Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery最新文献

Ossifying fibroma (OF) is an uncommon benign fibro-osseous lesion commonly occurring in the jaws, particularly in the mandible. While OF is expected in the jaws, multiple lesions are extremely rare. This article provides a comprehensive review of all published cases of OF, including those reported from 1968 to the present. In addition, it provides a case report of bilateral OF in the mandible, an incidental finding in a 32-year-old female.

Hansen's disease (leprosy) can have a myriad of presentations. The rheumatological presentation of leprosy has been described as the third most common presentation, following skin and nerve involvement. Aural involvement mimicking relapsing polychondritis (RPC) is rare in Hansen's disease. In this article, we describe a case series of patients of Hansens's disease presented with auricular perichondritis mimicking RPC. Although a clinical distinction can be made between the two, one should always support the diagnosis with tissue confirmation and avoid inappropriate immunosuppressive therapy.

Zenker's diverticulum is a type of false pulsion diverticulum arising from the gap between the inferior constrictor muscle and the cricopharyngeus, secondary to heightened pressure within the lumen and a malfunctioning cricopharyngeal muscle. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment having exceptional success rates with the post-surgical risk of recurrence lying between 4.2 and 18.4%. The common surgical techniques being used at present are open diverticulectomy with cricopharyngeal myotomy, endoscopic CO2 laser diverticulotomy and endoscopic staple diverticulotomy [1] Here, we are presenting a novel surgical closure technique using tissue staplers for Zenker's diverticulum for a patient who underwent transcervical diverticulectomy which gave a satisfactory postoperative outcome, at par with the other surgical techniques that are currently being employed. A 72-year-old male who presented to us with complaints of regurgitation, dysphagia, chronic cough and foreign body sensation in the throat for the past 6 months was eventually diagnosed with pharyngeal diverticulum after radiological evaluation. Our fresh approach lies in its closure wherein the diverticulum was closed using tissue staplers, instead of the traditional sutures and excised with utmost hemostasis being secured. At his one-year follow-up, the patient had no complaints and was completely relieved of his previous symptoms.

Kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE) is a rare aggressive vascular tumour of intermediate malignant potential and often associated with thrombocytopaenia, known as the Kasabach-Merritt phenomenon (KMP). Herein, we report a case of a 3-month-old child with a left neck mass, subsequently diagnosed with KHE, complicated with KMP. This case was managed with a multidisciplinary team involvement and successfully treated with the combination of steroids and sirolimus. As the diagnosis of KHE itself is rare, one may miss the differential diagnosis causing a delay in referral and subsequently late in diagnosis and initiating the treatment.

The purpose of this study is to explore how headphones influence balance performance among young females. Given the increasing popularity of headphones among young people, this study aims to investigate their impact on balance, an area that has not been extensively studied. A convenient sample of 30 females between the ages of 18 and 25 years was included in this comparative study. Time Up and Go test and Balance Master System were used to test balance. The study used the Balance Master System to perform the following four tests; modified clinical test of sensory interaction on balance (mCTSIB), rhythmic weight shift, step-up-and-over, sit-to-stand tests. Tests were conducted with and without headphones to listen to music. The results revealed that participants exhibited significantly better balance, indicated by lower sway values for most of the mCTSIB test when listening to auditory content through headphones (P ≤ 0.05). The other balance tests showed no significant differences between the two conditions. These findings align with the existing knowledge about auditory stimuli in balance control and prompt us to consider the potential implications. Listening to music through headphones may significantly impact balance and stability, raising thought-provoking questions for future research and practical applications.

Septo-/rhinoplasty, combining septoplasty and rhinoplasty, addresses both functional nasal impairments and aesthetic concerns. While immediate outcomes are well-studied, long-term impacts on quality of life (QoL) are less explored. Evaluating QoL provides insights into the procedure's comprehensive benefits and limitations. This review synthesizes evidence on long-term QoL changes following septo-/rhinoplasty, identifies predictors of improved outcomes, and offers recommendations to optimize patient satisfaction. A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS framework. Inclusion criteria focused on patients with external nasal deformities and/or deviated nasal septum undergoing primary functional or cosmeto-functional septo-/rhinoplasty. Studies published between 2014 and 2024 were included. Validated QoL scales such as Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation were used. Sixteen studies involving 2270 patients met the criteria. Significant long-term QoL improvements were observed across physical, psychological, and social dimensions. Enhanced nasal function, better facial aesthetics, and increased self-confidence were reported. Turbinectomy showed marginally better symptom relief, but no significant differences were found between open and closed rhinoplasty techniques. Patient demographics and psychological traits influenced outcomes. The studies were of moderate to high quality, though randomized trials were lacking. Septo-/rhinoplasty significantly enhances QoL by addressing functional and aesthetic concerns. Improvements in nasal obstruction correlate strongly with overall QoL. Patient-centered care and realistic counseling are essential for optimal satisfaction. Future randomized studies should focus on subgroup-specific outcomes to strengthen the evidence base.

The purpose of this study is to emphasize the importance of clinical, biological and radiological evaluation for optimal management of patients with deep neck infections. The records of 111 patients treated for deep neck infection were retrospectively reviewed. Admission scores as the LRINEC (Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis) score, the neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio and a predictive score for potential cervical abscess drainage (SAID) have been validated, helping to provide optimal therapy for these patients. Statistically, no significant correlation was observed between the localization and the complications rate. In our series, the statistical analysis demonstrated that clinical combination of cervical swelling (P < 0.001), floor of mouth swelling (P = 0.003) and SAID (P = 0.008) is associated with surgical management. After univariate analysis, a biological factor (the white blood cell neutrophil count) (P = 0.003) and the biological scores NLR (P = 0.003; OR 4.13), LRINEC (P = 0.018; OR 2.93) and SAID (P < 0.001; OR 5.46) were found to be significantly associated with complications. On the other hand, our results demonstrated a significant association (P = 0.002) between the prescription of corticosteroid therapy and the length of hospitalization. Our results confirmed that the white blood cell neutrophil count as biological factor and the biological scores NLR, LRINEC and SAID were found to be significantly associated with complications. Moreover, our study demonstrated a significant association between the prescription of corticosteroid therapy and the length of hospitalization.

Craniopharyngiomas are uncommon benign intracranial tumours with aggressive behaviour predominantly seen in the suprasellar region. Two distinct subtypes have been identified: adamantinomatous, usually seen in childhood, and papillary, most often found in middle-aged adults. We describe a rare adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma in the sinonasal region with intraorbital extension in an adolescent female who presented with chronic left-sided nasal blockage and left eye proptosis. The tumour was successfully resected via an endonasal transsphenoidal approach, and no residual tumour was found in post-operative imaging. Clinicians must consider this disease as a possible differential diagnosis in the presence of a sinonasal mass. Early recognition of sinonasal craniopharyngioma enables prompt treatment that can minimise its associated long-term morbidities and achieve disease-free status.

Laryngeal cancer, one of the top three head and neck cancers, requires timely diagnosis and staging for effective management and improved patient outcomes. Thyroid cartilage penetration indicates advanced cancer and is crucial for treatment planning. However, identifying cartilage abnormalities on CT images is challenging due to age-related changes, and use of machine learning (ML) models has been proposed as a possible way forward. In this feasibility study, we manually segmented thyroid cartilage in 39 CT images from the HaN-Seg dataset using 3D Slicer. Radiomic features were extracted with Slicer Radiomics, and statistical and ML analyses were conducted using Jamovi and MATLAB. Manual segmentation of thyroid cartilage was successful, yielding 107 radiomic features. Significant gender and age-related differences were identified. ML models classified gender with 100% accuracy and age group with 85.71% accuracy. Regression models showed improved accuracy with transformed variables. Radiomic analysis of thyroid cartilage is promising for classifying age-related change. Subsequent studies on this could aid in laryngeal cancer staging, distinguishing between normal and tumour-infiltrated cartilage.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-025-05609-y.

Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma of the scalp is a rare tumor deriving from the sweat glands. It is typically located on the head and is often mistaken for a metastasis from a more common primary tumor of the breast or gastrointestinal tract. We report a case in a 54-year-old female, who presented with a slow growing mass near the right frontoparietal region of the scalp. An incisional biopsy of the lesion revealed mucinous carcinoma of the skin. Investigations excluded the possibility of metastatic mucinous carcinoma. Thus, the lesion in the lateral canthus region was diagnosed as primary mucinous carcinoma of the skin, a slow-growing tumor which rarely metastasizes and is associated with low mortality. The patient was managed with a wide excision and split skin graft of the scalp. The patient is doing well after 36 months of follow-up.