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Modified penile reconstruction in classic bladder exstrophy: Can complete corporal covering of the urethral closure be achieved using incomplete disassembly technique? 典型膀胱外翻的改良阴茎重建术:使用不完全拆卸技术能否实现尿道闭合的完全体表覆盖?
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0194
Vasily V Nikolaev, Nikita V Demin

Purpose: To answer the question of whether it is possible to achieve complete corporal covering of the urethral closure using incomplete penile disassembly in classic bladder exstrophy. We hypothesize that mobilization of the corpora under Buck's fascia, their dorsal translocation through the incisions in Buck's fascia and suturing corporal convex sides above the urethra would allow extend corporal covering of the urethra, reducing the risk of urethra-cutaneous fistula formation.

Materials and methods: A prospective follow-up on all boys who underwent the modified Cantwell-Ransley primary penile reconstruction was conducted. Inclusion criteria comprised bladder exstrophy closure in our institution, ensuring a postoperative follow-up period of no less than 24 months. The key innovation of the technique lies in a deep dissection of the dependent corpora under Buck's fascia, followed by their dorsal relocation through extended dorsal incisions in Buck's fascia, and limited external corporal rotation 90 degrees only at the base of the penis.

Results: Between November 2019 and March 2022, 18 boys aged 11 to 35 months met the inclusion criteria and underwent the modified penile reconstruction. Surgical procedures and postoperative period did not include any major complications. Total corporal covering of the urethral sutures was achieved in 15 of 18 patients. No urethra-cutaneous fistulas were observed within 2 years of follow-up. All individuals demonstrated spontaneous erections, and the absence of dorsal curvature was documented.

Conclusion: The modified technique of incomplete penile disassembly applied in a homogenous group of patients with classic bladder exstrophy allows penile shaft elongation, improved aesthetic outcomes, preserved erections, and eliminates dorsal curvature. The technique demonstrated feasibility and reliability while maintaining positive effects on tissue circulation. The absence of urethra-cutaneous fistulae is attributed to the complete corporal covering of the urethral sutures and supports the initial hypothesis.

目的:回答典型膀胱外翻患者是否有可能通过不完全阴茎拆解实现尿道闭合的完全体表覆盖。我们假设,在 Buck 筋膜下移动阴茎头,通过 Buck 筋膜切口将阴茎头背侧移位,并在尿道上方缝合阴茎头凸面,这样就能延长阴茎头对尿道的覆盖,降低尿道-皮肤瘘形成的风险:对所有接受改良Cantwell-Ransley阴茎重建术的男孩进行前瞻性随访。纳入标准包括膀胱萎缩闭合,确保术后随访期不少于 24 个月。该技术的关键创新点在于深层剥离巴克筋膜下的依附体,然后通过延长巴克筋膜的背侧切口将其背侧移位,并仅在阴茎根部进行有限的体外旋转90度:2019年11月至2022年3月期间,18名年龄在11至35个月之间的男孩符合纳入标准,并接受了改良阴茎重建术。手术过程和术后未出现任何重大并发症。18 名患者中有 15 人实现了尿道缝合线的完全覆盖。随访两年内未发现尿道皮肤瘘。所有患者均能自然勃起,且无阴茎背曲:结论:在同质的典型膀胱外翻患者中应用改良的阴茎不完全分解技术,可以延长阴茎轴、改善美观效果、保持勃起并消除阴茎背曲。该技术证明了其可行性和可靠性,同时对组织循环也有积极影响。尿道-皮肤瘘管的缺失归因于尿道缝线的完全体表覆盖,并支持了最初的假设。
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引用次数: 0
Step-by-step Peritoneal Bladder Flap Bunching (PBFB) technique: an innovative approach following lymph node dissection in robotic radical prostatectomy. 分步腹膜膀胱瓣打结(PBFB)技术:机器人前列腺癌根治术中淋巴结清扫后的创新方法。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0278
Ahmed Gamal, Marcio Covas Moschovas, Abdel Rahman Jaber, Shady Saikali, Sumeet Reddy, Ela Patel, Evan Patel, Travis Rogers, Vipul Patel

Introduction: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) has become a popular surgical approach for localized prostate cancer due to its favorable oncological and functional outcomes, as well as lower morbidity. In cases of intermediate- and high-risk prostate cancer, bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) is recommended as an adjunct to RARP (1-3). Despite its benefits, PLND can lead to surgical complications, with postoperative lymphocele formation being the most common. Most postoperative lymphoceles are clinically insignificant with variable incidence, reaching up to 60% of cases 4. However, a small percentage of patients 2-8% may experience symptomatic lymphoceles (SL), which can cause significant morbidity (4, 5).

Surgical technique: We perform our RARP technique with our standard approach in all patients (6). After vesicourethral anastomosis a modified PF created to prevent symptomatic lymphocele. We start by suturing the peritoneal fold on the right side, medially to the vas deferens, followed by a similar stitch on the left side to approximate the edges in the midline. A running suture bunches the bladder peritoneum from both sides, passing through the pubic bone periosteum to secure it in place (7). This approach keeps the lateral pelvic gutters open for lymphatic drainage, while allowing fluid drainage from the true pelvis into the abdomen. A pelvic ultrasound was done for all patients at 6 weeks post operative, and additional clinical follow-up was carried out at 3 months following surgery.

Considerations: We have demonstrated a modified technique of peritoneal flap (PBFB) with an initial decrease in postoperative symptomatic lymphoceles, the technique is feasible, safe, does not add significant morbidity, and does not require a learning curve.

简介:机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术(RARP机器人辅助前列腺癌根治术(RARP)因其良好的肿瘤学和功能效果以及较低的发病率,已成为治疗局部前列腺癌的常用手术方法。对于中危和高危前列腺癌病例,建议采用双侧盆腔淋巴结切除术(PLND)作为 RARP 的辅助手段 (1-3)。尽管双侧盆腔淋巴结切除术好处多多,但它也可能导致手术并发症,其中最常见的是术后淋巴结肿大。大多数术后淋巴结在临床上并不明显,发生率不一,最高可达 60% 4。然而,2-8%的小部分患者可能会出现无症状淋巴结(SL),这可能会导致严重的发病率(4,5):手术技巧:我们采用标准方法对所有患者实施 RARP 技术(6)。在膀胱尿道吻合术后,为防止出现症状性淋巴管瘘,我们采用了改良的 PF 方法。我们首先缝合右侧输精管内侧的腹膜褶,然后在左侧进行类似的缝合,以接近中线的边缘。流水线式缝合从两侧将膀胱腹膜捆绑在一起,穿过耻骨骨膜将其固定到位(7)。这种方法可以保持盆腔侧沟开放,便于淋巴引流,同时允许液体从真正的盆腔引流到腹部。所有患者均在术后 6 周进行了盆腔超声检查,并在术后 3 个月进行了额外的临床随访:我们展示了一种改良腹膜瓣(PBFB)技术,术后无症状淋巴结肿大的患者明显减少,该技术可行、安全,不会增加明显的发病率,也不需要学习曲线。
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引用次数: 0
Flexible Ureteroscopic Guided Laparoscopic Ureteroplasty For The Treatment Of Ureteral Stricture. 柔性输尿管镜引导下的腹腔镜输尿管成形术治疗输尿管狭窄。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0250
Agustín Cabrera Santa Cruz, Alexandre Danilovic, Fabio C Vicentini, Giovanni S Marchini, Carlos Batagello, Fabio Torricelli, William C Nahas, Eduardo Mazzucchi

Introduction: Ureteral stricture is often a consequence of urolithiasis or previous endourological procedures (1-3). Precisely delineating the stricture zone intraoperatively is crucial to minimize ureter shortening and target only the affected tissue (4, 5). Flexible ureteroscopy offers a significant advantage in this regard.

Objective: This video aims to demonstrate the step-by-step technique of flexible ureteroscopic guided laparoscopic ureteroplasty for treating ureteral stricture caused by urolithiasis and prior endourological interventions.

Patient and methods: We present a case of a 36-year-old male with a history of urolithiasis and unsuccessful endourological treatments, including endoureterotomy and balloon dilation, diagnosed with re-stenosis of the proximal ureter of 1 cm through ureteroscopy and pyelography. He underwent a successful laparoscopic ureteroplasty. While the lead surgeon performed the laparoscopy, an assistant conducted the flexible ureteroscopy. Intraoperatively, using transillumination facilitated by the flexible ureteroscope, we can precisely identify the narrowed area, allowing for resection of only the damaged segment. Subsequently, we perform the end-to-end ureteroplasty, confirming its patency through the seamless passage of the ureteroscope. Upon completion, we employ a fat patch to safeguard the anastomosis.

Results: The patient was discharged on the third postoperative day. Double J stent was removed six weeks after surgery. Symptoms resolved. Renal function improved: eGFR 49 to 67 ml/min. Furthermore, improvement was observed in the DTPA scan, and a decrease in hydronephrosis was noted on the follow-up tomography.

Conclusion: Flexible ureteroscopy effectively identifies the stricture zone in laparoscopic ureteroplasty, enhancing surgical precision and outcomes. This approach is safe, effective, and reproducible, offering a valuable technique in the surgical treatment of ureteral strictures.

导言:输尿管狭窄通常是由尿路结石或之前的输尿管内手术造成的(1-3)。术中精确划定狭窄区域对于减少输尿管缩短和只针对受影响组织至关重要(4, 5)。在这方面,输尿管软镜具有显著优势:本视频旨在逐步展示柔性输尿管镜引导下腹腔镜输尿管成形术治疗由尿路结石和先前的腔内介入治疗引起的输尿管狭窄的技术:我们报告了一例 36 岁男性病例,他有尿路结石病史,曾接受过输尿管内切开术和球囊扩张术等不成功的输尿管内治疗,通过输尿管镜检查和肾盂造影被诊断为输尿管近端再狭窄 1 厘米。他成功接受了腹腔镜输尿管成形术。在主刀医生进行腹腔镜手术的同时,一名助手进行了输尿管软镜手术。术中,利用输尿管软镜的透光性,我们可以精确地确定狭窄的区域,从而只切除受损的部分。随后,我们进行端对端输尿管成形术,通过输尿管镜的无缝通过确认其通畅性。手术完成后,我们使用脂肪补片保护吻合口:结果:患者于术后第三天出院。术后六周拆除了双 J 支架。症状缓解。肾功能改善:eGFR 从 49 毫升/分钟升至 67 毫升/分钟。此外,DTPA 扫描结果也有所改善,随访断层扫描显示肾积水有所减少:结论:在腹腔镜输尿管成形术中,输尿管软镜能有效识别狭窄区域,提高手术的精确性和效果。这种方法安全、有效、可重复,为输尿管狭窄的手术治疗提供了一种有价值的技术。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the Safety of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS): Intra- and Early Postoperative Complications in Patients Enrolled in the Global Multicentre Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome Registry (FLEXOR). 评估逆行肾内手术(RIRS)的安全性:全球多中心柔性输尿管镜检查结果登记处 (FLEXOR) 登记患者的术中和术后早期并发症。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0055
Carlo Giulioni, Demetra Fuligni, Carlo Brocca, Deepak Ragoori, Ben Chew Chew, Esteban Emiliani, Chin Tiong Heng, Yiloren Tanidir, Nariman Gadzhiev, Abhishek Singh, Saeed Bin Hamri, Boyke Soehabali, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Thomas Tailly, Olivier Traxer, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Marcelo L Wroclawski, Vineet Gauhar, Daniele Castellani

Purpose: To assess the incidence of the most common intra- and early postoperative complications following RIRS in a large series of patients with kidney stones.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with kidney stones who underwent RIRS across 21 centers from January 2018 to August 2021, as part of the Global Multicenter Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome (FLEXOR) Registry.

Results: Among 6669 patients undergoing RIRS, 4.5% experienced intraoperative pelvicalyceal system bleeding without necessitating blood transfusion. Only 0.1% of patients, required a blood transfusion. The second most frequent intraoperative complication was ureteric injury due to the ureteral access sheath requiring stenting (1.8% of patients). Postoperatively, the most prevalent early complications were fever/infections requiring antibiotics (6.3%), blood transfusions (5.5%), and sepsis necessitating intensive care unit admission (1.3%). In cases of ureteric injury, a notably higher percentage of patients exhibited multiple stones and stone(s) in the lower pole, and these cases were correlated with prolonged lasing and overall surgical time. Hematuria requiring a blood transfusion was associated with an increased prevalence of larger median maximum stone diameters, particularly among patients with stones exceeding 20 mm. Furthermore, these cases exhibited a significant prolongation in surgical time. Sepsis necessitating admission to the intensive care unit was more prevalent among the elderly, concomitant with a significantly larger median maximum stone diameter.

Conclusions: Our analysis showed that RIRS has a good safety profile but bleeding requiring transfusions, ureteric injury, fever, and sepsis are still the most common complications despite advancements in technology.

目的:在大量肾结石患者中评估RIRS术后最常见的术中和术后早期并发症的发生率:作为全球多中心柔性输尿管镜检查结果(FLEXOR)登记的一部分,我们对2018年1月至2021年8月期间在21个中心接受RIRS的肾结石患者进行了回顾性分析:在接受RIRS手术的6669名患者中,4.5%的患者术中出现肾盂输尿管系统出血,但无需输血。只有 0.1% 的患者需要输血。第二大术中并发症是输尿管入路鞘导致的输尿管损伤,需要进行支架植入(1.8% 的患者)。术后最常见的早期并发症是发烧/感染,需要使用抗生素(6.3%)、输血(5.5%)和败血症,需要入住重症监护室(1.3%)。在输尿管损伤病例中,表现为多发性结石和结石位于下极的患者比例明显较高,这些病例与套管手术时间和整体手术时间延长有关。需要输血的血尿与结石最大直径中值增大的发病率增加有关,尤其是结石超过20毫米的患者。此外,这些病例的手术时间也明显延长。需要入住重症监护室的败血症患者中,老年人的发病率更高,同时结石最大直径中位数也明显增大:我们的分析表明,RIRS 具有良好的安全性,但尽管技术不断进步,需要输血的出血、输尿管损伤、发热和败血症仍是最常见的并发症。
{"title":"Evaluating the Safety of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS): Intra- and Early Postoperative Complications in Patients Enrolled in the Global Multicentre Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome Registry (FLEXOR).","authors":"Carlo Giulioni, Demetra Fuligni, Carlo Brocca, Deepak Ragoori, Ben Chew Chew, Esteban Emiliani, Chin Tiong Heng, Yiloren Tanidir, Nariman Gadzhiev, Abhishek Singh, Saeed Bin Hamri, Boyke Soehabali, Andrea Benedetto Galosi, Thomas Tailly, Olivier Traxer, Bhaskar Kumar Somani, Marcelo L Wroclawski, Vineet Gauhar, Daniele Castellani","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0055","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the incidence of the most common intra- and early postoperative complications following RIRS in a large series of patients with kidney stones.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with kidney stones who underwent RIRS across 21 centers from January 2018 to August 2021, as part of the Global Multicenter Flexible Ureteroscopy Outcome (FLEXOR) Registry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 6669 patients undergoing RIRS, 4.5% experienced intraoperative pelvicalyceal system bleeding without necessitating blood transfusion. Only 0.1% of patients, required a blood transfusion. The second most frequent intraoperative complication was ureteric injury due to the ureteral access sheath requiring stenting (1.8% of patients). Postoperatively, the most prevalent early complications were fever/infections requiring antibiotics (6.3%), blood transfusions (5.5%), and sepsis necessitating intensive care unit admission (1.3%). In cases of ureteric injury, a notably higher percentage of patients exhibited multiple stones and stone(s) in the lower pole, and these cases were correlated with prolonged lasing and overall surgical time. Hematuria requiring a blood transfusion was associated with an increased prevalence of larger median maximum stone diameters, particularly among patients with stones exceeding 20 mm. Furthermore, these cases exhibited a significant prolongation in surgical time. Sepsis necessitating admission to the intensive care unit was more prevalent among the elderly, concomitant with a significantly larger median maximum stone diameter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our analysis showed that RIRS has a good safety profile but bleeding requiring transfusions, ureteric injury, fever, and sepsis are still the most common complications despite advancements in technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":"50 ","pages":"459-469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262716/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of ChatGPT in Urology and its Relevance in Clinical Practice: Comment. ChatGPT 在泌尿外科中的应用及其在临床实践中的相关性:评论。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0113
Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit
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引用次数: 0
Mesentery-Sparing Technique: a New Intracorporeal Approach for Urinary Diversion in Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy. 切除肠系膜技术:机器人辅助根治性膀胱切除术中新的体外引流方法
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0153
Eliney Ferreira Faria, Carlos Vaz de Melo Maciel, Pablo Almeida Melo, Marcos Tobias-Machado, Roberto Dias, Rodolfo Borges Dos Reis, Rodrigo José Costa-Gualberto

Background: Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We present an alternative technique that preserves the complete mesenteric vascularization during the isolation of the intestinal segment used in ICUD, including distal vessels. This approach aims to minimize the risk of ischemia in both the ileal anastomosis and the isolated loop at the diversion site.

Methods: This cohort study included 31 patients, both male and female, who underwent RARC with ICUD from February 2018 to November 2023, performed by a single surgeon. Intraoperative and postoperative complications data were retrieved for analysis, employing our proposed mesentery-sparing technique in all cases. The primary endpoint was the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications directly attributable to the mesentery-sparing approach in ICUD. Secondary endpoints included other postoperative variables not directly related to mesentery preservation, such as the incidence of postoperative ileus requiring parenteral nutrition and the duration of hospitalization.

Results: None of the patients experienced intraoperative or postoperative complications directly related to mesentery-sparing, such as intestinal fistulae or internal hernias. The median duration of hospitalization was 6 days, and postoperative ileus necessitating total parenteral nutrition occurred in 19% of the patients. Minor complications (Clavien-Dindo grades I-II) accounted for 27.6% of the cases and major complications (grades III-V) accounted for 20.6%.

Conclusion: The mesentery-sparing technique outlined herein offers an alternative method for preserving the vascularization of intestinal segments and reducing the risk of intestinal complications in ICUD during RARC.

背景:机器人辅助根治性膀胱切除术(RARC)伴体外尿路转流术(ICUD)具有显著的发病率和死亡率。我们提出了一种替代技术,在分离用于 ICUD 的肠段时保留完整的肠系膜血管,包括远端血管。这种方法旨在最大限度地降低回肠吻合口和转流部位隔离襻缺血的风险:这项队列研究纳入了 2018 年 2 月至 2023 年 11 月期间接受 RARC 与 ICUD 的 31 名患者,其中既有男性也有女性,由一名外科医生实施。所有病例均采用了我们提出的肠系膜保留技术,并对术中和术后并发症数据进行了检索分析。主要终点是ICUD中可直接归因于保留肠系膜方法的术中和术后并发症的发生率。次要终点包括与保留肠系膜无直接关系的其他术后变量,如需要肠外营养的术后回肠梗阻发生率和住院时间:没有一名患者在术中或术后出现与保留肠系膜直接相关的并发症,如肠瘘或内疝。住院时间中位数为 6 天,19% 的患者术后出现回肠梗阻,需要全肠外营养。轻微并发症(Clavien-Dindo I-II级)占27.6%,严重并发症(III-V级)占20.6%:结论:本文概述的肠系膜分离技术为保留肠段血管和降低 RARC 期间 ICUD 肠道并发症的风险提供了一种替代方法。
{"title":"Mesentery-Sparing Technique: a New Intracorporeal Approach for Urinary Diversion in Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy.","authors":"Eliney Ferreira Faria, Carlos Vaz de Melo Maciel, Pablo Almeida Melo, Marcos Tobias-Machado, Roberto Dias, Rodolfo Borges Dos Reis, Rodrigo José Costa-Gualberto","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0153","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal urinary diversion (ICUD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We present an alternative technique that preserves the complete mesenteric vascularization during the isolation of the intestinal segment used in ICUD, including distal vessels. This approach aims to minimize the risk of ischemia in both the ileal anastomosis and the isolated loop at the diversion site.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cohort study included 31 patients, both male and female, who underwent RARC with ICUD from February 2018 to November 2023, performed by a single surgeon. Intraoperative and postoperative complications data were retrieved for analysis, employing our proposed mesentery-sparing technique in all cases. The primary endpoint was the incidence of intraoperative and postoperative complications directly attributable to the mesentery-sparing approach in ICUD. Secondary endpoints included other postoperative variables not directly related to mesentery preservation, such as the incidence of postoperative ileus requiring parenteral nutrition and the duration of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>None of the patients experienced intraoperative or postoperative complications directly related to mesentery-sparing, such as intestinal fistulae or internal hernias. The median duration of hospitalization was 6 days, and postoperative ileus necessitating total parenteral nutrition occurred in 19% of the patients. Minor complications (Clavien-Dindo grades I-II) accounted for 27.6% of the cases and major complications (grades III-V) accounted for 20.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mesentery-sparing technique outlined herein offers an alternative method for preserving the vascularization of intestinal segments and reducing the risk of intestinal complications in ICUD during RARC.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":"50 ","pages":"489-499"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The 2012 Briganti nomogram not only predicts lymph node involvement but also disease progression in surgically treated intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients with PSA <10 ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b. 2012 年布里甘蒂提名图不仅能预测淋巴结受累情况,还能预测接受过手术治疗的 PSA <10 纳克/毫升、ISUP 等级 3 组和临床分期达 cT2b 的中危前列腺癌患者的疾病进展情况。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0003
Antonio Benito Porcaro, Andrea Panunzio, Rossella Orlando, Francesca Montanaro, Alberto Baielli, Francesco Artoni, Sebastian Gallina, Alberto Bianchi, Giovanni Mazzucato, Emanuele Serafin, Giulia Marafioti Patuzzo, Alessandro Veccia, Riccardo Rizzetto, Matteo Brunelli, Filippo Migliorini, Riccardo Bertolo, Alessandro Tafuri, Maria Angela Cerruto, Alessandro Antonelli

Purpose: We assessed the prognostic impact of the 2012 Briganti nomogram on prostate cancer (PCa) progression in intermediate-risk (IR) patients presenting with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b treated with robot assisted radical prostatectomy eventually associated with extended pelvic lymph node dissection.

Materials and methods: From January 2013 to December 2021, data of surgically treated IR PCa patients were retrospectively evaluated. Only patients presenting with the above-mentioned features were considered. The 2012 Briganti nomogram was assessed either as a continuous and a categorical variable (up to the median, which was detected as 6%, vs. above the median). The association with PCa progression, defined as biochemical recurrence, and/or metastatic progression, was evaluated by Cox proportional hazard regression models.

Results: Overall, 147 patients were included. Compared to subjects with a nomogram score up to 6%, those presenting with a score above 6% were more likely to be younger, had larger/palpable tumors, presented with higher PSA, underwent tumor upgrading, harbored non-organ confined disease, and had positive surgical margins at final pathology. PCa progression, which occurred in 32 (21.7%) cases, was independently predicted by the 2012 Briganti nomogram both considered as a continuous (Hazard Ratio [HR]:1.04, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:1.01-1.08;p=0.021), and a categorical variable (HR:2.32; 95%CI:1.11-4.87;p=0.026), even after adjustment for tumor upgrading.

Conclusions: In IR PCa patients with PSA <10ng/mL, ISUP grade group 3, and clinical stage up to cT2b, the 2012 Briganti nomogram independently predicts PCa progression. In this challenging subset of patients, this tool can identify prognostic subgroups, independently by upgrading issues.

目的:我们评估了 2012 年 Briganti 提名图对出现 PSA 的中危(IR)前列腺癌(PCa)进展的预后影响:回顾性评估了2013年1月至2021年12月期间接受手术治疗的IR PCa患者的数据。仅考虑具有上述特征的患者。2012 年布里甘蒂提名图作为连续变量和分类变量进行了评估(中位数以下检测为 6%,中位数以上检测为 6%)。Cox比例危险回归模型评估了与PCa进展(定义为生化复发和/或转移性进展)之间的关系:结果:共纳入 147 名患者。与提名图评分不超过6%的受试者相比,评分超过6%的受试者更可能更年轻、肿瘤更大/可触及、PSA更高、接受过肿瘤升级、患有非器官局限性疾病、最终病理检查时手术切缘呈阳性。32例(21.7%)PCa患者的病情恶化可由2012年Briganti提名图独立预测,无论是连续变量(危险比[HR]:1.04,95%置信区间[CI]:1.01-1.08;p=0.021)还是分类变量(HR:2.32;95%CI:1.11-4.87;p=0.026),即使在对肿瘤升级进行调整后也是如此:结论:在PSA
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引用次数: 0
Clinical outcomes prediction in kidney transplantation by use of biomarkers from hypothermic machine perfusion. 利用低温机器灌注的生物标志物预测肾移植的临床结果。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0166
Ricardo Ribas de Almeida Leite, Maurilo Leite, Marcelo Einicker-Lamas, Rafael Hospodar Felippe Valverde, Luiz Carlos Duarte Miranda, Alberto Schanaider

Purpose: The clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from deceased donors have seen significant improvements with the use of machine perfusion (MP), now a standard practice in transplant centers. However, the use of perfusate biomarkers for assessing organ quality remains a subject of debate. Despite this, some centers incorporate them into their decision-making process for donor kidney acceptance. Recent studies have indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione S-transferase, interleukin-18, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could predict post-transplant outcomes.

Materials and methods: Between August 2016 and June 2017, 31 deceased-donor after brain death were included and stroke was the main cause of death. Pediatric patients, hypersensitized recipients were excluded. 43 kidneys were subjected to machine perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected just before the transplantation and stored at -80ºC. Kidney transplant recipients have an average age of 52 years, 34,9% female, with a BMI 24,6±3,7. We employed receiver operating characteristic analysis to investigate associations between these perfusate biomarkers and two key clinical outcomes: delayed graft function and primary non-function.

Results: The incidence of delayed graft function was 23.3% and primary non-function was 14%. A strong association was found between NGAL concentration and DGF (AUC=0.766, 95% CI, P=0.012), and between LDH concentration and PNF (AUC=0.84, 95% CI, P=0.027). Other perfusate biomarkers did not show significant correlations with these clinical outcomes.

Conclusion: The concentrations of NGAL and LDH during machine perfusion could assist transplant physicians in improving the allocation of donated organs and making challenging decisions regarding organ discarding. Further, larger-scale studies are required.

目的:随着机器灌注技术(MP)的使用,已成为移植中心的标准做法,已故供体肾移植的临床结果有了显著改善。然而,使用灌流液生物标志物评估器官质量仍是一个争论不休的话题。尽管如此,一些中心还是将其纳入了接受供肾的决策过程。最近的研究表明,乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶、白细胞介素-18 和中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂联素(NGAL)可以预测移植后的结果:2016年8月至2017年6月期间,共纳入31例脑死亡后捐献者,脑卒中是主要死因。排除了儿科患者和过敏性受者。43个肾脏接受了机器灌注。灌注液样本在移植前采集并保存在-80ºC。肾移植受者的平均年龄为 52 岁,34.9% 为女性,体重指数(BMI)为 24.6±3.7。我们采用接受者操作特征分析法研究了这些灌注液生物标志物与两个主要临床结果(移植功能延迟和原发性无功能)之间的关系:结果:移植物功能延迟发生率为 23.3%,原发性无功能发生率为 14%。NGAL浓度与DGF(AUC=0.766,95% CI,P=0.012)、LDH浓度与PNF(AUC=0.84,95% CI,P=0.027)之间存在密切联系。其他血流灌注生物标志物与这些临床结果没有明显的相关性:结论:机器灌注过程中 NGAL 和 LDH 的浓度可帮助移植医生改善捐赠器官的分配,并就器官丢弃做出具有挑战性的决定。还需要进行更大规模的研究。
{"title":"Clinical outcomes prediction in kidney transplantation by use of biomarkers from hypothermic machine perfusion.","authors":"Ricardo Ribas de Almeida Leite, Maurilo Leite, Marcelo Einicker-Lamas, Rafael Hospodar Felippe Valverde, Luiz Carlos Duarte Miranda, Alberto Schanaider","doi":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0166","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The clinical outcomes of kidney transplantation from deceased donors have seen significant improvements with the use of machine perfusion (MP), now a standard practice in transplant centers. However, the use of perfusate biomarkers for assessing organ quality remains a subject of debate. Despite this, some centers incorporate them into their decision-making process for donor kidney acceptance. Recent studies have indicated that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutathione S-transferase, interleukin-18, and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) could predict post-transplant outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between August 2016 and June 2017, 31 deceased-donor after brain death were included and stroke was the main cause of death. Pediatric patients, hypersensitized recipients were excluded. 43 kidneys were subjected to machine perfusion. Perfusate samples were collected just before the transplantation and stored at -80ºC. Kidney transplant recipients have an average age of 52 years, 34,9% female, with a BMI 24,6±3,7. We employed receiver operating characteristic analysis to investigate associations between these perfusate biomarkers and two key clinical outcomes: delayed graft function and primary non-function.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of delayed graft function was 23.3% and primary non-function was 14%. A strong association was found between NGAL concentration and DGF (AUC=0.766, 95% CI, P=0.012), and between LDH concentration and PNF (AUC=0.84, 95% CI, P=0.027). Other perfusate biomarkers did not show significant correlations with these clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concentrations of NGAL and LDH during machine perfusion could assist transplant physicians in improving the allocation of donated organs and making challenging decisions regarding organ discarding. Further, larger-scale studies are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":49283,"journal":{"name":"International Braz J Urol","volume":"50 ","pages":"470-479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11262724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140923650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Can we improve time to patency with vasoepididymostomy with an innovative epididymal occlusion stitch? 创新性附睾闭塞缝合术能否缩短输精管附睾吻合术的通畅时间?
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0222
Francesco Costantini Mesquita, Luis Felipe Savio, David Velasquez, Alexandra Varnum, Rodrigo Barros, David Miller, Francis Petrella, Ranjith Ramasamy
<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Obstructive azoospermia occurs when there is a blockage in the male reproductive tract, leading to a complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. It constitutes around 40% of all cases of azoospermia (1, 2). Blockages in the male reproductive tract can arise from either congenital or acquired factors, affecting various segments such as the epididymis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory ducts (3). Examples of congenital causes encompass conditions like congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens and unexplained epididymal blockages (4). Acquired instances of obstructive azoospermia may result from factors like vasectomy, infections, trauma, or unintentional injuries caused by medical procedures (5). This complex condition affecting male fertility, presents two main treatment options: microsurgical reconstruction and surgical extraction of sperm followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). Microsurgical reconstruction proves to be the most cost-effective option for treating obstructive azoospermia when compared with assisted reproductive techniques (6, 7). However, success rates of reconstruction defined by patency are as high as 99% for vasovasostomy (VV) but decline to around 65% if vasoepididymostomy (VE) is required (8, 9). Thus, continued refinement in technique is necessary in order to attempt to improve patency for patients undergoing VE. In this video, we show a comprehensive demonstration of microsurgical VE, highlighting the innovative epididymal occlusion stitch. The goal of this innovative surgical technique is to improve outcomes for VE.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The patient is a 39-year-old male diagnosed with obstructive azoospermia who presents for surgical reconstruction via VE. His partner is a 37-years-old female with regular menstrual cycles. The comprehensive clinical data encompasses a range of factors, including FSH levels, results from semen analysis, and outcomes from testicular sperm aspiration. This thorough exploration aims to provide a thorough understanding of our innovative surgical technique and its application in addressing complex cases of obstructive azoospermia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The procedure was started on the right, the vas deferens was identified and transected. The abdominal side of the vas was intubated and a vasogram performed, there was no obstruction. There was no fluid visible from the testicular side of the vas for analysis, thus we proceeded with VE. Upon inspection of the epididymis dilated tubules were identified. After selecting a tubule for VE, two 10-0 nylon sutures were placed, and it was incised. Upon inspection of the fluid motile sperm was identified. After VE, we performed a novel epididymal occlusion stitch technique. This was completed distal to the anastomosis by placing a 7-0 prolene through the tunica of the epididymis from the medial to lateral side. This stitch was then tightened down with the goal to largely occlude the
简介梗阻性无精子症是指男性生殖道堵塞,导致射出的精液中完全没有精子。在所有无精子症病例中,梗阻性无精子症约占 40%(1, 2)。男性生殖道堵塞可由先天或后天因素造成,影响附睾、输精管和射精管等多个部位(3)。先天性原因包括先天性双侧输精管缺失和原因不明的附睾堵塞(4)。后天性梗阻性无精子症可能由输精管结扎、感染、外伤或医疗过程中的意外伤害等因素造成(5)。这种影响男性生育能力的复杂病症主要有两种治疗方案:显微外科重建和手术提取精子后体外受精(IVF)。与辅助生殖技术相比,显微外科重建被证明是治疗梗阻性无精子症最具成本效益的方案(6,7)。然而,输精管造口术(VV)以通畅为标准的重建成功率高达 99%,但如果需要进行输精管附睾切除术(VE),成功率则会下降到 65% 左右(8、9)。因此,有必要不断改进技术,努力提高接受 VE 患者的通畅率。在这段视频中,我们全面展示了显微外科 VE,重点介绍了创新的附睾闭塞缝合术。这项创新手术技术的目的是改善 VE 的治疗效果:患者是一名 39 岁的男性,被诊断为梗阻性无精子症,前来接受 VE 手术重建。他的伴侣是一名 37 岁的女性,月经周期规律。综合临床数据涵盖了一系列因素,包括 FSH 水平、精液分析结果和睾丸精子抽吸结果。这一深入探讨旨在全面了解我们的创新手术技术及其在解决复杂的梗阻性无精子症病例中的应用:手术从右侧开始,确定并横断输精管。对输精管腹侧进行插管,并进行输精管造影,未发现梗阻。从输精管睾丸一侧看不到可供分析的液体,因此我们继续进行输精管造影。检查附睾时发现了扩张的小管。在选择一个小管进行VE后,放置了两根10-0尼龙线,并将其切开。检查附睾液时发现了活动精子。VE后,我们采用了新颖的附睾闭塞缝合技术。在吻合口远端,从内侧到外侧将 7-0 prolene 缝线穿过附睾外膜。然后收紧缝线,目的是在很大程度上闭塞附睾,使精子优先通过吻合口。然后在左侧重复上述步骤。在 3 个月的随访中,患者的睾丸大小与术前相比没有变化(18cc),没有睾丸或切口不适感,精液分析显示有活动精子。术后 3 个月,患者的精液分析结果显示精子有活力:讨论:新型附睾闭塞缝合术的引入展示了一种有针对性的策略,可提高显微 VE 的成功率。令人鼓舞的是,术后 3 个月的随访显示,患者体内存在活动精子,这增强了我们方法的潜在疗效。考虑到需要 VE 的患者历来通畅率较低、通畅时间较长、延迟失败率较高(10),我们的方法很有希望。在所有无精子症病例中,有 40% 可归因于梗阻。梗阻性无精子症的传统治疗方法包括显微外科重建和手术取精,然后进行试管婴儿。虽然显微外科重建被证明是经济可行的,但为了提高成功率,人们开始探索创新技术。从历史上看,最初在 20 世纪初进行的 VV 和 VE 手术的演变为当代显微外科方法奠定了基础(11)。值得注意的是,显微镜下输精管吻合术在通畅率和自然妊娠几率方面都有显著改善,这在 1991 年开创性的输精管吻合术研究小组的研究中得到了证明(8)。在当代文献中,自输精管结扎逆转术研究小组最初公布成功率(12)以来,过去三十年中输精管结扎逆转术的成功率尤其保持不变。VE 的通畅时间也较长,患者需要 2.8 至 6.6 个月才能恢复精子射精,而接受 VV 的患者则需要 1.7 至 4.3 个月。
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引用次数: 0
Primary Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection for Clinical Stage II A/B Seminomas: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 临床 II 期 A/B 半实体瘤的原发性腹膜后淋巴结清扫术:系统综述与元分析》。
IF 3.1 3区 医学 Q1 UROLOGY & NEPHROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2024.0134
Bárbara Vieira Lima Aguiar Melão, Lucas Guimarães Campos Roriz de Amorim, Murilo Ribeiro Sanches, Giovanna Veiga Gomes, Douglas Mesadri Gewehr, Luis Henrique de Oliveira Moreira, Thaise Pedreira da Silva, Matheus de Melo Lobo, Gustavo Ruschi Bechara

Introduction: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy are considered standard treatments for stage II seminoma patients; however, these therapies are associated with long-term toxicities. Recently, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection has emerged as an alternative strategy, and the first three phase II trials were published in 2023 with promising results. The present study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate this surgery as an alternative treatment for stage IIA/B seminoma patients.

Purpose: Seminomas are the most common testicular tumors, often affecting young adult males. Standard treatments for stage II seminomas include chemotherapy and radiation therapy, but these therapies are associated with long-term toxicities. Thus, identifying alternative strategies is paramount. Herein, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to appraise the efficacy and safety of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) for treating this condition.

Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases for studies evaluating RPLND as a primary treatment for stage II A/B seminomas. Using a random-effects model, single proportion and means and pooled 2-year recurrence-free survival rates with hazard rates and 95% CI were calculated.

Results: Seven studies were included, comprising 331 males with stage II seminomas. In the pooled analysis, the recurrence rate was 17.69% (95% CI 12.31-24.75), and the 2-year RFS rate was 81% (95% CI 0.77-0.86). The complication rate was 9.16% (95% CI 6.16-13.42), the Clavien-Dindo > 2 complication rate was 8.83% (95% CI 5.76-13.31), and the retrograde ejaculation rate was 7.01% (95% CI 3.54-13.40). The median operative time was 174.68 min (95% CI 122.17-249.76 min), median blood loss was 105.91 mL (95% CI 46.89-239.22 mL), and patients with no evidence of lymph node involvement ranged from 0-16%.

Conclusions: Primary RPLNDs for treating stage IIA/B seminomas have favorable RFS rates, with low complication and recurrence rates. These findings provide evidence that this surgery is a viable alternative therapy for these patients.

简介:化疗和放疗被认为是 II 期精原细胞瘤患者的标准治疗方法:化疗和放疗被认为是精原细胞瘤II期患者的标准治疗方法;然而,这些疗法与长期毒性相关。最近,腹膜后淋巴结清扫术作为一种替代策略出现,2023年首次公布了三项II期试验,结果令人鼓舞。本研究进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析,以评估该手术作为IIA/B期精原细胞瘤患者的替代治疗方法。目的:精原细胞瘤是最常见的睾丸肿瘤,通常影响青壮年男性。II期精原细胞瘤的标准治疗方法包括化疗和放疗,但这些疗法都有长期毒性。因此,确定替代策略至关重要。在此,我们进行了一项系统综述和荟萃分析,以评估腹膜后淋巴结清扫术(RPLND)治疗这种疾病的有效性和安全性:我们在PubMed、Embase和Cochrane数据库中系统检索了评估RPLND作为II期A/B精原细胞瘤主要治疗方法的研究。采用随机效应模型,计算了单项比例、平均值和汇总的 2 年无复发生存率、危险率和 95% CI:结果:共纳入七项研究,包括331名II期男性精原细胞瘤患者。在汇总分析中,复发率为 17.69%(95% CI 12.31-24.75),2 年无复发生存率为 81%(95% CI 0.77-0.86)。并发症发生率为 9.16% (95% CI 6.16-13.42),Clavien-Dindo>2并发症发生率为 8.83% (95% CI 5.76-13.31),逆行射精发生率为 7.01% (95% CI 3.54-13.40)。中位手术时间为174.68分钟(95% CI 122.17-249.76分钟),中位失血量为105.91毫升(95% CI 46.89-239.22毫升),无淋巴结受累证据的患者占0-16%:原发性RPLND治疗IIA/B期精原细胞瘤的RFS率较高,并发症和复发率较低。这些研究结果提供了证据,证明这种手术是这些患者的一种可行的替代疗法。
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引用次数: 0
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International Braz J Urol
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