We examine consumer demand for animal-free dairy cheese produced using cellular agriculture. Our data is generated through a hypothetical choice experiment completed by 1249 UK residents. Using a mixed logit model, we predict that animal-free dairy cheese would have a conditional market share of 22% when priced at a 25% markup relative to premium conventional cheese. However, the market share is quite sensitive to price: only 2% of consumers would purchase animal-free dairy cheese if it were twice the price of premium conventional cheese. Three-quarters of consumers who purchase animal-free dairy cheese would have purchased conventional dairy cheese if animal-free dairy cheese were unavailable. We use our experimental results to examine the impact of higher conventional dairy cheese prices, such as those that might result from a tax on livestock products. We find that the introduction of animal-free dairy cheese reduces consumer losses from higher conventional dairy prices by about 20%.
{"title":"Cheese without cows: Consumer demand for animal-free dairy cheese made from cellular agriculture in the United Kingdom","authors":"Peter Slade, Oscar Zollman Thomas","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022-0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022-0150","url":null,"abstract":"We examine consumer demand for animal-free dairy cheese produced using cellular agriculture. Our data is generated through a hypothetical choice experiment completed by 1249 UK residents. Using a mixed logit model, we predict that animal-free dairy cheese would have a conditional market share of 22% when priced at a 25% markup relative to premium conventional cheese. However, the market share is quite sensitive to price: only 2% of consumers would purchase animal-free dairy cheese if it were twice the price of premium conventional cheese. Three-quarters of consumers who purchase animal-free dairy cheese would have purchased conventional dairy cheese if animal-free dairy cheese were unavailable. We use our experimental results to examine the impact of higher conventional dairy cheese prices, such as those that might result from a tax on livestock products. We find that the introduction of animal-free dairy cheese reduces consumer losses from higher conventional dairy prices by about 20%.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139358476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a response to imbalanced economic development across different regions, this study aims to explore how the Fair Trade nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) promote inclusive growth in areas facing insufficient institutional supports and challenging local conditions in a developing market. Through a 5-year longitudinal case study in the context of small-scale tea supply from rural China, this paper explores and identifies a set of institutional voids blocking economic growth and challenging the realisation of the Fair Trade goals. We systematically describe how the Fair Trade NGOs intervene and integrate with other actors in local supply chains. The results reveal important and complex roles the NGOs play in coping with the institutional voids to stimulate Fair Trade. From an institutional perspective, this paper finds that the Fair Trade NGOs can leverage and shape local institutions through collaboration in market structure building, norm promotion, and cognitive development to achieve inclusive growth. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the crucial roles NGOs may play in Fair Trade, inclusive growth, and poverty alleviation. They offer important and practical guidance for NGOs, small farmers, as well as relevant government agencies in their initiatives to fight poverty and achieve economic equality and inclusive growth.
{"title":"Inclusive Growth Through Fair Trade: An Empirical Case of NGOs’ Involvement in China","authors":"Yanhua Sun, Ruoxin Li, Wen Zheng, Hao Dong","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2023.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2023.0008","url":null,"abstract":"As a response to imbalanced economic development across different regions, this study aims to explore how the Fair Trade nongovernmental organisations (NGOs) promote inclusive growth in areas facing insufficient institutional supports and challenging local conditions in a developing market. Through a 5-year longitudinal case study in the context of small-scale tea supply from rural China, this paper explores and identifies a set of institutional voids blocking economic growth and challenging the realisation of the Fair Trade goals. We systematically describe how the Fair Trade NGOs intervene and integrate with other actors in local supply chains. The results reveal important and complex roles the NGOs play in coping with the institutional voids to stimulate Fair Trade. From an institutional perspective, this paper finds that the Fair Trade NGOs can leverage and shape local institutions through collaboration in market structure building, norm promotion, and cognitive development to achieve inclusive growth. Our findings contribute to the understanding of the crucial roles NGOs may play in Fair Trade, inclusive growth, and poverty alleviation. They offer important and practical guidance for NGOs, small farmers, as well as relevant government agencies in their initiatives to fight poverty and achieve economic equality and inclusive growth.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139362241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The realization of agricultural specialization in is often limited by the development of infrastructure, which is indicated by transaction costs, transportation conditions, and distance to markets; however, this might be remedied by institutional arrangements and collective action, as well as the development of internet and information technology. By using the data of China’s “One village, One product”, this article aims to examine the roles of new infrastructure and old infrastructure in agricultural specialization in China. In particular, whether new infrastructure of the emerging Internet and information technology can help these villages and towns to further expand their markets limited by old infrastructure is of great concern to us. The empirical results show that agricultural specialization is jointly determined by market distance and market scale, while internet and information technology itself can help in reducing the impact of market distances, the Internet and information technology reinforce the role of the market, which suggests that the Internet and information technology itself has not increased agricultural specialization in regions with unfavorable market conditions. Further policies facilitating new infrastructure are needed in remote villages and areas with backward markets to narrow location-induced inequalities by improving infrastructure and increasing public participation.
{"title":"Does new infrastructure outperform old infrastructure in China’s Agricultural Specialization: an empirical examination based on “One village One product”","authors":"Hongyun Han, Zhen Yuan, Kai Zou","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2023-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2023-0006","url":null,"abstract":"The realization of agricultural specialization in is often limited by the development of infrastructure, which is indicated by transaction costs, transportation conditions, and distance to markets; however, this might be remedied by institutional arrangements and collective action, as well as the development of internet and information technology. By using the data of China’s “One village, One product”, this article aims to examine the roles of new infrastructure and old infrastructure in agricultural specialization in China. In particular, whether new infrastructure of the emerging Internet and information technology can help these villages and towns to further expand their markets limited by old infrastructure is of great concern to us. The empirical results show that agricultural specialization is jointly determined by market distance and market scale, while internet and information technology itself can help in reducing the impact of market distances, the Internet and information technology reinforce the role of the market, which suggests that the Internet and information technology itself has not increased agricultural specialization in regions with unfavorable market conditions. Further policies facilitating new infrastructure are needed in remote villages and areas with backward markets to narrow location-induced inequalities by improving infrastructure and increasing public participation.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139362377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Slosse, J. Buysse, V. Vijaya, K. Schoors, M. D’haese
In the Eastern DRC, coffee farmers combine the different sales outlets available to them. Cooperative members sell coffee to the cooperatives they belong to as well as to informal markets, which include a channel of illegal cross-border smuggling. In this conflict affected region, the informal cross-border markets persist irrespective of the presence of cooperatives. This paper seeks to understand the motivating factors of the sideselling behavior of coffee cooperative members. We study the coffee production and sales of 339 cooperative members in the region and use a double hurdle model to understand which farm characteristics relate to the side-selling behavior. The omnipresence of side-selling in the cooperatives suggest that the unstable political and economic environment is conducive to this co-existence of informal trade and cooperative membership. Side-selling seems a deliberate strategy by the farmers that is tolerated by the cooperatives. The results suggest that farmers who are in a more precarious situation are more inclined to engage with informal markets. This is further underscored by the effect of food insecurity and lack of credit. Hence, the informal market is a safety net that allows immediate payment of coffee in contrast to cooperatives that are more formally organized.
{"title":"Coffee cooperatives and cross-border side-sales in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo: two sides of the same coin","authors":"W. Slosse, J. Buysse, V. Vijaya, K. Schoors, M. D’haese","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0131","url":null,"abstract":"In the Eastern DRC, coffee farmers combine the different sales outlets available to them. Cooperative members sell coffee to the cooperatives they belong to as well as to informal markets, which include a channel of illegal cross-border smuggling. In this conflict affected region, the informal cross-border markets persist irrespective of the presence of cooperatives. This paper seeks to understand the motivating factors of the sideselling behavior of coffee cooperative members. We study the coffee production and sales of 339 cooperative members in the region and use a double hurdle model to understand which farm characteristics relate to the side-selling behavior. The omnipresence of side-selling in the cooperatives suggest that the unstable political and economic environment is conducive to this co-existence of informal trade and cooperative membership. Side-selling seems a deliberate strategy by the farmers that is tolerated by the cooperatives. The results suggest that farmers who are in a more precarious situation are more inclined to engage with informal markets. This is further underscored by the effect of food insecurity and lack of credit. Hence, the informal market is a safety net that allows immediate payment of coffee in contrast to cooperatives that are more formally organized.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73694483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Blockchain technology is now being piloted to agri-food traceability systems to restore consumers’ confidence for food quality and safety. It is important for the industry to understand what information to be recorded and tracked in blockchain-based fresh produce traceability systems to meet consumers’ preferences for information. Yet little research has focused specifically on consumers’ preferences concerning information attributes traced by this new blockchain technology. This study conducts a best-worst scaling experiment with fresh fruit buyers in China to investigate consumers’ preference and perceived value regarding sixteen information attributes about blockchain-based fresh fruit traceability systems. The results from the analysis of a random parameter logit model reveal that consumers consistently rank testing information as the first-most valuable attribute, followed by production inputs (pesticides and fertilizers), quality certification and grades information attributes, while supplier and logistics information are considered to be the least valuable traceability one. Furthermore, there exist significant heterogeneity in relative value placed on traceable information attributes. The findings identify four different consumer segments by using a latent class modelling approach: (1) sensitivity for authoritative information, (2) preferences for comprehensive information, (3) information preferences equally, and (4) preferences for production inputs information. Preference heterogeneity is mainly explained by risk attitude, risk perception, information concern, traceability cognition, gender and other factors. The findings from this study can provide stakeholders and policymakers with certain insights as well as strategies on information provision and disclosure for fresh produce blockchain-based traceability.
{"title":"The role of information heterogeneity in blockchain-based traceability systems: evidence from fresh fruits buyers in China","authors":"Qianqian Zhai, Qian Li, A. Sher, Chao Chen","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0080","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain technology is now being piloted to agri-food traceability systems to restore consumers’ confidence for food quality and safety. It is important for the industry to understand what information to be recorded and tracked in blockchain-based fresh produce traceability systems to meet consumers’ preferences for information. Yet little research has focused specifically on consumers’ preferences concerning information attributes traced by this new blockchain technology. This study conducts a best-worst scaling experiment with fresh fruit buyers in China to investigate consumers’ preference and perceived value regarding sixteen information attributes about blockchain-based fresh fruit traceability systems. The results from the analysis of a random parameter logit model reveal that consumers consistently rank testing information as the first-most valuable attribute, followed by production inputs (pesticides and fertilizers), quality certification and grades information attributes, while supplier and logistics information are considered to be the least valuable traceability one. Furthermore, there exist significant heterogeneity in relative value placed on traceable information attributes. The findings identify four different consumer segments by using a latent class modelling approach: (1) sensitivity for authoritative information, (2) preferences for comprehensive information, (3) information preferences equally, and (4) preferences for production inputs information. Preference heterogeneity is mainly explained by risk attitude, risk perception, information concern, traceability cognition, gender and other factors. The findings from this study can provide stakeholders and policymakers with certain insights as well as strategies on information provision and disclosure for fresh produce blockchain-based traceability.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80201548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jody S. Herchenbach, Brian C. Briggeman, J. Bergtold, Aleksan Shanoyan, Sarah A. Low, Brandi Miller
Agricultural cooperatives in the United States are larger and more complex than ever before. Due to this growth, farmer directors need to up-skill to maximize farmer member benefits. Director education is generally considered a successful strategy for improving financial and strategic performance, yet little research has examined the skills U.S. agricultural cooperative directors need. This research identified skills – and, notably, behaviors – necessary for agricultural cooperative directors to ensure financial and operational success. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with cooperative leaders. Results were consistent across these three groups and suggest that successful directors must possess the following skills and behaviors: financial/business, governance, board leadership, industry knowledge and strategic planning. Results suggest that educating farmer directors on these skills and behaviors may benefit all farmer members of an agricultural cooperative.
{"title":"A qualitative assessment of farmer director skills in agricultural cooperatives","authors":"Jody S. Herchenbach, Brian C. Briggeman, J. Bergtold, Aleksan Shanoyan, Sarah A. Low, Brandi Miller","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0099","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural cooperatives in the United States are larger and more complex than ever before. Due to this growth, farmer directors need to up-skill to maximize farmer member benefits. Director education is generally considered a successful strategy for improving financial and strategic performance, yet little research has examined the skills U.S. agricultural cooperative directors need. This research identified skills – and, notably, behaviors – necessary for agricultural cooperative directors to ensure financial and operational success. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with cooperative leaders. Results were consistent across these three groups and suggest that successful directors must possess the following skills and behaviors: financial/business, governance, board leadership, industry knowledge and strategic planning. Results suggest that educating farmer directors on these skills and behaviors may benefit all farmer members of an agricultural cooperative.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84964850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid advances in biotechnology have made R&D (research & development) investments an important strategic goal. Yet, despite the increasing growth in R&D investments, an understanding of the decision-making processes surrounding the attainment of a firm’s R&D goal remains underdeveloped. This study addresses this gap where a firm’s R&D goal seeking process is offered. Specifically, unlike prior studies that focus on the firm’s financial goals (i.e. return on assets (ROA)), this R&D goal seeking process draws on a concept of R&D performance aspiration deviations (PAD) where it introduces risk-taking behaviors that impact a firm’s R&D investments. This study argues that a market’s technological progress or market dynamism also influences this R&D goal seeking process. In using fixed effects (FE) linear regressions, hypotheses were developed to examine these arguments in the biotechnology industry.
{"title":"R&D goal seeking and risk taking in biotechnology R&D investments","authors":"Desmond W. Ng","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0081","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid advances in biotechnology have made R&D (research & development) investments an important strategic goal. Yet, despite the increasing growth in R&D investments, an understanding of the decision-making processes surrounding the attainment of a firm’s R&D goal remains underdeveloped. This study addresses this gap where a firm’s R&D goal seeking process is offered. Specifically, unlike prior studies that focus on the firm’s financial goals (i.e. return on assets (ROA)), this R&D goal seeking process draws on a concept of R&D performance aspiration deviations (PAD) where it introduces risk-taking behaviors that impact a firm’s R&D investments. This study argues that a market’s technological progress or market dynamism also influences this R&D goal seeking process. In using fixed effects (FE) linear regressions, hypotheses were developed to examine these arguments in the biotechnology industry.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87018590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Non-tariff measures as hidden barriers to agricultural trade would not only result in production and welfare distortions due to the international relocation of activities along the agricultural value chain, but also yield subsequent consequences to both the scale and distribution of carbon emissions from the agri-food system. This paper estimates ad valorem equivalents of non-tariff measures using a gravity model in combination with detailed bilateral trade data of 2001-2019, and incorporates the estimations in the Global Trade Analysis Project model and a multi-regional input-output table of Eora26 to quantify economic and environmental impacts of non-tariff measures. We show that while tariff equivalents are on average positive for all types of non-tariff measures, there are substantial heterogeneities across countries and products. The extra trade barriers imposed by these measures would increase the scale of domestic agriculture-related sectors for most agriculture importing countries, and vice versa for major exporters. Meanwhile, they would reduce the global welfare at amount of 16 millions US dollars on average and in particular, the welfare of key imposers and targeting markets of non-tariff measures. Carbon emissions from the agri-food system tend to increase about 1% around the world, especially due to the larger food processing industry in developed countries. Our paper confirms that non-tariff measures lead to both welfare distortions and carbon emissions in the agri-food system. It thus calls for urgent needs to promote further reforms of the agricultural trade regime and the policy coordination across countries to facilitate agri-food system transformation with more integration and sustainability.
{"title":"Economic and environmental impacts of agricultural non-tariff measures: evidence based on ad valorem equivalent estimates","authors":"R. Mao, Yuhang Liu, Xiaoxi Wang","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0094","url":null,"abstract":"Non-tariff measures as hidden barriers to agricultural trade would not only result in production and welfare distortions due to the international relocation of activities along the agricultural value chain, but also yield subsequent consequences to both the scale and distribution of carbon emissions from the agri-food system. This paper estimates ad valorem equivalents of non-tariff measures using a gravity model in combination with detailed bilateral trade data of 2001-2019, and incorporates the estimations in the Global Trade Analysis Project model and a multi-regional input-output table of Eora26 to quantify economic and environmental impacts of non-tariff measures. We show that while tariff equivalents are on average positive for all types of non-tariff measures, there are substantial heterogeneities across countries and products. The extra trade barriers imposed by these measures would increase the scale of domestic agriculture-related sectors for most agriculture importing countries, and vice versa for major exporters. Meanwhile, they would reduce the global welfare at amount of 16 millions US dollars on average and in particular, the welfare of key imposers and targeting markets of non-tariff measures. Carbon emissions from the agri-food system tend to increase about 1% around the world, especially due to the larger food processing industry in developed countries. Our paper confirms that non-tariff measures lead to both welfare distortions and carbon emissions in the agri-food system. It thus calls for urgent needs to promote further reforms of the agricultural trade regime and the policy coordination across countries to facilitate agri-food system transformation with more integration and sustainability.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91322164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is essential for firms in the agri-food business to ensure specific product attributes in the long run and to avoid reputational damage. Competitive advantages cannot be achieved with such product attributes; however, they must be ensured to remain competitive in the long run. Searching for literature on competitive parity resulted to be very difficult and literature on competitive parity seems to merely exist in strategic management literature. The question arises as to whether competitive parity is also a strategic dimension to which companies must pay attention in strategic management, especially with regard to the allocation of scarce resources. Since the majority of firms in the agri-food business work together in supply chain networks, another research question arises: is competitive parity also relevant at the network-level? To answer these questions a systematic literature review, which is based on deliberately chosen leading journals in the field of strategic management and chain management, is conducted. Results on the firm-level and the network-level show that there is hardly any literature on competitive parity available. This paper aims to contribute to a better theoretical understanding of competitive parity in strategic management. It develops a theoretical frame of chain management which combines the aspects of competitive parity with those of chain management in the agri-food business. From this, managerial implications for focal firms in the agri-food industry as well as implications for future research in this field should be derived.
{"title":"Competitive parity as strategic dimension – little to gain, much to lose","authors":"Barbara Richter, J. Hanf","doi":"10.22434/ifamr2022.0101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2022.0101","url":null,"abstract":"It is essential for firms in the agri-food business to ensure specific product attributes in the long run and to avoid reputational damage. Competitive advantages cannot be achieved with such product attributes; however, they must be ensured to remain competitive in the long run. Searching for literature on competitive parity resulted to be very difficult and literature on competitive parity seems to merely exist in strategic management literature. The question arises as to whether competitive parity is also a strategic dimension to which companies must pay attention in strategic management, especially with regard to the allocation of scarce resources. Since the majority of firms in the agri-food business work together in supply chain networks, another research question arises: is competitive parity also relevant at the network-level? To answer these questions a systematic literature review, which is based on deliberately chosen leading journals in the field of strategic management and chain management, is conducted. Results on the firm-level and the network-level show that there is hardly any literature on competitive parity available. This paper aims to contribute to a better theoretical understanding of competitive parity in strategic management. It develops a theoretical frame of chain management which combines the aspects of competitive parity with those of chain management in the agri-food business. From this, managerial implications for focal firms in the agri-food industry as well as implications for future research in this field should be derived.","PeriodicalId":49187,"journal":{"name":"International Food and Agribusiness Management Review","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77711153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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