Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15364
Dan Jiang, Lianlian (Dorothy) Jiang, Jackie London, V. Grover, Heshan Sun
It has been argued that the theory borrowing practices in IS research have become workmanlike—appropriate and effective, but lacking innovation. This concern is particularly salient at a time when digital phenomena are profoundly transforming society. Therefore, it is legitimate to ask: Are our theory borrowing practices hampering our ability to grapple with revolutionary developments in IS, and if so, what can be done? Through an investigation of the field’s borrowing of transaction cost economics theory, we find extant IS research largely (1) borrows for theory testing within the IS context, (2) develops models that uninspiringly reflect the borrowed theory, and (3) treats the IS as an exogenous actor. In this article, we propose an alternative approach to theory borrowing, inspired by conceptual blending theory. Our approach focuses on the structural nature of IS phenomena and borrowed theories. Such a structure-based approach can reveal correspondence between IS phenomena and unexpected reference theories while also highlighting discrepancies that serve as an opportunity for novel integrations of an information system into the reference theory. We contend that this approach can infuse flexibility into our theory borrowing practices in ways that will increase our capacity for developing innovative explanations of emerging phenomena.
{"title":"Everything Old Can Be New Again: Reinvigorating Theory Borrowing for the Digital Age","authors":"Dan Jiang, Lianlian (Dorothy) Jiang, Jackie London, V. Grover, Heshan Sun","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/15364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15364","url":null,"abstract":"It has been argued that the theory borrowing practices in IS research have become workmanlike—appropriate and effective, but lacking innovation. This concern is particularly salient at a time when digital phenomena are profoundly transforming society. Therefore, it is legitimate to ask: Are our theory borrowing practices hampering our ability to grapple with revolutionary developments in IS, and if so, what can be done? Through an investigation of the field’s borrowing of transaction cost economics theory, we find extant IS research largely (1) borrows for theory testing within the IS context, (2) develops models that uninspiringly reflect the borrowed theory, and (3) treats the IS as an exogenous actor. In this article, we propose an alternative approach to theory borrowing, inspired by conceptual blending theory. Our approach focuses on the structural nature of IS phenomena and borrowed theories. Such a structure-based approach can reveal correspondence between IS phenomena and unexpected reference theories while also highlighting discrepancies that serve as an opportunity for novel integrations of an information system into the reference theory. We contend that this approach can infuse flexibility into our theory borrowing practices in ways that will increase our capacity for developing innovative explanations of emerging phenomena.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47604958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/16178
Swanand J. Deodhar, Yash Babar, Gordon Burtch
In many instances, online contest platforms rely on contestants to ensure submission quality. This scalable evaluation mechanism offers a collective benefit. However, contestants may also leverage it to achieve personal, competitive benefits. Our study examines this tension from a status-theoretic perspective, suggesting that the conflict between competitive and collective benefits, and the net implication for evaluation efficacy, is influenced by contestants’ status. On the one hand, contestants of lower status may be viewed as less skilled and hence more likely to make mistakes. Therefore, low-status contestants may attract more evaluations if said evaluations are driven predominantly by an interest in collective benefits. On the other hand, if evaluations are driven largely by an interest in personal, competitive benefits, a low-status contestant makes for a less attractive target and hence may attract fewer evaluations. We empirically test these competing possibilities using a dataset of coding contests from Codeforces. The platform allows contestants to assess others’ submissions and improve evaluations (a collective benefit) by devising test cases (hacks) in addition to those defined by the contest organizer. If a submission is successfully hacked, the hacker earns additional points, and the target submission is eliminated from the contest (a competitive benefit). We begin by providing qualitative evidence based on semi-structured interviews conducted with contestants spanning the status spectrum at Codeforces. Next, we present quantitative evidence exploiting a structural change at Codeforces wherein many contestants experienced an arbitrary status reduction unrelated to their performance because of sudden changes to the platform’s color-coding system around contestant ratings. We show that status-loser contestants received systematically more evaluations from other contestants, absent changes in their short-run submission quality. Finally, we show that the excess evaluations allocated toward affected contestants were less effective, indicating status-driven evaluations as potentially less efficacious. We discuss the implications of our findings for managing evaluation processes in online contests.
{"title":"The Influence of Status on Evaluations: Evidence from Online Coding Contests","authors":"Swanand J. Deodhar, Yash Babar, Gordon Burtch","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/16178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/16178","url":null,"abstract":"In many instances, online contest platforms rely on contestants to ensure submission quality. This scalable evaluation mechanism offers a collective benefit. However, contestants may also leverage it to achieve personal, competitive benefits. Our study examines this tension from a status-theoretic perspective, suggesting that the conflict between competitive and collective benefits, and the net implication for evaluation efficacy, is influenced by contestants’ status. On the one hand, contestants of lower status may be viewed as less skilled and hence more likely to make mistakes. Therefore, low-status contestants may attract more evaluations if said evaluations are driven predominantly by an interest in collective benefits. On the other hand, if evaluations are driven largely by an interest in personal, competitive benefits, a low-status contestant makes for a less attractive target and hence may attract fewer evaluations. We empirically test these competing possibilities using a dataset of coding contests from Codeforces. The platform allows contestants to assess others’ submissions and improve evaluations (a collective benefit) by devising test cases (hacks) in addition to those defined by the contest organizer. If a submission is successfully hacked, the hacker earns additional points, and the target submission is eliminated from the contest (a competitive benefit). We begin by providing qualitative evidence based on semi-structured interviews conducted with contestants spanning the status spectrum at Codeforces. Next, we present quantitative evidence exploiting a structural change at Codeforces wherein many contestants experienced an arbitrary status reduction unrelated to their performance because of sudden changes to the platform’s color-coding system around contestant ratings. We show that status-loser contestants received systematically more evaluations from other contestants, absent changes in their short-run submission quality. Finally, we show that the excess evaluations allocated toward affected contestants were less effective, indicating status-driven evaluations as potentially less efficacious. We discuss the implications of our findings for managing evaluation processes in online contests.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48770702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/16609
H. Nikkhah, V. Grover
Companies may face serious adverse consequences as a result of a data breach event. To repair the potential damage to relationships with stakeholders after data breaches, companies adopt a variety of response strategies. However, the effects of these response strategies on the behavior of stakeholders after a data breach are unclear; differences in response times may also affect these outcomes, depending on the notification laws that apply to each company. As part of a multimethod study, we first identified the adopted response strategies in Study 1 based on content analysis of the response letters issued by publicly traded U.S. companies (n = 204) following data breaches; these strategies include any combination of the following: corrective action, apology, and compensation. We also found that breached companies may remain silent and adopt a “no action” strategy. In Studies 2 and 3, we examined the effects of various response strategies and response times on the predominant stakeholders affected by data breaches: customers and investors. In Study 2, we focused on customers and present a moderated-moderated-mediation model based on the expectancy violation theory. To test this model, we designed a factorial survey with 15 different conditions (n = 811). In Study 3, we focused on investors and conducted an event study (n = 166) to examine their reactions to company responses to data breaches. The results indicate the presence of moderating effects of certain response strategies; surprisingly, we did not find compensation to be more effective than apology. The magnitude of the moderating effects of response strategies is contingent upon response time. We also found that the negative effects of data breaches disappear after six months. We interpret the results and provide implications for research and practice.
{"title":"An Empirical Investigation of Company Response to Data Breaches","authors":"H. Nikkhah, V. Grover","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/16609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/16609","url":null,"abstract":"Companies may face serious adverse consequences as a result of a data breach event. To repair the potential damage to relationships with stakeholders after data breaches, companies adopt a variety of response strategies. However, the effects of these response strategies on the behavior of stakeholders after a data breach are unclear; differences in response times may also affect these outcomes, depending on the notification laws that apply to each company. As part of a multimethod study, we first identified the adopted response strategies in Study 1 based on content analysis of the response letters issued by publicly traded U.S. companies (n = 204) following data breaches; these strategies include any combination of the following: corrective action, apology, and compensation. We also found that breached companies may remain silent and adopt a “no action” strategy. In Studies 2 and 3, we examined the effects of various response strategies and response times on the predominant stakeholders affected by data breaches: customers and investors. In Study 2, we focused on customers and present a moderated-moderated-mediation model based on the expectancy violation theory. To test this model, we designed a factorial survey with 15 different conditions (n = 811). In Study 3, we focused on investors and conducted an event study (n = 166) to examine their reactions to company responses to data breaches. The results indicate the presence of moderating effects of certain response strategies; surprisingly, we did not find compensation to be more effective than apology. The magnitude of the moderating effects of response strategies is contingent upon response time. We also found that the negative effects of data breaches disappear after six months. We interpret the results and provide implications for research and practice.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48121398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/16122
Junjie Zhou, R. Kishore, L. Amo, Cheng Ye
Online markets for mental health care (OMMH) allow clients to connect remotely with counselors to receive psychological therapy. Rooted in signaling theory and in the specific context of an OMMH, we theorize relative credibility of signals as the boundary condition that determines whether the demonstration signal of responsiveness to client questions substitutes or complements the two description signals of professional qualifications and counseling style in predicting market demand for counselors from new clients in an OMMH. Based on a panel dataset of 823 observations from 309 counselors participating on YiXinLi, a leading OMMH in China, we tested our hypotheses using linguistic and sentiment analysis methods and zero-inflated negative binomial models. We found broad support for nine out of ten hypotheses. Findings are robust with respect to different measures of variables, potential endogeneity from the simultaneity of responsiveness and counselor demand, and potential selection bias from both observable and endogenous covariates. Our study extends the literature on signaling in online markets in the unique context of OMMH by showing that: (1) relative credibility of signals is the boundary condition that determines when a demonstration signal will complement and when it will substitute for a description signal, (2) previous clients’ feedback on counselors’ empathy and warmth was deemed not credible by new clients in the context of online counseling, and (3) responsiveness to client questions is the most influential predictor of market demand from new clients in an OMMH.
{"title":"Description and Demonstration Signals as Complements and Substitutes in an Online Market for Mental Health Care","authors":"Junjie Zhou, R. Kishore, L. Amo, Cheng Ye","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/16122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/16122","url":null,"abstract":"Online markets for mental health care (OMMH) allow clients to connect remotely with counselors to receive psychological therapy. Rooted in signaling theory and in the specific context of an OMMH, we theorize relative credibility of signals as the boundary condition that determines whether the demonstration signal of responsiveness to client questions substitutes or complements the two description signals of professional qualifications and counseling style in predicting market demand for counselors from new clients in an OMMH. Based on a panel dataset of 823 observations from 309 counselors participating on YiXinLi, a leading OMMH in China, we tested our hypotheses using linguistic and sentiment analysis methods and zero-inflated negative binomial models. We found broad support for nine out of ten hypotheses. Findings are robust with respect to different measures of variables, potential endogeneity from the simultaneity of responsiveness and counselor demand, and potential selection bias from both observable and endogenous covariates. Our study extends the literature on signaling in online markets in the unique context of OMMH by showing that: (1) relative credibility of signals is the boundary condition that determines when a demonstration signal will complement and when it will substitute for a description signal, (2) previous clients’ feedback on counselors’ empathy and warmth was deemed not credible by new clients in the context of online counseling, and (3) responsiveness to client questions is the most influential predictor of market demand from new clients in an OMMH.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15214
L. Rhue, Jessica Clark
The display of personal information in crowdfunding campaigns is vital for facilitating trust; however, this information often communicates the racial identity of the fundraiser. We study the relationship between racial cues and crowdfunding success. Using data from more than 100,000 projects gathered from Kickstarter.com, we categorized racial cues as creator-based versus product-based. For each category, we derived racial cues in two different mediums: photo vs. textual. We used propensity score matching to estimate the effects of racial identity across racial groups, categories, and mediums. We found that the category of racial cues is associated with crowdfunding success. Projects with either creator-based or product-based cues of African American identity had lower success rates. In contrast, creator-based cues of Asian identity were associated with lower levels of success whereas product-based cues were associated with increased success. Furthermore, when product-based cues and creator-based cues were misaligned, we found that the outcomes more closely followed those associated with product-based cues, suggesting that backers are more attuned to product attributes. Our results also suggest that racial anonymity correlates with higher success rates, as compared to African American and Asian racial cues. Our study contributes to the understanding of racial identity on digital platforms across multiple contexts, mediums, and racial groups.
{"title":"Who Are You and What Are You Selling? Creator-Based and Product-Based Racial Cues in Crowdfunding","authors":"L. Rhue, Jessica Clark","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/15214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15214","url":null,"abstract":"The display of personal information in crowdfunding campaigns is vital for facilitating trust; however, this information often communicates the racial identity of the fundraiser. We study the relationship between racial cues and crowdfunding success. Using data from more than 100,000 projects gathered from Kickstarter.com, we categorized racial cues as creator-based versus product-based. For each category, we derived racial cues in two different mediums: photo vs. textual. We used propensity score matching to estimate the effects of racial identity across racial groups, categories, and mediums. We found that the category of racial cues is associated with crowdfunding success. Projects with either creator-based or product-based cues of African American identity had lower success rates. In contrast, creator-based cues of Asian identity were associated with lower levels of success whereas product-based cues were associated with increased success. Furthermore, when product-based cues and creator-based cues were misaligned, we found that the outcomes more closely followed those associated with product-based cues, suggesting that backers are more attuned to product attributes. Our results also suggest that racial anonymity correlates with higher success rates, as compared to African American and Asian racial cues. Our study contributes to the understanding of racial identity on digital platforms across multiple contexts, mediums, and racial groups.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44494686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15455
Yingda Lu, J. Wu, Yong-Kok Tan, Jing Chen
In recent years, there has been a heated discussion on opinion polarization on social media platforms. Extant research attributes the emergence of echo chambers to higher exposure to information from users’ existing social networks, which consists of like-minded others and argues that the provision of information from outside users’ networks could alleviate opinion polarization. In this paper, we formulate a hierarchical Bayesian learning model to investigate the impact of replies, one of the main channels for information outside of users’ networks, on opinion polarization. We leverage a unique natural experiment contained in the data from a leading microblogging website in China in which the reply function was shut down for three days. This setting allows us to identify the impact of replies from that of peer microblogs. We found that shutting down reply function reduced sentiment polarization on the microblogging site. In addition, this effect was more significant for individuals with higher social media participation. The results of this study shed light on marketing campaign strategies as well as the ways in which platform design can reduce polarization.
{"title":"Microblogging Replies and Opinion Polarization: A Natural Experiment","authors":"Yingda Lu, J. Wu, Yong-Kok Tan, Jing Chen","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/15455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15455","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been a heated discussion on opinion polarization on social media platforms. Extant research attributes the emergence of echo chambers to higher exposure to information from users’ existing social networks, which consists of like-minded others and argues that the provision of information from outside users’ networks could alleviate opinion polarization. In this paper, we formulate a hierarchical Bayesian learning model to investigate the impact of replies, one of the main channels for information outside of users’ networks, on opinion polarization. We leverage a unique natural experiment contained in the data from a leading microblogging website in China in which the reply function was shut down for three days. This setting allows us to identify the impact of replies from that of peer microblogs. We found that shutting down reply function reduced sentiment polarization on the microblogging site. In addition, this effect was more significant for individuals with higher social media participation. The results of this study shed light on marketing campaign strategies as well as the ways in which platform design can reduce polarization.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46654909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15511
Anthony Vance, David Eargle, D. Eggett, D. Straub, Kirk Ouimet
Weak passwords are one of the most pervasive threats in cybersecurity. Facing this threat, users require guidance on how to protect themselves. A method frequently used by IS practitioners and researchers to provide this guidance is fear appeals, persuasive messages intended to prompt behavioral changes in response to a threat. However, previous research has not considered a key element of fear appeal effectiveness: task primacy. When fear appeals are a part of the primary or focal task, users’ cognitive engagement will be high by default. However, when fear appeals are delivered as secondary tasks, such as interruptive security messages, users’ engagement is likely to be low because the primary task takes priority in attentional and cognitive resources. In such cases, a remedy is needed to elicit engagement with the fear appeal. In this research note, we theorize that cognitive engagement acts as a contextual moderator that is critical to the effectiveness of fear appeals under the boundary condition of task primacy. Further, we theorize that interactivity, a mechanism that adapts message content through tailored real-time feedback in response to a user’s actions, is a key remedy to enhance engagement with fear appeals. However, to date fear appeals have largely been tested in noninteractive primary tasks, and no study has provided a theoretical explanation for why interactivity enhances the power of a fear appeal. We empirically examined engagement as a contextual moderator in two ways. First, we conducted a field experiment, which manipulated messages on a password creation form on a real-world website. Second, we performed a qualitative focus group study to triangulate the experimental results and more fully reify our theoretical model. Together, the findings reveal that interactivity acts as a catalyst to engage participants with a fear appeal, which then allows the persuasive message of the fear appeal to be internalized. The concepts of boundary condition of task primacy and engagement suggest ways that fear appeals can be more effectively applied in research and practice.
{"title":"Do Security Fear Appeals Work When They Interrupt Tasks? A Multi-Method Examination of Password Strength","authors":"Anthony Vance, David Eargle, D. Eggett, D. Straub, Kirk Ouimet","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/15511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15511","url":null,"abstract":"Weak passwords are one of the most pervasive threats in cybersecurity. Facing this threat, users require guidance on how to protect themselves. A method frequently used by IS practitioners and researchers to provide this guidance is fear appeals, persuasive messages intended to prompt behavioral changes in response to a threat. However, previous research has not considered a key element of fear appeal effectiveness: task primacy. When fear appeals are a part of the primary or focal task, users’ cognitive engagement will be high by default. However, when fear appeals are delivered as secondary tasks, such as interruptive security messages, users’ engagement is likely to be low because the primary task takes priority in attentional and cognitive resources. In such cases, a remedy is needed to elicit engagement with the fear appeal. In this research note, we theorize that cognitive engagement acts as a contextual moderator that is critical to the effectiveness of fear appeals under the boundary condition of task primacy. Further, we theorize that interactivity, a mechanism that adapts message content through tailored real-time feedback in response to a user’s actions, is a key remedy to enhance engagement with fear appeals. However, to date fear appeals have largely been tested in noninteractive primary tasks, and no study has provided a theoretical explanation for why interactivity enhances the power of a fear appeal. We empirically examined engagement as a contextual moderator in two ways. First, we conducted a field experiment, which manipulated messages on a password creation form on a real-world website. Second, we performed a qualitative focus group study to triangulate the experimental results and more fully reify our theoretical model. Together, the findings reveal that interactivity acts as a catalyst to engage participants with a fear appeal, which then allows the persuasive message of the fear appeal to be internalized. The concepts of boundary condition of task primacy and engagement suggest ways that fear appeals can be more effectively applied in research and practice.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46579013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15763
Shuo Yu, Yidong Chai, Hsinchun Chen, Scott Sherman, Randall A. Brown
Advancing the quality of healthcare for senior citizens with chronic conditions is of great social relevance. To better manage chronic conditions, objective, convenient, and inexpensive wearable sensor- based information systems (IS) have been increasingly used by researchers and practitioners. However, existing models often focus on a single aspect of chronic conditions and are often “black boxes” with limited interpretability. In this research, we adopt the computational design science paradigm and propose a novel adversarial attention-based deep multisource multitask learning (AADMML) framework. Drawing upon deep learning, multitask learning, multisource learning, attention mechanism, and adversarial learning, AADMML addresses limitations with existing wearable sensor-based chronic condition severity assessment methods. Choosing Parkinson’s disease (PD) as our test case because of its prevalence and societal significance, we conduct benchmark experiments to evaluate AADMML against state-of-the-art models on a large-scale dataset containing thousands of instances. We present three case studies to demonstrate the practical utility and economic benefits of AADMML and by applying it to detect early-stage PD. We discuss how our work is related to the IS knowledge base and its practical implications. This work can contribute to improved life quality for senior citizens and advance IS research in mobile health analytics.
{"title":"Wearable Sensor-Based Chronic Condition Severity Assessment: An Adversarial Attention-Based Deep Multisource Multitask Learning Approach","authors":"Shuo Yu, Yidong Chai, Hsinchun Chen, Scott Sherman, Randall A. Brown","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/15763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/15763","url":null,"abstract":"Advancing the quality of healthcare for senior citizens with chronic conditions is of great social relevance. To better manage chronic conditions, objective, convenient, and inexpensive wearable sensor- based information systems (IS) have been increasingly used by researchers and practitioners. However, existing models often focus on a single aspect of chronic conditions and are often “black boxes” with limited interpretability. In this research, we adopt the computational design science paradigm and propose a novel adversarial attention-based deep multisource multitask learning (AADMML) framework. Drawing upon deep learning, multitask learning, multisource learning, attention mechanism, and adversarial learning, AADMML addresses limitations with existing wearable sensor-based chronic condition severity assessment methods. Choosing Parkinson’s disease (PD) as our test case because of its prevalence and societal significance, we conduct benchmark experiments to evaluate AADMML against state-of-the-art models on a large-scale dataset containing thousands of instances. We present three case studies to demonstrate the practical utility and economic benefits of AADMML and by applying it to detect early-stage PD. We discuss how our work is related to the IS knowledge base and its practical implications. This work can contribute to improved life quality for senior citizens and advance IS research in mobile health analytics.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45978638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/16026
J. Lehmann, J. Recker, Youngjin Yoo, Christoph Rosenkranz
Digital ventures must navigate a key tension as they design new digital market offerings—that is, products or services that are embodied in digital technologies or enabled by them. On the one hand, digital ventures pursue a vision that builds on what might be possible through the generative potential that digital technology offers; on the other hand, they face an environment in the here and now, with existing customer preferences, extant regulations, and legacy technology. Taking a designing view, we trace how six independent digital ventures in the German financial services industry dealt with this tension as they created their digital market offerings. Our findings suggest that digital ventures enact three designing mechanisms to resolve the tension: bounding the technology scope, transposing through digital objects, and probing the solution space. Through these mechanisms, digital ventures construct a buffer—one that has functional, material, and temporal dimensions—between the vision they gradually realize through their market offering and the here-and-now conditions of the environment that digital ventures enter.
{"title":"Designing Digital Market Offerings: How Digital Ventures Navigate the Tension Between Generative Digital Technology and the Current Environment","authors":"J. Lehmann, J. Recker, Youngjin Yoo, Christoph Rosenkranz","doi":"10.25300/misq/2022/16026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25300/misq/2022/16026","url":null,"abstract":"Digital ventures must navigate a key tension as they design new digital market offerings—that is, products or services that are embodied in digital technologies or enabled by them. On the one hand, digital ventures pursue a vision that builds on what might be possible through the generative potential that digital technology offers; on the other hand, they face an environment in the here and now, with existing customer preferences, extant regulations, and legacy technology. Taking a designing view, we trace how six independent digital ventures in the German financial services industry dealt with this tension as they created their digital market offerings. Our findings suggest that digital ventures enact three designing mechanisms to resolve the tension: bounding the technology scope, transposing through digital objects, and probing the solution space. Through these mechanisms, digital ventures construct a buffer—one that has functional, material, and temporal dimensions—between the vision they gradually realize through their market offering and the here-and-now conditions of the environment that digital ventures enter.","PeriodicalId":49807,"journal":{"name":"Mis Quarterly","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45140201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.25300/misq/2022/15736
S. Miranda, D. Wang, C. Tian
Innovation breakthroughs prompt sensemaking discourses that promote community learning and socially construct the innovation. Through this discourse, interested actors advance diverse frames, appealing to consumers with disparate preferences but raising concerns for the coherence of that discourse. We unpack this diversity-coherence paradox by recasting coherence as the relatedness of innovation frames and spotlighting the role of discursive fields that circumscribe meaning. Our empirical context is the first six years of blockchain discourse across seven discursive fields. Our research offers three insights in furtherance of an ecological perspective on innovation discourse. First, framing diversity emanates from discursive fields rather than from actors. Second, fields play differentiated roles in the framing process. Enactment fields comprised of actors with direct experience with the technology limit diversity. They do so by erecting walls that circumscribe discourse through imprinting on their original frame and retracting from or abandoning frames learned from other fields. In contrast, mediated fields, in which actors lack direct experience with the technology, enhance diversity. They do so by imitating or learning from other fields and foreshadowing or anticipating the frames used by other fields, thereby building bridges. Third, rather than opposing each other, diversity and coherence coevolve as the diversity induced by mediated fields increases framing redundancies, synthesizing frames into a coherent community understanding of the innovation. Our research signals to the actors who serve as innovation ambassadors and gatekeepers that diverse views of an innovation are not only inevitable, given the many discourse fields in which those views are formulated, but can also be coherent and desirable.
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