M. A. S. Díaz, Ángel Berihuete Macías, Carmen Dolores Ramos González, H. M. R. Romero
The Lorenz curve is the most widely used graphical tool for describing and comparing inequality of income distributions. In this paper, we show that the elasticity of this curve is an indicator of the effect, in terms of inequality, of a truncation of the income distribution. As an application, we consider tax returns as equivalent to the truncation from below of a hypothetical income distribution. Then, we replace this hypothetical distribution by the income distribution obtained from a general household survey and use the dual Lorenz curve to anticipate this effect.
{"title":"On a property of Lorenz curves with monotone elasticity and its application to the study of inequality by using tax data","authors":"M. A. S. Díaz, Ángel Berihuete Macías, Carmen Dolores Ramos González, H. M. R. Romero","doi":"10.2436/20.8080.02.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2436/20.8080.02.50","url":null,"abstract":"The Lorenz curve is the most widely used graphical tool for describing and comparing inequality of income distributions. In this paper, we show that the elasticity of this curve is an indicator of the effect, in terms of inequality, of a truncation of the income distribution. As an application, we consider tax returns as equivalent to the truncation from below of a hypothetical income distribution. Then, we replace this hypothetical distribution by the income distribution obtained from a general household survey and use the dual Lorenz curve to anticipate this effect.","PeriodicalId":49497,"journal":{"name":"Sort-Statistics and Operations Research Transactions","volume":"47 1","pages":"0055-72"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85618726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metaheuristics are approximation methods used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Their performance usually depends on a set of parameters that need to be adjusted. The selectionof appropriate parameter values causes a loss of efficiency, as it requires time, and advanced analytical and problem-specific skills. This paper provides an overview of the principal approaches to tackle the Parameter Setting Problem, focusing on the statistical procedures employed so far by the scientific community. In addition, a novel methodology is proposed, which is tested using an already existing algorithm for solving the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem.
{"title":"A statistical learning based approach for parameter fine-tuning of metaheuristics","authors":"Laura Calvet, A. Juan, C. Serrat, Jana Ries","doi":"10.2436/20.8080.02.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2436/20.8080.02.41","url":null,"abstract":"Metaheuristics are approximation methods used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Their performance usually depends on a set of parameters that need to be adjusted. The selectionof appropriate parameter values causes a loss of efficiency, as it requires time, and advanced analytical and problem-specific skills. This paper provides an overview of the principal approaches to tackle the Parameter Setting Problem, focusing on the statistical procedures employed so far by the scientific community. In addition, a novel methodology is proposed, which is tested using an already existing algorithm for solving the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem.","PeriodicalId":49497,"journal":{"name":"Sort-Statistics and Operations Research Transactions","volume":"82 1","pages":"201-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79194704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As part of national accounts, input-output tables are becoming crucial statistical tools to study theeconomic, social and environmental impacts of globalization and international trade. In particular,global input-output tables extend the national dimension to the international dimension by relatingindividual countries’ input-output tables among each other, thus providing an opportunity to bal-ance the global economy as a whole. Concerning emissions of greenhouse gases, the relativeposition that countries hold among their main trade partners at the global level is a key issue interms of international climate negotiations.With this purpose, we show that (official) Multi-countryinput-output tables are crucial to analyse the greenhouse gas emission trade balance of individualcountries. Spain has a negative trade emissions balance for all three gases analysed, being themost negative balances those associated to the bilateral trade with China, Russia, United Statesand the rest of the European Union as a whole.
{"title":"The relevance of multi-country input-output tables in measuring emissions trade balance of countries :","authors":"Teresa Sanz, R. Yñiguez, J. Rueda‐Cantuche","doi":"10.2436/20.8080.02.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2436/20.8080.02.33","url":null,"abstract":"As part of national accounts, input-output tables are becoming crucial statistical tools to study theeconomic, social and environmental impacts of globalization and international trade. In particular,global input-output tables extend the national dimension to the international dimension by relatingindividual countries’ input-output tables among each other, thus providing an opportunity to bal-ance the global economy as a whole. Concerning emissions of greenhouse gases, the relativeposition that countries hold among their main trade partners at the global level is a key issue interms of international climate negotiations.With this purpose, we show that (official) Multi-countryinput-output tables are crucial to analyse the greenhouse gas emission trade balance of individualcountries. Spain has a negative trade emissions balance for all three gases analysed, being themost negative balances those associated to the bilateral trade with China, Russia, United Statesand the rest of the European Union as a whole.","PeriodicalId":49497,"journal":{"name":"Sort-Statistics and Operations Research Transactions","volume":"1 1","pages":"0003-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2016-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89494785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent years have seen an increase in the development of robust approaches for stochastic project management methodologies such as PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique). These robust approaches allow for elevated likelihoods of outlying events, thereby widening interval estimates of project completion times. However, little attention has been paid to the fact that outlying events and/or expert judgments may be asymmetric. We propose the tilted beta distribution which permits both elevated likelihoods of outlying events as well as an asymmetric representation of these events. We examine the use of the tilted beta distribution in PERT with respect to other project management distributions.
{"title":"Robust project management with the tilted beta distribution","authors":"Eugene D. Hahn, María del Mar López Martín","doi":"10.13016/M25T3G16R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13016/M25T3G16R","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have seen an increase in the development of robust approaches for stochastic project management methodologies such as PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique). These robust approaches allow for elevated likelihoods of outlying events, thereby widening interval estimates of project completion times. However, little attention has been paid to the fact that outlying events and/or expert judgments may be asymmetric. We propose the tilted beta distribution which permits both elevated likelihoods of outlying events as well as an asymmetric representation of these events. We examine the use of the tilted beta distribution in PERT with respect to other project management distributions.","PeriodicalId":49497,"journal":{"name":"Sort-Statistics and Operations Research Transactions","volume":"126 1","pages":"253-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77725507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new discrete two-parameter distribution is introduced by discretizing a generalized half-normal distribution. The model is useful for fitting overdispersed as well as underdispersed data. The failure function can be decreasing, bathtub shaped or increasing. A reparameterization of the distribution is introduced for use in a regression model based on the median. The behaviour of the maximum likelihood estimates is studied numerically, showing good performance in finite samples. Three real data set applications reveal that the new model can provide a better explanation than some other competitors.
{"title":"Discrete generalized half-normal distribution and its applications in quantile regression","authors":"D. Gallardo, E. Gómez–Déniz, H. W. Gómez","doi":"10.2436/20.8080.02.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2436/20.8080.02.102","url":null,"abstract":"A new discrete two-parameter distribution is introduced by discretizing a generalized half-normal distribution. The model is useful for fitting overdispersed as well as underdispersed data. The failure function can be decreasing, bathtub shaped or increasing. A reparameterization of the distribution is introduced for use in a regression model based on the median. The behaviour of the maximum likelihood estimates is studied numerically, showing good performance in finite samples. Three real data set applications reveal that the new model can provide a better explanation than some other competitors.","PeriodicalId":49497,"journal":{"name":"Sort-Statistics and Operations Research Transactions","volume":"76 1","pages":"0265-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77523136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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