Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050263
N. Kh. Shadrina
Abstract
A minimal mathematical model of the wall of a small arterial vessel was created based on the published results of experiments with rat cerebral vessels. It was assumed that the active stress has only a circumferential component and depends on the circumferential stretch, the calcium concentration in the cytoplasm, and the membrane potential of smooth muscle cells. The model of a small artery qualitatively reproduces the results of more sophisticated models of other vessels under normal physiological conditions. Unlike in a similar model with a single cell parameter taken into account, the addition of the membrane potential as one of the main parameters made it possible to detect a qualitative change that occurs in the dependence of circumferential stress on the stretch and radial coordinate with a change in vascular tone. At fixed values of the membrane potential and calcium concentration in the phase of vascular tone development, the stress decreases towards the outer wall of the vessel and increases with the increasing stretch. Once the tone has formed, the direction of changes in circumferential stress reverses.
{"title":"Minimal Model of the Dependence of Stresses in a Cerebral Vessel Wall on Smooth Muscle Cell Parameters","authors":"N. Kh. Shadrina","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050263","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A minimal mathematical model of the wall of a small arterial vessel was created based on the published results of experiments with rat cerebral vessels. It was assumed that the active stress has only a circumferential component and depends on the circumferential stretch, the calcium concentration in the cytoplasm, and the membrane potential of smooth muscle cells. The model of a small artery qualitatively reproduces the results of more sophisticated models of other vessels under normal physiological conditions. Unlike in a similar model with a single cell parameter taken into account, the addition of the membrane potential as one of the main parameters made it possible to detect a qualitative change that occurs in the dependence of circumferential stress on the stretch and radial coordinate with a change in vascular tone. At fixed values of the membrane potential and calcium concentration in the phase of vascular tone development, the stress decreases towards the outer wall of the vessel and increases with the increasing stretch. Once the tone has formed, the direction of changes in circumferential stress reverses.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140073042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050287
D. M. Sorokina, I. F. Shaidullov, A. R. Gizzatullin, F. G. Sitdikov, G. F. Sitdikova
Abstract
The roles of nitric oxide, intra- and extracellular calcium in the effects of hydrogen sulfide on spontaneous and carbachol-induced contractions of rat jejunal preparation under conditions of isometric contraction were studied. A donor of H2S (sodium hydrosulfide) led to a decrease in the preparation tone, amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, as well as parameters of the contractions caused by carbachol, a nonspecific agonist of acetylcholine receptors. The effect of the H2S donor persisted under conditions of the inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis with L-NAME, while in the presence of the action of SNAP (an NO donor), the effects of NaHS on the amplitudes of spontaneous and carbachol-induced contractions were less pronounced. A decrease in preparation tone under the effect of NaHS was prevented by dantrolene, a blocker of ryanodine receptors. The calcium-free solution decreased the inhibitory effect of NaHS on the contractions induced by the application of carbachol. It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of H2S is associated with the dynamics of intracellular concentration of calcium ions, and the interaction of NO and H2S occurs at the level of common targets of the effect of the two gases.
摘要 研究了一氧化氮、细胞内和细胞外钙在硫化氢对等长收缩条件下大鼠空肠自发收缩和卡巴胆碱诱导收缩的影响中的作用。硫化氢供体（硫氢化钠）可降低空肠准备的张力、自发收缩的幅度和频率，以及卡巴胆碱（一种乙酰胆碱受体的非特异性激动剂）引起的收缩参数。在用 L-NAME 抑制内源性 NO 合成的条件下，H2S 供体的作用持续存在，而在 SNAP（一种 NO 供体）的作用下，NaHS 对自发收缩和卡巴胆碱诱导的收缩幅度的影响不明显。阻断雷诺丁受体的丹曲林（dantrolene）可防止在 NaHS 作用下准备张力的降低。无钙溶液降低了 NaHS 对卡巴胆碱诱导的收缩的抑制作用。这表明 H2S 的抑制作用与细胞内钙离子浓度的动态变化有关，而 NO 和 H2S 的相互作用发生在两种气体作用的共同靶标水平上。
{"title":"The Roles of Nitric Oxide and Calcium Ions in the Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Contractile Activity of the Rat Jejunum","authors":"D. M. Sorokina, I. F. Shaidullov, A. R. Gizzatullin, F. G. Sitdikov, G. F. Sitdikova","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050287","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The roles of nitric oxide, intra- and extracellular calcium in the effects of hydrogen sulfide on spontaneous and carbachol-induced contractions of rat jejunal preparation under conditions of isometric contraction were studied. A donor of H<sub>2</sub>S (sodium hydrosulfide) led to a decrease in the preparation tone, amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions, as well as parameters of the contractions caused by carbachol, a nonspecific agonist of acetylcholine receptors. The effect of the H<sub>2</sub>S donor persisted under conditions of the inhibition of endogenous NO synthesis with L-NAME, while in the presence of the action of SNAP (an NO donor), the effects of NaHS on the amplitudes of spontaneous and carbachol-induced contractions were less pronounced. A decrease in preparation tone under the effect of NaHS was prevented by dantrolene, a blocker of ryanodine receptors. The calcium-free solution decreased the inhibitory effect of NaHS on the contractions induced by the application of carbachol. It is suggested that the inhibitory effect of H<sub>2</sub>S is associated with the dynamics of intracellular concentration of calcium ions, and the interaction of NO and H<sub>2</sub>S occurs at the level of common targets of the effect of the two gases.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050202
A. Yu. Perevaryukha
Abstract
Specific processes of the local epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 are analyzed with a comparison of the qualitative differences between fluctuations in 2020 and 2023. A study using the methods of nonlinear dynamics on the development of epidemic processes in the context of a rapidly changing situation required classification of typical trends and unique situations that sometimes change at an extraordinary rate. A rather sharp change in the local trends is a distinctive feature of the modern pandemic: the effect at attenuation of the primary outbreak of morbidity and a sudden sharp beginning of a new epidemic wave after a long trend of decreasing daily infections. Minimizing the infections did not become a victory over the virus, but created a false illusion of success. The existing experience in constructing predictions based on the models of past epidemic processes did not help when encountering a new evolving virus. The previously obtained understanding of the development and completion of epidemic processes for influenza strains interfered when predicting the scenario for the completion of the distribution of the new infection, which is also associated with the event-based nature of the process and the variety of dynamic situations. The victory over COVID that was declared by many countries in the minimum phase after a peak was premature. New Zealand and Japan, which selected the strategy of strict lockdown measures in 2020 experienced an increase in the cases of infections at the beginning of 2023 due to new strains breaking through vaccine immunity. The pandemics of the “Spanish” flu and “swine” flu respiratory viruses (many individuals made predictions based on this analogy) died out naturally after the passage of two or three waves. At the beginning of 2023 (against the background of a global positive trend), a record increase in the indices of both mortality and daily morbidity due to the emergence of locally circulating “alarming” strains was observed in some countries. The current stage with the isolation of stable regional strains substantiates the classification of a number of differentiated properties of the dynamics of regional epidemic situations. Among the observed effects of the epidemic, extreme phenomena of instantaneous destruction of established regimes (a sharp transition from long-damping oscillations to a new exponential outbreak in the number of infections) upon bifurcation are separately highlighted. The selected variants for the development of epidemic transient oscillatory processes are individually described by equations with a delay for local epidemic trends. Equations for the description of three variants of development of the observed stages of local epidemics are proposed. At this stage, the task of constructing a generalizing predictive model of the pandemic for the description of interconnected regional processes is insoluble. The January 2024 Covid wave of recomb
{"title":"Analysis of the Development of Trends in the Current Epidemic Situation during Spread of the New SARS-CoV-2 Strains and Factors of their Regional Differentiation","authors":"A. Yu. Perevaryukha","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050202","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Specific processes of the local epidemic dynamics of COVID-19 are analyzed with a comparison of the qualitative differences between fluctuations in 2020 and 2023. A study using the methods of nonlinear dynamics on the development of epidemic processes in the context of a rapidly changing situation required classification of typical trends and unique situations that sometimes change at an extraordinary rate. A rather sharp change in the local trends is a distinctive feature of the modern pandemic: the effect at attenuation of the primary outbreak of morbidity and a sudden sharp beginning of a new epidemic wave after a long trend of decreasing daily infections. Minimizing the infections did not become a victory over the virus, but created a false illusion of success. The existing experience in constructing predictions based on the models of past epidemic processes did not help when encountering a new evolving virus. The previously obtained understanding of the development and completion of epidemic processes for influenza strains interfered when predicting the scenario for the completion of the distribution of the new infection, which is also associated with the event-based nature of the process and the variety of dynamic situations. The victory over COVID that was declared by many countries in the minimum phase after a peak was premature. New Zealand and Japan, which selected the strategy of strict lockdown measures in 2020 experienced an increase in the cases of infections at the beginning of 2023 due to new strains breaking through vaccine immunity. The pandemics of the “Spanish” flu and “swine” flu respiratory viruses (many individuals made predictions based on this analogy) died out naturally after the passage of two or three waves. At the beginning of 2023 (against the background of a global positive trend), a record increase in the indices of both mortality and daily morbidity due to the emergence of locally circulating “alarming” strains was observed in some countries. The current stage with the isolation of stable regional strains substantiates the classification of a number of differentiated properties of the dynamics of regional epidemic situations. Among the observed effects of the epidemic, extreme phenomena of instantaneous destruction of established regimes (a sharp transition from long-damping oscillations to a new exponential outbreak in the number of infections) upon bifurcation are separately highlighted. The selected variants for the development of epidemic transient oscillatory processes are individually described by equations with a delay for local epidemic trends. Equations for the description of three variants of development of the observed stages of local epidemics are proposed. At this stage, the task of constructing a generalizing predictive model of the pandemic for the description of interconnected regional processes is insoluble. The January 2024 Covid wave of recomb","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140073045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050159
S. M. Makin, A. N. Dubovitskaya, D. Yu. Bogomolov, M. S. Kondratyev, M. G. Holyavka, V. G. Artyukhov
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the features of the spatial organization of the endoinulinase molecule from Aspergillus ficuum after its binding to mono-, di-, and polysaccharides. This study examined changes in volume and number of internal cavities upon binding of inulinase to mono- (glucose, fructose), di- (sucrose, mannose), and polysaccharides (inulin). Transformations in the quantity and length of tunnels and pores were described, and the reorganization of the composition and localization of charged and hydrophobic amino acid residues clusters on the surface of the enzyme molecule was analyzed. It was shown that the models of inulinase in the complex with sucrose (an alternative substrate) and mannose (an activator) exhibit the same types of internal structures. A similar pattern was found in the formation of complexes with fructose (a reaction product) and glucose (an inhibitor). In addition, it was established that both charged and hydrophobic clusters do not undergo significant changes in chemical composition after the binding of inulinase to mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, i.e., the interaction between inulinase and carbohydrates mentioned above primarily affects the internal structures of the enzyme. The specificity of the binding of inulinases to various ligands should be taken into account while developing modern industrial biocatalysts based on inulinase.
{"title":"The Specificity of Interactions between Endoinulinase from Aspergillus ficuum and Mono-, Di-, and Polysaccharides","authors":"S. M. Makin, A. N. Dubovitskaya, D. Yu. Bogomolov, M. S. Kondratyev, M. G. Holyavka, V. G. Artyukhov","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050159","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The aim of this study was to analyze the features of the spatial organization of the endoinulinase molecule from <i>Aspergillus ficuum</i> after its binding to mono-, di-, and polysaccharides. This study examined changes in volume and number of internal cavities upon binding of inulinase to mono- (glucose, fructose), di- (sucrose, mannose), and polysaccharides (inulin). Transformations in the quantity and length of tunnels and pores were described, and the reorganization of the composition and localization of charged and hydrophobic amino acid residues clusters on the surface of the enzyme molecule was analyzed. It was shown that the models of inulinase in the complex with sucrose (an alternative substrate) and mannose (an activator) exhibit the same types of internal structures. A similar pattern was found in the formation of complexes with fructose (a reaction product) and glucose (an inhibitor). In addition, it was established that both charged and hydrophobic clusters do not undergo significant changes in chemical composition after the binding of inulinase to mono-, di-, and polysaccharides, i.e., the interaction between inulinase and carbohydrates mentioned above primarily affects the internal structures of the enzyme. The specificity of the binding of inulinases to various ligands should be taken into account while developing modern industrial biocatalysts based on inulinase.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050056
I. V. Bezdvornykh, N. A. Cherkasov, A. A. Kanapin, A. A. Samsonova
Abstract
Genomic structural variations (SVs) are among the main sources of genetic diversity. Structural variants as mutagens may significantly affect human health, causing hereditary diseases and cancers. Existing methods analyze high-throughput sequencing data to find structural variants. Despite substantial progress in their development, the methods still fail to detect structural variations with an accuracy sufficient for their use in diagnosis. Analysis of the sequencing coverage signal (i.e., the number of aligned sequencing reads for every point of a genome) holds the new potential for designing approaches to structural variation detection and can be used as time-series analysis. A method to detect repetitive patterns in the coverage signal was developed based on the time series-assessing algorithms KNN (K-nearest neighbor) and SAX (Symbolic Aggregation Approximation). Using the rich dataset encompassing the full genomes of 911 individuals with different ethnic backgrounds from the Human Genome Diversity Project, generalized patterns of the coverage signal were constructed for regions in the vicinity of breakpoints corresponding to various structural variant types. The patterns were used to develop a software package for fast detection of anomalies in the coverage signal.
{"title":"Searching for Sequencing Signal Anomalies Associated with Genomic Structural Variations","authors":"I. V. Bezdvornykh, N. A. Cherkasov, A. A. Kanapin, A. A. Samsonova","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050056","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Genomic structural variations (SVs) are among the main sources of genetic diversity. Structural variants as mutagens may significantly affect human health, causing hereditary diseases and cancers. Existing methods analyze high-throughput sequencing data to find structural variants. Despite substantial progress in their development, the methods still fail to detect structural variations with an accuracy sufficient for their use in diagnosis. Analysis of the sequencing coverage signal (i.e., the number of aligned sequencing reads for every point of a genome) holds the new potential for designing approaches to structural variation detection and can be used as time-series analysis. A method to detect repetitive patterns in the coverage signal was developed based on the time series-assessing algorithms KNN (K-nearest neighbor) and SAX (Symbolic Aggregation Approximation). Using the rich dataset encompassing the full genomes of 911 individuals with different ethnic backgrounds from the Human Genome Diversity Project, generalized patterns of the coverage signal were constructed for regions in the vicinity of breakpoints corresponding to various structural variant types. The patterns were used to develop a software package for fast detection of anomalies in the coverage signal.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050032
G. E. Aksyonova, O. S. Logvinovich, V. N. Afanasyev, K. I. Lizorkina
Abstract
During the hibernation season, the values for the parameters of the cell cycle of red bone marrow cells in the hibernating ground squirrels Urocitellus undulatus, when they return to an active-like state between periods of torpor and interbout arousal, do not differ from those observed in summer-active animals. In animals that enter a state of torpor, the cumulative percentage of cells in the resting phase (G0 phase) and pre-synthesis phase (G1 phase) increased from 71.8 to 76.0%, the percentage of cells in the synthesis phase (S phase) decreased from 19.3 to 15.3% compared to those animals that return to an active-like state between periods of torpor and interbout arousal. The cumulative percentage of cells in the post DNA synthesis phase (G2 phase) and mitosis (M) does not change, but (G2 + M)/S ratio increases. When animals enter a state of torpor, changes in parameter values are observed when the animal’s body temperature drops below 25°C; this effect refers to a system whose thermal relaxation time is a nonmonotonic function of the initial temperature. The activity of the key enzyme of polyamine synthesis ornithine decarboxylase, a marker of cell activation and proliferation during interbout arousal does not significantly differ from that observed in summer-active animals; the enzymatic activity decreases sharply, when animals decrease their body temperature below 25°C and enter the state of torpor, and this activity remains at a low level during hibernation and arousal until body temperature reaches 30°C. The role of changes in the parameter values associated with proliferative activity in adaptation of hematopoietic tissue during hibernation of the Yakutian ground squirrel is discussed.
{"title":"Cell Cycle Parameters and Ornithine Decarboxylase Activity in the Red Bone Marrow of Hibernating Ground Squirrels Urocitellus undulatus","authors":"G. E. Aksyonova, O. S. Logvinovich, V. N. Afanasyev, K. I. Lizorkina","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050032","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>During the hibernation season, the values for the parameters of the cell cycle of red bone marrow cells in the hibernating ground squirrels <i>Urocitellus undulatus</i>, when they return to an active-like state between periods of torpor and interbout arousal, do not differ from those observed in summer-active animals. In animals that enter a state of torpor, the cumulative percentage of cells in the resting phase (G<sub>0</sub> phase) and pre-synthesis phase (G<sub>1</sub> phase) increased from 71.8 to 76.0%, the percentage of cells in the synthesis phase (S phase) decreased from 19.3 to 15.3% compared to those animals that return to an active-like state between periods of torpor and interbout arousal. The cumulative percentage of cells in the post DNA synthesis phase (G<sub>2</sub> phase) and mitosis (M) does not change, but (G<sub>2</sub> + M)/S ratio increases. When animals enter a state of torpor, changes in parameter values are observed when the animal’s body temperature drops below 25°C; this effect refers to a system whose thermal relaxation time is a nonmonotonic function of the initial temperature. The activity of the key enzyme of polyamine synthesis ornithine decarboxylase, a marker of cell activation and proliferation during interbout arousal does not significantly differ from that observed in summer-active animals; the enzymatic activity decreases sharply, when animals decrease their body temperature below 25°C and enter the state of torpor, and this activity remains at a low level during hibernation and arousal until body temperature reaches 30°C. The role of changes in the parameter values associated with proliferative activity in adaptation of hematopoietic tissue during hibernation of the Yakutian ground squirrel is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050184
S. N. Myakisheva, Y. L. Baburina, M. I. Kobyakova, R. R. Krestinin, L. D. Sotnikova, O. V. Krestinina
Abstract
The effects of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, melatonin, and their combined use on proliferative activity, changes in cytosolic Ca2+, membrane potential, and production of reactive oxygen species in the culture of mouse N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells (clone C-1300) were studied. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and melatonin have been shown to inhibit proliferation and enhance cell differentiation. At the same time, the content of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased, while the content of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax increased, which might suggest the launch of an apoptotic cascade. However, the use of these two drugs together did not enhance the observed effects. Apparently, the mechanisms by which diethyldithiocarbamates and melatonin acted on cells were different.
{"title":"The Combined Effects of Melatonin and Diethyldithiocarbamate on Mouse N1E-115 Neuroblastoma Cells (Clone C-1300)","authors":"S. N. Myakisheva, Y. L. Baburina, M. I. Kobyakova, R. R. Krestinin, L. D. Sotnikova, O. V. Krestinina","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050184","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The effects of sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, melatonin, and their combined use on proliferative activity, changes in cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup>, membrane potential, and production of reactive oxygen species in the culture of mouse N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells (clone C-1300) were studied. Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate and melatonin have been shown to inhibit proliferation and enhance cell differentiation. At the same time, the content of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased, while the content of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax increased, which might suggest the launch of an apoptotic cascade. However, the use of these two drugs together did not enhance the observed effects. Apparently, the mechanisms by which diethyldithiocarbamates and melatonin acted on cells were different.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140076369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050275
V. S. Shubina, M. I. Kobyakova, Yu. V. Shatalin
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effect of taxifolin, a conjugate of taxifolin with glyoxalic acid, and naringenin on the phagocytosis of latex beads by neutrophils and the adhesive properties of these cells. It has been shown that taxifolin did not affect the phagocytic activity and adhesive properties of neutrophils. The conjugate of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid significantly inhibited the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. The conjugate also significantly enhanced the adhesion of these cells. Naringenin reduced the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, however, to a lesser extent than the conjugate. Naringenin also inhibited the adhesion of neutrophils. The data obtained indicate that polyphenols can affect the functional activity of neutrophils; this effect can play an important role in modulating the inflammatory process, in particular when prolonged activation of neutrophils leads to damage of the body’s own cells and tissues.
{"title":"The Effect of Taxifolin, a Conjugate of Taxifolin with Glyoxylic Acid, and Naringenin on the Functional Activity of Neutrophils","authors":"V. S. Shubina, M. I. Kobyakova, Yu. V. Shatalin","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050275","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The aim of this work was to study the effect of taxifolin, a conjugate of taxifolin with glyoxalic acid, and naringenin on the phagocytosis of latex beads by neutrophils and the adhesive properties of these cells. It has been shown that taxifolin did not affect the phagocytic activity and adhesive properties of neutrophils. The conjugate of taxifolin with glyoxylic acid significantly inhibited the phagocytic activity of neutrophils. The conjugate also significantly enhanced the adhesion of these cells. Naringenin reduced the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, however, to a lesser extent than the conjugate. Naringenin also inhibited the adhesion of neutrophils. The data obtained indicate that polyphenols can affect the functional activity of neutrophils; this effect can play an important role in modulating the inflammatory process, in particular when prolonged activation of neutrophils leads to damage of the body’s own cells and tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140884803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.1134/s0006350923050135
R. A. Lafta, M. W. Shafaa, W. M. Darwish, M. S. El-Nagdy
Abstract
The interactions of the antitumor substance cisplatin and the antioxidant substance lutein with liposomes, which are considered as model membranes, have been characterized. The morphology of all liposomes was almost spherical; in the absence of the studied substances, liposomes were more evenly distributed by size and less prone to aggregation. The average size of unloaded liposomes was 617.90 ± 75.64 nm; after inclusion of cisplatin, lutein and their combination, it was 425.60 ± 64.74 nm, 877.85 ± 93.90 nm, and 189.91 ± 136.84 nm, respectively. The inclusion of cisplatin or lutein into liposomal membranes caused an increase in the zeta potential. In the presence of cisplatin in combination with lutein, the zeta potential reached the lowest values. The inclusion of cisplatin into liposomes led to a shift of the main melting point peak towards higher temperature compared to unloaded liposomes, which indicated a conformational violation of the structure of phospholipids. The addition of lutein caused the disappearance of the main endothermic peak characteristic of pure liposomes. A study by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the interaction of lutein and cisplatin with functional groups of liposomes. In the absence of gamma irradiation, the IC50 of lutein in the cytotoxicity test with MCF-7 cells was 10.62 μg/mL; the IC50 of cisplatin was 41.02 μg/mL. The IC50 of lutein and cisplatin in nanoliposomes was 65.84 and 34.29 μg/mL, respectively. In combination therapy with a dose of gamma radiation of 5 and 10 Gy, the IC50 of lutein decreased from 17.0 to 9.5 μg/mL. The IC50 of cisplatin changed from 51.00 to 43.09 μg/mL. This study showed that the cytotoxic effect of the standard form of lutein was stronger than that of lutein in nanoliposomes. According to this, a new therapy protocol can be proposed in which cisplatin should be replaced with lutein to increase the effectiveness of therapy against MCF-7 tumor cells.
{"title":"The Comparative Cytotoxic Activities of Lutein and Cisplatin in Combination with Liposomes in Relation to Breast Tumor Cells Exposed to Radiotherapy","authors":"R. A. Lafta, M. W. Shafaa, W. M. Darwish, M. S. El-Nagdy","doi":"10.1134/s0006350923050135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s0006350923050135","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The interactions of the antitumor substance cisplatin and the antioxidant substance lutein with liposomes, which are considered as model membranes, have been characterized. The morphology of all liposomes was almost spherical; in the absence of the studied substances, liposomes were more evenly distributed by size and less prone to aggregation. The average size of unloaded liposomes was 617.90 ± 75.64 nm; after inclusion of cisplatin, lutein and their combination, it was 425.60 ± 64.74 nm, 877.85 ± 93.90 nm, and 189.91 ± 136.84 nm, respectively. The inclusion of cisplatin or lutein into liposomal membranes caused an increase in the zeta potential. In the presence of cisplatin in combination with lutein, the zeta potential reached the lowest values. The inclusion of cisplatin into liposomes led to a shift of the main melting point peak towards higher temperature compared to unloaded liposomes, which indicated a conformational violation of the structure of phospholipids. The addition of lutein caused the disappearance of the main endothermic peak characteristic of pure liposomes. A study by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the interaction of lutein and cisplatin with functional groups of liposomes. In the absence of gamma irradiation, the <i>IC</i><sub>50</sub> of lutein in the cytotoxicity test with MCF-7 cells was 10.62 μg/mL; the <i>IC</i><sub>50</sub> of cisplatin was 41.02 μg/mL. The <i>IC</i><sub>50</sub> of lutein and cisplatin in nanoliposomes was 65.84 and 34.29 μg/mL, respectively. In combination therapy with a dose of gamma radiation of 5 and 10 Gy, the <i>IC</i><sub>50</sub> of lutein decreased from 17.0 to 9.5 μg/mL. The <i>IC</i><sub>50</sub> of cisplatin changed from 51.00 to 43.09 μg/mL. This study showed that the cytotoxic effect of the standard form of lutein was stronger than that of lutein in nanoliposomes. According to this, a new therapy protocol can be proposed in which cisplatin should be replaced with lutein to increase the effectiveness of therapy against MCF-7 tumor cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140073128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1134/s000635092304022x
A. V. Temnykh, M. I. Silakov, O. V. Mashukova
Abstract
The ability to bioluminescence has been found in many marine hydrobionts, including almost all representatives of the Ctenophora phylum which have the ability to emit light. The luminescence of species and bioluminescent substrates isolated from them are actively used in biology, ecology and medicine to study the physiological state of the organism or to identify unfavorable environmental parameters. Parameters of luminescence of representatives of Black Sea ctenophores Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 (Lobata) and Beroe ovata Bruguière, 1789 (Beroida) are used in the study of the effects of toxicants, such as liquid hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and heavy metals. The ability to bioluminescence of an autochthonous inhabitant of the Black Sea, the ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus (O.F. Müller, 1776), was doubted by some researchers. The aim of this study was to confirm the ability of this species to glow and to choose the optimal time for conducting experiments with it. It was found that all size groups of this species exhibited a bioluminescent reaction to mechanical and chemical stimulation at any time of the day. With chemical stimulation, the bioluminescent signal energy values were several times higher than with mechanical stimulation. It was found that the optimal time for conducting biophysical studies is the period from 20:00 to 6:00, since the energy indicators of the bioluminescent signal at this time are maximum within a day.
{"title":"Bioluminescence of Ctenophore Pleurobrachia pileus (O. F. Müller, 1776) in the Summer Period","authors":"A. V. Temnykh, M. I. Silakov, O. V. Mashukova","doi":"10.1134/s000635092304022x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s000635092304022x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The ability to bioluminescence has been found in many marine hydrobionts, including almost all representatives of the Ctenophora phylum which have the ability to emit light. The luminescence of species and bioluminescent substrates isolated from them are actively used in biology, ecology and medicine to study the physiological state of the organism or to identify unfavorable environmental parameters. Parameters of luminescence of representatives of Black Sea ctenophores <i>Mnemiopsis leidyi</i> A. Agassiz, 1865 (Lobata) and <i>Beroe ovata</i> Bruguière, 1789 (Beroida) are used in the study of the effects of toxicants, such as liquid hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, and heavy metals. The ability to bioluminescence of an autochthonous inhabitant of the Black Sea, the ctenophore <i>Pleurobrachia pileus</i> (O.F. Müller, 1776), was doubted by some researchers. The aim of this study was to confirm the ability of this species to glow and to choose the optimal time for conducting experiments with it. It was found that all size groups of this species exhibited a bioluminescent reaction to mechanical and chemical stimulation at any time of the day. With chemical stimulation, the bioluminescent signal energy values were several times higher than with mechanical stimulation. It was found that the optimal time for conducting biophysical studies is the period from 20:00 to 6:00, since the energy indicators of the bioluminescent signal at this time are maximum within a day.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138629183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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