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Techlex: a corporate practice to initiate inclusive agri-food value chain development in China Techlex:在中国发起包容性农业食品价值链发展的企业实践
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0097
Yunyi Zhou, Song Hu, Kevin Z. Chen
A tradeoff lies between inclusiveness and economic efficiency in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals such as poverty reduction, food security, and climate resilience. Vertical coordination between agribusinesses and farmers, in tandem with corporate social responsibility, has been perceived as an approach to surmount such tradeoff from a micro perspective. In a localized context of developing economies, the vertical coordination with farmers is reducible to a path for agribusinesses towards inclusive local value chain development (LVCD) at the grassroots level. However, few models are documented for agribusiness managers to refer to in practice. This study harnesses the Techlex Group and its pig business as a case, zooming in on the vertical coordination of agribusiness and vulnerable smallholders in lagging rural areas of China. Based on an overview of China’s pig industry and Techlex’s value chain, this study highlights three inclusive models and their alternatives for the LVCD. Though proffered in the Chinese context, those models can enrich the LVCD toolkit and be attuned to fit a different scenario.
实现减贫、粮食安全和气候适应能力等可持续发展目标需要在包容性和经济效率之间进行权衡。农业综合企业和农民之间的纵向协调,加上企业的社会责任,已被视为一种从微观角度克服这种权衡的方法。在发展中经济体的本地化背景下,与农民的垂直协调可以简化为农业综合企业在基层实现包容性当地价值链发展(LVCD)的途径。然而,很少有模型被记录下来供农业综合企业管理者在实践中参考。本研究以泰科斯集团及其养猪业务为例,聚焦于中国落后农村地区农业综合企业与弱势小农之间的纵向协调。基于对中国养猪业和Techlex价值链的概述,本研究重点介绍了LVCD的三种包容性模式及其替代方案。尽管这些模型是在中国的背景下提供的,但它们可以丰富LVCD工具包,并进行调整以适应不同的场景。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting global well-being through fairtrade food: the role of international exposure 通过公平贸易食品促进全球福祉:国际曝光的作用
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0078
F. Yamoah, D. Yawson
Social preference theory highlights an alternative explanation for consumption choices that are not consistent with rational economic decision making. In the current research, social preference theorizing is advanced by highlighting consumers’ exposure to developing countries (international exposure) as a factor that increases disposition to support fairtrade. The study shows that internationally exposed consumers through direct and indirect means demonstrate social concern by engaging in fairtrade food purchasing behaviour. Managers employing social preference appeals could prioritise internationally exposed consumers and heighten perceptions of equality restoration for a global reference group. The results imply that fairtrade marketers and public policymakers should highlight the benefits of fairtrade products to promote global equity.
社会偏好理论强调了与理性经济决策不一致的消费选择的另一种解释。在目前的研究中,社会偏好理论是通过强调消费者对发展中国家的暴露(国际暴露)作为增加倾向于支持公平贸易的因素而提出的。研究表明,国际消费者通过直接和间接的方式参与公平贸易食品购买行为,表现出社会关注。利用社会偏好呼吁的管理者可以优先考虑有国际背景的消费者,并提高对全球参考群体恢复平等的认识。研究结果表明,公平贸易营销者和公共政策制定者应强调公平贸易产品的好处,以促进全球公平。
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引用次数: 2
How has the new round of farmland certification in China affected farmers’ economic welfare? 中国新一轮农地认证对农民的经济福利有何影响?
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2022.0009
Danny Yang, Xiaoli Wang, Yung-chi Tang, Zimin Liu, Xiaohua Yu
It is vital to evaluate the effects of China’s farmland certification programme on farmers’ economic welfare and clarify the impact mechanism. This paper uses the China Labour Dynamics Survey (2014, 2016),1 building endogenous switching regression and endogenous switching probit models to test the impact of the farmland certification programme on farmers’ net agricultural income and poverty status after correcting for endogeneity. A robustness analysis is conducted applying instrumental variable and propensity score matching methods. The results indicate that the farmland certification programme can significantly increase farmer households’ economic welfare, including an 83.10% improvement in agricultural net income and a 3.17% reduction in poverty. Farmland certification also prompts farmers to allocate more resources to agriculture and reduces poverty by increasing farmers’ agricultural income. This study presents a constructive evaluation of the performance of China’s farmland certification policy, providing a strong theoretical and empirical foundation and a useful policy reference for consolidating the achievements of poverty alleviation and effectively linking rural revitalisation.
评估中国农地认证制度对农民经济福利的影响,厘清其影响机制具有重要意义。本文利用中国劳动力动态调查(2014、2016)1,构建内生转换回归和内生转换probit模型,在修正内生性后检验农地认证计划对农民农业净收入和贫困状况的影响。应用工具变量和倾向评分匹配方法进行稳健性分析。结果表明,农地认证项目能显著提高农户经济福利,农业净收入提高83.10%,贫困率降低3.17%。农地认证还促使农民将更多资源分配给农业,并通过增加农民的农业收入来减少贫困。本研究对中国农地认证政策的绩效进行了建设性评价,为巩固扶贫成果、有效衔接乡村振兴提供了强有力的理论和实证基础和有益的政策参考。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural support and spatial price transmission: evidence from China’s maize sector 农业支持与价格空间传导:来自中国玉米行业的证据
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0160
Jiawu Dai, Yuchen Feng, Yan Wang, Xiuqing Wang
A market-oriented reform of China’s 2016 Temporary Purchase and Storage Policy (TPSP) is important for improving the price-forming mechanism of maize. Using monthly, province-level panel data and a dynamic spatial econometric model, this study distinguishes the heterogeneous spatial price transmissions of maize under officially supportive and market-oriented regimes. Our empirical results show that the spatial transmission of maize prices was remarkably distorted under the TPSP. Simultaneously, its market-oriented reform has greatly reduced regional price differences and generated a more flexible and much smoother spatial price transmission. The reform provides important insights for improving agricultural support regimes for other products in China.
中国2016年临时收储政策的市场化改革对完善玉米价格形成机制具有重要意义。利用月度、省级面板数据和动态空间计量模型,研究了官方支持和市场导向体制下玉米价格的异质性空间传导。实证结果表明,在TPSP下,玉米价格的空间传导明显扭曲。同时,市场化改革大大缩小了区域价格差异,使空间价格传导更加灵活、顺畅。这一改革为完善中国其他农产品的农业支持制度提供了重要启示。
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引用次数: 0
Reducing food waste from social innovation perspective: a review of measures, research gaps and future directions 社会创新视角下减少食物浪费:措施、研究缺口和未来发展方向综述
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2022.0006
Guoqing Zhao, Shaofeng Liu, Yi Wang, Carmen Lopez, A. Ong, Xiaoning Chen
Food waste (FW) has been increasingly recognized as a severe environmental, social, and economic problem. Therefore, it should be tackled innovatively by analyzing and synthesizing existing solutions. This study aims to achieve a comprehensive understanding of different social innovation measures adopted for reducing FW using a systematic literature review. After locating, collecting, evaluating, and analyzing 50 publications from four databases, we conclude that social innovation activities such as digital food-sharing platforms, social supermarkets, solidarity stores, and food rescue hubs are widely deployed in different FW reduction processes. Based on the findings, we synthesized several research gaps and proposed corresponding future research directions related to research methodology, country, food redistribution, food rescue, food donation, and food sharing. These directions include conducting research to develop suitable key performance indicators to evaluate the performance of digital food-sharing platforms, linking with specific theory to conduct empirical research on partnership analysis regarding social supermarkets, and investigating the structure of multiplex relations among different participants in the food rescue activities using social network analysis. We suggest that more keywords should be scrutinized and included when searching publications in future research as keyword selection is subjective.
食物浪费日益被认为是一个严重的环境、社会和经济问题。因此,应该通过分析和综合现有的解决方案来创新地解决这个问题。本研究旨在通过系统的文献综述,全面了解为减少FW而采取的不同社会创新措施。在对来自四个数据库的50份出版物进行定位、收集、评估和分析后,我们得出结论,数字食品共享平台、社会超市、团结商店和食品救援中心等社会创新活动在不同的FW减少过程中得到了广泛的应用。在此基础上,我们从研究方法、国家、粮食再分配、粮食救援、粮食捐赠、粮食共享等方面综合了若干研究空白,并提出了相应的未来研究方向。这些方向包括研究制定合适的关键绩效指标来评估数字食品共享平台的绩效;结合具体理论对社会超市的伙伴关系分析进行实证研究;利用社会网络分析研究食品救助活动中不同参与者之间的多元关系结构。由于关键词的选择是主观的,我们建议在未来的研究中,在搜索出版物时应该仔细检查和包含更多的关键词。
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引用次数: 0
Smallholder farmers’ willingness to pay for commercial insect-based chicken feed in Kenya 肯尼亚小农购买商业昆虫鸡饲料的意愿
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2022.0047
Afrika Onguko Okello, D. Otieno, J. Nzuma, M. Kidoido, C. Tanga
The cost of chicken production in developing countries is 300% higher than in developed nations. Overreliance on the key protein feed ingredients especially soybean and fishmeal (SFM) that are characterized by rising food-feed competition and supply chain impediments exacerbate the situation. The use of insect protein as a sustainable alternative protein source has attracted global attention recently. However, there is a dearth of empirical insights on farmers’ preferences for commercial insect-based feed for chicken production in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study evaluated farmers’ willingness to pay for attributes of insect-based commercial chicken feed in Kenya using a choice experiment based on a survey of 314 predominantly chicken farmers. Results show that the farmers are willing to pay premium prices ranging between US$ 0.35 and US$ 3.45 for insect-based feed in the form of either pellets or mash, feed explicitly labelled as containing insects, insect protein feed mixed with SFM and dark-colored feed. These findings provide evidence for multi-stakeholder collaborations to facilitate the creation of an inclusive insect-based feed regulatory framework for sustainable feed and chicken production.
发展中国家的鸡肉生产成本比发达国家高出300%。过度依赖主要蛋白质饲料成分,特别是大豆和鱼粉(SFM),其特点是食品饲料竞争加剧和供应链障碍,加剧了这种情况。近年来,利用昆虫蛋白作为一种可持续的替代蛋白质来源引起了全球的关注。然而,缺乏关于撒哈拉以南非洲农民对用于鸡生产的商业昆虫饲料的偏好的经验见解。本研究基于对314名主要养鸡户的调查,通过选择实验评估了肯尼亚农民为昆虫基商业鸡饲料的属性付费的意愿。结果表明,农民愿意支付0.35美元至3.45美元的溢价,购买颗粒或糊状形式的昆虫饲料、明确标明含有昆虫的饲料、混合SFM的昆虫蛋白饲料和深色饲料。这些发现为多方利益相关者合作提供了证据,以促进建立包容性的昆虫饲料监管框架,促进可持续饲料和鸡肉生产。
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引用次数: 1
Factors affecting the choice of governance structure along the vegetable value chain in Bangladesh 影响孟加拉国蔬菜价值链治理结构选择的因素
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-13 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0131
Dabasis Sharma, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, I. A. Begum, A. McKenzie
Analyzing governance structure is considered important when designing development interventions in the value chain. The objective of this paper was to explore the governance structure (GS) in cauliflower and tomato value chain, specifically the types of GS followed by the farmers and factors behind these choices. The two-stage random sampling procedure was used to collect data from 100 farmers whereas 60 traders were surveyed purposively for this study. Multinomial logit model was used to analyze the factors affecting farmer’s choice of GS. Trader’s perceptions regarding internal and external governance as well as good governance indicators were assessed by utilizing non-parametric test. Cauliflower and tomato farmers were involved in practicing spot market, relational, farmer’s association and outgrowing scheme-based GS. The results showed that the probability to choose relational, outgrowing scheme and farmer’s association-based GS were significantly affected by education of farmers, distance to the nearest market, access to extension services, access to price information, trust commitment, transaction specific investment, preferences of diversification, farm size, transactional uncertainty, and access to producer’s cooperative. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-U test established trader’s dissimilation towards governance indicators. The study suggests that smallholder farmers need to be well organized and coordination mechanisms among all stakeholders should be increased.
在设计价值链中的开发干预措施时,分析治理结构被认为是重要的。本文的目的是探讨花椰菜和番茄价值链中的治理结构(GS),特别是农民所遵循的GS类型以及这些选择背后的因素。采用两阶段随机抽样方法收集了100名农民的数据,并对60名贸易商进行了有目的的调查。采用多项logit模型分析了农户选择农产品的影响因素。利用非参数检验评估了交易者对内部和外部治理以及良好治理指标的看法。菜花和番茄种植者参与了现货市场、关系、农民协会和以种植计划为基础的GS的实践。结果表明,农户的受教育程度、与最近市场的距离、获得推广服务的机会、获得价格信息的机会、信任承诺、交易特定投资、多样化偏好、农场规模、交易不确定性和获得生产者合作社的机会显著影响了农户选择关系型、超长方案和基于农民协会的GS的概率。Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-U检验确定了交易者对治理指标的异化。该研究建议,小农需要很好地组织起来,并应加强所有利益相关者之间的协调机制。
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引用次数: 2
A dynamic systems analysis of factors affecting success of identity-preserved products: the case of high-oleic soybeans 影响同源保存产品成功的因素的动态系统分析:以高油酸大豆为例
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-10-07 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0132
C. Nicholson, K. McRoberts, Besir Suleyman Öz, B. Kopainsky
The factors contributing to success of identity-preserved (IP) products are understood conceptually, but are rarely quantified. A combination of system dynamics modeling and group modeling building with value chain stakeholders provides a generalizable approach to quantify the relative importance of individual factors and identify information needed to assess market potential. The limited growth of IP high-oleic soybean oil (HOSO) provides a case example for application of these methods. The specific assumptions and results for HOSO will differ from other IP products, but some outcomes appear generalizable. First, the values of key drivers need to be documented over time, including the relative cost of the IP and the proportion of potential end users that are aware of the potential benefits. Because sustained cost advantages are a key driver of end-user switching behavior for HOSO, understanding the patterns for relative costs over time would be important to develop realistic estimates of sales growth. Similarly, our analyses suggest that assessment of end-user awareness is important, which may require use of alternative communication channels and monitoring efforts by key decision makers throughout the value chain, including product formulators and procurement staff.
有助于身份保护(IP)产品成功的因素在概念上被理解,但很少被量化。系统动力学建模和与价值链利益相关者的组建模的组合提供了一种可推广的方法来量化单个因素的相对重要性,并确定评估市场潜力所需的信息。IP高油酸大豆油(HOSO)的有限生长为这些方法的应用提供了实例。HOSO的具体假设和结果将与其他知识产权产品不同,但有些结果似乎是可以概括的。首先,需要长期记录关键驱动因素的价值,包括知识产权的相对成本和意识到潜在利益的潜在最终用户的比例。由于持续的成本优势是HOSO最终用户转换行为的关键驱动因素,因此了解相对成本随时间变化的模式对于制定切合实际的销售增长估计非常重要。同样,我们的分析表明,对最终用户意识的评估很重要,这可能需要使用替代的沟通渠道,并由整个价值链的关键决策者(包括产品配方师和采购人员)进行监测。
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引用次数: 0
AgriTech investor and informant perspectives about cellular agriculture AgriTech投资者和信息提供者对细胞农业的看法
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-27 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2022.0017
Mark A. Gagnon, G. Broad, Kelia Grandison, R. Chiles
Investor and venture capital activity within food, agriculture and bio renewables (AgriTech) continues to accelerate. Investors recognize promise in AgriTech due to pressing demand to provide food and bio renewable materials for our growing population. Cellular agriculture, meat produced in vitro versus in vivo is one specific space where exceptional investor activity is occurring. This work captures investor and key informant perspectives primarily from North America about cellular agriculture by utilizing thematic analysis from qualitative interview data. Findings highlight the role and perspectives of strategic capital as a necessary mechanism to fund bringing cellular meat technologies to the marketplace. The data also indicated that cellular agriculture products would likely complement existing meat products like plant-based meats and that massive infrastructure is required to produce these products at scale. In addition, respondents posited that higher income, urban and politically liberal consumers would likely be early adopters of cellular meat products and that a significant challenge will be providing availability to the wider less affluent population.
食品、农业和生物可再生能源(AgriTech)领域的投资者和风险投资活动继续加速。由于迫切需要为不断增长的人口提供食品和生物可再生材料,投资者认识到了AgriTech的前景。细胞农业,即体外与体内生产的肉类,是投资者正在进行特殊活动的一个特定领域。这项工作通过利用定性访谈数据的专题分析,主要从北美获取投资者和关键信息提供者对细胞农业的看法。研究结果强调了战略资本作为将细胞肉技术推向市场的必要机制的作用和前景。数据还表明,细胞农业产品可能会补充现有的肉类产品,如植物性肉类,大规模生产这些产品需要大量的基础设施。此外,受访者认为,高收入、城市和政治自由的消费者可能是细胞肉制品的早期采用者,而向更广泛的不富裕人群提供可用性将是一个重大挑战。
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引用次数: 1
Can food ordering apps help combat food fraud through providing food safety information? Consumer responses to gutter-oil-free claim on Koubei 订餐应用能否通过提供食品安全信息帮助打击食品欺诈?消费者对口碑上的无地沟油声明的回应
IF 1.5 4区 经济学 Q2 Business, Management and Accounting Pub Date : 2022-09-06 DOI: 10.22434/ifamr2021.0116
Na Hao, Holly Wang, Beiqi Zhu
The illegal use of gutter oil (GO) as cooking oil is a serious food fraud problem in China and has raised widespread concerns. With the popular use of internet, Koubei, a food ordering app, launched a campaign that every restaurant could pledge on the platform that it is GO free. This paper evaluates whether consumers value the GO-free feature reflected on their willingness-to-pay (WTP) to the claim. Results show the GO-free claim receives a positive WTP, and consumers are even more sensitive to the GO-free pledged by small businesses and independent restaurants. For policy implications, results confirm the advantages that the online platforms have in providing food safety information and alleviating the market failure caused by asymmetric information. It will complement the governments’ efforts in preventing GO use and other fraud behaviors in food markets.
在中国,非法使用地沟油作为食用油是一个严重的食品欺诈问题,引起了广泛关注。随着互联网的普及,订餐应用口碑发起了一项活动,每家餐厅都可以在该平台上承诺不使用GO。本文评估了消费者是否重视GO-free特征,反映了他们对索赔的支付意愿(WTP)。结果显示,消费者对“不含go”的WTP评价为正,并且对小企业和独立餐厅的“不含go”承诺更为敏感。在政策意义上,研究结果证实了网络平台在提供食品安全信息和缓解信息不对称导致的市场失灵方面的优势。它将补充政府在防止食品市场上使用氧化石墨烯和其他欺诈行为方面的努力。
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引用次数: 1
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International Food and Agribusiness Management Review
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