Ryutaro Sudo, H. Kawahara, Y. Ochiai, K. Aoki, Masahiro Inayama
{"title":"Study on the Single Shear Performance of Nailed Joints for Structural Utilization of MDF I.","authors":"Ryutaro Sudo, H. Kawahara, Y. Ochiai, K. Aoki, Masahiro Inayama","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.201","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43964532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Nakagawa, K. Yanase, Takahiro Umeki, Rika Irimajiri, N. Fujimoto, Kuniyoshi Shimizu
Geothermal drying treatment is one of the wood drying methods. To investigate the quantitative change of terpenes in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) board caused by four drying treatments, extracts of sugi board dried by moderate-temperature, high-temperature, geothermal energy and air were analyzed by gas-chromatograph mass-spectrometer (GC/MS). Samples were prepared using a planer to plane dried boards (1-2 mm from the surface), and to extract the shavings with ethyl acetate. As a result, total extractive content detected by GC/MS did not differ among the drying treatments. However, content of β-Caryophllene and Thujopsene was higher in air-dried boards than in those dried by the other methods (p<0.05). Sandaracopimarinal and Ferruginol content was highest in geothermaldried board as compared to all drying methods. From the principal component analysis, a portion of terpenes in sugi board exposed to geothermal-drying treatment was similar to that of air-dried boards.
{"title":"Effect of Geothermal Drying Treatment on Extract Composition of Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) Board","authors":"T. Nakagawa, K. Yanase, Takahiro Umeki, Rika Irimajiri, N. Fujimoto, Kuniyoshi Shimizu","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.195","url":null,"abstract":"Geothermal drying treatment is one of the wood drying methods. To investigate the quantitative change of terpenes in sugi (Cryptomeria japonica) board caused by four drying treatments, extracts of sugi board dried by moderate-temperature, high-temperature, geothermal energy and air were analyzed by gas-chromatograph mass-spectrometer (GC/MS). Samples were prepared using a planer to plane dried boards (1-2 mm from the surface), and to extract the shavings with ethyl acetate. As a result, total extractive content detected by GC/MS did not differ among the drying treatments. However, content of β-Caryophllene and Thujopsene was higher in air-dried boards than in those dried by the other methods (p<0.05). Sandaracopimarinal and Ferruginol content was highest in geothermaldried board as compared to all drying methods. From the principal component analysis, a portion of terpenes in sugi board exposed to geothermal-drying treatment was similar to that of air-dried boards.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45804719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Index for Wood Bending Shapes","authors":"Chika Ishihara, H. Imanishi, K. Mitsui","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46721965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ryo Takase, H. Matsunaga, D. Kamikawa, K. Ando, Nobuaki Hattori
As a way of examining the uneven distribution of chemicals inside fire-retardant-impregnated wood, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent analysis (EDXRF) is thought to be effective. Slices of fireretardant-impregnated wood (Cryptomeria japonica) were subjected to EDXRF mapping under different conditions, and the results were correlated with the weight of chemical solids in the wood. The coefficient of determination increases when the dwell time is increased, or collimator size is optimized. Regardless of the measurement conditions, the relationship was not linear but had one-toone correspondence, so we concluded that EDXRF mapping can be an effective way of analyzing the distribution of chemicals inside fire-retardant-impregnated wood.
{"title":"A Mapping Method for Chemicals in Fire-Retardant-Impregnated Wood Using Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis I.","authors":"Ryo Takase, H. Matsunaga, D. Kamikawa, K. Ando, Nobuaki Hattori","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.218","url":null,"abstract":"As a way of examining the uneven distribution of chemicals inside fire-retardant-impregnated wood, energy dispersive X-ray fluorescent analysis (EDXRF) is thought to be effective. Slices of fireretardant-impregnated wood (Cryptomeria japonica) were subjected to EDXRF mapping under different conditions, and the results were correlated with the weight of chemical solids in the wood. The coefficient of determination increases when the dwell time is increased, or collimator size is optimized. Regardless of the measurement conditions, the relationship was not linear but had one-toone correspondence, so we concluded that EDXRF mapping can be an effective way of analyzing the distribution of chemicals inside fire-retardant-impregnated wood.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69067621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomoko Kuribayashi, Y. Ogawa, Y. Matsumoto, Y. Nishiyama
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. 200 °C Yoshiharu Nishiyama, Yu Ogawa, Tomoko Kuribayashi, Yuji Matsumoto
{"title":"Changes in Crystal Structure of Cellulose in Hardwood Cell Walls by Hydrothermal Treatment at 200 °C under 1.6 Mpa","authors":"Tomoko Kuribayashi, Y. Ogawa, Y. Matsumoto, Y. Nishiyama","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.212","url":null,"abstract":"HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. 200 °C Yoshiharu Nishiyama, Yu Ogawa, Tomoko Kuribayashi, Yuji Matsumoto","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2488/jwrs.65.212","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43077796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wood decay fungi can efficiently decompose and metabolize recalcitrant plant cell walls, which consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Their unique degradation processes and related enzymes have been extensively studied toward various industrial and environmental applications. The recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies and informatics have made more than 250 fungal genomes publicly available, and enabled comparative omics analyses to provide new insights regarding diversity of fungal wood degradation processes, their origins and evolutions. In this review, at first, the background of wood decay types and related enzymes was summarized, and then new insights on the molecular mechanism of the diversity of wood degradation by both white-rot and brown-rot fungi as disclosed from the current comparative genome analyses were presented. Moreover, the origin and evolutions of wood decay fungi based on molecular clock analyses were discussed.
{"title":"Origin and Diversity of Wood Decay Fungi Revealed by Genome-Based Analyses","authors":"C. Hori, Makoto Yoshida, K. Igarashi, M. Samejima","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.173","url":null,"abstract":"Wood decay fungi can efficiently decompose and metabolize recalcitrant plant cell walls, which consist of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Their unique degradation processes and related enzymes have been extensively studied toward various industrial and environmental applications. The recent advances in DNA sequencing technologies and informatics have made more than 250 fungal genomes publicly available, and enabled comparative omics analyses to provide new insights regarding diversity of fungal wood degradation processes, their origins and evolutions. In this review, at first, the background of wood decay types and related enzymes was summarized, and then new insights on the molecular mechanism of the diversity of wood degradation by both white-rot and brown-rot fungi as disclosed from the current comparative genome analyses were presented. Moreover, the origin and evolutions of wood decay fungi based on molecular clock analyses were discussed.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2488/jwrs.65.173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49538859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Fuchigami, Takaaki Kuyama, Hirotaka Komata, K. Kojiro, Y. Furuta
In order to identify the economic ripple effect on a local target area from the use of local wood, an input-output analysis of interindustry relationships was performed to calculate induced production values and induced gross added values for nine distribution scenarios. Our study was conducted by using an input-output table with Kyoto prefecture as the local target area. Final demand was assumed to be 8.132 million yen. As a result, the economic ripple effect was maximized in a scenario based on local production for local consumption （log production, lumber manufacturing and processing, and consumption all taking place within the prefecture）, and induced production value under this scenario was approximately 3.5 times greater than the value in an unadjusted scenario （a scenario that represents the current lumber distribution in Kyoto Prefecture）. Only four scenarios in which sites of manufacturing and processing were configured to be within the prefecture resulted in a ratio of induced production value greater than 1. While the production value was barely induced for silviculture and log production in scenarios in which log production occurs outside of the prefecture, the results show an induced production value of approximately 0.4 million yen and 1 million yen for silviculture and log production, respectively, in scenarios in which the production sites were located within the prefecture.
{"title":"Influence of Distribution Scenario of Local Wood on the Economic Ripple Effect in the Local Region","authors":"Yuki Fuchigami, Takaaki Kuyama, Hirotaka Komata, K. Kojiro, Y. Furuta","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.226","url":null,"abstract":"In order to identify the economic ripple effect on a local target area from the use of local wood, an input-output analysis of interindustry relationships was performed to calculate induced production values and induced gross added values for nine distribution scenarios. Our study was conducted by using an input-output table with Kyoto prefecture as the local target area. Final demand was assumed to be 8.132 million yen. As a result, the economic ripple effect was maximized in a scenario based on local production for local consumption （log production, lumber manufacturing and processing, and consumption all taking place within the prefecture）, and induced production value under this scenario was approximately 3.5 times greater than the value in an unadjusted scenario （a scenario that represents the current lumber distribution in Kyoto Prefecture）. Only four scenarios in which sites of manufacturing and processing were configured to be within the prefecture resulted in a ratio of induced production value greater than 1. While the production value was barely induced for silviculture and log production in scenarios in which log production occurs outside of the prefecture, the results show an induced production value of approximately 0.4 million yen and 1 million yen for silviculture and log production, respectively, in scenarios in which the production sites were located within the prefecture.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43751726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FRP reinforced glulam has been actively developed in USA and EU since 2000 to now. Our colleges also had developed AFRW （advanced fiber reinforced wood） in 2000, in Japan. We restarted to develop AFRW to help solve Japanese forestry problems, while aiming at future high quality timber buildings. Experiments aiming to lower the cost of AFRW were conducted with the parameters of CFRP reinforcement arrangements and the CFRP ratio, taking into account end joint processing. It was found that AFRW with only a bottom CFRP arrangement was economically effective when aiming at less than 1.5 times of bending stiffness, but AFRW with both top and bottom CFRP arrangement was economically effective when aiming at more than 1.7 times of bending stiffness. New types of CFRP arrangements for AFRW edges were developed, and were demonstrated to have the same mechanical properties as fully arranged CFRP sheets against the longitudinal and width directions of the AFRW. (cid:9487)(cid:9513)(cid:9533)(cid:9531)(cid:9523)(cid:9526)(cid:9512)(cid:9527) : Fiber Reinforced Wood, Arrangement of CFRP, Mechanical property, Glued laminated Timber.
{"title":"Bending Stiffness and Strength of Reinforcement Arrangements for CFRP Reinforced Glulam (AFRW)","authors":"Y. Mizuta, Satoshi Nagase, D. Ozaki, M. Noguchi","doi":"10.2488/JWRS.65.148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/JWRS.65.148","url":null,"abstract":"FRP reinforced glulam has been actively developed in USA and EU since 2000 to now. Our colleges also had developed AFRW （advanced fiber reinforced wood） in 2000, in Japan. We restarted to develop AFRW to help solve Japanese forestry problems, while aiming at future high quality timber buildings. Experiments aiming to lower the cost of AFRW were conducted with the parameters of CFRP reinforcement arrangements and the CFRP ratio, taking into account end joint processing. It was found that AFRW with only a bottom CFRP arrangement was economically effective when aiming at less than 1.5 times of bending stiffness, but AFRW with both top and bottom CFRP arrangement was economically effective when aiming at more than 1.7 times of bending stiffness. New types of CFRP arrangements for AFRW edges were developed, and were demonstrated to have the same mechanical properties as fully arranged CFRP sheets against the longitudinal and width directions of the AFRW. (cid:9487)(cid:9513)(cid:9533)(cid:9531)(cid:9523)(cid:9526)(cid:9512)(cid:9527) : Fiber Reinforced Wood, Arrangement of CFRP, Mechanical property, Glued laminated Timber.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42005470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuki Fuchigami, Yuki Kimura, Hirotaka Komata, F. Sasaki, Y. Furuta
{"title":"Erratum to: Economic Repercussions of Using Local Wood Products for Public Buildings [Mokuzai Gakkaishi Vol.61 (2015) No.5 p.326-334]","authors":"Yuki Fuchigami, Yuki Kimura, Hirotaka Komata, F. Sasaki, Y. Furuta","doi":"10.2488/jwrs.65.166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/jwrs.65.166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48700825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kentaro Tsukada, Y. Yamagishi, E. Nabeshima, Michito Hosaka, K. Okada, H. Rahman, Satoshi Nakaba, M. Tabata, R. Funada
Resin and sap of lacquer trees (Toxicodendron vernicifluum) are called “Urushi”. Urushi has been used for paints or adhesives since the Jomon period in Japan. Since it is prospective that demand for domestic Urushi for preservation of cultural property will increase, the mass production of seedlings of T. vernicifluum of high quality is important. We initially cultured immature zygotic embryos from immature fruits on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as an auxin supplemented with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Somatic embryos were induced directly from immature zygotic embryos and secondary somatic embryos were induced from somatic embryos. Some secondary somatic embryos formed roots and hypocotyls. Finally, we transferred the secondary somatic embryo-derived plantlets to soil in pots and the plantlets continued to grow. Thus, we developed a tissue culture system for plant regeneration for the propagation of T. vernicifluum.
{"title":"Study of Plant Regeneration by Tissue Culture from Immature Embryos of the Lacquer Tree, Toxicodendron vernicifluum","authors":"Kentaro Tsukada, Y. Yamagishi, E. Nabeshima, Michito Hosaka, K. Okada, H. Rahman, Satoshi Nakaba, M. Tabata, R. Funada","doi":"10.2488/JWRS.65.125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2488/JWRS.65.125","url":null,"abstract":"Resin and sap of lacquer trees (Toxicodendron vernicifluum) are called “Urushi”. Urushi has been used for paints or adhesives since the Jomon period in Japan. Since it is prospective that demand for domestic Urushi for preservation of cultural property will increase, the mass production of seedlings of T. vernicifluum of high quality is important. We initially cultured immature zygotic embryos from immature fruits on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), α -naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) as an auxin supplemented with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Somatic embryos were induced directly from immature zygotic embryos and secondary somatic embryos were induced from somatic embryos. Some secondary somatic embryos formed roots and hypocotyls. Finally, we transferred the secondary somatic embryo-derived plantlets to soil in pots and the plantlets continued to grow. Thus, we developed a tissue culture system for plant regeneration for the propagation of T. vernicifluum.","PeriodicalId":49800,"journal":{"name":"Mokuzai Gakkaishi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2488/JWRS.65.125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45348974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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