Proceedings of the Geologists Association最新文献

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IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101139

Malcolm B. Hart

引用次数: 0

The geometry of the Lower Greensand sand body near Nuneham Courtney, Oxfordshire, England 英国牛津郡Nuneham Courtney附近的Lower Greensand砂体的几何形状

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101150

Nigel Banks

The Lower Greensand Group sand outcropping near Nuneham Courtney, Oxfordshire is one of several lenticular marine sandstone deposits that formed in the Early Cretaceous along the northern margin of the Weald and Wessex Basins. In the study area the interval between the top of the Upper Jurassic Corallian Group and the base of the Cretaceous Gault Formation comprises Upper Jurassic and Lower Greensand sediments varying in combined thickness from 30 m to 55 m across the six kilometre Lower Greensand outcrop. The Top Corallian surface forms a gently dipping, un-faulted, planar base to the Upper Jurassic interval, which is overlain by the Lower Greensand Group with erosive unconformity. The Upper Jurassic varies in thickness from 25 to 55 m. The Lower Greensand is 0–20 m. The name Nuneham Sand Formation is proposed for this isolated Lower Greensand sand body. It has been little studied, but subsurface mapping, together with historical outcrop descriptions, provides new insights into its geometry. Across the outcrop the maximum Upper Jurassic and Lower Greensand thicknesses are found in the east. In the west, the Upper Jurassic sediments are more eroded, but the Lower Greensand is thin or absent. Given poor biostratigraphical control, multiple erosional and depositional models could explain this geometry. However, the most likely scenario is that a limited supply of coarse Lower Greensand sediments did not fully fill the marked topographical relief that had been created, at least in part, by strong tidal currents: this relict topography was passively onlapped by marine Gault clays.

牛津郡Nuneham Courtney附近的Lower greenand Group砂岩露头是早白垩世沿Weald和Wessex盆地北缘形成的几个透镜状海相砂岩矿床之一。在研究区，上侏罗统Corallian群顶部与白垩纪Gault组底部之间的区间包括上侏罗统和下格林斯统沉积物，其总厚度从30 m到55 m不等，横跨6公里的下格林斯统露头。上Corallian面为上侏罗统段形成一个缓倾斜、无断层的平面基底，上侏罗统段上覆有下greenand组侵蚀不整合。上侏罗统厚度从25 ~ 55 m不等。下格陵兰岛是0-20 米。Nuneham砂组的名称是为这个孤立的下格林沙砂体提出的。对它的研究很少，但地下测绘，加上历史上的露头描述，为其几何形状提供了新的见解。在整个露头上，上侏罗统和下格林斯统的厚度在东部最大。在西部，上侏罗统的沉积物被侵蚀较多，但下格林沙则很薄或不存在。由于生物地层控制不佳，多种侵蚀和沉积模式可以解释这种几何形状。然而，最可能的情况是，供应有限的粗糙的下格林斯兰沉积物并没有完全填满明显的地形起伏，至少在一定程度上是由强烈的潮汐流造成的：这些残余的地形被动地被海相高尔特粘土覆盖。

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引用次数: 0

Tectono-sedimentary evolution of the Senhaja Basin (Western Meseta, Morocco) and its implication for understanding the late Variscan tectonic processes 摩洛哥西梅塞塔Senhaja盆地构造-沉积演化及其对认识晚瓦里斯坎构造过程的意义

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101133

Amal Zouicha , Jamal El Kabouri , Roland Nádaskay , Tariq Zouheir , Hafid Saber , Ahmed El Attari , Khadra Zaid

During the final stage of the Variscan Orogeny, a series of intermontane basins developed along the present-day northwestern margin of Africa, predominantly within the Western (Moroccan) Meseta. Among them, the Senhaja Basin, located in the eastern Jebilet Massif, plays a key role in interpreting diachronous evolution of those basins. Whilst traditionally considered to have formed synchronously under similar geodynamic conditions, recent evidence suggests a more complex and diachronous development.

The depositional environment of the Senhaja Basin is dominated by a fluvial system, characterized by a diversity of facies ranging from the alluvial fans in its proximal part to lacustrine deposits in its distal part. The alluvial-fan gravels feature the coarsest material deposited within the Senhaja Basin.

Integration of sedimentological and structural data supports the interpretation of the Senhaja Basin as a pull-apart basin formed in response to NE–SW compression, accompanied by localized NW–SE extension. Comparative analysis with other Late Paleozoic basins in Morocco reveals the existence of two distinct generations of basins that evolved diachronously under varying tectonic regimes–ranging from compressional to extensional settings–whilst exhibiting similarities in sedimentary infill. These findings contribute to the broader discussion on the geodynamic evolution of late orogenic basins in the Moroccan Meseta and their implications for Late-Variscan tectonic reorganization.

在瓦里斯坎造山运动的最后阶段，一系列山间盆地沿着今天非洲的西北边缘发育，主要在西部（摩洛哥）梅塞塔地区。其中，位于Jebilet地块东部的Senhaja盆地在解释这些盆地的历时演化中起着关键作用。虽然传统上被认为是在类似的地球动力学条件下同步形成的，但最近的证据表明，这是一种更复杂和历时性的发展。森哈嘉盆地沉积环境以河流体系为主，其沉积相类型多样，近端为冲积扇，远端为湖相沉积。冲积扇砾石是森哈加盆地内沉积最粗糙的物质。沉积学和构造资料的综合分析支持了Senhaja盆地是一个响应NE-SW挤压形成的拉分盆地，伴随着局部的NW-SE伸展。与摩洛哥其他晚古生代盆地的对比分析表明，摩洛哥存在两代不同的盆地，它们在不同的构造制度下（从挤压到伸展）历时演化，同时在沉积充填方面表现出相似性。这些发现有助于对摩洛哥梅塞塔晚造山盆地的地球动力学演化及其对晚瓦里斯坎构造重组的启示进行更广泛的讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Dissolution as the origin of soft-sediment deformation structures in the Upper Cretaceous of the Noumerat area (Oued Mya Basin, Algerian Sahara) 阿尔及利亚撒哈拉Oued Mya盆地Noumerat地区上白垩统软沉积变形构造的溶蚀成因

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101134

Mostapha Benzina , Abdelmalik Draoui , Małgorzata Pisarska-Jamroży , Hocine Guerradi , Hakim Hebib , Safa Maache

This study presents the first evidence of soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) within Upper Cretaceous lagoonal deposits of the Noumerat area, formed as a result of dissolution processes. Sulphates, particularly anhydrite, are well known for their susceptibility to karstification, with dissolution commonly reported as the origin of collapse breccia. However, this research introduces not only as the origin of breccia but also as a trigger for a variety of SSDS. These deformation features are primarily associated with the dissolution of anhydrite in Noumerat sedimentary succession, located on the Mzab Plateau in the Northern Algerian Sahara. As the anhydrite dissolved, the overlying claystones subsided into collapse troughs, accompanied by lateral sliding, forming distorted structures such as dome-like folds, water-escape structures, and slump structures. Furthermore, the presence of faults and cracks within the anhydrite layers significantly accelerated dissolution, promoting the formation of breccia fragments within the karst system. This underscores the chemical instability and rapid dissolution of anhydrite. The presence of secondary gypsum-bearing claystones, along with evidence of unconformity, and unconformities further supports this interpretation.

本研究首次提供了在努默拉特地区上白垩统泻湖沉积物中存在软沉积变形构造（SSDS）的证据，这些软沉积变形构造是由溶解作用形成的。硫酸盐，特别是硬石膏，因其易受岩溶作用而闻名，溶蚀通常被报道为塌陷角砾岩的成因。然而，本研究不仅介绍了角砾岩的成因，还介绍了角砾岩的多种成因。这些变形特征主要与位于阿尔及利亚撒哈拉北部Mzab高原的Noumerat沉积序列中硬石膏的溶解有关。随着硬石膏的溶解，上覆的粘土滑脱成塌陷槽，并伴有侧向滑动，形成圆顶褶皱、泄水构造、滑塌构造等变形构造。此外，硬石膏层内断层和裂缝的存在显著加速了溶蚀作用，促进了岩溶系统内角砾岩碎片的形成。这强调了硬石膏的化学不稳定性和快速溶解。次生含石膏粘土岩的存在，以及不整合面和不整合面的证据进一步支持了这一解释。

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引用次数: 0

Aspects of the deglaciation of the Lochaber Glacial Lakes area, western Scottish Highlands 苏格兰高地西部Lochaber冰川湖区冰川消融的各个方面

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101131

J. Douglas Peacock , James Rose

This paper examines the landforms and sediments in the area of the Lochaber Glacial Lakes in order to evaluate the process, pattern and timing of Late Devensian glaciation and ice wastage in that part of northwestern Scotland. Detailed evidence is provided for a number of critical areas including the Roy-Spey watershed region, the Allt Chonnal valley, the Glen Turret Fan and Moraine, the valley side fans of the upper and middle Roy valley and Glen Gloy. The work is based on field evidence and includes moraine ridges, fan landforms and sediments, along with the results of varve analyses from the Roy and Laggan valleys published elsewhere. The results suggest that, apart from some small corrie glaciers at the south side to the Roy-Spey watershed, much of the area was deglaciated following the Western Ross Readvance (c. 15.4–15.8 cal ka BP), prior to glaciers of the Loch Lomond Readvance (c. 12.9–11.7 cal ka BP) reaching the well-defined limits that held back the glacial lakes. The process of ice wastage within Glen Roy, from the Wester Ross Readvance, involved ice-marginal fluctuations, minor readvances and the formation of a pro-glacial lake related to the col at the Roy/Spey watershed. It is also proposed that many of the fans that occur along the sides of Glen Roy are of subaerial origin formed by paraglacial processes, rather than as subaquatic lake deltas.

本文对苏格兰西北部Lochaber冰湖地区的地貌和沉积物进行了研究，以评价该地区晚侏罗世冰川作用和冰损的过程、模式和时间。详细的证据提供了一些关键地区，包括罗伊-斯佩流域地区，Allt Chonnal山谷，格伦塔塔扇和冰碛，上和中罗伊山谷和格伦格罗伊山谷的谷侧扇。这项工作以实地证据为基础，包括冰碛垄、扇形地貌和沉积物，以及在其他地方发表的罗伊山谷和拉根山谷的varve分析结果。结果表明，除了Roy-Spey流域南侧的一些小的corrie冰川外，大部分地区在西罗斯里德万斯（c. 15.4-15.8 cal ka BP）之后，在洛蒙德里德万斯湖（c. 12.9-11.7 cal ka BP）的冰川达到阻碍冰湖的明确界限之前就已经消融了。格伦罗伊的冰消耗过程，来自西罗斯里德万斯，包括冰边缘波动，小幅度的前进和形成一个与罗伊/斯佩流域的冷有关的前冰川湖。也有人提出，格伦罗伊两侧的许多扇是由副冰川作用形成的陆上起源，而不是水下湖泊三角洲。

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引用次数: 0

First report of neosuchian remains in Aptian–Albian marine deposits of southeastern France 法国东南部Aptian-Albian海相沉积物中首次发现新苏世遗迹

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101132

Jeremy E. Martin , Romain Jattiot

The European fossil record of crocodylomorphs during the Cretaceous is indubitably skewed towards the lowermost and uppermost strata. Neosuchian remains from the Aptian–Albian interval are exceptionally rare in marine deposits globally. Yet, they potentially hold important information for understanding the phylogenetic interrelationships of several neosuchian lineages. Here, we assign a single squamosal to cf. Pholidosauridae and some postcranial elements to Neosuchia indet. from Aptian and Albian marine deposits in southeastern France. Although it is presently impossible to ascertain the continental versus marine origin of the specimens, their rare occurrence calls for future investigations of the diversity and interrelationships of neosuchians during the mid-Cretaceous.

欧洲白垩纪鳄鱼形动物的化石记录无疑偏向于最下层和最上层的地层。在全球海相沉积物中，来自阿普提亚-阿尔比安区间的新苏世遗迹极为罕见。然而，它们可能为理解几个新古猿谱系的系统发育相互关系提供了重要的信息。在这里，我们将一个单一的鳞片分配给cf. Pholidosauridae，并将一些颅后元素分配给Neosuchia indet。来自法国东南部的阿普tian和Albian海洋沉积物。虽然目前还不可能确定这些标本的大陆和海洋起源，但它们的罕见出现要求对白垩纪中期新龙目的多样性和相互关系进行进一步的研究。

引用次数: 0

A night at the opera: the prestigious fate of green fluorite from the Voltennes mine, la Petite-Verrière, France 歌剧之夜：来自法国小verri<e:1> Voltennes矿的绿色萤石的命运

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101130

Vincent Thiéry

2025 marks the 150th anniversary of the opening of the famous Opéra Garnier in Paris, France. This monument has been decorated with a wide range of various ornamental stones and marbles. One of them, namely green fluorite, or fluorspar, has been used in a unique way, as carved balusters and decorative plaques. This fluorite was exploited in the first French fluorite mine, Voltennes, opened in 1861 and located in the Morvan area. Within a system of seven veins, the main one (more than 2 km long) yielded massive green fluorite only, strong enough to be carved for decorative purposes. Abandoned since the early 1980's, the mining works strongly affected the landscape and offer an interesting, open-air example of vein mining techniques. Green fluorite in itself offers also a unique example of the durability of such ornamental stones.

2025年是法国巴黎著名的opsamra Garnier开业150周年。这座纪念碑用各种各样的观赏石和大理石装饰。其中一种，即绿萤石，或萤石，以一种独特的方式被用作雕刻栏杆和装饰板。这种萤石是在法国第一个萤石矿Voltennes中开采的，Voltennes于1861年开业，位于Morvan地区。在一个由七个矿脉组成的系统中，主要的矿脉（长度超过2 公里）只产生了大量的绿色萤石，足够坚固，可以用来雕刻装饰。自20世纪80年代初被遗弃以来，采矿工作强烈地影响了景观，并提供了一个有趣的露天矿脉开采技术的例子。绿色萤石本身也提供了这种观赏石耐久性的独特例子。

引用次数: 0

A new multituberculate (Mammalia, Allotheria) from the Lulworth Formation (Cretaceous, Berriasian) of Dorset, England 英国多塞特的Lulworth组（白垩纪，Berriasian）一种新的多结核动物（哺乳目，异源兽目）

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101128

Benjamin T. Weston , Steven C. Sweetman , Jake Kean , Charles Wood , David M. Martill , Roy E. Smith

A new genus and species of plagiaulacid multituberculate (Mammalia, Allotheria, Multituberculata) is described from the Cherty Freshwater Beds, Warbarrow Tout Member of the Lower Cretaceous Lulworth Formation of the Purbeck Group, Dorset, United Kingdom. The new taxon is represented by a complete, well preserved left dentary containing the incisor, p2–4, with alveoli for m1–2. This new specimen is the most complete multituberculate material yet recovered from the Purbeck Group. It is also the first mammal to be recovered from the so-called ‘Flint Bed’ (DB97).

在英国多塞特郡Purbeck群下白垩统Lulworth组Warbarrow Tout组Cherty淡水床中描述了一个新属和新种（哺乳动物目，Allotheria, Multituberculata）。这个新分类群的特征是一个完整的、保存完好的左牙，包括p2-4的门牙和m1-2的牙槽。这个新标本是迄今为止从Purbeck群中发现的最完整的多结节材料。它也是第一个从所谓的“弗林特床”（DB97）中恢复的哺乳动物。

引用次数: 0

A new modern Hydrolithon-like coralline red alga from the Upper Ordovician of Estonia 来自爱沙尼亚上奥陶统的一种新的现代类水螅状珊瑚红藻

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101127

Olev Vinn , Anna Madison , Mare Isakar , Magdy El Hedeny , Abdullah A. Alkahtane , Saleh Alfarraj

A new genus and species of encrusting fan-shaped calcareous coralline red algae have been described from the lower Katian of Estonia. The fossils occur on the shell of the brachiopod Porambonites as a crust consisting of radial rows that systematically bifurcate, forming secondary rows that further divide into two distinct structures. The exposed surface of the rows is nearly flat and uniformly perforated with single or double rows of large, circular pores. Antiquifosliella tinnae gen. et sp. nov. stands out among other Ordovician red algae due to its large pores, which may have had a dual function. These pores were most likely involved in both gas exchange and reproduction. A. tinnae gen. et sp. nov. most likely belongs to the stem group of Corallinaceae, though it may also represent an early lineage within the Hydrolithon group. In the latter case, Hydrolithon is a classical “living fossil” showing only a little morphological evolution since the Late Ordovician. The discovery of true Corallinaceae from the Upper Ordovician proves the early Paleozoic origin of the group that was previously considered to be late Mesozoic.

一个新的属和种的外壳扇形钙质珊瑚红藻已被描述从低爱沙尼亚卡蒂亚。这些化石出现在腕足类Porambonites的外壳上，作为一个地壳，由径向行组成，系统地分叉，形成次级行，进一步分为两个不同的结构。排的暴露表面几乎是平坦的，均匀地有单排或双排大的圆形孔。Antiquifosliella tinnae gen. et sp. 11 .在其他奥陶系红藻中脱颖而出，其孔隙较大，可能具有双重功能。这些孔隙极有可能参与了气体交换和再生。A. tinnae gen. et sp. 11 .最有可能属于珊瑚科的茎类，尽管它也可能代表了水螅类的早期谱系。在后一种情况下，水螅是一种经典的“活化石”，自晚奥陶世以来仅表现出少量的形态进化。上奥陶统真正珊瑚科的发现，证明了该类群起源于早古生代，而以前被认为是中生代晚期。

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引用次数: 0

First record of serpulid aggregations and possible serpulid reefs from the Aptian (Cretaceous) of Algeria 阿尔及利亚阿普提亚（白垩纪）首次记录蛇形聚集体和可能的蛇形礁

IF 1.3 4区地球科学 Q2 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Proceedings of the Geologists Association

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pgeola.2025.101126

Olev Vinn , Imad Bouchemla , Madani Benyoucef , Magdy El Hedeny , Mansour I. Almansour , Saleh Alfarraj

First serpulid aggregations have been described from the Cretaceous of Africa. The serpulid species Parsimonia cf. antiquata formed fan-shaped small aggregations up to 25 cm in diameter. The serpulids are not preserved in situ, and most of the material may have been derived from nearby larger serpulid reefs. The serpulid reefs presumably occurred in a lagoon or marginal marine environment. The Algerian serpulid accumulations resemble more serpulid limestones in their low faunal diversity than modern serpulid reefs with diverse associating fauna. The lagoons often have muddy or sandy bottoms where the serpulid aggregations could have been the only large hard substrates for larvae to settle. The restricted number of suitable substrates may have supported the growth of aggregations. Rich suspended food resources also likely enhanced the growth of serpulid reefs in the Aptian of Algeria.

最早的蛇形聚集体是在非洲白垩纪描述的。蛇形种Parsimonia cf. antiquata形成扇形小聚集体，直径可达25 cm。蛇形体并没有保存在原位，大部分材料可能来自附近较大的蛇形礁。蛇形礁可能出现在泻湖或边缘海洋环境中。阿尔及利亚的蛇形聚集体在动物群多样性方面比现代的蛇形礁更像蛇形石灰岩。泻湖通常有泥泞或沙质的底部，那里的蛇形聚集体可能是幼虫栖息的唯一大型硬基质。合适底物的有限数量可能支持了聚集物的生长。阿尔及利亚阿普提安丰富的悬浮食物资源也可能促进了蛇形珊瑚礁的生长。

引用次数: 0

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