Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060209
A. F. Vanin, A. A. Abramov, A. B. Vagapov, A. A. Timoshin, A. V. Pekshev, V. L. Lakomkin, E. K. Ruuge
Abstract
The reason for the lack of the hypotensive effect of gaseous NO, as introduced by inhalation into the bodies of animals and humans, has been identified. Since this defect was completely eliminated by inhalation of NO simultaneous with intravenous administration of low molecular mass thiol solutions to animals (rats), it is concluded that gaseous NO entering through the lungs into the blood circulating in a large circle of blood circulation converts into nitrosonium cation (NO+) as a result of single-electron oxidation, which is unable to exert vasodilating and thereby hypotensive effects on animals and humans. The binding of NO+ to low molecular mass thiols leads to its transformation into S-nitrosothiols, followed by the release of this nitrosyl agent in the form of neutral NO molecules characterized by hypotensive activity. The formation of dinitrosyl iron complexes with thiol-containing ligands in the blood and tissues of organs of experimental animals in these experiments, which could cause a hypotensive effect, was not detected. The hypotensive effect of inhaled NO, which was found in the lungs, could be due to the penetration of NO through the outer wall of blood vessels with subsequent activation of the enzyme guanylate cyclase, an inducer of vasodilation and hypotension, directly in the walls of blood vessels.
摘要 通过吸入动物和人体内的气态氮氧化物缺乏降压作用的原因已经查明。由于在给动物（大鼠）静脉注射低分子质量硫醇溶液的同时吸入 NO 完全消除了这一缺陷，因此得出结论：气态 NO 经肺进入血液循环的大循环圈后，由于单电子氧化作用而转化为亚硝基锍阳离子（NO+），这种阳离子无法对动物和人类产生血管扩张作用，因而也就无法产生降血压作用。NO+ 与低分子质量硫醇结合后会转化为 S-亚硝基硫醇，然后以具有降压活性的中性 NO 分子的形式释放出这种亚硝基物质。在这些实验中，没有检测到在实验动物的血液和器官组织中与含硫醇配体形成二亚硝基铁络合物，而这种络合物可能会导致降血压效应。在肺部发现的吸入 NO 的降压作用可能是由于 NO 穿透血管外壁，随后直接在血管壁上激活了鸟苷酸环化酶（血管舒张和降压的诱导剂）。
{"title":"What Is the Reason that Gaseous Nitric Oxide Inhalation Does Not Affect Systemic Arterial Pressure in Humans and Animals?","authors":"A. F. Vanin, A. A. Abramov, A. B. Vagapov, A. A. Timoshin, A. V. Pekshev, V. L. Lakomkin, E. K. Ruuge","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060209","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The reason for the lack of the hypotensive effect of gaseous NO, as introduced by inhalation into the bodies of animals and humans, has been identified. Since this defect was completely eliminated by inhalation of NO simultaneous with intravenous administration of low molecular mass thiol solutions to animals (rats), it is concluded that gaseous NO entering through the lungs into the blood circulating in a large circle of blood circulation converts into nitrosonium cation (NO<sup>+</sup>) as a result of single-electron oxidation, which is unable to exert vasodilating and thereby hypotensive effects on animals and humans. The binding of NO<sup>+</sup> to low molecular mass thiols leads to its transformation into S-nitrosothiols, followed by the release of this nitrosyl agent in the form of neutral NO molecules characterized by hypotensive activity. The formation of dinitrosyl iron complexes with thiol-containing ligands in the blood and tissues of organs of experimental animals in these experiments, which could cause a hypotensive effect, was not detected. The hypotensive effect of inhaled NO, which was found in the lungs, could be due to the penetration of NO through the outer wall of blood vessels with subsequent activation of the enzyme guanylate cyclase, an inducer of vasodilation and hypotension, directly in the walls of blood vessels.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s000635092306012x
A. E. Matukhno, M. V. Petrushan, L. V. Lysenko, V. N. Kiroy
Abstract
Biosensor analysis methods are being actively improved and are becoming increasingly important in the fields of safety, medicine, in particular, cancer monitoring, environmental quality control, etc. In this paper, we considered the development of a biosensor system based on the technology of using the olfactory bulb (OB) of macrosmatic animals with optical methods of imaging odorant-specific patterns of glomerular activity. The difficulties of automatic detection of odor-triggered patterns during repetitive stimulation are due to adaptation processes manifested in a reversible change in the sensitivity of the neural structures of the olfactory analyzer. The optimal duration of stimuli and interstimular intervals has been experimentally found; this made it possible to stabilize the glomerular response during repeated stimulation and visualize patterns of glomerular activity with constant accuracy. The results we obtained expand the existing tools used for the development of biosensor systems.
{"title":"Biosensor Systems: Determination of Optimal Time Parameters of Olfactory Stimulation","authors":"A. E. Matukhno, M. V. Petrushan, L. V. Lysenko, V. N. Kiroy","doi":"10.1134/s000635092306012x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000635092306012x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Biosensor analysis methods are being actively improved and are becoming increasingly important in the fields of safety, medicine, in particular, cancer monitoring, environmental quality control, etc. In this paper, we considered the development of a biosensor system based on the technology of using the olfactory bulb (OB) of macrosmatic animals with optical methods of imaging odorant-specific patterns of glomerular activity. The difficulties of automatic detection of odor-triggered patterns during repetitive stimulation are due to adaptation processes manifested in a reversible change in the sensitivity of the neural structures of the olfactory analyzer. The optimal duration of stimuli and interstimular intervals has been experimentally found; this made it possible to stabilize the glomerular response during repeated stimulation and visualize patterns of glomerular activity with constant accuracy. The results we obtained expand the existing tools used for the development of biosensor systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060143
T. I. Nikolaeva, D. A. Barsuk, M. V. Molchanov, D. A. Prokhorov, V. I. Emelyanenko, P. V. Shekhovtsov
Abstract
The study of the degree of hydrolysis depending on the action of various proteolytic enzymes is one of the tasks in the development of nutraceuticals from connective tissues for biomedicine. Hydrolysis of biopolymers in hyaline cartilage homogenates from the trachea of cattle and pigs was carried out under the action of the enzymes pancreatin, chymopsin, papain, and the proteolytic drug karipazim containing papain. It has been shown that karipazim produced by MedFlorina acted more effectively than karipazim produced by Vifitech, and the degree of collagen hydrolysis was maximal at 60°C and a concentration of karipazim of 10%. A more complete hydrolysis of proteoglycans was observed in the homogenates of hyaline cartilage of cattle, since glucose, the final product of glycosaminoglycan hydrolysis, was identified on NMR spectra.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Degree of Hydrolysis of Biopolymers in Hyaline Cartilage Homogenates in the Presence of Proteolytic Enzymes","authors":"T. I. Nikolaeva, D. A. Barsuk, M. V. Molchanov, D. A. Prokhorov, V. I. Emelyanenko, P. V. Shekhovtsov","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060143","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The study of the degree of hydrolysis depending on the action of various proteolytic enzymes is one of the tasks in the development of nutraceuticals from connective tissues for biomedicine. Hydrolysis of biopolymers in hyaline cartilage homogenates from the trachea of cattle and pigs was carried out under the action of the enzymes pancreatin, chymopsin, papain, and the proteolytic drug karipazim containing papain. It has been shown that karipazim produced by MedFlorina acted more effectively than karipazim produced by Vifitech, and the degree of collagen hydrolysis was maximal at 60°C and a concentration of karipazim of 10%. A more complete hydrolysis of proteoglycans was observed in the homogenates of hyaline cartilage of cattle, since glucose, the final product of glycosaminoglycan hydrolysis, was identified on NMR spectra.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060167
I. A. Ponomarev, G. Th. Guria
Abstract
An efficiency of oxygen release from red cells strongly depends on the regimes of their motion through microvessels. Mathematical model of oxygen transfer taking into account the red cells ability to form intravascular sludges has been constructed and studied. An analytical expression for the dependence of the oxygen release intensity on the size of erythrocyte sludges were derived. The possible significance of the obtained results for the express diagnostics of the red cell’s ability for an oxygen transmission is discussed.
{"title":"The Dependence of the Oxygen Release Intensity from Erythrocytes on the Degree of Their Clustering in Sludges","authors":"I. A. Ponomarev, G. Th. Guria","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060167","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>An efficiency of oxygen release from red cells strongly depends on the regimes of their motion through microvessels. Mathematical model of oxygen transfer taking into account the red cells ability to form intravascular sludges has been constructed and studied. An analytical expression for the dependence of the oxygen release intensity on the size of erythrocyte sludges were derived. The possible significance of the obtained results for the express diagnostics of the red cell’s ability for an oxygen transmission is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060180
I. V. Tikhonova, A. V. Tankanag, I. E. Guseva, A. A. Grinevich
Abstract
A comprehensive spectral analysis of heart rate variability and skin perfusion of the extremities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in response to local heating and identification of significant predictors of pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system has been carried out. Electrocardiogram and skin perfusion on the forearm and foot were measured by laser Doppler flowmetry at rest and under local heating in healthy individuals and diabetic patients. The signals of laser Doppler flowmetry and heart rate variability (according to electrocardiographic data) were subjected to wavelet analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate significant predictors. It was found that in patients, compared with healthy individuals, there was (1) a decrease in the reserve of cutaneous blood flow on the foot under heating, (2) a decrease in the amplitudes of heart rate oscillations at rest and under heating, (3) an increase in the amplitudes of oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the forearm in respiratory intervals and cardiac intervals at rest and under heating, and (4) a decrease in the amplitudes of oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the foot in the myogenic interval at rest and in the cardiac interval under heating. The parameters of the cardiovascular system (the energy of heart rate variability in the low frequency interval and oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the forearm in respiratory interval, which can serve as markers for early diagnosis of microvascular disorders) with high discriminatory power to distinguish patients and healthy individuals in response to local heating were revealed.
{"title":"Analysis of Oscillatory Processes in the Cardiovascular System in Response to Local Heating in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"I. V. Tikhonova, A. V. Tankanag, I. E. Guseva, A. A. Grinevich","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060180","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A comprehensive spectral analysis of heart rate variability and skin perfusion of the extremities in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in response to local heating and identification of significant predictors of pathophysiological changes in the cardiovascular system has been carried out. Electrocardiogram and skin perfusion on the forearm and foot were measured by laser Doppler flowmetry at rest and under local heating in healthy individuals and diabetic patients. The signals of laser Doppler flowmetry and heart rate variability (according to electrocardiographic data) were subjected to wavelet analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate significant predictors. It was found that in patients, compared with healthy individuals, there was (1) a decrease in the reserve of cutaneous blood flow on the foot under heating, (2) a decrease in the amplitudes of heart rate oscillations at rest and under heating, (3) an increase in the amplitudes of oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the forearm in respiratory intervals and cardiac intervals at rest and under heating, and (4) a decrease in the amplitudes of oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the foot in the myogenic interval at rest and in the cardiac interval under heating. The parameters of the cardiovascular system (the energy of heart rate variability in the low frequency interval and oscillations of laser Doppler flowmetry signals on the forearm in respiratory interval, which can serve as markers for early diagnosis of microvascular disorders) with high discriminatory power to distinguish patients and healthy individuals in response to local heating were revealed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060088
B. G. Gharamyan
Abstract
A theoretical analysis of the literature data on the pulse-wave propagation velocity using a combination of electrocardiographic and photoplethysmographic signals was carried out. Its diagnostic value in medical practice lies in its use as a noninvasive method for measuring blood pressure, as well as for determining arterial stiffness. Some studies have shown a relationship between the velocity of pulse-wave propagation and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Pulse-wave propagation velocity is an early marker and predictor of cardiovascular risk in both people with normal blood pressure and people with hypertension; it is used as the “gold standard” in determining arterial stiffness; however, the issue of accuracy and automation of measuring the pulse-wave propagation velocity remains unresolved.
{"title":"Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials on the Speed of Pulse Wave Propagation","authors":"B. G. Gharamyan","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060088","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A theoretical analysis of the literature data on the pulse-wave propagation velocity using a combination of electrocardiographic and photoplethysmographic signals was carried out. Its diagnostic value in medical practice lies in its use as a noninvasive method for measuring blood pressure, as well as for determining arterial stiffness. Some studies have shown a relationship between the velocity of pulse-wave propagation and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Pulse-wave propagation velocity is an early marker and predictor of cardiovascular risk in both people with normal blood pressure and people with hypertension; it is used as the “gold standard” in determining arterial stiffness; however, the issue of accuracy and automation of measuring the pulse-wave propagation velocity remains unresolved.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060040
A. K. Chigasova, L. A. Ostrovskaya, D. B. Korman, N. V. Bluhterova
Abstract
A comparative study of the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of action of polyacrylates containing gold (aurumacryl) and silver (argacryl) against human tumor cells (MCF-7 cell culture) has been carried out. The high cytotoxic activity of the drugs has been shown. Argacryl was found to be 20 times more effective than aurumacryl. It was found that apoptosis was the dominant mechanism in the death of tumor cells induced by aurumacryl and argacryl. Differences in the effect of drugs on the DNA structure of tumor cells were revealed.
{"title":"The Mechanism of the Cytotoxic Effect of Noble Metal Polyacrylates on Tumor Cells","authors":"A. K. Chigasova, L. A. Ostrovskaya, D. B. Korman, N. V. Bluhterova","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060040","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A comparative study of the cytotoxic activity and mechanism of action of polyacrylates containing gold (aurumacryl) and silver (argacryl) against human tumor cells (MCF-7 cell culture) has been carried out. The high cytotoxic activity of the drugs has been shown. Argacryl was found to be 20 times more effective than aurumacryl. It was found that apoptosis was the dominant mechanism in the death of tumor cells induced by aurumacryl and argacryl. Differences in the effect of drugs on the DNA structure of tumor cells were revealed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060131
V. P. Nesterov, A. I. Burdygin, K. B. Ivanov, K. V. Sobol, I. V. Shemarova
Abstract
The article expounds, with examples, how to apply the computer method of arterial piezo pulsometry designed to provide a rapid noninvasive test for the functional state and the nature of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular (CV) system in patients varying in age and health status. The involvement and role were assessed for the contractile component of left ventricular (LV) myocytes as a universal muscle effector that ensures both the basic pumping function of the heart and the implementation of the autonomic regulation of heart contractions via peripheral neurohumoral mechanisms that maintain the optimal level of cardiac hemodynamics. The analysis was found to enhance the predictive value of early noninvasive pulsometric diagnosis of the individual functional state and the nature of the regulation of the human CV system during ontogeny. This knowledge helps identifying the risk that may threaten the evolutionary ability of the CV system to maintain a dynamic balance, self-regulation, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions and is associated with distorted homeostasis of the body.
{"title":"Piezo Pulsometric Analysis of the Functional State of the Human Cardiovascular System","authors":"V. P. Nesterov, A. I. Burdygin, K. B. Ivanov, K. V. Sobol, I. V. Shemarova","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060131","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The article expounds, with examples, how to apply the computer method of arterial piezo pulsometry designed to provide a rapid noninvasive test for the functional state and the nature of autonomic regulation of the cardiovascular (CV) system in patients varying in age and health status. The involvement and role were assessed for the contractile component of left ventricular (LV) myocytes as a universal muscle effector that ensures both the basic pumping function of the heart and the implementation of the autonomic regulation of heart contractions via peripheral neurohumoral mechanisms that maintain the optimal level of cardiac hemodynamics. The analysis was found to enhance the predictive value of early noninvasive pulsometric diagnosis of the individual functional state and the nature of the regulation of the human CV system during ontogeny. This knowledge helps identifying the risk that may threaten the evolutionary ability of the CV system to maintain a dynamic balance, self-regulation, and adaptation to changing environmental conditions and is associated with distorted homeostasis of the body.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060076
M. A. Duk, A. A. Kanapin, M. P. Bankin, M. A. Vishnyakova, S. V. Bulyntsev, M. G. Samsonova
Abstract
The chickpea Cicer arientinum is an important leguminous crop and is especially widely grown in the Near East. Because chickpea is highly susceptible to fungal diseases, such as Ascochyta blight and Fusarium blight, in wet weather conditions, disease-resistant and early-ripening varieties are critically important to breed. Genome associations were studied in 171 samples of chickpea plants grown in two experimental stations in Krasnodar krai (Kuban experimental station) and Astrakhan (Astrakhan experimental station). Relationships with genes were assessed for 12 phenotypic traits and 3 hallmarks of resistance to the pathogens Fusarium, Ascochyta, and Noctuidae. Variants associated with different phenotypic traits were identified using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods.
{"title":"Genome-Wide Association Analysis in Chickpea Landraces and Cultivars","authors":"M. A. Duk, A. A. Kanapin, M. P. Bankin, M. A. Vishnyakova, S. V. Bulyntsev, M. G. Samsonova","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923060076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923060076","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The chickpea <i>Cicer arientinum</i> is an important leguminous crop and is especially widely grown in the Near East. Because chickpea is highly susceptible to fungal diseases, such as Ascochyta blight and Fusarium blight, in wet weather conditions, disease-resistant and early-ripening varieties are critically important to breed. Genome associations were studied in 171 samples of chickpea plants grown in two experimental stations in Krasnodar krai (Kuban experimental station) and Astrakhan (Astrakhan experimental station). Relationships with genes were assessed for 12 phenotypic traits and 3 hallmarks of resistance to the pathogens <i>Fusarium</i>, <i>Ascochyta</i>, and Noctuidae. Variants associated with different phenotypic traits were identified using genome-wide association study (GWAS) methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140172661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923060106
A. A. Korobkov, A. A. Khurmuzakiy, N. G. Esipova, V. G. Tymanyan, A. A. Anashkina
Abstract
β-Bends are a difficult to interpret type of polypeptide chain backbone structure of globular proteins. β-Bends are usually classified according to the dihedral angles φ and ψ of amino acid residues i + 1 and i + 2. Ramachandran map analysis of amino acid residues i + 1 and i + 2 indicates the resulting conformational stresses in bending. This kind of conformation stresses can only be compensated by additional interactions, such as additional hydrogen bonds, whose geometry and energy compensates for the β-bending stress. Neutronography is the only available direct method for determining the position of hydrogen atoms in the structures of chemical compounds, including proteins. In this work, β-bends from 176 protein structures from PDB established by neutronography are studied. In these structures, 3733 β-bends were found using the i → i + 3 hydrogen bonding criterion. Using clustering by the magnitude of conformational angles, eight types of bends were newly identified. The magnitudes of conformational angles for each type of bend were determined. The hypothesis of additional hydrogen bonding to stabilize the bend was not confirmed, suggesting that the bending stress is compensated by other factors.
摘要 β-弯曲是一种难以解释的球状蛋白质多肽链骨架结构类型。β-弯曲通常根据氨基酸残基 i + 1 和 i + 2 的二面角 φ 和 ψ 进行分类。氨基酸残基 i + 1 和 i + 2 的拉马钱德兰图分析表明了由此产生的弯曲构象应力。这种构象应力只能通过额外的相互作用来补偿，如额外的氢键，其几何形状和能量可以补偿β弯曲应力。中子成像是确定氢原子在包括蛋白质在内的化合物结构中位置的唯一可用的直接方法。在这项工作中，研究了通过中子射线照相法确定的 176 个 PDB 蛋白质结构中的β弯曲。根据 i → i + 3 氢键标准，在这些结构中发现了 3733 个 β-弯曲。根据构象角的大小进行聚类，新发现了八种类型的弯曲。确定了每种弯曲类型的构象角大小。额外氢键稳定弯曲的假设没有得到证实，这表明弯曲应力是由其他因素补偿的。
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