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Phosphorus acquisition by plants: Challenges and promising strategies for sustainable agriculture in the 21st century 植物获取磷:二十一世纪可持续农业面临的挑战和有前途的战略
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.05.002
Tamara GÓMEZ-GALLEGO , Iván SÁNCHEZ-CASTRO , Lázaro MOLINA , Carmen TRASAR-CEPEDA , Carlos GARCÍA-IZQUIERDO , Juan L. RAMOS , Ana SEGURA
Whilst phosphorus (P) in soil is considered to be abundant, the portion available for plant uptake constitutes less than 1% of the overall P present. To enhance crop productivity, the utilization of mineral P fertilizers has become pervasive in agriculture. Nonetheless, the escalating prices of chemical fertilizers, coupled with new European regulations prohibiting the use of P fertilizers containing cadmium, have highlighted the urgency to identify environmentally friendly products and practices for P fertilization in agricultural soils. This comprehensive review delves into the current landscape of P fertilization from agricultural, political, and economic standpoints. We recognize the potential of microbes in mobilizing P, but emphasize the necessity for more robust research to establish their effectiveness in promoting plant P uptake under real-world conditions. Additionally, we explore the role of agricultural conservation practices, such as optimal tillage, diversified cropping systems, and increased organic carbon input, in conserving P. Furthermore, this review contemplates forthcoming innovations in research. These innovations encompass the development of enhanced formulations for biofertilizers and the undertaking of more comprehensive studies within the realm of conservation agriculture. All these endeavors collectively hold the potential to augment P accessibility to plants in a sustainable manner, thereby advancing agricultural sustainability and productivity.
虽然土壤中的磷(P)被认为是丰富的,但可供植物吸收的部分只占总磷的不到1%。为提高作物生产力,无机磷肥的利用已在农业中广泛应用。尽管如此,化肥价格的不断上涨,加上欧洲禁止使用含镉磷肥的新规定,突显了在农业土壤中寻找环境友好型产品和施肥方法的紧迫性。这篇综合综述从农业、政治和经济的角度深入研究了磷肥施肥的现状。我们认识到微生物在动员磷方面的潜力,但强调有必要进行更有力的研究,以确定它们在促进现实条件下植物吸收磷的有效性。此外,我们还探讨了农业保护措施的作用,如优化耕作、多样化种植制度和增加有机碳输入,在保护P.此外,这篇综述展望了未来的研究创新。这些创新包括发展改良的生物肥料配方和在保护性农业领域内进行更全面的研究。所有这些努力都有可能以可持续的方式增加植物对磷的可及性,从而提高农业的可持续性和生产力。
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引用次数: 0
Soil aggregate stability assessment based on ultrasonic agitation: Limitations and recommendations after sixty years (1964–2023) 基于超声搅拌的土壤团聚体稳定性评价:60年后(1964-2023)的局限性和建议
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.08.008
Fakher ABBAS , Jianjun DU , Haibin CHEN , Muhammad AZEEM , Ruqin FAN
Soil aggregate stability is a fundamental measure for evaluating soil structure. While numerous tests exist for assessing soil aggregate stability, ultrasonic agitation (UA) is widely recognized for its effectiveness. Nonetheless, a significant limitation of UA is the lack of standardized methodologies and stability assessment criteria, resulting in inconsistency and incomparability across studies. Several critical factors influence the assessment of soil aggregate stability, including sample preparation (e.g., drying, sieving, and settling duration), initial and final aggregate size classes, the definition of final energy form and its calculation, variations in instrumentation and laboratory procedures, and the absence of standardized criteria. Unlike some stability methods, UA produces a broad range of results, with dispersion energy varying significantly (0.5–13 440 J g-1) across different soil and aggregate types due to divergent procedural settings. These settings encompass factors such as initial power and amplitude, temperature fluctuation, soil/water ratio, probe specification (diameter and insertion depth), and the choice of liquid used during the process. Furthermore, UA faces challenges related to limited reproducibility, raising doubts about its status as a standard stability assessment method. To address these issues, standardization through predefined procedures and stability criteria has the potential to transform UA into a precise and widely accepted method for both qualitative and quantitative assessments of soil stability. In this comprehensive review, we outline the challenges in standardizing UA, elucidate the factors contributing to dispersion energy variation, and offer practical recommendations to establish standardized protocols for UA in soil aggregate stability assessments.
土壤团聚体稳定性是评价土壤结构的基本指标。虽然存在许多测试来评估土壤团聚体的稳定性,但超声搅拌(UA)因其有效性而得到广泛认可。然而,UA的一个重要限制是缺乏标准化的方法和稳定性评估标准,导致研究之间的不一致和不可比较。有几个关键因素影响土壤团聚体稳定性的评估,包括样品制备(例如,干燥、筛分和沉降时间)、初始和最终团聚体尺寸等级、最终能量形式的定义及其计算、仪器和实验室程序的变化以及标准化标准的缺乏。与一些稳定性方法不同,UA产生的结果范围很广,由于不同的程序设置,不同土壤和团聚体类型的分散能量差异很大(0.5-13 440 J g-1)。这些设置包括初始功率和振幅、温度波动、土壤/水比、探头规格(直径和插入深度)以及过程中使用的液体选择等因素。此外,UA面临着与有限的可重复性相关的挑战,这引起了人们对其作为标准稳定性评估方法的地位的质疑。为了解决这些问题,通过预定义的程序和稳定性标准进行标准化有可能将UA转变为一种精确且广泛接受的土壤稳定性定性和定量评估方法。在这篇综合综述中,我们概述了标准化UA面临的挑战,阐明了导致分散能量变化的因素,并提出了在土壤团聚体稳定性评估中建立标准化UA协议的实用建议。
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引用次数: 0
Enhanced removal of heavy metals by wetland plant-microbiome symbiont: Prospect of potential strategies and mechanisms for environmental heavy metal regulation 湿地植物-微生物共生体对重金属的强化去除:环境重金属调控的潜在策略和机制展望
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.10.007
Ling LIU , Xiaoyi FAN , Yuan HAN , Hongjie WANG
Wetland plants and their related environmental interfaces are colonized by a wide range of microbial communities, and the symbiotic system of plants and microorganisms can interact and cooperate with each other, playing an important role in environmental remediation of metal pollution, which has garnered significant attention. The dominant communities of wetland plants still have high treatment performance and survival rate under pollution conditions. Many studies show that hyperaccumulating metallophytes have the capacity to accumulate heavy metal up to several times higher than the plants in sterile soil, due to the interaction of microbes within the rhizosphere. Thus, biotechnological efforts are being explored to modify plants for heavy metal phytoremediation and to improve the adaptation of wetland plants, endophytes, and rhizospheric microorganisms to adverse environment. New phytoremediation techniques and enhanced symbiosis technique for endophytic bacteria inoculation with high efficiency are being pursued and utilized in heavy metal phytoremediation in wetland systems. Therefore, in this review, we systematically summarized the interface characteristics of wetland systems and the interaction of symbionts, with emphasis on the enhanced removal potential and regulation mechanisms of heavy metals by plant-microbe symbiosis in wetland systems, along with the applications of plant-microbiomes for heavy metal remediation in wetlands. Moreover, we explored the remediation mechanisms of combined endogenic-ecophytic microorganisms for wetland systems. In recent research, the exogeneous bacteria drastically remodeled the rhizospheric microbiome and further improved the activity of rhizospheric functional enzymes, with the metal removal at the rhizospheric region reaching up to 95%. In order to increase the effectiveness of plant-microbiome engineering in addressing wetland environmental pollution, the significance of incorporating synergistic techniques and taking a variety of environmental factors was discussed.
湿地植物及其相关的环境界面被广泛的微生物群落定植,植物与微生物的共生系统可以相互作用和合作,在金属污染的环境修复中发挥着重要作用,引起了人们的广泛关注。湿地植物优势群落在污染条件下仍具有较高的处理性能和成活率。许多研究表明,由于根际微生物的相互作用,超富集金属植物积累重金属的能力比无菌土壤中的植物高出数倍。因此,人们正在探索利用生物技术改造植物来修复重金属,并提高湿地植物、内生菌和根际微生物对不利环境的适应能力。新型植物修复技术和高效内生菌接种增强型共生技术正在被研究和应用于湿地系统重金属植物修复中。因此,本文对湿地系统的界面特征和共生生物的相互作用进行了系统的综述,重点介绍了湿地系统中植物-微生物共生对重金属的去除潜力和调控机制,以及植物-微生物群落在湿地重金属修复中的应用。此外,我们还探讨了内源-生态微生物联合修复湿地系统的机制。在最近的研究中,外源细菌极大地重塑了根际微生物群,进一步提高了根际功能酶的活性,根际区域的金属去除率高达95%。为了提高植物-微生物组工程在湿地环境污染治理中的有效性,探讨了采用协同技术和考虑多种环境因素的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Agricultural and environmental significance of soil organic matter and plant biomass: Insight from ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry 土壤有机质和植物生物量的农业和环境意义:来自超高分辨率傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱的见解
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.09.004
Zhongqi HE
Ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) is an advanced instrument capable of separating and determining molecular mass-to-charge ratios with sub-ppm level accuracy. A typical FT-ICR MS spectrogram can identify hundreds to thousands of formulas in a complex sample. This perspective briefly examines the application of FT-ICR MS to soil organic matter and plant biomass studies, highlighting their significant contributions to sustainable agriculture and environment. Increased analyses by FT-ICR MS of soil, agricultural biomass, and bioactive samples would provide greater insights into the distribution and changing patterns of molecular diversity within soil organic matter, as they relate to soil health issues and environmental stresses such as climate change and soil contamination. As one step toward these goals, it will open new opportunities for valorization of agricultural biomass products/byproducts, thus accelerating the development of a more circular agricultural economy.
超高分辨率傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱(FT-ICR MS)是一种先进的仪器,能够以亚ppm级别的精度分离和确定分子的质量电荷比。典型的FT-ICR质谱图可以识别复杂样品中的数百到数千种配方。本文简要介绍了FT-ICR质谱在土壤有机质和植物生物量研究中的应用,强调了它们对可持续农业和环境的重要贡献。增加对土壤、农业生物量和生物活性样品的FT-ICR质谱分析,将为土壤有机质分子多样性的分布和变化模式提供更深入的了解,因为它们与土壤健康问题和气候变化和土壤污染等环境压力有关。作为实现这些目标的一步,它将为农业生物质产品/副产品的增值创造新的机会,从而加速更加循环的农业经济的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Soil degradation: A global threat to sustainable use of black soils 土壤退化:对黑土可持续利用的全球性威胁
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.06.011
Rui LI , Wenyou HU , Zhongjun JIA , Hanqiang LIU , Chao ZHANG , Biao HUANG , Shunhua YANG , Yuguo ZHAO , Yongcun ZHAO , Manoj K. SHUKLA , Miguel Angel TABOADA
Black soils represent only one-sixth of the global arable land area but play an important role in maintaining world food security due to their high fertility and gigantic potential for food production. With the ongoing intensification of agricultural practices and negative natural factors, black soils are confronting enhanced degradation. The holistic overview of black soil degradation and the underlying mechanisms for soil health improvement will be key for agricultural sustainability and food security. In this review, the current status and driving factors of soil degradation in the four major black soil regions of the world are summarized, and effective measures for black soil conservation are proposed. The Northeast Plain of China is the research hotspot with 41.5% of the published studies related to black soil degradation, despite its relatively short history of agricultural reclamation, followed by the East European Plain (28.3%), the Great Plains of North America (20.7%), and the Pampas of South American (7.9%). Among the main types of soil degradation, soil erosion and soil fertility decline (especially organic matter loss) have been reported as the most common problems, with 27.6% and 39.4% of the published studies, respectively. In addition to the natural influences of climate and topography, human activities have been reported to have great influences on the degradation of black soils globally. Unsustainable farming practices and excess in agrochemical applications are common factors reported to accelerate the degradation process and threaten the sustainable use of black soils. Global efforts for black soil conservation and utilization should focus on standardizing evaluation criteria including real-time monitoring and the measures of prevention and restoration for sustainable management. International cooperation in technology and policy is crucial for overcoming the challenges and thus achieving the protection, sustainable use, and management of global black soil resources.
黑土仅占全球耕地面积的六分之一,但由于其高肥力和巨大的粮食生产潜力,在维持世界粮食安全方面发挥着重要作用。随着农业实践的不断强化和不利的自然因素,黑土正面临着加剧的退化。黑土退化的整体概况和土壤健康改善的潜在机制将是农业可持续性和粮食安全的关键。本文综述了世界四大黑土区土壤退化的现状和驱动因素,并提出了黑土保持的有效措施。中国东北平原是黑土退化的研究热点,尽管其农业开垦历史相对较短,但发表的黑土退化相关研究占41.5%,其次是东欧平原(28.3%)、北美大平原(20.7%)和南美潘帕斯草原(7.9%)。在土壤退化的主要类型中,土壤侵蚀和土壤肥力下降(特别是有机质损失)是最常见的问题,分别占已发表研究的27.6%和39.4%。除了气候和地形的自然影响外,据报道,人类活动对全球黑土的退化也有很大影响。据报道,不可持续的耕作方式和农用化学品的过量使用是加速退化进程和威胁黑土可持续利用的共同因素。全球黑土保护与利用工作的重点应是标准化评价标准,包括实时监测和预防和恢复措施,以实现可持续管理。技术和政策方面的国际合作对于克服这些挑战,从而实现对全球黑土资源的保护、可持续利用和管理至关重要。
{"title":"Soil degradation: A global threat to sustainable use of black soils","authors":"Rui LI ,&nbsp;Wenyou HU ,&nbsp;Zhongjun JIA ,&nbsp;Hanqiang LIU ,&nbsp;Chao ZHANG ,&nbsp;Biao HUANG ,&nbsp;Shunhua YANG ,&nbsp;Yuguo ZHAO ,&nbsp;Yongcun ZHAO ,&nbsp;Manoj K. SHUKLA ,&nbsp;Miguel Angel TABOADA","doi":"10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.06.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.06.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Black soils represent only one-sixth of the global arable land area but play an important role in maintaining world food security due to their high fertility and gigantic potential for food production. With the ongoing intensification of agricultural practices and negative natural factors, black soils are confronting enhanced degradation. The holistic overview of black soil degradation and the underlying mechanisms for soil health improvement will be key for agricultural sustainability and food security. In this review, the current status and driving factors of soil degradation in the four major black soil regions of the world are summarized, and effective measures for black soil conservation are proposed. The Northeast Plain of China is the research hotspot with 41.5% of the published studies related to black soil degradation, despite its relatively short history of agricultural reclamation, followed by the East European Plain (28.3%), the Great Plains of North America (20.7%), and the Pampas of South American (7.9%). Among the main types of soil degradation, soil erosion and soil fertility decline (especially organic matter loss) have been reported as the most common problems, with 27.6% and 39.4% of the published studies, respectively. In addition to the natural influences of climate and topography, human activities have been reported to have great influences on the degradation of black soils globally. Unsustainable farming practices and excess in agrochemical applications are common factors reported to accelerate the degradation process and threaten the sustainable use of black soils. Global efforts for black soil conservation and utilization should focus on standardizing evaluation criteria including real-time monitoring and the measures of prevention and restoration for sustainable management. International cooperation in technology and policy is crucial for overcoming the challenges and thus achieving the protection, sustainable use, and management of global black soil resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49709,"journal":{"name":"Pedosphere","volume":"35 1","pages":"Pages 264-279"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143105155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Methane production and oxidation–-A review on the pmoA and mcrA gene abundances for understanding the functional potentials of agricultural soils 甲烷的产生和氧化--关于 pmoA 和 mcrA 基因丰度的综述,以了解农业土壤的功能潜力
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.05.006
Nwabunwanne Lilian NWOKOLO , Matthew Chekwube ENEBE
Global efforts to avert climate change cannot succeed without tackling the emission of methane from soil and other ecosystems. Methane is a greenhouse gas that retains heat in the atmosphere and causes global warming. Its production is the last step of organic matter decomposition, and it is produced by methanogenic archaea bearing the functional gene mcrA (encoding methyl-coenzyme M reductase). Methane production involves the reduction of acetate or carbon dioxide in a microaerophilic or anaerobic environment under the catalytic actions of methyl-coenzyme M to generate methane. On the other hand, methane-oxidizing bacteria, also known as methanotrophs, through the catalytic action of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO), oxidize methane and reduce its emission to the atmosphere. In essence, both production and consumption of methane happen within the soil. Methanotrophs and methanogens inhabit the same soil environment. In fact, a shift in the balance between methanogen and methanotroph activities and abundances could influence soil methane emission and global warming. In this review, we highlight recent advances in drivers of methane flux, pmoA (encoding pMMO) and mcrA gene abundances, methane emission and control, relationships between microbial functional gene abundances and soil functions, and methods for studying the pmoA and mcrA gene abundances in soil. We also highlight gaps that need to be filled and the impact of the mcrA/pmoA gene abundance ratio in driving the methane emission rate in soil. We also discuss the various abiotic factors that control pmoA and mcrA gene abundances.
如果不解决土壤和其他生态系统中甲烷的排放问题,全球避免气候变化的努力就不可能成功。甲烷是一种温室气体,它在大气中保留热量,导致全球变暖。它的产生是有机物分解的最后一步,由携带功能基因mcrA(编码甲基辅酶M还原酶)的产甲烷古菌产生。甲烷生产是指在嗜气或厌氧环境中,在甲基辅酶M的催化作用下,醋酸盐或二氧化碳的还原生成甲烷。另一方面,甲烷氧化细菌,也称为甲烷氧化菌,通过颗粒甲烷单加氧酶(pMMO)的催化作用,氧化甲烷并减少其排放到大气中。从本质上讲,甲烷的产生和消耗都发生在土壤中。产甲烷菌和产甲烷菌生活在相同的土壤环境中。事实上,产甲烷菌和富甲烷菌活动和丰度之间平衡的改变可能会影响土壤甲烷排放和全球变暖。本文综述了甲烷通量的驱动因素、pmoA(编码pMMO)和mcrA基因丰度、甲烷排放与控制、微生物功能基因丰度与土壤功能的关系以及土壤中pmoA和mcrA基因丰度的研究方法等方面的最新进展。我们还强调了需要填补的空白,以及mcrA/pmoA基因丰度比对土壤甲烷排放率的影响。我们还讨论了控制pmoA和mcrA基因丰度的各种非生物因素。
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引用次数: 0
Impacts of changes in peat soils due to agricultural activities on greenhouse gas (especially N2O) emissions and their mitigations 农业活动造成的泥炭土变化对温室气体(特别是一氧化二氮)排放的影响及其缓解措施
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.010
Ryusuke HATANO
Natural peatlands are a source of CH4 emission but a sink of CO2 and N2O. On the other hand, peatlands drained for agricultural use suppress CH4 emission but become a source of CO2 and N2O emissions. Drained peatland area accounts for 2% of the world's agricultural land, but its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions account for 7% of global GHG emissions. Immediately after land clearing, N2O emission significantly increases due to nitrogen (N) fertilization. Furthermore, in tropical peatland fields that have been cultivated for a long term, annual N2O emission increased to 700 kg N ha-1 year-1. This shows that a successive process of organic matter decomposition, nitrification, and denitrification has been developed. On the other hand, in newly cleared oil palm plantations with proper water and fertilizer managements, both N2O and CO2 emissions decreased over time. Capillary risen from groundwater could increase water-filled pore space of the top layer, improve plant N uptake, and suppress organic matter decomposition. This is thought to have consumed surplus NO3--N, decomposed easily decomposable organic matter, and reduced N2O emission. Further research to verify its effectiveness over a long term will help to create sustainable peatland management.
天然泥炭地是CH4排放源,但也是CO2和N2O的汇。另一方面,排干的泥炭地抑制了CH4的排放,但成为CO2和N2O的排放源。排干的泥炭地面积占世界农业用地的2%,但其温室气体(GHG)排放量占全球温室气体排放量的7%。在土地清理后,由于氮肥的施用,N2O排放立即显著增加。此外,在长期耕作的热带泥炭地,年N2O排放量增加到700 kg N ha-1 -1。这表明一个有机物分解、硝化和反硝化的连续过程已经发展起来。另一方面,在新清理的油棕种植园中,通过适当的水肥管理,N2O和CO2排放量随着时间的推移而减少。地下水上升的毛管增加了表层的充水孔隙空间,提高了植物对氮的吸收,抑制了有机质的分解。这被认为消耗了多余的NO3——N,分解了易分解的有机物,减少了N2O的排放。进一步研究以验证其长期有效性将有助于建立可持续的泥炭地管理。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of nitrogen enrichment on soil enzyme activities in grassland ecosystems in China: A multilevel meta-analysis 氮富集对中国草地生态系统土壤酶活性的影响:一个多水平荟萃分析
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.10.006
Jibo SHI , Muhammad KHASHI U RAHMAN , Ruonan MA , Qiang LI , Yingxin HUANG , Guangdi LI
Nitrogen (N) enrichment has resulted in widespread alteration of grassland ecosystem processes and functions mainly through disturbance in soil enzyme activities. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how N deposition affects specific key soil enzymes that mediate plant-soil feedback of grassland. Here, with a meta-analysis on 1 446 cases from field observations in China, we show that N deposition differently affects soil enzymes associated with soil biochemical processes. Specifically, N-promoted C, N, and P-acquiring hydrolase activities significantly increased by 8.73%, 7.67%, and 8.69%, respectively, related to an increase in microbial-specific enzyme secretion. The increased relative N availability and soil acidification were two potential mechanisms accounting for the changes in soil enzyme activities with N enrichment. The mixed N addition in combination of NH4NO3 and urea showed greater stimulation effect on soil enzyme activities. However, the high rate and long-term N addition tended to weaken the positive responses of soil C-, N- and P-acquiring hydrolase activities to N enrichment. Spatially increased mean annual precipitation and temperature primarily promoted the positive effects of N enrichment on N- and P-acquiring hydrolase activities, and the stimulation of C- and N-acquiring hydrolase activities by N enrichment was intensified with the increase in soil depth. Finally, multimodal inference showed that grassland type was the most important regulator of responses of microbial C, N, and P-acquiring hydrolase activities to N enrichment. This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive insight into understanding the key role of N enrichment in shaping soil enzyme activities of grassland ecosystems.
氮(N)富集主要通过干扰土壤酶活性导致草地生态系统过程和功能的广泛改变。然而,我们对氮沉降如何影响介导草地植物-土壤反馈的特定关键土壤酶缺乏全面的了解。通过对中国1446例野外观测数据的荟萃分析,我们发现氮沉降对土壤生化过程相关酶的影响存在差异。其中,氮促进的C、N和p获取水解酶活性分别显著提高了8.73%、7.67%和8.69%,这与微生物特异性酶分泌增加有关。相对氮有效性的增加和土壤酸化是土壤酶活性随氮富集变化的两个潜在机制。铵硝和尿素混合施氮对土壤酶活性有较大的刺激作用。然而,高速率和长期施氮往往会削弱土壤C、N和p获取水解酶活性对N富集的积极响应。在空间上,年平均降水和温度的增加主要促进了N富集对N-和p -水解酶活性的正向作用,并且随着土壤深度的增加,N富集对C-和N-水解酶活性的促进作用增强。最后,多模态推断表明,草地类型是微生物C、N和p获取水解酶活性对N富集响应的最重要调节因子。这一荟萃分析为理解氮富集在草地生态系统土壤酶活性形成中的关键作用提供了全面的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Use of nanotechnology for safe agriculture and food production: Challenges and limitations 纳米技术在安全农业和粮食生产中的应用:挑战和限制
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.09.005
Andrés RODRÍGUEZ-SEIJO , Vanesa SANTÁS-MIGUEL , Daniel ARENAS-LAGO , Manuel ARIAS-ESTÉVEZ , Paula PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ
Nanotechnology offers promising perspectives for revolutionizing agriculture by enhancing productivity and sustainability. Although the global agricultural nanotechnology market was valued at US$ 352.4 billion in 2023 and is estimated to reach US$ 868.9 billion by 2031, concerns about adverse environmental effects persist. This review summarizes the latest developments and perspectives of nanotechnology applied to agriculture, highlighting both advancements and potential impacts on soil ecosystems. However, concerns regarding regulatory measures, economic viability, and scalability hinder its widespread adoption. Collaboration among stakeholders is crucial to establishing effective frameworks for the safe and responsible application of nanotechnology in agriculture. Despite these concerns, nanotechnology holds great promise for addressing emerging challenges in agriculture and advancing toward more sustainable and efficient practices.
纳米技术通过提高生产力和可持续性为农业革命提供了有希望的前景。尽管全球农业纳米技术市场在2023年的价值为3524亿美元,预计到2031年将达到8689亿美元,但对不利环境影响的担忧仍然存在。本文综述了纳米技术在农业中的应用的最新进展和前景,重点介绍了纳米技术的进展及其对土壤生态系统的潜在影响。然而,对监管措施、经济可行性和可扩展性的担忧阻碍了其广泛采用。利益相关者之间的合作对于建立有效的框架以安全和负责任地在农业中应用纳米技术至关重要。尽管存在这些担忧,纳米技术在解决农业新出现的挑战和向更可持续和更有效的实践推进方面有着巨大的希望。
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引用次数: 0
Soil health for future generations: Ensuring sustainable agriculture and ecosystem resilience 子孙后代的土壤健康:确保可持续农业和生态系统恢复力
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2025.01.007
Xin SONG, Giuseppe CORTI, Ren Fang SHEN, Jiabao ZHANG
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Pedosphere
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