Nursing & Health Sciences最新文献

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) impact the working population, with disparities by workplace size. Despite increasing female workforce participation, research on their cardiovascular health remains limited. This retrospective cross-sectional study is a secondary data analysis using the Female Employees Database from the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS-FEM DB), which includes health examination, sociodemographic, and medical treatment information for a sample of Korean working women. This study analyzed 53 574 women in South Korea using the NHIS-FEM DB from 2009 to 2015. Repeated measures ANOVA assessed cardiovascular health changes by workplace size. Significant time-group interactions were observed for diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting glucose (FG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and CVD risk (all p < 0.01). Working women in small/medium-sized enterprises (SMSE) experienced a significantly faster increase in DBP and FG over time than those in large-sized enterprises (LSE), suggesting a widening cardiometabolic gap driven by workplace size-related structural disparities. These trends suggest that workplace-related structural factors may contribute to the cumulative burden of cardiometabolic risk. Targeted workplace health policies, particularly, in SMSE, could mitigate CVD risks and improve well-being.

This study explored the effects of nurse managers' sustainable management behaviors (SMB) and nurses' sociodemographic and professional characteristics on nurses' job performance (JP). We conducted this study in March and April 2024, using an online questionnaire. We completed the study with the participation of 283 nurses. The data collection form comprised three parts: an information form about nurses' sociodemographic and professional characteristics, the sustainable management behaviors scale (SMBS), and the job performance scale (JPS). We used descriptive, correlational, and hierarchical regression analyses to analyze the data. The mean scores of the SMBS and JPS were high. The study found that nurses' JP was highest in coordination of care and lowest in compliance. SMB was highest in corporate functioning and lowest in environmental sensitivity. A positive correlation was found between JP and SMB. Hierarchical regression analysis identified SMB of nurse managers as a significant predictor of nurses' JP. Specifically, corporate functioning and protection sensitivity behaviors were the most influential dimensions, even after controlling for demographic and occupational variables. The findings emphasize the significant role of nurse managers' SMB in enhancing nurses' JP.

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of sling exercise training (SET) on walking ability, balance function, and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with stroke. A systematic search was conducted across multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SinoMed, CNKI, and Wanfang) from inception to January 2025. A total of 23 studies involving 922 participants were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Meta-analyses were performed using standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. The analysis revealed substantial improvements in balance function, as measured by the Berg balance scale. Lower limb motor function assessed by the Fugl-Meyer assessment showed notable enhancement. Balance ability measured by the Fugl-Meyer balance scale indicated significant progress, whereas walking ability assessed by the Holden functional walking rating showed marked improvement. However, improvements in ADL and 6-min walk test performance did not reach statistical significance. SET demonstrates substantial beneficial effects on balance function, lower limb motor function, and walking ability in patients with stroke. However, its impact on ADL and walking endurance requires further investigation.

Medication non-adherence is common in chronic conditions and linked to poor outcomes and higher costs. Older adults with multimorbidity and polypharmacy face a higher non-adherence risk. This cross-sectional study in northeast China (April-September 2024) examined medication adherence and its influencing factors among 240 community-dwelling older adults with physical multimorbidity and polypharmacy, using structured interviews at health centers. Data was analyzed using multiple linear regression, with medication adherence as the outcome variable. Independent variables included functional social support, medicine beliefs, illness representation, medication literacy, depression, experience of medication-related side effects, number of medications taken daily, and patient-provider relationship. Medication adherence among participants was at a moderate level. Poorer medication adherence was associated with insufficient medication literacy (p < 0.001), strong illness representation (p = 0.003), lower perceived functional social support (p = 0.008), depression (p = 0.050), and a strong belief in Traditional Chinese Medicine (p = 0.040). These findings highlight modifiable risk factors for non-adherence, offering targets for culturally tailored interventions to improve medication adherence and health outcomes in older adults with physical multimorbidity and polypharmacy.

Effective pain management remains a global nursing challenge, requiring awareness of influencing factors. This cross-sectional study examined such factors among nurses in Western Japan's university hospitals from September to November 2023. A self-reported questionnaire was used to investigate nurses' sociodemographic characteristics, collaboration with physicians in the ward, pain management knowledge, empathy, and pain management practices. Among 695 nurses (69.4% valid response rate), 51.4% had under 5 years' work experience, indicating a relatively junior nursing workforce. The mean practice score was 47.5 (SD = 7.1). Hierarchical regression showed knowledge and empathy increased practice scores by 6.2%. Nurses' empathy, particularly their perspective-taking, explained pain management practice (β = 0.242, p < 0.001). Information-sharing with pain specialists, effective collaboration with physicians in the ward, work experience, and clinical pain education were also associated with pain management practices (all p < 0.05). This study suggests that enhancing nurses' empathy and fostering a collaborative ward environment may be essential strategies to improve the pain management quality.

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the healthcare sector, exacerbating nurse turnover intentions globally. Turnover intention is influenced by organizational justice and effort-reward imbalance (ERI). However, the specific mechanisms underlying these relationships, particularly the intermediary function of psychological distress, remain inadequately investigated. This study investigated the relationships among organizational justice (procedural and interactional), ERI, psychological distress, and turnover intention among hospital nurses in Japan during the COVID-19 crisis. A cross-sectional study with 773 nurses was conducted. Structural equation modeling helped analyze the total, direct, and indirect effects of organizational justice and ERI on turnover intentions, with psychological distress as a mediating variable. The results show that interactional justice was negatively associated, mediated by psychological distress. ERI was positively associated with turnover intention, with job promotion and salary imbalance being the most influential components. Psychological distress emerged as a significant mediator in the associations between interactional justice, ERI, and turnover intentions. Enhancing interactional justice and addressing ERI are critical strategies for reducing turnover intentions. Alleviating psychological distress supports nurse retention.

Cognitive frailty can lead to an impaired functional capacity and a poor quality of life, especially in patients on hemodialysis. This study aimed to investigate cognitive frailty and its risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) receiving hemodialysis. A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2021 involving 220 patients with CKD receiving hemodialysis at a hospital-based hemodialysis center in northern Taiwan. Data were collected using a structured survey covering demographics, cognitive function, physical frailty, depressive symptoms, physical activity, and nutritional status. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify risk factors for cognitive frailty. In total, 220 patients were recruited. Prevalences of cognitive impairment, physical frailty, depressive symptoms, and cognitive frailty were 46.8%, 10.0%, 52.3%, and 9%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, sex, and years of hemodialysis, identified malnutrition (aOR = 12.405; 95% CI = 3.29-46.81) and physical inactivity (aOR = 89.445; 95% CI = 5.87-1363.93) as significant risk factors for cognitive frailty. The study suggests the need for strategies to enhance physical activity and nutritional status to prevent cognitive frailty in patients with CKD receiving hemodialysis.

Medication adherence is critical for diabetes self-management. This study aimed to examine the association between medication adherence and understanding of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy in people with diabetes. In this cross-sectional study, 176 Type 2 diabetes participants were included out of 208 consented. Data on demographics and clinical characteristics were collected from medical records. A self-administered questionnaire survey collected data on participants' experiences with diabetes educational admission, experiences with diabetes care guidance, understanding of diabetes, understanding of diabetic nephropathy, and medication adherence. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association between medication adherence and understanding of diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. The mean age was 67.3 years, and the duration of diabetes was 11.5 years, with 67.6% being male. Logistic regression analysis results indicated a significant association between medication adherence and understanding of diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-3.54), and that of diabetic nephropathy (OR: 1.41, 95% CI: 1.06-1.88). The results of this study suggest that healthcare providers' assessment of patients' understanding of diabetic nephropathy and diabetes can provide useful information in confirming their medication adherence.

The aim of this study was to explore the relationships between emotional intelligence, resilience, and turnover intention among emergency nurses. Nurses who work in emergency departments face many challenges; they consider these to be the most stressful settings compared with other healthcare departments. Thus, nurses need to be emotionally intelligent and psychologically resilient. This study used a descriptive, cross-sectional approach to explore the relationships between study variables. It was conducted in four major hospitals in Taif City. The sample included all nurses working in the emergency departments of the selected hospitals. A sample of 202 male and female nurses was conveniently selected. The study relied on self-administered questionnaires with four sections measuring demographic characteristics, emotional intelligence, psychological resilience, and intention to leave work. The study results showed that nurses possessed a high level of emotional intelligence, excelling in understanding others' emotions and using emotions for self-motivation, while their abilities in regulating emotions and self-assessment were slightly lower. Results of the psychological resilience scale also demonstrated a good ability to manage stress and crises, but some cognitive aspects, such as maintaining a positive attitude, needed improvement. Regarding intention to leave, the results showed nurses were reluctant to stay in their jobs due to concerns about pay and working conditions, as well as a lack of administrative support and insufficient opportunities for professional development. The results showed that intention to leave and emotional intelligence were strongly negatively correlated (R² = -0.735, p < 0.00001). Also, there was a negative correlation between intention to leave and psychological resilience (R² = -0.735, p < 0.00001). However, psychological resilience and emotional intelligence were positively and significantly correlated (R² = 0.699, p < 0.00001). The results highlighted that mental health and professional factors play an important role in nurses' decisions to stay or leave. The study shed important light on the factors affecting nurses' decisions to stay in or leave their jobs by thoroughly examining emotional intelligence and psychological resilience. Nurses in emergency departments need to pay attention to their mental health and factors that could affect their intention to leave their jobs.

Climate change can trigger many health problems, from air quality to water resources, from food safety to infectious diseases. Developing nurses' knowledge and skills about the effects of climate change on health can make significant contributions to efforts to protect and improve public health. The aim of the study is to examine the health problems of nursing students related to climate change and determine their awareness and behaviors. This descriptive study included 386 students. Data were collected using the Individual Identification Form and the Climate, Health, and Nursing Scale. The mean age of the participants was 21.62 ± 3.89; 70% were female, and 47% were 4th-year students. Students who were informed about climate change had higher levels of knowledge, awareness, motivation, and behavior. It was concluded that students' knowledge about climate change had a positive effect on motivation and anxiety levels; while it did not have a significant effect on knowledge and awareness dimensions. Female students have higher levels of motivation and anxiety, which may play a role in shaping gender norms' sensitivity and responses to climate change.