Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research最新文献

Depression and its association with quality of life among elderly: An elderly home- cross sectional study 老年人抑郁及其与生活质量的关系:一项老年人家庭横断面研究

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.08.003

Kenison Shrestha , Saroj Prasad Ojha , Saraswati Dhungana , Sneha Shrestha

Background

Elderly population is on the rise and elderly depression is very common. Institutionalization further increases the risk of them being more depressed and can have impact on quality of life. The aim of this study was to find the prevalence of depression in institutionalized elders and assess for the demographic correlates and also assess the quality of life.

Method

An institutionalized based cross- sectional study was conducted from September 2017−18. A total of 159 elders residing in old age home were included in the study. The validated Nepali translation of Geriatric Depression Scale -15 item was used to assess the depression and quality of life was measured using world health organization quality of life- brief. The collected data were coded and analyzed using SPSS version 16. The descriptive statistics was calculated for socio- demographic and association with depression was analyzed using chi square test. The correlation between depression status and quality of life was done using non- parametric Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient test.

Results

Among the 159 elderly subjects interviewed, prevalence of depression was 39.6 % with mean age of 76 years. Depression in institutionalized elders was found to be more in males (42 %). There was significant association between age, gender and depression status (p < 0.05) whereas there was negative correlation in between depression status and quality of life.

Conclusion

The finding of this study concluded that depression among institutionalized elders was a substantial problem and affected their quality of life.

背景老年人口呈上升趋势，老年抑郁症十分普遍。机构化进一步增加了他们变得更加抑郁的风险，并可能对生活质量产生影响。本研究的目的是发现在机构老年人中抑郁症的患病率，并评估其人口学相关性，同时评估其生活质量。方法2017年9月至2018年9月进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。共有159名住在安老院的长者参与研究。使用经验证的尼泊尔语翻译的老年抑郁症量表-15项目来评估抑郁症，并使用世界卫生组织生活质量简要表来测量生活质量。收集的数据用SPSS 16进行编码和分析。对社会人口学进行描述性统计，并采用卡方检验分析与抑郁症的相关性。抑郁状态与生活质量的相关性采用非参数Spearman秩相关系数检验。结果159名受访老年人中，抑郁症患病率为39.6%，平均年龄76岁。在机构老人中发现抑郁症在男性中更多(42%)。年龄、性别与抑郁状态有显著相关(p < 0.05)，抑郁状态与生活质量呈负相关。结论机构老年人抑郁是一个严重的问题，影响了他们的生活质量。

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引用次数: 16

Can daily internet use time screen for problematic internet use among college students? A receiver operator characteristic curve-based multi-country study 每天上网的时间是否能显示出大学生上网的问题?基于接收话务员特征曲线的多国研究

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.09.002

Yatan Pal Singh Balhara , Swarndeep Singh , Ana Doric , Dejan Stevanovic , Rajna Knez , Mita Rani Roy Chowdhury , Helin Yilmaz Kafali , Pawan Sharma , Zahir Vally , Tuong Vi Vu , Sidharth Arya , Aishita Mahendru , Ramdas Ransing , Gamze Erzin , Huynh Le Thi Cam Hong Le

Background and objective

The current article explored the possibility of using daily internet use time as an indicator for problematic internet use (PIU) among college/ university students based on observations from a multi-centric, multi-country study conducted across eight different countries. Additionally, the current article explored whether daily night time sleep and physical activity can serve as possible indicators of PIU.

Methods

The present article presents the findings from analysis of information collected from 2643 college/university students from eight countries. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to compare the predictive performance of three different indicator variables in the study participants to determine PIU.

Results

The AUC for daily internet use time was 0.64 (95 % CI: 0.62 to 0.656), which was higher than the AUC for weekly physical activity (0.599; 95 % CI: 0.580 to 0.618) and daily night time sleep (0.563; 95 % CI: 0.544 to 0.582). The AUC for three indicator variables was compared, which showed that the AUC for daily internet time was significantly higher than the AUC for daily night-time sleep.

Conclusions

The assessment of daily internet use time as part of a larger battery of general health-related questions could be applied periodically among young students for screening of PIU in addition to a host of other important mental and physical health related conditions and behaviors. However, further studies are needed to determine optimal cut-off depending upon the desired trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for screening among different populations.

背景和目的本文基于在八个不同国家进行的多中心、多国研究的观察结果，探讨了将每日互联网使用时间作为大学生问题互联网使用(PIU)指标的可能性。此外，本文还探讨了每日夜间睡眠和身体活动是否可以作为PIU的可能指标。方法对来自8个国家的2643名大学生的信息进行了分析。计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC)，比较研究参与者中三个不同指标变量的预测性能，以确定PIU。结果每日网络使用时间的AUC为0.64 (95% CI: 0.62 ~ 0.656)，高于每周体力活动的AUC (0.599;95% CI: 0.580 ~ 0.618)和每日夜间睡眠时间(0.563;95% CI: 0.544 ~ 0.582)。比较三个指标变量的AUC，发现每日上网时间的AUC显著高于每日夜间睡眠的AUC。结论:除了其他重要的心理和身体健康相关的状况和行为外，每日互联网使用时间的评估可以作为一组更大的一般健康相关问题的一部分，定期应用于年轻学生的PIU筛查。然而，需要进一步的研究来确定最佳的截止点，这取决于在不同人群中筛查的敏感性和特异性之间所需的权衡。

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引用次数: 9

Lilo Süllwold (1930–2020): Her contributions to psychopathology and psychological treatment of schizophrenia according the basic symptoms concept Lilo sillwold(1930-2020):她在精神分裂症的精神病理学和根据基本症状概念的心理治疗方面的贡献

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.10.008

Natalia Jimeno

引用次数: 1

Cortico-hippocampal morphology and behavioural indices improved in maternal deprivation model of schizophrenia following vitamin B complex supplementation 补充维生素B复合物后，精神分裂症母亲剥夺模型的皮质海马形态和行为指标得到改善

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.10.007

Gabriel Olaiya Omotoso, Fatimah Adeola Abdulsalam, Nafisat Yetunde Mutholib, Abdulkabir I. Bature, Ismail Temitayo Gbadamosi

Background

Maternal deprivation (MD) during early life development has been documented to culminate in long-term alterations in brain function and behavioural manifestations that mimic schizophrenia. This study elucidated the putative neuroprotective roles of vitamin B complex in MD-induced behavioural and neurochemical modifications in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of Wistar rats.

Materials and methods

: Rat pups were maternally deprived on postnatal day 9 for 24 h and then treated with or without vitamin B complex for 15 days while a control group was undisturbed during the experimental period. The rats were then subjected to behavioural paradigms to measure memory indices and anxiety levels. The rats were sacrificed to obtain the PFC and hippocampus for histomorphological and biochemical analysis.

Results

Behavioural analysis of the animals revealed that MD induced a declination in long- and short-term memory in addition to anxiety-like behaviour in the open field test. Cortico-hippocampal histomorphology of these animals showed an increased astrocytic density and chromatolysis, which were accompanied by reduced levels of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes. Vitamin B complex mitigated MD-induced behavioural decline, histomorphological perturbation and oxidative stress by enhancing the intrinsic antioxidant defence, thereby culminating in nootropic behaviour and reduced anxiety.

Conclusion

We confirmed the hypothesis that vitamin B complex is neuroprotective against neuropathological alterations induced by maternal deprivation.

研究表明，生命早期发育过程中的母亲剥夺(MD)最终会导致脑功能和行为表现的长期改变，类似于精神分裂症。本研究阐明了维生素B复合物在md诱导的Wistar大鼠海马和前额叶皮质(PFC)行为和神经化学改变中的神经保护作用。材料与方法:大鼠仔在出生后第9天被剥夺母性24 h，然后给予或不给予维生素B复合物15 d，对照组在实验期间不受干扰。然后对这些老鼠进行行为范式测试，以测量它们的记忆指数和焦虑水平。处死大鼠，取PFC和海马进行组织形态学和生化分析。结果动物行为分析显示，在野外测试中，MD除了引起焦虑样行为外，还引起了长期和短期记忆的衰退。这些动物的皮质海马组织形态学显示星形细胞密度增加和染色质溶解，并伴有超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶水平降低。维生素B复合物通过增强内在的抗氧化防御来减轻md引起的行为下降、组织形态扰动和氧化应激，从而最终导致促智行为和减少焦虑。结论证实了维生素B复合物对母体剥夺引起的神经病理改变具有神经保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Acute changes in cerebral blood flow after single-infusion ketamine in major depression: A pilot study 重度抑郁症患者单次输注氯胺酮后脑血流的急性变化:一项初步研究

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.08.006

Sara Gonzalez , Megha M. Vasavada , Stephanie Njau , Ashish K. Sahib , Randall Espinoza , Katherine L. Narr , Amber M. Leaver

Background

Ketamine provides rapid antidepressant response in those struggling with major depressive disorder (MDD). This study measured acute changes in brain activity over 24 h after a single infusion of ketamine using arterial spin labeled (ASL) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in patients with MDD. ASL is a novel technique that provides quantitative values to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF).

Methods

A single sub-anesthetic dose (0.5 mg/kg) of ketamine was delivered intravenously. Treatment-refractory patients (n = 11) were assessed at: Baseline (pre-infusion), and approximately 1 h, 6 h, and 24 h post-infusion. Linear mixed-effects models detected changes in CBF with respect to treatment outcome, and results were corrected for false discovery rate (FDR).

Results

After ketamine infusion, increased CBF was observed in the thalamus, while decreased CBF was observed in lateral occipital cortex in all patients. Time-by-response interactions were noted in ventral basal ganglia and medial prefrontal cortex, where CBF change differed according to antidepressant response.

Limitations

Modest sample size is a limitation of this pilot study; strict statistical correction and visualization of single-subject data attempted to ameliorate this issue.

Conclusion

In this pilot study, a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine was associated with acute neurofunctional changes that may be consistent with altered attention, specifically increased thalamus activity coupled with decreased cortical activity. By contrast, antidepressant response to ketamine was associated with changes in reward-system regions, specifically ventral basal ganglia and medial prefrontal cortex. Further work is needed to determine whether these results generalize to larger samples and/or serial ketamine infusions associated with longer-lasting clinical effects.

背景氯胺酮对重度抑郁症(MDD)患者提供了快速的抗抑郁反应。本研究使用动脉自旋标记(ASL)功能磁共振成像(fMRI)测量重度抑郁症患者单次输注氯胺酮后24小时内脑活动的急性变化。ASL是一种新颖的技术，提供定量值来测量脑血流量。方法静脉给予氯胺酮单次亚麻醉剂量(0.5 mg/kg)。治疗难治性患者(n = 11)在基线(输注前)、输注后约1小时、6小时和24小时进行评估。线性混合效应模型检测了CBF在治疗结果方面的变化，并根据错误发现率(FDR)对结果进行了校正。结果氯胺酮输注后，所有患者丘脑CBF增加，枕侧皮质CBF减少。在腹侧基底神经节和内侧前额叶皮层中发现了反应时间相互作用，其中CBF的变化因抗抑郁药反应而异。局限性:样本量太小是本初步研究的局限性;严格的统计校正和单一主题数据的可视化试图改善这一问题。在这项初步研究中，亚麻醉剂量的氯胺酮与急性神经功能改变有关，这种改变可能与注意力改变相一致，特别是丘脑活动增加，皮质活动减少。相比之下，对氯胺酮的抗抑郁反应与奖励系统区域的变化有关，特别是腹侧基底神经节和内侧前额叶皮层。需要进一步的工作来确定这些结果是否适用于更大的样本和/或与更持久的临床效果相关的连续氯胺酮输注。

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引用次数: 7

Mental health research in the lower-middle-income countries of Africa and Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review 2019冠状病毒病大流行期间非洲和亚洲中低收入国家的精神卫生研究:范围审查

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.10.003

Sujita Kumar Kar , Tosin Philip Oyetunji , Aathira J. Prakash , Olusegun Ayomikun Ogunmola , Sarvodaya Tripathy , Monsurat M. Lawal , Zainab K. Sanusi , S.M. Yasir Arafat

Background

Lower middle - income countries of Africa and Asia have accommodated a large portion of the world’s population, where mental health research has been under-prioritized. This study aimed to review all published research on mental health issues related to the COVID-19 pandemic in lower middle - income countries of the Afro-Asian region.

Methods

A search was conducted in the PubMed and PubMed Central databases using the terms "mental health," "psychiatric disorders," "COVID-19", "coronavirus," "Asia," "Africa," "Lower Middle-income countries." All articles published in the English language until 3^rd July 2020 were included.

Result

A total of 133 papers were found in lower-middle-income countries of Africa (n = 11) and Asia (n = 122), which discussed various aspects of mental health in the context of COVID-19. Most of the studies are cross-sectional studies that addressed mental morbidities, psychological reactions, stress, coping among the general population, and focused groups (healthcare workers, students, elderly, patients). Researchers attempted to develop and validate tools that measure certain psychological constructs (fear, anxiety) concerning COVID-19. Online surveys were the primary modality of researching this COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion

COVID-19 related mental health research is scarce in lower-middle-income countries of Africa and Asia. Available researches suggest that mental health challenges during this COVID-19 pandemic are enormous and need attention. There is a need for policy and recommendations to deal with the mental health challenges in lower middle - income countries of Africa and Asia.

背景:非洲和亚洲的中低收入国家容纳了世界上很大一部分人口，在这些国家，精神卫生研究一直没有得到充分重视。本研究旨在回顾所有已发表的关于亚非地区中低收入国家与COVID-19大流行相关的心理健康问题的研究。方法:使用“心理健康”、“精神障碍”、“COVID-19”、“冠状病毒”、“亚洲”、“非洲”、“中低收入国家”等术语在PubMed和PubMed Central数据库中进行搜索。所有在2020年7月3日之前以英语发表的文章都被纳入其中。结果:在非洲(n = 11)和亚洲(n = 122)中低收入国家共发现133篇论文，讨论了COVID-19背景下心理健康的各个方面。大多数研究是横断面研究，涉及一般人群和重点群体(卫生保健工作者、学生、老年人、患者)的精神发病率、心理反应、压力、应对。研究人员试图开发和验证测量与COVID-19有关的某些心理结构(恐惧、焦虑)的工具。在线调查是研究COVID-19大流行的主要方式。结论:在非洲和亚洲中低收入国家，与COVID-19相关的心理健康研究很少。现有研究表明，2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的心理健康挑战巨大，需要引起关注。有必要制定政策和建议，以应对非洲和亚洲中低收入国家的精神卫生挑战。

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引用次数: 32

Quality of Thai media reporting of suicidal behavior: Compliance against the World Health Organization media guidelines 泰国媒体对自杀行为的报道质量:对世界卫生组织媒体准则的遵守情况

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.09.003

Marthoenis Marthoenis , Hasina Akter , S.M. Yasir Arafat

Background

Although media reporting has influence on suicide there has no report in Thailand regarding the quality of media in reporting suicidal news.

Objectives

This study aimed to assess the quality of English language media reports of suicidal behaviors in Thailand against the World Health Organization (WHO) media guidelines.

Methods

We scrutinized the suicide news contents of four purposively selected English language newspapers in Thailand. Using Google search function of the online newspapers, the keywords of “suicide”, “hanging self”, and “drink poison” were used to search the suicide-related news contents.

Results

The vast majority of English newspapers in Thailand reported harmful information in reporting suicide-related news. Almost all reported locations where the suicide took place, methods of suicide, gender and age of the victim. Approximately one-fourth also showed a picture of the person who died by suicide.

Conclusions

The English online newspaper in Thailand did not follow the WHO media guidelines in reporting suicide news. Harmful information to the readers was presented in both title and content of the news. Meanwhile, potentially helpful information such as who to contact or where to seek help had been rarely reported.

虽然媒体报道对自杀有影响，但在泰国没有关于媒体报道自杀新闻质量的报道。目的本研究旨在对照世界卫生组织(WHO)媒体指南评估泰国自杀行为英文媒体报道的质量。方法对泰国四家英文报纸的自杀新闻内容进行分析。利用网络报纸谷歌搜索功能，以“自杀”、“上吊自杀”、“饮毒”等关键词搜索自杀相关新闻内容。结果泰国绝大多数英文报纸在报道自杀相关新闻时都存在有害信息。几乎所有人都报告了自杀发生的地点、自杀方式、受害者的性别和年龄。大约四分之一的人还展示了自杀者的照片。泰国的英文在线报纸在报道自杀新闻时没有遵循世卫组织媒体指南。这则新闻的标题和内容都给读者带来了有害的信息。与此同时，潜在的有用信息，如联系谁或在哪里寻求帮助，很少被报道。

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引用次数: 4

Emotion regulation strategies and psychological wellbeing: Examining cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression in an Emirati college sample 情绪调节策略和心理健康:在阿联酋大学样本中检查认知重评价和表达抑制

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.09.001

Zahir Vally , Khalid Ahmed

Background

Cognitive reappraisal (CR) and expressive suppression (ES) are emotion regulation strategies that have been demonstrated to be differentially associated with psychological wellbeing. However, this relationship has never been investigated in a Middle Eastern sample.

Method

As a contribution to the literature, we employed a cross-sectional design in which 147 college students in the United Arab Emirates were sampled (m_age = 21.37 years, SD = 4.76). We examined the extent to which CR and ES are used in this context and investigated the association between the use of these two emotion regulation strategies and affect (both positive and negative), flourishing, academic achievement, and social support.

Results

A series of hierarchical linear regressions indicated that the use of CR was positively associated with positive affect (β = 0.35), flourishing (β = 0.52), emotional coping (β = 0.15), and instrumental coping (β = 0.19), and negatively with negative affect (β = −0.20). ES was positively associated with negative affect (β = 0.20), and negatively with both emotional (β = −0.40) and instrumental coping (β = −0.24). Academic achievement was not significantly associated with either CR or ES.

Conclusions

This study finds that the use of emotion regulation strategies parallel those obtained elsewhere in the world. Despite cultural variations, participants in this sample also evidenced a preference for the use of CR during times of distress and its use is associated with elevated psychological wellbeing.

认知重评(CR)和表达抑制(ES)是两种情绪调节策略，已被证明与心理健康有不同的关系。然而，这种关系从未在中东样本中进行过调查。方法采用横断面设计，选取147名阿联酋大学生(年龄21.37岁，标准差 = 4.76)作为文献参考。我们研究了CR和ES在这种情况下的使用程度，并调查了这两种情绪调节策略的使用与情感(积极和消极)、成长、学业成就和社会支持之间的关系。结果一系列层次线性回归表明，CR的使用与积极情感(β = 0.35)、繁荣(β = 0.52)、情绪应对(β = 0.15)、工具应对(β = 0.19)呈正相关，与消极情感(β = - 0.20)呈负相关。ES与消极情绪呈正相关(β = 0.20)，与情绪应对(β = - 0.40)和工具性应对(β = - 0.24)呈负相关。学业成绩与CR或ES均无显著相关性。结论:本研究发现，情绪调节策略的使用与世界其他地方的相似。尽管存在文化差异，该样本中的参与者也证明了在痛苦时期使用CR的偏好，其使用与心理健康水平的提高有关。

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引用次数: 11

Cognitive impairment and its associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients on anti retro -viral therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis 撒哈拉以南非洲接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者的认知障碍及其相关因素:系统回顾和荟萃分析

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.11.002

Getachew Yideg Yitbarek , Gashaw Walle Ayehu , Belete Achamyelew Ayele , Wubet Alebachew Bayih , Alemayehu Digssie Gebremariam , Sofonyas Abebaw Tiruneh

Background

The nature of HIV-related Neurocognitive disorders has rapidly evolved with the widespread use of anti-retro viral treatment. The aim of this study was to estimate the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors in Sub -Saharan Africa using previous studies.

Methods

Databases, PubMed, Hinari, Google Scholar was used to search for potential studies. Data were extracted using MS excel and exported to STATA/MP version 16.0 for further analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was tested using Cochrane Q test statistics and I² test and small study effect were checked using Egger’s statistical test at 5 % significant level. Sensitivity analysis was checked. A random-effects model was employed to estimate the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment and its associated factors in Sub Saharan Africa.

Result

Twenty one studies included to estimate the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment in sub Saharan Africa. In random effects model, the pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment in sub Saharan Africa was 44.46 (95 % CI, 34.22, and 54.69). Level of education had significant association with cognitive impairment and those participants with below secondary education level are two times more likely to develop cognitive impairment compared to those who are diploma and above (POR = 2.33, 95 % CI, 1.42, 3.82). From random effects model estimates, the pooled odds of developing cognitive impairment among female were nearly 3 times than male (POR = 2.87, 95 % CI, 2.09, 3.95).

Conclusion

The pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment in Sub-Saharan Africa was significantly high. Sex and educational level of the participants were statistically significant factors for cognitive impairment. Based on the finding of this review, we recommend that continuous screening of cognitive impairment, identification of the possible risk factors, and proper management strategy should be designed in each Anti retro-viral therapy (ART) centers of Sub Saharan African countries.

随着抗逆转录病毒治疗的广泛使用，hiv相关神经认知障碍的性质迅速演变。本研究的目的是利用以往的研究估计撒哈拉以南非洲地区认知障碍的总体患病率及其相关因素。方法利用数据库、PubMed、Hinari、Google Scholar等检索潜在研究。使用MS excel提取数据，导出到STATA/MP version 16.0进行进一步分析。采用Cochrane Q检验统计量和I2检验检验研究间异质性，采用5%显著水平下的Egger统计检验检验小研究效应。进行敏感性分析。采用随机效应模型估计撒哈拉以南非洲地区认知障碍的总患病率及其相关因素。结果纳入21项研究，以估计撒哈拉以南非洲地区认知障碍的总患病率。在随机效应模型中，撒哈拉以南非洲地区认知障碍的总患病率为44.46 (95% CI, 34.22和54.69)。受教育程度与认知障碍有显著相关性，中等以下受教育程度的参与者发生认知障碍的可能性是大专及以上受教育程度者的两倍(POR = 2.33, 95% CI, 1.42, 3.82)。从随机效应模型估计，女性发生认知障碍的总几率是男性的近3倍(POR = 2.87, 95% CI, 2.09, 3.95)。结论撒哈拉以南非洲地区认知功能障碍总体患病率较高。性别和受教育程度是认知障碍的显著影响因素。基于本综述的发现，我们建议在撒哈拉以南非洲国家的每个抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)中心应持续筛查认知障碍，识别可能的危险因素，并制定适当的管理策略。

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引用次数: 5

Social cognition correlation to white matter integrity alteration in mirror neurons of schizophrenic patients: DTI study 精神分裂症患者镜像神经元白质完整性改变与社会认知的关系:DTI研究

Q3 Medicine

Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research

Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.npbr.2020.10.004

Heba Hamed ElShahawi , Hossam Moussa Sakr , Mostafa Ahmad Hashim , Hadeer Hassan Mohamed , Mai SeifElDin Abdeen

Background

It is postulated that mirror neurons (MNs) abnormalities are associated with social skills.

Objectives

Using DTI, altered structural connectivity and its association with social cognition in MNs-hub regions was investigated in schizophrenia in comparison to healthy.

Methods

Fifteen patients with schizophrenia in their first episode and 15 healthy controls were included in this study. They were subjected to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder (SCID-I), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), with special consideration to “Anhedonia and Asociality” subscale, Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) and a comprehensive cognitive assessment. DTI scans were acquired in patients and controls. FA and Trace of the regions of interest rich in mirror neurons were evaluated, i.e., anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and premotor cortex (PMC).

Results

A significant difference in Trace of these 3 regions was observed in schizophrenia patients. There were no group differences in FA. There was a significant positive correlation between the Trace of the right IPL and right and left PMA, with the “Anhedonia & Associability” subscale.

Conclusions

Mirror neuron system in schizophrenia patients might be connected to negative symptoms, more specifically, to social deficits.

背景假设镜像神经元(MNs)异常与社交技能有关。目的利用DTI研究精神分裂症患者与健康人的MNs-hub区域结构连接改变及其与社会认知的关系。方法选取15例首发精神分裂症患者和15例健康对照。他们接受了DSM-IV -I轴障碍的结构化临床访谈(SCID-I)，阴性症状评估量表(SANS)，特别考虑了“快感缺失和社会性”子量表，阳性症状评估量表(SAPS)和综合认知评估。对患者和对照组进行DTI扫描。对富镜像神经元的感兴趣区域，即前扣带皮层(ACC)、下顶叶(IPL)和运动前皮层(PMC)的FA和Trace进行了评估。结果在精神分裂症患者中，这3个区域的Trace有显著性差异。FA无组间差异。右IPL与左、右PMA呈显著正相关，与“快感缺乏”呈显著正相关。交感性”内部氧化物。结论精神分裂症患者的镜像神经元系统可能与阴性症状有关，更具体地说，与社会缺陷有关。

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引用次数: 2