<div> <section> <h3> Introduction</h3> <p>Dysphagia is a common complication in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), primarily due to the tumour location and the adverse effects of treatment, which significantly diminish patients’ quality of life (QOL).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported oropharyngeal dysphagia and identify associated factors in Iranian patients diagnosed with HNC.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Out of an initial cohort of 142 HNC patients, 113 completed the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), and 90 completed the Persian version of the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (P-MDADI) to evaluate dysphagia prevalence and its impact on QOL. Associations between demographic variables and dysphagia duration were analysed using chi-square tests and Kendall's Tau correlation.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Among the 113 patients with HNC (mean age 55.95 years, SD 14.78; 61.1% male), 78.8% reported dysphagia (95% CI, 71.10–86.41%). Dysphagia prevalence was highest in patients with tumours in the oral cavity (85.7%), pharynx (91.3%), larynx (70%), and sinus/nose (52.9%). Significant correlations were observed between EAT-10 scores, tumour site, and dysphagia duration (<i>p</i> < 0.05). P-MDADI scores indicated substantial emotional (92% reported feeling “self-conscious”), physical (91% noted “prolonged eating”), and functional challenges, underscoring dysphagia's profound impact on QOL.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>This study demonstrates a high prevalence of dysphagia among Iranian HNC patients, with marked variation by tumour site and dysphagia duration. P-MDADI findings underscore the substantial impact of dysphagia on QOL, affecting patients functionally, physically, and emotionally.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <div><i>What is already known on the subject</i> <ul> <li>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (swallowing dysfunction) is a common consequence in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). The presence of dysphagia leads to malnutrition, dehydration and reduced quality of life in these patients. Although the prevalence of dysphagia has been studied in various countries worldwide, there is no evidence specifically addressing Iranian patients with HNCs.</li> </ul><i>What this paper adds to the existing knowledge</i>
{"title":"Prevalence of Self-Reported Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Associated Factors in Iranian Patients With Head and Neck Cancer","authors":"Fardin Sharifi, Behnaz Bayat, Samira Azghandi, Zahra Sadat Qoreishi, Mona Ebrahimipour, Jalal Bakhtiyari, Ali Kamrani","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70167","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70167","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dysphagia is a common complication in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC), primarily due to the tumour location and the adverse effects of treatment, which significantly diminish patients’ quality of life (QOL).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to assess the prevalence of self-reported oropharyngeal dysphagia and identify associated factors in Iranian patients diagnosed with HNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of an initial cohort of 142 HNC patients, 113 completed the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), and 90 completed the Persian version of the MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (P-MDADI) to evaluate dysphagia prevalence and its impact on QOL. Associations between demographic variables and dysphagia duration were analysed using chi-square tests and Kendall's Tau correlation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 113 patients with HNC (mean age 55.95 years, SD 14.78; 61.1% male), 78.8% reported dysphagia (95% CI, 71.10–86.41%). Dysphagia prevalence was highest in patients with tumours in the oral cavity (85.7%), pharynx (91.3%), larynx (70%), and sinus/nose (52.9%). Significant correlations were observed between EAT-10 scores, tumour site, and dysphagia duration (<i>p</i> < 0.05). P-MDADI scores indicated substantial emotional (92% reported feeling “self-conscious”), physical (91% noted “prolonged eating”), and functional challenges, underscoring dysphagia's profound impact on QOL.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates a high prevalence of dysphagia among Iranian HNC patients, with marked variation by tumour site and dysphagia duration. P-MDADI findings underscore the substantial impact of dysphagia on QOL, affecting patients functionally, physically, and emotionally.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div><i>What is already known on the subject</i>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Oropharyngeal dysphagia (swallowing dysfunction) is a common consequence in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). The presence of dysphagia leads to malnutrition, dehydration and reduced quality of life in these patients. Although the prevalence of dysphagia has been studied in various countries worldwide, there is no evidence specifically addressing Iranian patients with HNCs.</li>\u0000 </ul><i>What this paper adds to the existing knowledge</i>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145795125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elke Arts, Bram O. De Castro, Ellen Luteijn, Ben Elsendoorn, Constance T. W. M. Vissers
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Adolescents with developmental language disorder (DLD) are known to be at increased risk for socio-emotional difficulties. Yet, there remains considerable uncertainty about how problems in language abilities, executive functioning (EF), and theory of mind (ToM) contribute to the socio-emotional difficulties observed in this group. In addition, only a limited number of studies have compared adolescents with and without DLD on these underlying cognitive and linguistic domains.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>This study examined (1) differences between adolescents with and without DLD in language, EF, ToM, and socio-emotional functioning, (2) associations among these domains, and (3) the unique contributions of language, EF, and ToM to socio-emotional functioning.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3> <p>Forty adolescents with developmental language disorder (DLD) and 36 typically developing (TD) peers, matched for age and education level, completed measures of receptive vocabulary, visuospatial working memory (Corsi Block-Tapping Task), cognitive flexibility (Berg Card-Sorting Test), cognitive ToM (ToMotion task), and affective ToM (Emotion Recognition Task). Parents completed the IKAN questionnaire, which served as the measure of socio-emotional functioning. Group differences were assessed using independent-samples <i>t</i>-tests and Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> tests. Associations were examined using Spearman correlations. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with the IKAN total score as the outcome variable.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3> <p>Adolescents with DLD scored significantly lower than their TD peers on receptive language, cognitive ToM, and socio-emotional functioning as measured by the IKAN. They showed significantly reduced scores on seven of the eight socio-emotional subscales. No significant group differences were found for visuospatial working memory, cognitive flexibility, or affective ToM. Receptive vocabulary correlated positively with cognitive flexibility, both ToM measures, and several IKAN subscales. Cognitive ToM showed consistent moderate associations with overall socio-emotional functioning. In the regression model, cognitive ToM was the only significant unique predictor of socio-emotional functioning (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.23).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3> <p>This study demonstrates that ado
{"title":"The Interplay Between Language, Executive Functioning, Theory of Mind and Socio-Emotional Functioning – A Comparison Between Adolescents With and Without DLD","authors":"Elke Arts, Bram O. De Castro, Ellen Luteijn, Ben Elsendoorn, Constance T. W. M. Vissers","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70168","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70168","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents with developmental language disorder (DLD) are known to be at increased risk for socio-emotional difficulties. Yet, there remains considerable uncertainty about how problems in language abilities, executive functioning (EF), and theory of mind (ToM) contribute to the socio-emotional difficulties observed in this group. In addition, only a limited number of studies have compared adolescents with and without DLD on these underlying cognitive and linguistic domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined (1) differences between adolescents with and without DLD in language, EF, ToM, and socio-emotional functioning, (2) associations among these domains, and (3) the unique contributions of language, EF, and ToM to socio-emotional functioning.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty adolescents with developmental language disorder (DLD) and 36 typically developing (TD) peers, matched for age and education level, completed measures of receptive vocabulary, visuospatial working memory (Corsi Block-Tapping Task), cognitive flexibility (Berg Card-Sorting Test), cognitive ToM (ToMotion task), and affective ToM (Emotion Recognition Task). Parents completed the IKAN questionnaire, which served as the measure of socio-emotional functioning. Group differences were assessed using independent-samples <i>t</i>-tests and Mann–Whitney <i>U</i> tests. Associations were examined using Spearman correlations. Multiple regression analyses were conducted with the IKAN total score as the outcome variable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents with DLD scored significantly lower than their TD peers on receptive language, cognitive ToM, and socio-emotional functioning as measured by the IKAN. They showed significantly reduced scores on seven of the eight socio-emotional subscales. No significant group differences were found for visuospatial working memory, cognitive flexibility, or affective ToM. Receptive vocabulary correlated positively with cognitive flexibility, both ToM measures, and several IKAN subscales. Cognitive ToM showed consistent moderate associations with overall socio-emotional functioning. In the regression model, cognitive ToM was the only significant unique predictor of socio-emotional functioning (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.23).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that ado","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12712265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145775273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. F. Ludlow, L. J. Holmes, L. Simpson, L. Byrne-Davis, S. J. Fowler
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) is defined as an inappropriate laryngeal closure causing difficulty in breathing. Outcome measures can be used in ILO to monitor changes in health status over time. A comprehensive review of existing measures is important to understand what the targets of treatment and management are and whether there is a need for development of new tools.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To systematically evaluate the literature reporting outcomes in individuals with ILO, identifying what is measured, whether there is consistency of measurement to enable synthesis of evidence for treatment and management, and whether measurement considers the areas of body function and structure, activity and contextual factors in line with the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework (WHO-ICF).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A systematic search was conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar between December 2023 and December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion and extracted data using Covidence software. Outcomes were tabulated according to measurement type and components of the WHO-ICF framework.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Contributions</h3> <p>A total of 658 titles and abstracts were screened; 255 progressed to full text review, with 49 full text articles being included. Twenty-three studies (47%) followed a prospective observational design, 17 (35%) a retrospective case note review, 5 (10%) an experimental case control design, 2 (4%) survey design and 2 (4%) case reports. Studies included ILO [adults in 18 studies (37%), children 20 studies (41%), and both adults and children in 11 studies (22%)]. Outcomes were collected at two or more time points within a single day to over three years. Thirteen (26%) studies measured performance outcomes, 15 (31%) clinician-reported outcomes, 48 (97%) patient-reported outcomes, and 2 (4%) observer-reported outcomes. Several of the studies considered the impairments of body function, structure and activity limitations in line with the WHO-ICF framework but environmental factors and personal factors were rarely considered.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>The findings demonstrate variation in the outcome measures used in ILO research and that measures of pe
背景：诱导性喉梗阻（ILO）被定义为不适当的喉关闭导致呼吸困难。劳工组织可使用结果指标监测健康状况随时间的变化。对现有措施进行全面审查对于了解治疗和管理的目标以及是否需要开发新工具非常重要。目的：系统地评估报告ILO个体结果的文献，确定测量的内容，测量是否具有一致性以实现治疗和管理的证据合成，以及测量是否考虑了符合世界卫生组织国际功能，残疾和健康分类框架（WHO-ICF）的身体功能和结构，活动和背景因素。方法：系统检索MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、Scopus、PsycINFO、Web of Science、谷歌Scholar等数据库，检索时间为2023年12月~ 2024年12月。两名审稿人独立筛选标题、摘要和全文，并使用covid - ence软件提取数据。结果根据测量类型和WHO-ICF框架的组成部分制成表格。主要贡献：共筛选题目及摘要658篇；255篇进入全文审查阶段，其中49篇全文文章被收录。23项研究（47%）采用前瞻性观察设计，17项（35%）采用回顾性病例记录回顾，5项（10%）采用实验性病例对照设计，2项（4%）采用调查设计，2项（4%）采用病例报告。研究包括ILO[成人研究18项（37%），儿童研究20项（41%），成人和儿童研究11项（22%）]。结果在一天到三年的两个或多个时间点收集。13项（26%）研究测量了绩效结果，15项（31%）研究测量了临床报告的结果，48项（97%）研究测量了患者报告的结果，2项（4%）研究测量了观察者报告的结果。一些研究根据世卫组织-国际健康基金会的框架考虑了身体功能、结构和活动限制的损害，但很少考虑环境因素和个人因素。结论：调查结果表明，劳工组织研究中使用的结果衡量标准存在差异，对个人和环境影响的衡量标准很少。有必要就劳工组织研究和/或诊所的一系列核心成果达成共识，这些成果应涵盖所有影响并促进证据综合。本文补充的内容：在这个问题上已经知道的是，诱导性喉梗阻是一种上呼吸道疾病，对个体造成身体、社会和心理影响。结果测量用于评估干预的进展或影响。在不同的研究中确定了不同的结果测量方法，但在覆盖范围上存在许多差距，特别是在特定疾病的个人和环境影响方面。这项研究的潜在或实际临床意义是什么？本研究发现，目前使用的结果测量方法存在异质性，需要采用针对特定疾病的标准化测量方法，并涵盖世界卫生组织国际功能、残疾和健康分类框架的所有领域。
{"title":"A Scoping Review to Map Health Outcomes in Inducible Laryngeal Obstruction","authors":"S. F. Ludlow, L. J. Holmes, L. Simpson, L. Byrne-Davis, S. J. Fowler","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70169","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Inducible laryngeal obstruction (ILO) is defined as an inappropriate laryngeal closure causing difficulty in breathing. Outcome measures can be used in ILO to monitor changes in health status over time. A comprehensive review of existing measures is important to understand what the targets of treatment and management are and whether there is a need for development of new tools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To systematically evaluate the literature reporting outcomes in individuals with ILO, identifying what is measured, whether there is consistency of measurement to enable synthesis of evidence for treatment and management, and whether measurement considers the areas of body function and structure, activity and contextual factors in line with the World Health Organisation International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework (WHO-ICF).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A systematic search was conducted of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Web of Science and Google Scholar between December 2023 and December 2024. Two reviewers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion and extracted data using Covidence software. Outcomes were tabulated according to measurement type and components of the WHO-ICF framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Contributions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 658 titles and abstracts were screened; 255 progressed to full text review, with 49 full text articles being included. Twenty-three studies (47%) followed a prospective observational design, 17 (35%) a retrospective case note review, 5 (10%) an experimental case control design, 2 (4%) survey design and 2 (4%) case reports. Studies included ILO [adults in 18 studies (37%), children 20 studies (41%), and both adults and children in 11 studies (22%)]. Outcomes were collected at two or more time points within a single day to over three years. Thirteen (26%) studies measured performance outcomes, 15 (31%) clinician-reported outcomes, 48 (97%) patient-reported outcomes, and 2 (4%) observer-reported outcomes. Several of the studies considered the impairments of body function, structure and activity limitations in line with the WHO-ICF framework but environmental factors and personal factors were rarely considered.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings demonstrate variation in the outcome measures used in ILO research and that measures of pe","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12712271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Down syndrome (DS) are among the most common types of neurodevelopmental conditions that have co-occurring language impairments. Usually, non-verbal IQ has been reported as one of the main predictors of language functioning in children with these conditions. Although language abilities of children with ASD and DS have been described in the previous studies, there is still a lack of direct comparisons of language profiles in the non-verbal IQ-matched groups of children with these disorders, and, therefore, it is largely unexplored whether language difficulties in these populations are of similar or different origins.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The study provided a direct comparison of language profiles in non-verbal IQ-matched children with ASD and DS at different linguistic levels (phonology, vocabulary and morphosyntax) in both production and comprehension and explored the influence of different psycholinguistic variables on accuracy. Also, the study assessed whether non-language factors (non-verbal IQ and age) influence language skills in both groups of children.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3> <p>In total, 60 children participated in the study: 20 children with ASD, 20 children with DS and 20 typically developing controls (7–11 years old; all groups were age-matched). The language testing included seven tests from the Russian Child Language Assessment Battery, assessing expressive and receptive language skills at phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic levels.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3> <p>Overall, we revealed both similarities and differences in language profiles between children with ASD and DS. At the group performance level, children with ASD and DS were comparable in vocabulary and syntax but differed in phonological processing, on which children with ASD had higher accuracy. Some psycholinguistic variables that influenced accuracy in language test performance were present uniquely in the ASD group: for example, autistic children struggled more with verbs than nouns in naming or comprehended sentences with canonical SVO word order more accurately than sentences with noncanonical OVS word order. In comparison to children with DS, in the ASD group, non-verbal IQ was related to language skills in three out of seven tests, with evidence of a positive association between them.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3> <p>This study provided new insights on the differences in langua
{"title":"Difference in Language Profiles of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Down Syndrome Is Not Driven by Non-Verbal Cognition","authors":"Ksenia Novoselova, Anastasiya Lopukhina, Militina Gomozova, Makar Fedorov, Elizaveta Davydova, Darya Pereverzeva, Alexander Sorokin, Svetlana Tyushkevich, Uliana Mamokhina, Kamilla Danilina, Olga Dragoy, Vardan Arutiunian","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70177","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70177","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Down syndrome (DS) are among the most common types of neurodevelopmental conditions that have co-occurring language impairments. Usually, non-verbal IQ has been reported as one of the main predictors of language functioning in children with these conditions. Although language abilities of children with ASD and DS have been described in the previous studies, there is still a lack of direct comparisons of language profiles in the non-verbal IQ-matched groups of children with these disorders, and, therefore, it is largely unexplored whether language difficulties in these populations are of similar or different origins.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study provided a direct comparison of language profiles in non-verbal IQ-matched children with ASD and DS at different linguistic levels (phonology, vocabulary and morphosyntax) in both production and comprehension and explored the influence of different psycholinguistic variables on accuracy. Also, the study assessed whether non-language factors (non-verbal IQ and age) influence language skills in both groups of children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 60 children participated in the study: 20 children with ASD, 20 children with DS and 20 typically developing controls (7–11 years old; all groups were age-matched). The language testing included seven tests from the Russian Child Language Assessment Battery, assessing expressive and receptive language skills at phonological, lexical and morphosyntactic levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, we revealed both similarities and differences in language profiles between children with ASD and DS. At the group performance level, children with ASD and DS were comparable in vocabulary and syntax but differed in phonological processing, on which children with ASD had higher accuracy. Some psycholinguistic variables that influenced accuracy in language test performance were present uniquely in the ASD group: for example, autistic children struggled more with verbs than nouns in naming or comprehended sentences with canonical SVO word order more accurately than sentences with noncanonical OVS word order. In comparison to children with DS, in the ASD group, non-verbal IQ was related to language skills in three out of seven tests, with evidence of a positive association between them.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study provided new insights on the differences in langua","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145764089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise to support the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in medicine and therapy. However, ethics is a priority concern in the development and implementation of AI across sectors. Common ethical themes in the healthcare literature of the last 5 years surround algorithmic bias, accountability, privacy, transparency and trust issues. The question arises how these challenges apply to speech and language therapy (SLT). Stakeholder attitudes towards the use of AI in healthcare have been investigated for the populations of physicians, medical students, and patients. However, no study has yet addressed the specific perspective of speech and language therapists on this technology.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>Therefore, the aim was to gather insights on the attitudes, hopes and concerns towards the (future) use of artificial intelligence from speech and language therapists working in clinical practice or research.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Method and Procedures</h3> <p>An online survey with 11 closed and three open-ended questions was conducted in four German speaking countries. The quantitative analysis of the results involved correlating demographic factors, such as age, with the responses. The qualitative analysis compared the responses to this survey with the findings of healthcare literature and studies addressing other healthcare stakeholders.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3> <p>Five hundred eighty-seven professionals from Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Liechtenstein answered the questionnaire. In the results all but 3% of the participants expect that AI will be applied at least to some extend in SLT in the future. The majority of the participants (65%) are open-minded towards the application of AI in SLT. Perceived potential benefits show a larger overlap than identified challenges with the existing literature. The possible loss of the ‘human-factor’ in assessment and therapy is by far the most frequent concern (41%) the participating speech and language therapists have towards the use of AI. Results further reflect the current level of knowledge about this technology in our profession.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3> <p>The use of AI in SLT can have a positive impact, but many factors need to be considered to prepare our profession for this type of technology. These include the expansion of education, the development of guidelines and the establishment of interdisciplinary collaborations
{"title":"The Application of Artificial Intelligence in Speech and Language Therapy: Attitudes and Expectations","authors":"Hanna Ehlert, Ulrike Lüdtke","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70172","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Artificial intelligence (AI) shows promise to support the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases in medicine and therapy. However, ethics is a priority concern in the development and implementation of AI across sectors. Common ethical themes in the healthcare literature of the last 5 years surround algorithmic bias, accountability, privacy, transparency and trust issues. The question arises how these challenges apply to speech and language therapy (SLT). Stakeholder attitudes towards the use of AI in healthcare have been investigated for the populations of physicians, medical students, and patients. However, no study has yet addressed the specific perspective of speech and language therapists on this technology.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Therefore, the aim was to gather insights on the attitudes, hopes and concerns towards the (future) use of artificial intelligence from speech and language therapists working in clinical practice or research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method and Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An online survey with 11 closed and three open-ended questions was conducted in four German speaking countries. The quantitative analysis of the results involved correlating demographic factors, such as age, with the responses. The qualitative analysis compared the responses to this survey with the findings of healthcare literature and studies addressing other healthcare stakeholders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Five hundred eighty-seven professionals from Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Liechtenstein answered the questionnaire. In the results all but 3% of the participants expect that AI will be applied at least to some extend in SLT in the future. The majority of the participants (65%) are open-minded towards the application of AI in SLT. Perceived potential benefits show a larger overlap than identified challenges with the existing literature. The possible loss of the ‘human-factor’ in assessment and therapy is by far the most frequent concern (41%) the participating speech and language therapists have towards the use of AI. Results further reflect the current level of knowledge about this technology in our profession.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of AI in SLT can have a positive impact, but many factors need to be considered to prepare our profession for this type of technology. These include the expansion of education, the development of guidelines and the establishment of interdisciplinary collaborations ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Kaddour, Ouarda Metref, Serge Pinto, Kamel Ferrat, Yasser Mecheri
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Assessment and treatment practices for hypokinetic dysarthria in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) remain largely inaccessible and understudied in African and Arabic countries.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>This study investigates clinical practices of Algerian speech-language therapists (SLTs) in assessing and treating dysarthria in PwPD.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A cross-sectional online survey of Algerian SLTs was conducted between December 2024 and January 2025. Thirty-six SLTs completed the proposed questionnaire (88.8% women; mean age 32.7 ± 8.9 years). Data on demographics, assessment tools, treatment methods, and perceived challenges of the answers were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests (<i>α</i> = 0.05).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Most SLTs who completed the questionnaire were based in the northern region of the country (66.6%). They reported leaning on informal assessments (63.8%), prioritizing articulation (61.1%), self-assessment and speech rating (61.1%). Formal tools, such as acoustic analysis, appeared underused (36.1%). Non-evidence-based therapy dominated practice: articulatory muscle strengthening (77.7%), respiratory training (69.4%), and rehabilitation with a straw (61.1%). In contrast, evidence-based methods like the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) were rarely used (8.3% frequent use). SLTs with PhD degrees significantly favoured formal assessments (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 25.3, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and evidence-based methods (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 16.5, <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to those with no PhD. Reported key barriers included inadequate training (83.3%), lack of dedicated tools (88.8%), and an inappropriate work environment (55.5%).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusion</h3> <p>Our findings underline the crucial need for structured training programmes, integration of evidence-based therapies, and improvement of the work environment in terms of different tools. This study emphasizes the significant gaps that remain to be addressed in the provision of SLTs services to PwPD in Algeria.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i> <ul> <li>Existing studies from high-income countries highlight variability in assessment and treatment practices of hypokinetic dysarthria in PwPD among SLTs, with u
背景：在非洲和阿拉伯国家，帕金森病（PwPD）患者低运动构音障碍的评估和治疗方法在很大程度上仍然无法获得和研究不足。目的：本研究探讨阿尔及利亚语言治疗师（SLTs）评估和治疗PwPD构音障碍的临床实践。方法：在2024年12月至2025年1月期间对阿尔及利亚slt进行了横断面在线调查。36名SLTs完成了问卷调查（88.8%为女性，平均年龄32.7±8.9岁）。采用描述性统计和卡方检验分析人口统计学、评估工具、治疗方法和对答案的感知挑战的数据（α = 0.05）。结果：完成问卷的slt大多来自北方地区（66.6%）。他们倾向于非正式评估（63.8%），优先考虑发音（61.1%），自我评估和语音评级（61.1%）。正式的工具，如声学分析，似乎没有得到充分利用（36.1%）。非循证疗法占主导地位：关节肌强化（77.7%）、呼吸训练（69.4%）和吸管康复（61.1%）。相比之下，像Lee Silverman语音治疗（LSVT）这样的循证方法很少被使用（8.3%的人经常使用）。与没有博士学位的slt相比，具有博士学位的slt显著倾向于正式评估（χ2 = 25.3, p < 0.05）和循证方法（χ2 = 16.5, p < 0.05）。报告的主要障碍包括培训不足（83.3%）、缺乏专用工具（88.8%）和不适当的工作环境（55.5%）。结论：我们的研究结果强调了结构化培训计划、循证疗法的整合以及根据不同工具改善工作环境的关键需求。这项研究强调了在向阿尔及利亚的残疾人提供slt服务方面仍有待解决的重大差距。本文补充的内容：关于这一主题的已知内容，来自高收入国家的现有研究强调了slt中PwPD低运动构音障碍的评估和治疗实践的差异，以及标准化工具的利用不足。然而，没有关于非洲和阿拉伯语背景下临床实践的数据，语言和资源限制可能独特地影响康复方法。该研究表明，阿尔及利亚的slt主要依赖于非正式评估（63.8%）和非循证治疗（如关节肌强化，77.7%），而像LSVT这样的循证方法很少使用（8.3%）。系统性障碍，包括培训不足（83.3%）、缺乏专用工具（88.8%）和有限的工作场所资源（55.5%），可能解释了这些差异。这是第一个记录在PwPD的构音障碍管理中的阿拉伯语挑战的研究，提倡语言适应工具。这项研究的潜在或实际临床意义是什么？这些发现敦促采取行动，通过将LSVT等基于证据的方法纳入课程，并开发标准化的阿拉伯语评估工具，加强阿尔及利亚的slt培训项目。
{"title":"Hypokinetic Dysarthria in Parkinson's Disease: Assessment and Treatment Practices Among Algerian Speech-Language Therapists","authors":"Ali Kaddour, Ouarda Metref, Serge Pinto, Kamel Ferrat, Yasser Mecheri","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70166","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70166","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Assessment and treatment practices for hypokinetic dysarthria in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD) remain largely inaccessible and understudied in African and Arabic countries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study investigates clinical practices of Algerian speech-language therapists (SLTs) in assessing and treating dysarthria in PwPD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional online survey of Algerian SLTs was conducted between December 2024 and January 2025. Thirty-six SLTs completed the proposed questionnaire (88.8% women; mean age 32.7 ± 8.9 years). Data on demographics, assessment tools, treatment methods, and perceived challenges of the answers were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests (<i>α</i> = 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most SLTs who completed the questionnaire were based in the northern region of the country (66.6%). They reported leaning on informal assessments (63.8%), prioritizing articulation (61.1%), self-assessment and speech rating (61.1%). Formal tools, such as acoustic analysis, appeared underused (36.1%). Non-evidence-based therapy dominated practice: articulatory muscle strengthening (77.7%), respiratory training (69.4%), and rehabilitation with a straw (61.1%). In contrast, evidence-based methods like the Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) were rarely used (8.3% frequent use). SLTs with PhD degrees significantly favoured formal assessments (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 25.3, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and evidence-based methods (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 16.5, <i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to those with no PhD. Reported key barriers included inadequate training (83.3%), lack of dedicated tools (88.8%), and an inappropriate work environment (55.5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings underline the crucial need for structured training programmes, integration of evidence-based therapies, and improvement of the work environment in terms of different tools. This study emphasizes the significant gaps that remain to be addressed in the provision of SLTs services to PwPD in Algeria.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Existing studies from high-income countries highlight variability in assessment and treatment practices of hypokinetic dysarthria in PwPD among SLTs, with u","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eline Alons, Bianca Berndsen-van Swaaij, Caroline Terwee, Ellen Gerrits, Margreet Luinge, Lizet van Ewijk
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Communicative participation is the most important outcome of speech and language therapy. A patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for children would help capture this outcome. Before this PROM can be developed, it is important to find out what situations children themselves find difficult because of their communication problem.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The aim of the study was to identify relevant aspects of self-reported communicative participation in children with communication disorders.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Method and Procedures</h3> <p>Thirteen children (5–12 years old) with speech disorders, developmental language disorders (DLDs), voice disorders and/or hearing loss were interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Before the interview they kept a diary for 1 week, documenting participation situations that were difficult because of their communication problem. Within 1 week after completing the diaries, the children were interviewed. In addition, children's ability to recall situations and reflect upon communicative participation was observed. The data analysis was conducted using directed content analysis, drawing on an existing theoretical framework.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3> <p>A total of 171 situations were discussed, leading to the identification of 44 concepts, categorized into the following six categories: <i>person, topic, pace, location, moment</i> and <i>mode</i>. Some of the participants had difficulty recalling situations, and reflecting upon communicative participation. This was particularly true for children under 8 years of age (all with DLD) and two children over 8 years of age with DLD and an indication for a school for children with special needs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3> <p>The 44 concepts provide insight into the difficulties in communicative participation experienced by children themselves. These concepts will be used to develop a PROM to assess children's communicative participation.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i> <ul> <li>Communicative participation is the key outcome of speech and language therapy. However, there is a lack of meas
{"title":"Self-Experienced Difficulties in Communicative Participation in Children With Speech, Language and Communication Needs—A Concept Elicitation Study","authors":"Eline Alons, Bianca Berndsen-van Swaaij, Caroline Terwee, Ellen Gerrits, Margreet Luinge, Lizet van Ewijk","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Communicative participation is the most important outcome of speech and language therapy. A patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) for children would help capture this outcome. Before this PROM can be developed, it is important to find out what situations children themselves find difficult because of their communication problem.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the study was to identify relevant aspects of self-reported communicative participation in children with communication disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method and Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirteen children (5–12 years old) with speech disorders, developmental language disorders (DLDs), voice disorders and/or hearing loss were interviewed with semi-structured interviews. Before the interview they kept a diary for 1 week, documenting participation situations that were difficult because of their communication problem. Within 1 week after completing the diaries, the children were interviewed. In addition, children's ability to recall situations and reflect upon communicative participation was observed. The data analysis was conducted using directed content analysis, drawing on an existing theoretical framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 171 situations were discussed, leading to the identification of 44 concepts, categorized into the following six categories: <i>person, topic, pace, location, moment</i> and <i>mode</i>. Some of the participants had difficulty recalling situations, and reflecting upon communicative participation. This was particularly true for children under 8 years of age (all with DLD) and two children over 8 years of age with DLD and an indication for a school for children with special needs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 44 concepts provide insight into the difficulties in communicative participation experienced by children themselves. These concepts will be used to develop a PROM to assess children's communicative participation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Communicative participation is the key outcome of speech and language therapy. However, there is a lack of meas","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.70170","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Everyone, regardless of whether they have disabilities, has the right to be heard and to participate in decisions that affect them, including their rehabilitation. Right to self-determination extends to individuals with severe speech impairments who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Self-assessment instruments can be used when exercising this right. Historically, there has been a limited focus on self-assessment instruments within the AAC field. This gap highlights the need to explore self-assessment in AAC, motivating this scoping review.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>The aim was to identify and characterize the self-assessment instruments developed in the AAC field to date. Our specific aim was to investigate the existing self-assessment instruments for both adult and paediatric AAC populations and identify gaps. We aimed to describe the availability, administration procedures and intended purposes of these instruments related to functional ability.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>The PRISMA protocol for scoping reviews was followed for the search, inclusion, extraction and analysis of the studies. We included articles where self-assessment instruments were used by or considered for people who use AAC (PWUAAC). The aims of the instruments were analysed according to the categories in the personal factors domain of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) framework.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Main Contributions</h3> <p>The review presents a list of self-assessment instruments along with a thorough description for each. This list can be used in clinical practice and research in the AAC field. The lack of instruments in several areas should inspire their further development. A systematic approach to self-assessment in AAC could enhance autonomy and improve interventions.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>The review identified 22 instruments for self-assessment for PWUAAC of different ages, and most instruments used scales for responses. The focus of the instruments was on exploring the thoughts and beliefs of PWUAAC. The review revealed a lack of instruments addressing feelings, motives and non-English languages, as well as a need to improve the instruments' psychometric properties.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>
{"title":"Self-Assessment Instruments Related to Functional Ability for People Who Use Augmentative and Alternative Communication—A Scoping Review","authors":"Irina Savolainen, Maja Sigurd Pilesjö","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Everyone, regardless of whether they have disabilities, has the right to be heard and to participate in decisions that affect them, including their rehabilitation. Right to self-determination extends to individuals with severe speech impairments who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Self-assessment instruments can be used when exercising this right. Historically, there has been a limited focus on self-assessment instruments within the AAC field. This gap highlights the need to explore self-assessment in AAC, motivating this scoping review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim was to identify and characterize the self-assessment instruments developed in the AAC field to date. Our specific aim was to investigate the existing self-assessment instruments for both adult and paediatric AAC populations and identify gaps. We aimed to describe the availability, administration procedures and intended purposes of these instruments related to functional ability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PRISMA protocol for scoping reviews was followed for the search, inclusion, extraction and analysis of the studies. We included articles where self-assessment instruments were used by or considered for people who use AAC (PWUAAC). The aims of the instruments were analysed according to the categories in the personal factors domain of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Main Contributions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review presents a list of self-assessment instruments along with a thorough description for each. This list can be used in clinical practice and research in the AAC field. The lack of instruments in several areas should inspire their further development. A systematic approach to self-assessment in AAC could enhance autonomy and improve interventions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The review identified 22 instruments for self-assessment for PWUAAC of different ages, and most instruments used scales for responses. The focus of the instruments was on exploring the thoughts and beliefs of PWUAAC. The review revealed a lack of instruments addressing feelings, motives and non-English languages, as well as a need to improve the instruments' psychometric properties.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.70171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katharina Winiker, Sarah Stierli, Martin W. G. Brinkhof, Samra Hamzic, Hans Schwegler, Gabi Mueller
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>Tracheostomy management aims to achieve optimal decannulation outcomes in tracheostomized patients. Successful removal of the tracheal cannula (decannulation) is key from a physical and psychological health perspective. Decannulation success is commonly defined as the absence of physical complications leading to re-cannulation within a few hours or days post-decannulation. However, this definition does not account for complications occurring weeks or months later, or for (serious) complications that require actions other than re-cannulation. Additionally, the definition neglects the patients’ experience of the decannulation outcome. This manuscript outlines the protocol of a study designed to comprehensively evaluate decannulation outcomes long-term, incorporating both physical and psychological variables.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>This longitudinal, prospective, single-centre mixed-methods observational study entitled ‘Outcomes of tracheostomy decannulation: A longitudinal observational study’ aims to include a consecutive sample of 150 adult inpatients hospitalized in a large neurological rehabilitation centre specialized for spinal cord injury and prolonged weaning. Adult inpatients of various diagnoses who have undergone tracheostomy are eligible for inclusion if decannulation is sought and occurs in the study centre and if they are able to communicate in German, French, Italian, or English. Outcomes of interest include the rate and type of physical complications (occurring up to 3 months post-decannulation) and the consequences (e.g., intubation), the patients’ view on benefits/harms of decannulation, and human flourishing pre- and post-decannulation. Candidate prognostic variables for complications post-decannulation are examined 1 week prior to decannulation and 1 month and 3 months post-decannulation. Data relating to the decannulation process, including decannulation criteria, will be recorded. Complication rates will be evaluated over 3 months post-decannulation using Kaplan–Meier and Nelson–Aalen estimators and time-to-event analysis. Decannulation-related complications will be descriptively analysed. Longitudinal changes in patient perspectives on decannulation outcomes are qualitatively and descriptively assessed, and the distribution across groups with and without complications is assessed.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Discussion</h3> <p>A comprehensive understanding of physical and psychological decannulation outcomes will build the basis for optimized clinical decisions related to tracheostomy management and guide the development of an evidence-based clinical guideline for decannulation management.</p> </section>
{"title":"Outcomes of Tracheostomy Decannulation: Study Protocol for a Longitudinal Observational Study","authors":"Katharina Winiker, Sarah Stierli, Martin W. G. Brinkhof, Samra Hamzic, Hans Schwegler, Gabi Mueller","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1460-6984.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tracheostomy management aims to achieve optimal decannulation outcomes in tracheostomized patients. Successful removal of the tracheal cannula (decannulation) is key from a physical and psychological health perspective. Decannulation success is commonly defined as the absence of physical complications leading to re-cannulation within a few hours or days post-decannulation. However, this definition does not account for complications occurring weeks or months later, or for (serious) complications that require actions other than re-cannulation. Additionally, the definition neglects the patients’ experience of the decannulation outcome. This manuscript outlines the protocol of a study designed to comprehensively evaluate decannulation outcomes long-term, incorporating both physical and psychological variables.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This longitudinal, prospective, single-centre mixed-methods observational study entitled ‘Outcomes of tracheostomy decannulation: A longitudinal observational study’ aims to include a consecutive sample of 150 adult inpatients hospitalized in a large neurological rehabilitation centre specialized for spinal cord injury and prolonged weaning. Adult inpatients of various diagnoses who have undergone tracheostomy are eligible for inclusion if decannulation is sought and occurs in the study centre and if they are able to communicate in German, French, Italian, or English. Outcomes of interest include the rate and type of physical complications (occurring up to 3 months post-decannulation) and the consequences (e.g., intubation), the patients’ view on benefits/harms of decannulation, and human flourishing pre- and post-decannulation. Candidate prognostic variables for complications post-decannulation are examined 1 week prior to decannulation and 1 month and 3 months post-decannulation. Data relating to the decannulation process, including decannulation criteria, will be recorded. Complication rates will be evaluated over 3 months post-decannulation using Kaplan–Meier and Nelson–Aalen estimators and time-to-event analysis. Decannulation-related complications will be descriptively analysed. Longitudinal changes in patient perspectives on decannulation outcomes are qualitatively and descriptively assessed, and the distribution across groups with and without complications is assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive understanding of physical and psychological decannulation outcomes will build the basis for optimized clinical decisions related to tracheostomy management and guide the development of an evidence-based clinical guideline for decannulation management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145702572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Strömbergsson, Ella Edlund, Magdalena Pettersson, Nhan Phan, Mikko Kurimo
<div> <section> <h3> Background</h3> <p>For children with speech sound disorder (SSD), speech intervention often involves a considerable amount of home-training, to achieve high-enough training frequency to promote speech change. A digital speech-training app has been developed that could serve as a cost-effective means of providing accessible intervention to children with SSD.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Aims</h3> <p>To evaluate whether self-supervised home-training with the app <i>Pop2TalkNordic</i> can expedite more target-like speech for children with SSD and to explore children's experiences of using the app.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3> <p>Four 4–6-year-old Swedish children with SSD participated in a single-case experimental design study, with a multiple-baseline across-subjects design. The children's production of target error patterns was monitored during baseline and intervention phases, for trained and untrained stimulus words. Three weeks of self-supervised training with the app, with an aspired frequency of 5 days a week, in 15-min training sessions, served as the intervention. The children's app usage was tracked, and their production of target word stimuli was recorded via the app.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3> <p>None of the children reached more target-like production of targeted consonants as a result of the intervention. For two participants, slight improvement was observed on trained, but not untrained, word stimuli. In terms of user experiences, the children varied from liking the game a lot and finding it easy, to not liking the game much at all and finding it difficult.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3> <p>In its current form, and when delivered as a self-supervised training-activity over three weeks, training with <i>Pop2TalkNordic</i> is not sufficient to expedite more target-like speech in children with SSD. More parental engagement in the children's training with the app, and changes in game design (e.g., highlighting phonological contrast and allowing playback of multiple exemplars of target word items), are suggested routes to achieve better outcomes.</p> </section> <section> <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3> <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i> <ul>
{"title":"Self-Supervised App-Based Speech Training for Children With Speech Sound Disorder—A Single-Case Experimental Design Study","authors":"Sofia Strömbergsson, Ella Edlund, Magdalena Pettersson, Nhan Phan, Mikko Kurimo","doi":"10.1111/1460-6984.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1460-6984.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>For children with speech sound disorder (SSD), speech intervention often involves a considerable amount of home-training, to achieve high-enough training frequency to promote speech change. A digital speech-training app has been developed that could serve as a cost-effective means of providing accessible intervention to children with SSD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate whether self-supervised home-training with the app <i>Pop2TalkNordic</i> can expedite more target-like speech for children with SSD and to explore children's experiences of using the app.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Procedures</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four 4–6-year-old Swedish children with SSD participated in a single-case experimental design study, with a multiple-baseline across-subjects design. The children's production of target error patterns was monitored during baseline and intervention phases, for trained and untrained stimulus words. Three weeks of self-supervised training with the app, with an aspired frequency of 5 days a week, in 15-min training sessions, served as the intervention. The children's app usage was tracked, and their production of target word stimuli was recorded via the app.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Outcomes and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None of the children reached more target-like production of targeted consonants as a result of the intervention. For two participants, slight improvement was observed on trained, but not untrained, word stimuli. In terms of user experiences, the children varied from liking the game a lot and finding it easy, to not liking the game much at all and finding it difficult.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions and Implications</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In its current form, and when delivered as a self-supervised training-activity over three weeks, training with <i>Pop2TalkNordic</i> is not sufficient to expedite more target-like speech in children with SSD. More parental engagement in the children's training with the app, and changes in game design (e.g., highlighting phonological contrast and allowing playback of multiple exemplars of target word items), are suggested routes to achieve better outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div><i>What is already known on this subject</i>\u0000 \u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":49182,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1460-6984.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145646461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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