mRNAs in the TCGA database and proposed a novel promising biomarker with favorable diagnostic and prognostic values.

Methods: The public data of RNA-seq and related clinical data were downloaded from the TCGA database. Differential expression analysis was conducted in R. GO and KEGG signaling pathways were used for enrichment. The STRING database was used for PPI analysis. CE-network was constructed by STAR database. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and ROC curve analysis to indicate the biomarkers' diagnostic and prognostic values.

Results: Differentially expressed data illustrated that 4428 mRNAs were differentially expressed in GBM. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the differentially expressed mRNAs were enriched in critical biological processes. The PPI showed that WEE1, BARD1, and CDK6 were the important PPI hubs. The ceRNA network data demonstrated critical lncRNAs. The data revealed that the lncRNA CRNDE, LINC00957, AC072061.1, AC068888.1, and DBH-AS1 are potential diagnostic prognostic biomarkers in the GBM patients.

Conclusion: Altogether, we demonstrated lncRNA, and mRNA interaction and mentioned regulatory networks, considered a therapeutic option in GBM. In addition, we proposed potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for the patients.

Background: As a health vulnerable group, people with disabilities require more health-promoting behavior than non-disabled people. We aimed to identify the types of health behavior of disabled people and to track the trajectories of stress by the type of health behaviors.

Methods: Data came from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled Second Wave by the Employment Development Institute (EDI) in Korea. We used dataset from the first 6 years of the 2nd wave of PSEDSW (2016-2021). The current study analyzed 3,991 subjects. The types of health behavior were identified through latent class analysis (LCA) and the trajectories of stress were estimated through multi-group latent growth modeling using Mplus 8.0.

Results: Two types of groups in health behaviors, smoking-drinking group (SD), nonsmoking-less drinking group (NLSD) were derived. Depending on the types of health behavior, the trajectories of stress appeared significantly different: the NLSD had significantly lower stress than the SD in the first year, and this low-level stress trajectory was maintained continuously for 6 years.

Conclusion: Health behaviors could be suitable as a stress coping method for people with disabilities. This study suggests that it is necessary to make efforts to create an environment that supports people with disabilities to learn healthier ways to cope with stress.

Background: Long non-coding RN (lncRNAs) have been implicated in lung cancer, but the mechanisms stay unclear. We investigated the theatrical role and mechanism of lncRNA Lung cancer associated transcript 1 LUCAT1 in the malignant progress of lung cancer.

Methods: From May 2022 to March 2023, a total of thirty normal and cancerous tissues were collected from patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer at Zhongke Gengjiu Hospital in Anhui Province, China. The human SPC-A1 and A549 cell lines were chosen as the subjects for the relevant cellular experiments in this study. LncRNAs were expressed in a different manner identified by bioinformatics methods, and the expression levels in lung cancer tissues as well as cells were verified by the qRT-PCR assay. The biological role of LUCAT1 in NSCLC was determined by CCK-8, EdU, and transwell assay.

Results: The regulation of ubiquitin of P53 by LUCAT1 was studied, which showed that LUCAT1 was significantly elevated in NSCLC cell lines and patients' tissues (P<0.05). High levels of LUCAT1 promoted the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC cells. Mechanism studies showed that LUCAT1 was mainly located in the nucleus, which bound to P53 and mediated the ubiquitinated degradation of P53. Meanwhile, LUCAT1 knockdown attenuated the ubiquitination process of P53. In addition, rescue experiments illustrated that LUCAT1 induced the proliferation and invasion of NSCLC cells, and played a key role in the survival and tumorigenicity of NSCLC cells by mediating the ubiquitination of P53.

Conclusion: Collectively, LUCAT1 activated the malignant phenotypes of NSCLC cells via regulating P53 ubiquitination, which provided a new idea for the diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC.

Background: We aimed to investigate Tehran's University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) affiliated hospitals organizational readiness toward implementing the 'Autonomous Hospitals' program as a change initiative from a managerial perspective in 2020.

Methods: A census covering all eligible managers working in TUMS affiliated hospitals, Tehran, Iran (350 individuals) was carried out. Overall, 281 questionnaires were returned (a 30% non-responsiveness rate). A standard construct was adopted for data collection which was validated through a process of translation- back translation, face validity, and content validity (CVI=0.86, CVR=0.76). The reliability was acquired using Cronbach's alpha coefficient (0.87 and over 0.7). Both descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to draw conclusions .SPSS 26 was used for data analysis.

Result: Total organizational readiness for change (TORC) in hospitals was 60.75%±10.11 showing a state of medium to upper-medium readiness status. Also, the 'Clear mandate and centralized leadership' theme scored the lowest mean (53.02%±15.78) for ORC. 'Hospital accreditation level' (r=-0.14, P≤0.05), 'bed occupancy rate' (r=-0.19, P ≤0.05), and 'leadership status' (r=0.26, P≤0.001), also showed significant association with TORC. In addition, 'standardized bed occuPancy rate' (P≤0.05, B=-2.41), a 'male' leader (P ≤0.05, B=3.42), and 'academic affiliation' (P≤0. 1, B=-9.52), were good Predictors of TORC based on 'Backward Multiple Linear Regression' analysis.

Conclusion: Full support from hospital and headquarters executives, delegation of sufficient decision-making authority to hospital managers, and implementation of comprehensive performance evaluation criteria were prerequisites for robust hospital autonomy in TUMS-affiliated hospitals.

Background: We aimed to determine the prevalence of sedentary time in diabetes and metabolic syndrome worldwide via a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

Methods: This study was conducted using the systematic review method following PRISMA 2020 criteria. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from January 2000 to December 2022. The heterogeneity of studies was measured using the I² test.

Results: The prevalence of sedentary time in diabetic patients was 52.3% (CI 95 %:46.2-58.2) and the prevalence of sedentary time in metabolic syndrome was 43.3% (95% CI: 31- 56.5). Also, the results of subgroup analysis show that the prevalence of inactivity in diabetic women was 60.3% higher than that of diabetic men. The prevalence of inactivity in patients with metabolic syndrome was 28.6% in men and women, respectively.

Conclusion: Sedentary time has a very high prevalence in metabolic syndrome and diabetic patients. In other words, almost half of these patients experience their life patterns. Therefore, effective and efficient efforts to improve activity and exercise in patients with diabetes and metabolic syndrome will have a more effective therapeutic effect and improve their quality of life.

Background: One of the upcoming challenges in hospital accreditation is using the same and similar standards for all types of hospitals in size and type of activity. We aimed to identify the accreditation modules for all types of hospitals in size (small hospitals) and type of activity (special hospitals).

Methods: This research was conducted as a scoping review from Mar to May 2023. "Arsky and O'Malley" six-step protocol was used to conduct this study. "Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses" (PRISMA) was used to identify, evaluate, and select research articles. The "framework analysis" method was used to analyze the data.

Results: Of 14 articles, 64% have been published in peer-reviewed scientific journals. Moreover, 36% of them were accreditation organizations' standards at the national level. The accreditation modules of small hospitals are Responsibilities of Management, Care of Patients, Management of Medication, Patient Safety, Infection Control, Continuous Quality Improvement, Patient Rights and Education, Blood and Blood Products, and Partnering with Consumers. The accreditation modules of special hospitals are Governing Body and Administration, Clinical Management, Prevention and Health, Care and Treatment, Diagnostic Services, Patient Rights, and Quality Improvement.

Conclusion: Identifying the main modules of accreditation for small and special hospitals can help policymakers and hospital managers improve the quality and safety of their hospitals by using appropriate standards and help improve the services provided to patients and increase their satisfaction.

Background: Pornography, encompassing explicit images, videos, audio, and written content, has adverse impacts on individuals' well-being. We aimed to explore the relationship between mental health and communication quality with parents and the use of pornography, considering the moderating effect of gender.

Methods: Quantitative data collection and descriptive-correlation analysis were employed. The study included university students in Tehran, Iran during the 2021-2022 academic year. Through purposive sampling, 210 participants completed an online questionnaire on Porsline. The survey assessed pornography use, quality of communication with parents, and general health. SPSS 23 software facilitated correlation and hierarchical regression analysis.

Results: Gender significantly influenced pornography use (β=0.557). Anxiety symptoms (β=0.45) and social dysfunction (β=0.351) had significant positive effects on pornography use. Moreover, quality of relationships with parents, both mother (β=-0.47) and father (β=-0.27), exhibited negative associations with pornography use (P=0.01).

Conclusion: High quality relationships with parents, lower anxiety and social dysfunction could potentially decrease the likelihood of pornography use on the internet. It is recommended that educational efforts and cultural interventions focus on protecting young adults from the negative effects of pornography use. Such interventions may include psychoeducational training on effective communication skills, mental health literacy, and stress management skills.

Background: The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has disrupted health systems and put a huge strain on hospitals and healthcare workers. Prioritizing COVID-19 patients in hospitals caused irreversible harm to cardiac patients. Although multiple studies have shown that ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients have worse admission circumstances than before the pandemic, the hospital outcomes of these patients have remained limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined STEMI patient outcomes during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Methods: We conducted systematic searches of MEDLINE (through PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase through Jan 10, 2021. All studies with reporting in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and door-to-balloon time with over twenty participants were included. Articles without clear definitions or results were excluded. The study followed PRISMA guidelines. The outcomes of interest were door-to-balloon time, death, and hospital stay during COVID-19 pandemic compared prior.

Results: Our meta-analysis included 12 studies and 21170 people (115-6609). The pooled analysis showed significantly more pandemic mortality (OR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.07-1.43). Ten studies (13,091) recorded door-to-balloon times. Door-to-balloon time (in minutes) significantly increased during the pandemic (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD]= 0.46; 95% CI: 0.03-0.89). The length of hospital stay was reported by five studies (n=9448). Length of hospital stay (in days) was not significantly longer during the pandemic than before the outbreak (SMD= 0.04; 95% CI: -0.19-0.26).

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increased mortality and door-to-balloon delay that might be attributable to the strict infection control measures in outbreak. Studies with a longer follow-up time are needed to investigate the outcomes of STEMI patients.