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System identification in presence of undetectable packet losses in the actuation path 在驱动路径中存在无法检测到的数据包丢失时的系统识别
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231202667
Amir Mohammadzadeh, Babak Tavassoli
Identification of networked systems over communication links with packet losses is considered. It is assumed that there is no connection from the actuators to the system identifier such that no information is available on loss of data packets carrying the actuation signals. While the packet loss occurrences in the sensor links are naturally detectable by the system identifier as the receiving node, the packet loss occurrences in the actuation paths are not directly detectable. The existing system identification methods fail to be applicable without the information on packet loss occurrences. Presenting a solution for this issue is the objective of the present work. Two recursive algorithms are proposed to solve the problem in real time. For this purpose, ARMAX input–output representations of the system with Markovian jumping modes are developed. Then, filters are designed for estimation of the packet loss occurrences. The estimated mode is used in the recursive algorithms for identification of the whole system based on the maximum likelihood approach. A main algorithm and its simplified version are proposed that are capable of finding the various kinds of system parameters including the physical plant parameters and the communication mode transition probabilities. Effectiveness of the algorithms is verified through simulation examples where the system performance is evaluated and compared.
考虑了在通信链路上具有丢包的网络系统的识别。假定没有从致动器到系统标识符的连接,因此没有关于携带致动信号的数据包丢失的可用信息。作为接收节点的系统标识符可以自然地检测到传感器链路中的丢包情况,而驱动路径中的丢包情况则不能直接检测到。如果没有丢包信息,现有的系统识别方法将无法应用。提出解决这个问题的办法是本工作的目的。为了实时解决这一问题,提出了两种递归算法。为此,开发了具有马尔可夫跳跃模式的系统的ARMAX输入输出表示。然后,设计了用于估计丢包发生的过滤器。在基于极大似然方法的递推算法中,采用估计模式对整个系统进行辨识。提出了一种能够求出各种系统参数的主要算法及其简化版本,包括物理设备参数和通信模式转移概率。通过仿真实例对系统性能进行了评价和比较,验证了算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive control of a class of uncertain nonlinear systems using brain emotional learning and Legendre polynomials 基于脑情感学习和勒让德多项式的一类不确定非线性系统自适应控制
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231203270
Fatemeh Amiri, Saeed Khorashadizadeh
In this paper, an adaptive controller for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems is presented using a combination of Legendre polynomials and brain emotional learning-based intelligent controller (BELBIC). Recently, some versions of BELBIC have been presented with the aim of satisfying the universal approximation property using Gaussian basis function. However, the size of regressor vector is too large that imposes a heavy computational load to the processor. The novelty of this paper is presenting a new version of BELBIC with less computational burden using Legendre polynomials. Moreover, there are very few tuning parameters in Legendre polynomials. Another contribution of this paper is editing the stability analysis presented in recent related works. Due to the intrinsic non-differentiability of the adaptation rules of BELBIC, the second time derivative of Lyapunov function is undefined and thus, the Barbalat’s lemma cannot be applied to verify the asymptotic convergence of the error function. Therefore, bounded-input-bounded-output (BIBO) stability can only be claimed for this controller. Simulation results on different case studies show that Legendre polynomials can improve the universal approximation property of BELBIC with less tuning parameters. Moreover, in the absence of the robust control term in the control law, the performance Legendre polynomials will not deteriorate, while the performance degrade in Gaussian basis function is quite considerable.
本文将Legendre多项式与基于大脑情绪学习的智能控制器(BELBIC)相结合,提出了一类不确定非线性系统的自适应控制器。最近,为了满足高斯基函数的全称逼近性质,提出了一些版本的BELBIC。然而,回归向量的大小太大,给处理器带来了沉重的计算负担。本文的新颖之处在于利用勒让德多项式提出了一种计算量更小的新版本BELBIC。此外,在勒让德多项式中很少有调谐参数。本文的另一个贡献是编辑了最近相关工作中的稳定性分析。由于BELBIC自适应规则的内在不可微性,Lyapunov函数的二阶导数是无定义的,因此不能用Barbalat引理来验证误差函数的渐近收敛性。因此,有界输入-有界输出(BIBO)稳定性只能用于该控制器。不同实例的仿真结果表明,Legendre多项式可以在较少的调谐参数下提高BELBIC的普遍逼近性能。此外,当控制律中没有鲁棒控制项时,勒让德多项式的性能不会下降,而在高斯基函数中性能下降相当大。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of adaptation gain and reference model in MIT and Lyapunov rule–based model reference adaptive control for first- and second-order systems 自适应增益和参考模型对MIT和Lyapunov规则模型参考自适应控制一阶和二阶系统的影响
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231203483
Dhananjay Gupta, Awadhesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar Giri
An adaptive control law encompasses a regulating control rule compensating for system dynamics variations by adjusting the controller characteristics to maintain the overall system performance. Recently, some techniques have been developed based on fundamental aspects of the adaptability of living organisms. The adaptive control method is a technique that measures the dynamic characteristics of the plant automatically and continuously to make a comparison with its required output. It utilizes the difference between these two to commute adaptable system parameters to maintain optimal performance regardless of the system variations. The behavior of the adaptation rule is significantly affected by the adaptation gain value. Here, it has also been investigated that the adaptation gain range is wide for the systems with the lower order. The appropriate range of adaptation gain decreases as the order of the system increases. In the present work, the model reference adaptive control (MRAC) for first- and second-order systems has been designed and investigated using a wide range of values for the adaptation gain and variations in the reference model parameters. The MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Lyapunov rules are applied for the analyses of systems. On the MATLAB/Simulink platform, all the adaptation process comparisons, variations, and investigations have been carried out by altering the adaptation gain and the reference model parameters. The obtained results present encouraging outcomes.
自适应控制律包括调节控制规则,通过调整控制器特性来补偿系统动力学变化,以保持系统的整体性能。近年来,一些基于生物适应性基本方面的技术得到了发展。自适应控制方法是一种自动、连续地测量被控对象动态特性,并与其所需输出量进行比较的技术。它利用这两者之间的差异来交换可适应的系统参数,以保持最佳性能,而不管系统变化。自适应增益值对自适应规则的行为有显著影响。本文还研究了低阶系统的自适应增益范围较宽。适应增益的适当范围随着系统阶数的增加而减小。在本工作中,我们设计和研究了一阶和二阶系统的模型参考自适应控制(MRAC),使用了广泛的自适应增益值和参考模型参数的变化。麻省理工学院和李亚普诺夫规则应用于系统分析。在MATLAB/Simulink平台上,通过改变自适应增益和参考模型参数,进行了所有自适应过程的比较、变化和研究。所得结果显示出令人鼓舞的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive optimal sliding mode control for three-phase voltage source inverter: Reinforcement learning approach 三相电压源逆变器的自适应最优滑模控制:强化学习方法
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231206203
Nga Thi-Thuy Vu, Hieu Xuan Nguyen, Manh Quang Bui
The operation of the three-phase standalone inverter is affected by many factors, such as heavy changes in load, unbalanced loads, nonlinear loads, system uncertainties and external disturbances. These are critical weaknesses for the control system of the three-phase inverter to reach robust optimal performance. This paper proposes an adaptive optimal sliding mode control (AOSMC) scheme for a three-phase nonlinear uncertain inverter. This AOSMC strategy solves the problems of nonlinear optimization by adaptive dynamic programming, one of the techniques of reinforcement learning, and overcomes the uncertainties and disturbance effects by a disturbance observer–based sliding mode controller. This algorithm uses only one neural network to approximate the critic; therefore, the burden of computation is significantly reduced. Both the weight matrix of the critic network and the disturbance observer are asymptotically stable. The overall system is guaranteed to be ultimately uniformly bounded stable via Lyapunov stable theory. The simulation is conducted to validate the insensitivity of the proposed AOSMC algorithm to working conditions. Also, the competitive results are presented to demonstrate the improvement of the proposed AOSMC scheme in comparison to some other existing controllers.
三相独立逆变器的运行受负载剧烈变化、不平衡负载、非线性负载、系统不确定性和外界干扰等诸多因素的影响。这些都是三相逆变器控制系统达到鲁棒最优性能的关键弱点。针对三相非线性不确定逆变器,提出了一种自适应最优滑模控制方案。该策略通过自适应动态规划(一种强化学习技术)解决了非线性优化问题,并通过基于扰动观测器的滑模控制器克服了不确定性和干扰效应。该算法只使用一个神经网络来逼近评论家;因此,大大减少了计算负担。评价网络和干扰观测器的权矩阵都是渐近稳定的。利用李雅普诺夫稳定理论,保证了整个系统最终一致有界稳定。通过仿真验证了所提出的AOSMC算法对工况的不敏感性。对比结果表明,与现有的控制方法相比,本文提出的控制方法有很大的改进。
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引用次数: 0
Centralized model matching integer/fractional-order controller design for multivariable processes with real-time validation 多变量过程集中模型匹配整数/分数阶控制器设计及实时验证
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231203281
S Muthukumari, S Kanagalakshmi, TK Sunil Kumar
This paper proposes a novel approach to design a centralized model matching integer/fractional-order (FO) controller for multivariable processes. As a first step, for a linear time-delay process, a desired closed-loop reference model is formulated with the inclusion of a linear quadratic regulator with integral controller. The reference model is formulated with the objective of embodying the desired closed-loop specifications. The second step involves equating the closed-loop system with the reference model, leading to a synthesis equation that yields a higher-order controller. In the third step, the lower-order approximant of the controller is obtained by matching a set of approximate generalized time moments/approximate generalized Markov parameters of the higher-order controller to that of its lower-order approximate at a few expansion points in the s-plane. The selection of an optimal set of expansion points is formulated in an optimization problem frame with the aim of minimizing the area between responses of the desired and designed closed-loop systems, keeping the stability of the designed closed-loop system as a constraint. The efficacy of the proposed approach is illustrated by the design of different controllers for time-delay-dominated nonsquare process and FO square process. Comparative analysis is carried out using time-domain performance indices by introducing parameter uncertainty and disturbance signals. To demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, a real-time investigation is carried out with the design and implementation of a controller for interacting hybrid (conical and spherical) tank process setup.
提出了一种针对多变量过程的集中模型匹配整数/分数阶(FO)控制器的设计方法。作为第一步,对于线性时滞过程,建立了包含线性二次型调节器和积分控制器的闭环参考模型。参考模型的制定是为了体现所期望的闭环规范。第二步涉及将闭环系统与参考模型等同起来,从而得到合成方程,从而产生高阶控制器。第三步,在s平面的几个展开点上,将高阶控制器的一组近似广义时间矩/近似广义马尔可夫参数与其低阶近似值进行匹配,得到控制器的低阶近似值。在优化问题框架中,以保持设计闭环系统的稳定性为约束,使期望闭环系统的响应与设计闭环系统的响应之间的面积最小为目标,提出了最优扩展点集的选择问题。针对时滞主导的非平方过程和FO平方过程设计了不同的控制器,验证了该方法的有效性。通过引入参数不确定性和干扰信号,采用时域性能指标进行对比分析。为了证明所提出方法的适用性,进行了实时调查,设计和实现了一个相互作用的混合(锥形和球形)罐过程设置控制器。
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引用次数: 0
Consensus of impulsive coupled networked delay systems under edge-based attacks 边缘攻击下脉冲耦合网络延迟系统的一致性
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231164693
Huihui Zhang, Lulu Li, Yifan Sun
This paper investigates the consensus of impulsive coupled networked delay systems (NDSs) under edge-based attacks. First, an edge-based attack model is established, which is asynchronous and can change the states of nodes. Next, according to the number of edges allowed to be attacked at a time instant, the edge-based attack is divided into two cases. For each case, the sufficient condition is given to guarantee the system consensus against the edge-based attacks. Then, by considering a special type of edge-based attacks on the NDSs with star topology, a less conservative consensus criterion is obtained. Finally, two numerical examples are given to verify the correctness of the obtained results.
研究了脉冲耦合网络延迟系统在边缘攻击下的一致性问题。首先,建立了一种异步的、可以改变节点状态的基于边缘的攻击模型;其次,根据同一时刻允许攻击的边数,将基于边的攻击分为两种情况。对于每一种情况,都给出了保证系统不受边缘攻击的一致性的充分条件。然后,通过考虑一种特殊类型的基于边缘的星型拓扑nss攻击,得到了一种保守性较小的一致性准则。最后给出了两个数值算例,验证了所得结果的正确性。
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引用次数: 0
A reverse chain search algorithm for the resource constraint in deep space detectors 深空探测器资源约束的逆链搜索算法
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-11-04 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231203043
Yu-Heng Qi, Yuan Liu, De-Feng Gu, Ju-Bo Zhu
Deep space exploration activities can effectively promote the development and application of space technology, which holds significant scientific and strategic value. Detectors operating in deep space are of long mission periods and substantial distance from Earth, posing challenges in timely resource replenishment. Moreover, scheduled missions may face external uncertainties, hindering their smooth execution. Therefore, resource constraint processing strategies that possess dynamic adjustment capabilities play a crucial role in ensuring the successful execution of deep space detectors. Existing methods mainly focus on studying fixed mission sequences, and the efficiency of planning methods is not high. Specifically, the single uncertainty is only considered, and there is a lack of detection and processing mechanisms, rendering the requirements of deep space detectors inadequate. In this paper, we propose a reverse chain search algorithm, aiming to efficiently plan missions subject to resource constraints and let the mission sequence to possess a certain degree of dynamic repair capability. The results have demonstrated that the resource allocated to each mission is within the resource value range. Compared with the classic algorithm, the proposed algorithm has fewer iterations and whose maximum flow value is accurate. Meanwhile, the potential resource constraints problem during execution can be alerted with the detection and warning system. The missions that were warned are repaired by a dynamic resource repair system, and the proposed algorithm is of higher efficiency and a certain ability to resist external uncertainties. Overall, this paper lays a solid foundation for the processing of resource constraints for deep space detectors.
深空探测活动可以有效地促进空间技术的发展和应用,具有重要的科学和战略价值。在深空运行的探测器任务周期长,距离地球距离远,对及时补充资源提出了挑战。此外,预定的任务可能面临外部不确定因素,妨碍其顺利执行。因此,具有动态调节能力的资源约束处理策略对于确保深空探测器的成功执行至关重要。现有的规划方法主要是研究固定的任务序列,规划方法的效率不高。具体来说,只考虑了单一的不确定性,缺乏检测和处理机制,使得深空探测器的要求不足。本文提出了一种逆链搜索算法,旨在有效地规划受资源约束的任务,使任务序列具有一定的动态修复能力。结果表明,分配给各任务的资源在资源值范围内。与经典算法相比,该算法迭代次数少,最大流量准确。同时,在执行过程中可能出现的资源约束问题可以通过检测和预警系统进行预警。采用动态资源修复系统对预警任务进行修复,该算法具有较高的效率和一定的抗外部不确定性能力。总体而言,本文为深空探测器资源约束的处理奠定了坚实的基础。
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引用次数: 0
Disturbance-observer-based discrete-time sliding mode predictive control for overhead cranes with matched and unmatched disturbances 基于扰动观测器的桥式起重机匹配与不匹配扰动离散滑模预测控制
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231200685
Rong Shi, Huimin Ouyang
In actual working environments, underactuated overhead cranes are susceptible to the adverse effects of the mechanical friction, uncertain parameters, and other disturbances. In particular, if the payload is disturbed (i.e. the unmatched disturbance), unpredictable swings would occur. Therefore, a discrete time sliding mode predictive control for overhead cranes based on a disturbance observer is proposed. Specifically, to eliminate uncertain disturbances, we propose a disturbance observer to estimate and compensate the disturbance to the input channel. Then, a new discrete sliding mode control law is obtained by adding the disturbance error estimator to the discrete sliding mode surface. In order to reduce the chattering inherent in the sliding mode, we integrate the discrete sliding mode law into the model predictive control, and use the rolling optimization and feedback correction of the predictive control, and finally output the optimal control law to act on the system. This control method can not only further improve the control accuracy, but also has sufficient robustness. Simulation and robustness experiments under various conditions verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
在实际工作环境中,欠驱动桥式起重机容易受到机械摩擦、不确定参数等扰动的不利影响。特别是,如果有效载荷受到干扰(即不匹配的干扰),将发生不可预测的摆动。为此,提出了一种基于扰动观测器的桥式起重机离散时间滑模预测控制方法。具体来说,为了消除不确定的干扰,我们提出了一个干扰观测器来估计和补偿输入信道的干扰。然后,通过在离散滑模曲面上加入干扰误差估计量,得到了新的离散滑模控制律。为了减少滑模固有的抖振,我们将离散滑模律集成到模型预测控制中,并对预测控制进行滚动优化和反馈修正,最后输出最优控制律作用于系统。该控制方法不仅能进一步提高控制精度,而且具有足够的鲁棒性。仿真和各种条件下的鲁棒性实验验证了所提控制器的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Sequence prediction with different dimensions based on two novel deep echo state network models 基于两种新型深度回波状态网络模型的不同维数序列预测
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231201727
Jingyu Sun, Lixiang Li, Haipeng Peng, Guanhua Chen, Shengyu Liu
The echo state network (ESN) is a typical reservoir computation model, which was first proposed by Jaeger et al. It was widely used in various fields and achieved excellent results for a long time, especially in time series prediction. In recent years, there are few improvements to the ESN structure, and the more famous is the deep echo state network (DESN) model. However, a DESN will cause the loss of input data. How to effectively optimize the structure of ESN and how to scientifically add input data to deep echo are urgent problems to be solved. In this paper, we propose multi-reservoir ESN models based on how the input data participate in the system. Then, we use complex nonlinear chaotic systems with different dimensions to test our model. Finally, we compare it with the traditional model and the recently proposed model, and then find that our models have better predictive performance.
回声状态网络(ESN)是一种典型的油藏计算模型,最早由Jaeger等人提出。它被广泛应用于各个领域,长期以来取得了优异的效果,特别是在时间序列预测方面。近年来,对回声状态网络结构的改进很少,其中比较著名的是深度回声状态网络(DESN)模型。但是,DESN会导致输入数据的丢失。如何有效地优化回声状态网络的结构,如何科学地将输入数据添加到深回声中,是亟待解决的问题。本文基于输入数据参与系统的方式,提出了多水库回声状态网络模型。然后,我们用不同维数的复杂非线性混沌系统来测试我们的模型。最后,我们将其与传统模型和最近提出的模型进行了比较,发现我们的模型具有更好的预测性能。
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引用次数: 0
Fixed-time fuzzy adaptive control scheme for doubly fed induction generator–based wind turbine 双馈感应发电机风力发电机组固定时间模糊自适应控制方案
4区 计算机科学 Q3 AUTOMATION & CONTROL SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/01423312231197443
Naamane Bounar, Abdesselem Boulkroune, Sami Labdai, Larbi Chrifi-Alaoui
This work focuses on the issue of designing a fixed-time fuzzy adaptive controller for variable-speed doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbine. The main goal is to optimize the wind turbine power production, while improving the performance of the overall control system such as, convergence speed, tracking accuracy, and robustness. For the control design, the backstepping technique is adopted, and fuzzy adaptive systems are employed as universal approximators to estimate continuous functional uncertainties. Using fixed–time stability concept, a detailed mathematical stability proof of the closed-loop control system is performed. Simulation results are presented to testify the efficiency of the designed control approach.
本文主要研究双馈变速风力发电机组的定时模糊自适应控制器的设计问题。主要目标是优化风力发电机组的发电量,同时提高整体控制系统的性能,如收敛速度、跟踪精度和鲁棒性。在控制设计中,采用反推技术,采用模糊自适应系统作为通用逼近器估计连续函数的不确定性。利用定时稳定性的概念,对闭环控制系统的稳定性进行了详细的数学证明。仿真结果验证了所设计控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
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Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control
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