Pedosphere最新文献

英文中文

Methane production and oxidation–-A review on the pmoA and mcrA gene abundances for understanding the functional potentials of agricultural soils 甲烷的产生和氧化--关于 pmoA 和 mcrA 基因丰度的综述，以了解农业土壤的功能潜力

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.05.006

Nwabunwanne Lilian NWOKOLO , Matthew Chekwube ENEBE

Global efforts to avert climate change cannot succeed without tackling the emission of methane from soil and other ecosystems. Methane is a greenhouse gas that retains heat in the atmosphere and causes global warming. Its production is the last step of organic matter decomposition, and it is produced by methanogenic archaea bearing the functional gene mcrA (encoding methyl-coenzyme M reductase). Methane production involves the reduction of acetate or carbon dioxide in a microaerophilic or anaerobic environment under the catalytic actions of methyl-coenzyme M to generate methane. On the other hand, methane-oxidizing bacteria, also known as methanotrophs, through the catalytic action of particulate methane monooxygenase (pMMO), oxidize methane and reduce its emission to the atmosphere. In essence, both production and consumption of methane happen within the soil. Methanotrophs and methanogens inhabit the same soil environment. In fact, a shift in the balance between methanogen and methanotroph activities and abundances could influence soil methane emission and global warming. In this review, we highlight recent advances in drivers of methane flux, pmoA (encoding pMMO) and mcrA gene abundances, methane emission and control, relationships between microbial functional gene abundances and soil functions, and methods for studying the pmoA and mcrA gene abundances in soil. We also highlight gaps that need to be filled and the impact of the mcrA/pmoA gene abundance ratio in driving the methane emission rate in soil. We also discuss the various abiotic factors that control pmoA and mcrA gene abundances.

如果不解决土壤和其他生态系统中甲烷的排放问题，全球避免气候变化的努力就不可能成功。甲烷是一种温室气体，它在大气中保留热量，导致全球变暖。它的产生是有机物分解的最后一步，由携带功能基因mcrA（编码甲基辅酶M还原酶）的产甲烷古菌产生。甲烷生产是指在嗜气或厌氧环境中，在甲基辅酶M的催化作用下，醋酸盐或二氧化碳的还原生成甲烷。另一方面，甲烷氧化细菌，也称为甲烷氧化菌，通过颗粒甲烷单加氧酶（pMMO）的催化作用，氧化甲烷并减少其排放到大气中。从本质上讲，甲烷的产生和消耗都发生在土壤中。产甲烷菌和产甲烷菌生活在相同的土壤环境中。事实上，产甲烷菌和富甲烷菌活动和丰度之间平衡的改变可能会影响土壤甲烷排放和全球变暖。本文综述了甲烷通量的驱动因素、pmoA（编码pMMO）和mcrA基因丰度、甲烷排放与控制、微生物功能基因丰度与土壤功能的关系以及土壤中pmoA和mcrA基因丰度的研究方法等方面的最新进展。我们还强调了需要填补的空白，以及mcrA/pmoA基因丰度比对土壤甲烷排放率的影响。我们还讨论了控制pmoA和mcrA基因丰度的各种非生物因素。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of changes in peat soils due to agricultural activities on greenhouse gas (especially N2O) emissions and their mitigations 农业活动造成的泥炭土变化对温室气体（特别是一氧化二氮）排放的影响及其缓解措施

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.010

Ryusuke HATANO

Natural peatlands are a source of CH₄ emission but a sink of CO₂ and N₂O. On the other hand, peatlands drained for agricultural use suppress CH₄ emission but become a source of CO₂ and N₂O emissions. Drained peatland area accounts for 2% of the world's agricultural land, but its greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions account for 7% of global GHG emissions. Immediately after land clearing, N₂O emission significantly increases due to nitrogen (N) fertilization. Furthermore, in tropical peatland fields that have been cultivated for a long term, annual N₂O emission increased to 700 kg N ha^-1 year^-1. This shows that a successive process of organic matter decomposition, nitrification, and denitrification has been developed. On the other hand, in newly cleared oil palm plantations with proper water and fertilizer managements, both N₂O and CO₂ emissions decreased over time. Capillary risen from groundwater could increase water-filled pore space of the top layer, improve plant N uptake, and suppress organic matter decomposition. This is thought to have consumed surplus NO₃^--N, decomposed easily decomposable organic matter, and reduced N₂O emission. Further research to verify its effectiveness over a long term will help to create sustainable peatland management.

天然泥炭地是CH4排放源，但也是CO2和N2O的汇。另一方面，排干的泥炭地抑制了CH4的排放，但成为CO2和N2O的排放源。排干的泥炭地面积占世界农业用地的2%，但其温室气体（GHG）排放量占全球温室气体排放量的7%。在土地清理后，由于氮肥的施用，N2O排放立即显著增加。此外，在长期耕作的热带泥炭地，年N2O排放量增加到700 kg N ha-1 -1。这表明一个有机物分解、硝化和反硝化的连续过程已经发展起来。另一方面，在新清理的油棕种植园中，通过适当的水肥管理，N2O和CO2排放量随着时间的推移而减少。地下水上升的毛管增加了表层的充水孔隙空间，提高了植物对氮的吸收，抑制了有机质的分解。这被认为消耗了多余的NO3——N，分解了易分解的有机物，减少了N2O的排放。进一步研究以验证其长期有效性将有助于建立可持续的泥炭地管理。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of nitrogen enrichment on soil enzyme activities in grassland ecosystems in China: A multilevel meta-analysis 氮富集对中国草地生态系统土壤酶活性的影响：一个多水平荟萃分析

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.10.006

Jibo SHI , Muhammad KHASHI U RAHMAN , Ruonan MA , Qiang LI , Yingxin HUANG , Guangdi LI

Nitrogen (N) enrichment has resulted in widespread alteration of grassland ecosystem processes and functions mainly through disturbance in soil enzyme activities. However, we lack a comprehensive understanding of how N deposition affects specific key soil enzymes that mediate plant-soil feedback of grassland. Here, with a meta-analysis on 1 446 cases from field observations in China, we show that N deposition differently affects soil enzymes associated with soil biochemical processes. Specifically, N-promoted C, N, and P-acquiring hydrolase activities significantly increased by 8.73%, 7.67%, and 8.69%, respectively, related to an increase in microbial-specific enzyme secretion. The increased relative N availability and soil acidification were two potential mechanisms accounting for the changes in soil enzyme activities with N enrichment. The mixed N addition in combination of NH₄NO₃ and urea showed greater stimulation effect on soil enzyme activities. However, the high rate and long-term N addition tended to weaken the positive responses of soil C-, N- and P-acquiring hydrolase activities to N enrichment. Spatially increased mean annual precipitation and temperature primarily promoted the positive effects of N enrichment on N- and P-acquiring hydrolase activities, and the stimulation of C- and N-acquiring hydrolase activities by N enrichment was intensified with the increase in soil depth. Finally, multimodal inference showed that grassland type was the most important regulator of responses of microbial C, N, and P-acquiring hydrolase activities to N enrichment. This meta-analysis provides a comprehensive insight into understanding the key role of N enrichment in shaping soil enzyme activities of grassland ecosystems.

氮(N)富集主要通过干扰土壤酶活性导致草地生态系统过程和功能的广泛改变。然而，我们对氮沉降如何影响介导草地植物-土壤反馈的特定关键土壤酶缺乏全面的了解。通过对中国1446例野外观测数据的荟萃分析，我们发现氮沉降对土壤生化过程相关酶的影响存在差异。其中，氮促进的C、N和p获取水解酶活性分别显著提高了8.73%、7.67%和8.69%，这与微生物特异性酶分泌增加有关。相对氮有效性的增加和土壤酸化是土壤酶活性随氮富集变化的两个潜在机制。铵硝和尿素混合施氮对土壤酶活性有较大的刺激作用。然而，高速率和长期施氮往往会削弱土壤C、N和p获取水解酶活性对N富集的积极响应。在空间上，年平均降水和温度的增加主要促进了N富集对N-和p -水解酶活性的正向作用，并且随着土壤深度的增加，N富集对C-和N-水解酶活性的促进作用增强。最后，多模态推断表明，草地类型是微生物C、N和p获取水解酶活性对N富集响应的最重要调节因子。这一荟萃分析为理解氮富集在草地生态系统土壤酶活性形成中的关键作用提供了全面的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Use of nanotechnology for safe agriculture and food production: Challenges and limitations 纳米技术在安全农业和粮食生产中的应用：挑战和限制

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.09.005

Andrés RODRÍGUEZ-SEIJO , Vanesa SANTÁS-MIGUEL , Daniel ARENAS-LAGO , Manuel ARIAS-ESTÉVEZ , Paula PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ

Nanotechnology offers promising perspectives for revolutionizing agriculture by enhancing productivity and sustainability. Although the global agricultural nanotechnology market was valued at US$ 352.4 billion in 2023 and is estimated to reach US$ 868.9 billion by 2031, concerns about adverse environmental effects persist. This review summarizes the latest developments and perspectives of nanotechnology applied to agriculture, highlighting both advancements and potential impacts on soil ecosystems. However, concerns regarding regulatory measures, economic viability, and scalability hinder its widespread adoption. Collaboration among stakeholders is crucial to establishing effective frameworks for the safe and responsible application of nanotechnology in agriculture. Despite these concerns, nanotechnology holds great promise for addressing emerging challenges in agriculture and advancing toward more sustainable and efficient practices.

纳米技术通过提高生产力和可持续性为农业革命提供了有希望的前景。尽管全球农业纳米技术市场在2023年的价值为3524亿美元，预计到2031年将达到8689亿美元，但对不利环境影响的担忧仍然存在。本文综述了纳米技术在农业中的应用的最新进展和前景，重点介绍了纳米技术的进展及其对土壤生态系统的潜在影响。然而，对监管措施、经济可行性和可扩展性的担忧阻碍了其广泛采用。利益相关者之间的合作对于建立有效的框架以安全和负责任地在农业中应用纳米技术至关重要。尽管存在这些担忧，纳米技术在解决农业新出现的挑战和向更可持续和更有效的实践推进方面有着巨大的希望。

引用次数: 0

Soil health for future generations: Ensuring sustainable agriculture and ecosystem resilience 子孙后代的土壤健康：确保可持续农业和生态系统恢复力

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2025.01.007

Xin SONG, Giuseppe CORTI, Ren Fang SHEN, Jiabao ZHANG

引用次数: 0

Drought effects on nitrogen and phosphorus releases from litter vary between arid and humid areas: A meta-analysis 干旱对枯落物氮磷释放的影响在干旱和湿润地区有所不同

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.03.003

Yanyu JIANG , Fuzhong WU , Qiuxia WU , Siqi WU , Jingjing ZHU , Xiangyin NI

Climate warming has intensified the global hydrological cycle, amplifying the differences in precipitation and soil moisture between arid and humid areas. Such a change under regional drought may alter nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) releases during litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems, but how these biogeochemical processes respond to drought differently between arid and humid areas remains unclear. Here, we compiled 259 and 138 paired observations (with and without drought conditions) to assess the global variations in the drought effects on N and P releases during litter decomposition between arid (aridity index < 0.5) and humid (aridity index > 0.5) areas. Litter N release increased under drought in both arid (0.35%) and humid (3.62%) areas, and P release decreased by 7.32% in arid areas but increased by 2.22% in humid areas under drought. These changes in N and P releases from decomposing litter were positively correlated with drought duration in arid areas, dependent on microclimate, edaphic factors, and litter quality. Our findings highlight the contrasting effects of drought on litter N and P releases between arid and humid ecosystems, and this differential influence will greatly improve our capability to evaluate and forecast nutrient cycling during litter decomposition under different precipitation patterns.

气候变暖加剧了全球水文循环，扩大了干旱和潮湿地区之间降水和土壤湿度的差异。这种变化可能会改变陆地生态系统凋落物分解过程中氮和磷的释放，但这些生物地球化学过程如何在干旱和潮湿地区对干旱做出不同的响应尚不清楚。在此，我们收集了259和138对观测数据（有和没有干旱条件），以评估干旱对凋落物分解过程中N和P释放的全球变化。0.5)和潮湿(干燥指数>；0.5)地区。干旱条件下，干旱区和湿润区凋落物N释放量均增加（0.35%），P释放量减少（7.32%），湿润区增加（2.22%）。这些变化与干旱区干旱持续时间呈正相关，取决于小气候、土壤因子和凋落物质量。我们的研究结果强调了干旱对干旱和湿润生态系统凋落物N和P释放的差异影响，这种差异影响将极大地提高我们评估和预测不同降水模式下凋落物分解过程中养分循环的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Social insects behind the microgranular structure of Ferralsols: Consequences for their physical fertility when cultivated Ferralsols微晶结构背后的社会昆虫：种植时对其物理肥力的影响

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2023.12.011

Ary BRUAND

It was long accepted that the microgranular structure of many Ferralsols was mainly related to physicochemical processes and to their mineralogical composition. It now appears, however, that this microgranular structure originates from the burrowing activity of termites and ants. Given its importance for the physical properties of Ferralsols, it will be necessary to study the different termite and ant species responsible for this microgranular structure and the characteristics of the burrowing activity associated with species. This is a major point to better understand the possible long-term consequences of agriculture on Ferralsol properties because it strongly affects soil faunal biodiversity.

长期以来，人们一直认为许多费拉索尔的微颗粒结构主要与物理化学过程和矿物组成有关。然而，现在看来，这种微颗粒结构起源于白蚁和蚂蚁的挖洞活动。考虑到其对Ferralsols的物理性质的重要性，有必要研究造成这种微颗粒结构的不同白蚁和蚂蚁物种以及与物种相关的挖洞活动特征。这是更好地理解农业对Ferralsol性质可能产生的长期影响的一个要点，因为它强烈影响土壤动物的生物多样性。

引用次数: 0

A comprehensive evaluation of the potential of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria for applications in agriculture in stressed environments 全面评估植物生长促进根瘤菌在压力环境下的农业应用潜力

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.02.005

Naila RAFIQUE , Sadia KHALIL , Massimiliano CARDINALE , Aysha RASHEED , Fengliang ZHAO , Zainul ABIDEEN

The world is facing a consistent increase in human population and a noticeable decrease in cultivable lands due to soil salinization, abrupt climatic changes, and less rainfall. These problems have increased the importance of finding ecologically sustainable solutions to ensure global food security. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be advantageous to enhancing plant productivity and safeguarding against environmental stresses. They may assist plants by atmospheric nitrogen fixation, nutrient recycling, phosphate solubilization, iron sequestration via siderophore formation, and production of phytohormones like indole-3-acetic acid and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase. They can also be used as biofertilizers and biocontrol agents as they produce antibiotics, exopolysaccharides, and hydrolytic enzymes. In this review, the connections between microbial populations, as microbial inoculants, and plant systems are highlighted, focusing on the enhancement of plant development, environmental resilience of agricultural systems, ecosystem services, and biological challenges under stressed conditions. This review also emphasizes the use of advanced molecular tools and techniques to effectively characterize potent soil microbial communities, their importance in increasing crop yield in stressed soils, and the prospects for future research.

由于土壤盐碱化、气候突变和降雨减少，世界正面临着人口持续增长和可耕地显著减少的问题。这些问题增加了寻找生态上可持续的解决办法以确保全球粮食安全的重要性。促进植物生长的根瘤菌有利于提高植物生产力和抵御环境胁迫。它们可以通过大气固氮、养分循环、磷酸盐增溶、铁载体形成的铁固存以及吲哚-3-乙酸和1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸脱氨酶等植物激素的产生来帮助植物。它们还可以用作生物肥料和生物防治剂，因为它们可以产生抗生素、外多糖和水解酶。在这篇综述中，强调了微生物种群（作为微生物接种剂）与植物系统之间的联系，重点是在逆境条件下增强植物发育，农业系统的环境恢复力，生态系统服务和生物挑战。本文还重点介绍了利用先进的分子工具和技术来有效表征土壤微生物群落，它们在胁迫土壤中提高作物产量的重要性，以及未来研究的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Biochars improve agricultural production: The evidence base is limited 生物碳可提高农业产量：证据基础有限

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.10.009

Vincent CHAPLOT , Philippe BAVEYE , René GUENON , Elie LE GUYADER , Budiman MINASNY , Anoop Kumar SRIVASTAVA

Biochar application to soil is commonly recognized to improve soil fertility and consequently biomass and food production sustainably. We re-examined the robustness of the underlying data and found that, of the 12 000+ publications on “biochar and agriculture” used in meta-studies, only 109 Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) papers (or 0.9%) provide experimental data on the impacts on crop yield and/or biomass production. Our analysis revealed that none (0%) of these studies compared a biochar treatment to a treatment adding to the soil the same amounts of easily accessible nutrients as found in biochar, 0.9% evaluated the toxicity of biochar, and 5.5% considered at least two cropping cycles after a single biochar application, which in all cases are major shortcomings. Finally, when computed only for agricultural soils (n = 65), the mean biomass or grain yield gain, which was 16.1% (median at 7.1%) for all available experiments, decreased to -0.64% (median at 5.2%). Consequently, the underlying evidence base to support biochar application in agricultural soils to enhance biomass production and grain yield is so far limited.},

人们普遍认为，在土壤中施用生物炭可以提高土壤肥力，从而可持续地提高生物量和粮食生产。我们重新检查了基础数据的稳稳性，发现在元研究中使用的1.2万多篇关于“生物炭和农业”的论文中，只有109篇科学信息研究所（ISI）的论文（占0.9%）提供了对作物产量和/或生物质生产影响的实验数据。我们的分析显示，这些研究中没有（0%）将生物炭处理与向土壤中添加与生物炭中发现的相同数量的易于获取的养分的处理进行比较，0.9%评估了生物炭的毒性，5.5%考虑了一次生物炭施用后至少两个种植周期，这些都是主要缺点。最后，当仅计算农业土壤（n = 65）时，所有可用实验的平均生物量或粮食产量增益为16.1%（中位数为7.1%），降至-0.64%（中位数为5.2%）。因此，迄今为止，支持在农业土壤中应用生物炭以提高生物量生产和粮食产量的潜在证据基础有限。

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引用次数: 0

Remediation of trichloromethane-contaminated soil and groundwater using microorganisms and iron-based materials: A review 微生物和铁基材料修复三氯甲烷污染土壤和地下水的研究进展

IF 5.2 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Pedosphere

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedsph.2024.11.006

Hongtao SHENG , Zhenyu KANG , Zhen NI , Hangyu LI , Yuqing WANG , Mengfang CHEN , Jianjun CAO , Linbo QIAN

New pollutants have become a significant concern in China's efforts toward ecological and environmental protection. Trichloromethane (TCM, CHCl₃), one of these new pollutants, is primarily released into soil and groundwater through various industrial activities. Over the past four decades, researchers have consistently focused on the remediation of TCM-contaminated soil and groundwater using microorganisms and iron-based materials, which hold significant potential for practical application. Understanding the remediation process and the factors influencing TCM degradation through these two methods is crucial for advancing both theoretical research and practical implementation. This review focuses on the degradation mechanisms of TCM in soil and groundwater by microorganisms and iron-based materials. It summarizes the active microorganisms and modified iron-based materials with high TCM degradation capabilities, discusses enhancement measures for both methods in the remediation process, and finally, outlines the challenges faced by these methods. The goal is to provide theoretical references for efficient remediation of TCM-contaminated soil and groundwater.

新污染物已成为中国生态环境保护工作中的一个重要问题。三氯甲烷（TCM, CHCl3）是其中一种新型污染物，主要通过各种工业活动释放到土壤和地下水中。在过去的40年里，研究人员一直致力于利用微生物和铁基材料修复中药污染的土壤和地下水，这具有很大的实际应用潜力。通过这两种方法了解中药降解的修复过程和影响因素对于推进理论研究和实践实施至关重要。本文就中药在土壤和地下水中被微生物和铁基材料降解的机理进行了综述。综述了活性微生物和具有高中草药降解能力的改性铁基材料，讨论了这两种方法在修复过程中的增强措施，最后概述了这些方法面临的挑战。旨在为中药污染土壤和地下水的有效修复提供理论参考。

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引用次数: 0

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