Russian Journal of Ecology最新文献

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Influence of Forest Growth Conditions on the CO2 Emissions from the Soil Surface in the Middle Taiga Pine Forests of the Komi Republic, Russia 森林生长条件对俄罗斯科米共和国中泰加松林土壤表面二氧化碳排放量的影响

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2024-02-08 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623070111

A. F. Osipov

Abstract

Due to large variability in CO₂ emission estimates in different types of forest ecosystems, obtaining experimental data on the respiration of their soils remains relevant. The study aims to characterize CO₂ emission from the soil surface of mature and maturing middle taiga pine forests, taking into account forest conditions. The objects of the study were sphagnum, blueberry, and lingonberry-lichen pine forests located on the territory of the forest field stations of the Institute of Biology, Komi Scientific Center, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences (Komi Republic, Russia). In 2008–2017, CO₂ emissions were measured by a gas analyzer LI-COR 8100. A brief description of weather conditions for the study period is given. During the snow-free period, relatively high values of CO₂ flux from the soil of pine forests were detected in July (sphagnum pine forests: 1.9–2.9 g C m^–2 day^–1) and August (blueberry and lingonberry-lichen pine forests: 2.5–6.6 g C m^–2 day^–1). The interannual variability of average monthly CO₂ emission and the influence of weather conditions were determined. A close positive relationship between the rate of carbon dioxide emission and soil temperature was revealed (R² = 0.49–0.77). The correlation of CO₂ emission with soil moisture was weak. During the summer months, 188–442 g C m^–2 was released into the atmosphere from the soil of the blueberry pine forest; during the growing season (May 1–September 30), 279–563 g C m^–2; during the snow-free period (May 1–October 31), 308–583 g C m^–2, which is 1.5–1.8 times higher than in sphagnum and lingonberry-lichen pine forests during the snow-free (p = 0.014) and growing season (p = 0.020) periods. No significant influence of forest conditions on C–CO₂ losses in the summer months was found (p = 0.106). Lichen and sphagnum pine forests were comparable in terms of the C–CO₂ flux from the soil surface both during the growing season and the snow-free period (p > 0.05). The data presented are important in determining the expenditure part of the carbon balance in forest ecosystems in the European northeast of Russia.

摘要由于不同类型森林生态系统的二氧化碳排放量估计值存在很大差异，因此获取其土壤呼吸作用的实验数据仍然具有现实意义。本研究旨在结合森林条件，描述成熟的中泰加松林土壤表面的二氧化碳排放特征。研究对象是位于俄罗斯科学院乌拉尔分院科米科学中心生物研究所（Komi Scientific Center）森林野外站（俄罗斯科米共和国）境内的石炭藓林、蓝莓林和越橘松林。2008 年至 2017 年期间，二氧化碳排放量由气体分析仪 LI-COR 8100 进行测量。本文简要介绍了研究期间的天气状况。在无雪期，松林土壤中二氧化碳通量的相对高值出现在七月（泥炭松林：1.9-2.9 克 C m-2 天-1）和八月（蓝莓和越橘-利辛松林：2.5-6.6 克 C m-2 天-1）。测定了月平均二氧化碳排放量的年际变化和天气条件的影响。结果表明，二氧化碳排放率与土壤温度之间存在密切的正相关关系（R2 = 0.49-0.77）。二氧化碳排放量与土壤湿度的相关性较弱。在夏季，蓝莓松林土壤向大气排放的二氧化碳为 188-442 g C m-2；在生长季节（5 月 1 日至 9 月 30 日），为 279-563 g C m-2；在无雪期（5 月 1 日至 10 月 31 日），为 308-583 g C m-2，是无雪期（p = 0.014）和生长季节（p = 0.020）石炭系和越橘-李子松林的 1.5-1.8 倍。森林条件对夏季的 C-CO2 损失没有明显影响 (p = 0.106)。地衣林和泥炭松林在生长季节和无雪期土壤表面的 C-CO2 通量方面具有可比性（p > 0.05）。所提供的数据对于确定俄罗斯东北部欧洲森林生态系统碳平衡的消耗部分非常重要。

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引用次数: 0

Zinc’s Role in Mitigating Copper Toxicity for Plants and Microorganisms in Industrially Contaminated Soils: A Review 锌在减轻工业污染土壤中植物和微生物对铜的毒性方面的作用：综述

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623060048

Abstract

This review focuses on the issue of metal antagonism in soils contaminated by multiple metals as a result of industrial emissions. Building upon previous findings in aquatic ecosystems, the potential of zinc to mitigate copper toxicity in more complex soil systems is explored. A range of studies investigating the role of zinc in reducing copper toxicity to plants and microorganisms in soils contaminated by copper mining in central Chile are examined. The mechanisms underlying metal interactions in soils, including the terrestrial biotic ligand model and the intensity/capacity/quantity concept, are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, the review underscores the pressing need for future studies to enhance our understanding and develop effective strategies for mitigating copper toxicity in industrially contaminated soils.

摘要本综述重点探讨工业排放导致多种金属污染的土壤中的金属拮抗问题。在以往水生生态系统研究结果的基础上，探讨了锌在更复杂的土壤系统中减轻铜毒性的潜力。在智利中部受铜矿污染的土壤中，对锌在减轻铜对植物和微生物的毒性方面的作用进行了一系列研究。深入讨论了土壤中金属相互作用的基本机制，包括陆地生物配体模型和强度/能力/数量概念。此外，该综述还强调了今后开展研究的迫切需要，以加深我们对减轻工业污染土壤中铜毒性的理解，并制定有效的战略。

引用次数: 0

Relationships between Phenolic Compounds, Tannins, Lignin, Nitrogen, and Carbon in the Plants of Dwarf Shrub-Green Moss Spruce Forests of the Kola Peninsula, Russia 俄罗斯科拉半岛矮灌木-绿苔云杉林植物中的酚类化合物、单宁酸、木质素、氮和碳之间的关系

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623070020

Abstract

The study presents an analysis of aging (falling) organs (leaves/needle-foliage) of Siberian spruce (Picea abies ssp. obovata (Ledeb.) Domin), downy birch (Betula pubescens Ehrh), lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), mountain crowberry (Empetrum hermaphroditum Hager.), European blueberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), Schreber’s big red stem moss (Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.), Polytrichum spp., dwarf cornel (Chamaepericlymenum suecicum (L.) Aschers. & Graebn. (Cornus suecica L.)), and wavy hair-grass (Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.). We found a significant variation in the chemical composition (the content of lignin, phenolic compounds, tannins, nitrogen, and carbon, as well as the stoichiometric ratios “C/N,” “lignin/N,” “lignin/cellulose”) in different plant species of northern taiga forests. The supply of secondary metabolites with litter depended on the species composition of plant communities and the contribution of different plant species to the composition of the vegetation cover. The content of soluble tannins increased (p < 0.05) in spruce needle-foliage in an automorphic position in the landscape for Siberian spruce growing in different positions of the landscape of dwarf shrub-green moss spruce forests (automorphic, transit and accumulative landscapes), so intra-specific differences were found. Relationships between secondary metabolites, nitrogen and carbon have been studied in the aging photosynthetic organs of dominant various plant species in northern taiga spruce shrub-green moss forests.

摘要本研究分析了西伯利亚云杉（Picea abies ssp. obovata (Ledeb.) Domin）、绒毛桦（Betula pubescens Ehrh）、越橘（Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.）、山红莓（Empetrum hermaphroditum Hager.）、欧洲蓝莓（Vaccinium myrtillus L.）、施雷伯大红茎苔（Pleurozium）的衰老（脱落）器官（叶片/针叶）。）、山红莓（Empetrum hermaphroditum Hager.）、欧洲蓝莓（Vaccinium myrtillus L.）、Schreber's big red stem moss（Pleurozium schreberi (Brid.) Mitt.）、Polytrichum spp、矮山茱萸（Chamaepericlymenum suecicum (L.) Aschers.(Cornus suecica L.）和波浪毛草（Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trin.）。我们发现北部泰加森林不同植物物种的化学成分（木质素、酚类化合物、单宁、氮和碳的含量，以及化学计量比 "C/N"、"木质素/N"、"木质素/纤维素"）有很大差异。垃圾中次生代谢物的供应取决于植物群落的物种组成以及不同植物物种对植被组成的贡献。对于生长在矮灌木-绿苔云杉林不同景观位置（自动景观、过境景观和累积景观）的西伯利亚云杉来说，景观中处于自动景观位置的云杉针叶中可溶性单宁含量增加（p < 0.05），因此发现了特异性内部差异。研究了北泰加云杉灌木绿苔林中各种优势植物老化光合器官中次生代谢物、氮和碳之间的关系。

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引用次数: 0

The Effect of Grey Heron Colonies on the Radial Growth of Trees in Pine Plantations 灰鹭群落对松树种植园树木径向生长的影响

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623070056

Abstract

Data on the influence that grey heron (Ardea cinerea L., 1758) colonies have on the dynamics of tree ring parameters in pine plantations are presented. It is shown that the beginning of the stands colonisation by the grey heron can be quite accurately determined by analysing the dynamics of the annual tree rings parameters, especially the width of their late layer and the optical density of wood (the values of the former are lower in the control stand, and of the latter one are higher there). Grey heron colonies begin to appear in pine forests as early as 10–12 years old, when the height of the trees reaches 5–6 m, and the diameter of the trunk at a height of 1.3 m from the soil surface is only 7–8 cm. In the first 15–20 years, they have a positive influence on the annual growth of trees, especially on the width of the late layer of wood and the thickness of the cell walls, but then the picture changes to the opposite. The total residence time of heron colonies in one place is about 35–40 years, after which they move to new places due to the forest stands coming into disarray or even facing complete destruction. To reduce the likelihood of the appearance of grey heron colonies, which in many cases have a negative impact on the state of forest biogeocoenoses, it is necessary to stop creating pure pine forests near water bodies, giving preference to spruce, birch, poplar, or linden-oak plantations.

摘要介绍了灰鹭（Ardea cinerea L., 1758）群落对松树林树木年轮参数动态影响的数据。结果表明，通过分析树木年轮参数的动态，特别是其晚层宽度和木材光密度（前者的值在对照林分中较低，后者的值在对照林分中较高），可以非常准确地确定灰鹭开始在林分中定居的时间。灰鹭群落最早在 10-12 树龄时就开始出现在松树林中，此时树木高度达到 5-6 米，而距离土壤表面 1.3 米高处的树干直径仅为 7-8 厘米。在最初的 15-20 年里，它们对树木的年生长量有积极影响，特别是对木材晚层的宽度和细胞壁的厚度有积极影响，但随后情况就会发生相反的变化。鹭鸟群落在一个地方的总停留时间约为 35-40 年，之后，由于林分变得混乱甚至面临完全破坏，它们会迁移到新的地方。为了减少灰鹭群落出现的可能性（灰鹭群落在很多情况下会对森林生物地理群落的状态产生负面影响），有必要停止在水体附近营造纯松林，优先选择云杉、桦树、杨树或椴树-栎树种植园。

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引用次数: 0

Species and Coenotic Diversity of the Floodplain Forest Communities in Northeast Russia 俄罗斯东北部洪泛平原森林群落的物种和同源多样性

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s106741362307010x

Abstract

The species diversity of the floodplain forest communities in the North-East of the Russian Federation was studied on the basis of 177 geobotanical releves conducted in the north of the Koryak Okrug, the North-East of Magadan Oblast, and the southern Chukotka. This work aims at analysing the species and community diversity of the floodplain forests depending on the habitat conditions and their position in the successional series. Geobotanical characteristics of communities in chosenia (Chosenia arbutifolia), Mongolian poplar (Populus suaveolens), willow (Salix udensis, narrow-leaf willow S. schwerinii), and alder (Alnus hirsuta) forests were displayed by dominant-determinant classification. The community diversity of the floodplain forests is represented by 19 associations, grouped into 5 series. The floristic composition and structure of the floodplain forests' communities were characterized, the Shannon and Pielou indices, species richness, species percentage coverage, and layer density were estimated. Compared to the forests of the Kamchatka Peninsula, the floodplain forests of North-East Russia were characterized by low syntaxonomic diversity and represented by floristically poor communities. The structure and dynamics of the floodplain forests' communities are discussed. The indicators of species diversity and evenness were calculated for each of the studied communities. The lowest Shannon index appeared to the pioneer chosenia communities with sparse herb cover, found on recent pebble sediments; the highest index was found for herb-moss poplar forests that occupied the highest elevations of the floodplain. The rest of the associations had intermediate values of the Shannon index. The species diversity tended to increase over the sequence of alluvial succession. The obtained data suggested that the species diversity of communities might increase during succession and depend on habitat floodplain regime and alluvial index decrease.

摘要根据在科里亚克州北部、马加丹州东北部和楚科奇州南部进行的 177 次地理植物学调查，对俄罗斯联邦东北部洪泛平原森林群落的物种多样性进行了研究。这项工作旨在分析洪泛平原森林的物种和群落多样性，这取决于栖息地条件及其在演替系列中的位置。通过显性-显性分类法显示了榛子（Chosenia arbutifolia）、蒙古杨（Populus suaveolens）、柳树（Salix udensis、窄叶柳 S. schwerinii）和桤木（Alnus hirsuta）森林群落的地理植物学特征。洪泛平原森林的群落多样性由 19 个群落组成，分为 5 个系列。研究人员对洪泛平原森林群落的植物组成和结构进行了描述，并估算了香农指数和皮鲁指数、物种丰富度、物种覆盖率和层密度。与堪察加半岛的森林相比，俄罗斯东北部洪泛平原森林的特点是合成分类学多样性较低，群落的植物性较差。本文讨论了洪泛平原森林群落的结构和动态。计算了每个研究群落的物种多样性和均匀度指标。在新近的卵石沉积物上发现的草本植物覆盖稀少的先锋蔷薇群落的香农指数最低；占据洪泛区最高海拔的草本苔藓杨树林的香农指数最高。其余群落的香农指数处于中等水平。在冲积演替过程中，物种多样性呈上升趋势。所获得的数据表明，群落的物种多样性可能会在演替过程中增加，并取决于栖息地的洪泛区系统和冲积指数的下降。

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引用次数: 0

Heavy Metals in Birch Leaves during Reduction of Emissions from a Large Copper Smelter 大型铜冶炼厂减排过程中桦树叶中的重金属含量

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623060115

Abstract—

The concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in the leaves of Betula pubescens were analyzed at ten sites along the pollution gradient near the Middle Ural copper smelter. The studies were carried out during the period of moderate emissions (2009) and after their reduction to a minimum (2019). Leaf samples were collected in early and late summer. Cu and Cd showed a strong negative correlation with the distance to the smelter. The interannual differences are most pronounced for Pb, the concentration of which significantly decreased in 2019 at the sites closest to the smelter compared to 2009. In both years, the concentrations of metals in the leaves increased towards the end of the growing season.

摘要- 在乌拉尔中部铜冶炼厂附近沿污染梯度的十个地点分析了桦树叶片中重金属铜、锌、镉和铅的浓度。研究是在中度排放期（2009 年）和排放量降至最低后（2019 年）进行的。叶片样本在夏初和夏末采集。铜和镉与冶炼厂的距离呈强烈的负相关。铅的年际差异最为明显，与 2009 年相比，2019 年最靠近冶炼厂的地点的铅浓度显著下降。在这两年中，叶片中的金属浓度在生长季节末期都有所增加。

引用次数: 0

Erratum to: Genetic Diversity and History of Pedunculate Oak Quercus robur L. in the East of the Range 东部有梗栎树的遗传多样性和历史勘误

IF 1.1 4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-11-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623550015

S. A. Semerikova, A. N. Tashev, V. L. Semerikov

An Erratum to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413623550015

本文的勘误表已发表:https://doi.org/10.1134/S1067413623550015

引用次数: 0

Response of Alpine Meadow Plant Diversity and Biomass to Nitrogen Addition and Growth Stage 高寒草甸植物多样性和生物量对氮素添加和生长阶段的响应

4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623050144

None Xuemei Xiang, Kejia De, Weishan Lin, Xijie Wei, Wei Wang

引用次数: 0

Floodplain as a Corridor for the Dispersal of Small Mammals in Agricultural Landscape 洪泛区作为农业景观中小型哺乳动物扩散的通道

4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623050120

O. V. Tolkachev, S. V. Mukhacheva

引用次数: 0

Trophic Selectivity of the Barnacle Goose (Branta Leucopsis) and Greater White-Fronted Goose (Anser Albifrons) in Their Reproductive Concentration Area 藤壶鹅(Branta Leucopsis)和大白额鹅(Anser Albifrons)在繁殖集中区的营养选择性

4区环境科学与生态学 Q4 ECOLOGY

Russian Journal of Ecology

Pub Date : 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.1134/s1067413623050090

I. S. Sheremetyev, S. B. Rozenfeld, I. A. Lavrinenko

引用次数: 0

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