Pub Date : 2025-02-28DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104318
Ammar A. Alsheghri , Ali N. Abdalla , Basel Mokahhal , Arthur R.G. Cortes , Jesús Torres Garcia-Denche , Alicia Celemin , Rocio Cascos , Jun Song , Faleh Tamimi
Implant peak insertion torque is a commonly used indication of primary stability that dentists rely on to make clinical decisions. The aim of this manuscript is to model the peak torque required for dental implant insertion based on clinical data such as bone properties, implant properties, and drilling procedure. A total of 116 parallel-walled Sweden and Martina dental implants were included in this study. Parameters such as age, sex, bone quality (derived from radiographs), applied peak insertion torque, implant location, implant length, final drill diameter, and implant diameter were recorded. Six data-driven regression models were trained and tested using different combinations of the clinical data to predict the peak torque. A physics-based model was also derived for the peak torque and compared with the data-driven models. The neural network model with early stopping achieved the best accuracy in predicting the clinically measured torque (R2 = 0.7692, MSE = 0.08815). Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that it is possible to predict the peak torque required for implant placement based on the patient's radiographs, implant's properties, and drill diameter. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for dentists in choosing drilling parameters for dental implant surgeries.
{"title":"Development of a peak insertion torque prediction model for parallel-walled dental implants","authors":"Ammar A. Alsheghri , Ali N. Abdalla , Basel Mokahhal , Arthur R.G. Cortes , Jesús Torres Garcia-Denche , Alicia Celemin , Rocio Cascos , Jun Song , Faleh Tamimi","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Implant peak insertion torque is a commonly used indication of primary stability that dentists rely on to make clinical decisions. The aim of this manuscript is to model the peak torque required for dental implant insertion based on clinical data such as bone properties, implant properties, and drilling procedure. A total of 116 parallel-walled Sweden and Martina dental implants were included in this study. Parameters such as age, sex, bone quality (derived from radiographs), applied peak insertion torque, implant location, implant length, final drill diameter, and implant diameter were recorded. Six data-driven regression models were trained and tested using different combinations of the clinical data to predict the peak torque. A physics-based model was also derived for the peak torque and compared with the data-driven models. The neural network model with early stopping achieved the best accuracy in predicting the clinically measured torque (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7692, MSE = 0.08815). Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that it is possible to predict the peak torque required for implant placement based on the patient's radiographs, implant's properties, and drill diameter. The findings of this study can serve as a reference for dentists in choosing drilling parameters for dental implant surgeries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daily life activities entail the coordinated movement of both hands. Although devices for evaluating the function of one hand are available, in addition, there are currently some limitations in devices for quantitatively evaluating the two-hand movement. This study aimed to develop and examine the validity of a device, called the bottle-type sensor, which can simultaneously measure two-hand movements.
A bottle-type sensor was created by wrapping a newly developed high-precision flexible sensor sheet around a three-dimensional-printed cap and body part. The force component of each sensor was calculated from the load data, and the loads for each finger were summed. Thirty healthy adults participated in the study, 21 for validity and 9 for reliability. In the validity studies, the values for the body and cap part of the bottle-type sensor were correlated with the grip and pinch forces. For reliability studies, the intraclass correlation coefficient 2, 3 were calculated comparing the results after a day.
Significant positive correlations with the body and cap parts of the bottle-type sensor were found for the grip and pinch forces. Reliability studies revealed that the body part of the bottle-type sensor had an ICC of >0.75. However, the cap part had an ICC of <0.75, which was insufficient.
The bottle-type sensor developed in this study showed significant correlations with the grip and pinch forces, but the cap part did not yield satisfactory results in terms of reliability. In the future, the usefulness of the bottle-type sensor needs to be clarified by improving the cap part, as well as by evaluating it during two-hand movements and measuring it in patients with various diseases.
{"title":"Development of a bottle-type sensor measuring two-hand movement","authors":"Soshiro Kashima , Keisuke Irie , Daiki Watanabe , Shunsuke Kanazawa , Sei Uemura , Momoko Nagai-Tanima , Tomoki Aoyama","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104315","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104315","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Daily life activities entail the coordinated movement of both hands. Although devices for evaluating the function of one hand are available, in addition, there are currently some limitations in devices for quantitatively evaluating the two-hand movement. This study aimed to develop and examine the validity of a device, called the bottle-type sensor, which can simultaneously measure two-hand movements.</div><div>A bottle-type sensor was created by wrapping a newly developed high-precision flexible sensor sheet around a three-dimensional-printed cap and body part. The force component of each sensor was calculated from the load data, and the loads for each finger were summed. Thirty healthy adults participated in the study, 21 for validity and 9 for reliability. In the validity studies, the values for the body and cap part of the bottle-type sensor were correlated with the grip and pinch forces. For reliability studies, the intraclass correlation coefficient 2, 3 were calculated comparing the results after a day.</div><div>Significant positive correlations with the body and cap parts of the bottle-type sensor were found for the grip and pinch forces. Reliability studies revealed that the body part of the bottle-type sensor had an ICC of >0.75. However, the cap part had an ICC of <0.75, which was insufficient.</div><div>The bottle-type sensor developed in this study showed significant correlations with the grip and pinch forces, but the cap part did not yield satisfactory results in terms of reliability. In the future, the usefulness of the bottle-type sensor needs to be clarified by improving the cap part, as well as by evaluating it during two-hand movements and measuring it in patients with various diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104315"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143593102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104317
Yuting Yan , Ruidong Lu , Jian Sun , Jianxin Zhang , Qiang Zhang
Early diagnosis of breast cancer using pathological images is essential to effective treatment. With the development of deep learning techniques, breast cancer histopathology image classification methods based on neural networks develop rapidly. However, these methods usually capture features in the spatial domain, rarely consider frequency feature distributions, which limits classification performance to some extent. This paper proposes a novel breast cancer histopathology image classification network, called DWNAT-Net, which introduces Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to Neighborhood Attention Transformer (NAT). DWT decomposes inputs into different frequency bands through iterative filtering and downsampling, and it can extract frequency information while retaining spatial information. NAT utilizes Neighborhood Attention (NA) to confine the attention computation to a local neighborhood around each token to enable efficient modeling of local dependencies. The proposed method was evaluated on the BreakHis and Bach datasets, yielding impressive image-level recognition accuracy rates. We achieve a recognition accuracy rate of 99.66% on the BreakHis dataset and 91.25% on the BACH dataset, demonstrating competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.
{"title":"Breast cancer histopathology image classification using transformer with discrete wavelet transform","authors":"Yuting Yan , Ruidong Lu , Jian Sun , Jianxin Zhang , Qiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early diagnosis of breast cancer using pathological images is essential to effective treatment. With the development of deep learning techniques, breast cancer histopathology image classification methods based on neural networks develop rapidly. However, these methods usually capture features in the spatial domain, rarely consider frequency feature distributions, which limits classification performance to some extent. This paper proposes a novel breast cancer histopathology image classification network, called DWNAT-Net, which introduces Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) to Neighborhood Attention Transformer (NAT). DWT decomposes inputs into different frequency bands through iterative filtering and downsampling, and it can extract frequency information while retaining spatial information. NAT utilizes Neighborhood Attention (NA) to confine the attention computation to a local neighborhood around each token to enable efficient modeling of local dependencies. The proposed method was evaluated on the BreakHis and Bach datasets, yielding impressive image-level recognition accuracy rates. We achieve a recognition accuracy rate of 99.66% on the BreakHis dataset and 91.25% on the BACH dataset, demonstrating competitive performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104314
Jinghang Wang, Urara Satake, Toshiyuki Enomoto
Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is the predominant method for removing colonic polyps under 6 mm, utilizing snare-type tools as cutting tools. However, complete resection rates often decrease due to occasional cutting failure. Understanding the cutting mechanisms of snare-type tools is thus crucial for optimizing both the tool and procedure. Research on CSP has primarily focused on surgical case studies, with limited focus on the snare tools. This study investigates the cutting mechanisms of snare-type tools, examining the effects of cutting speed and snare properties on cutting force. The results show that the internal tissue fractures first during CSP, followed by the external tissue. High cutting speeds and thin wire ropes reduce the cutting force required and produce flatter cut cross-sections. Cold snare defect protrusions are primarily due to the high toughness and strength of the submucosa layer tissue, which impedes internal tissue fracture. These findings enhance the understanding of the internal fracture mechanism of soft tissue and provide valuable insights for optimizing snare-type tools, potentially improving the efficacy and safety of polyp resection procedures.
{"title":"Mechanisms of cutting soft tissues using snare-type tools","authors":"Jinghang Wang, Urara Satake, Toshiyuki Enomoto","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) is the predominant method for removing colonic polyps under 6 mm, utilizing snare-type tools as cutting tools. However, complete resection rates often decrease due to occasional cutting failure. Understanding the cutting mechanisms of snare-type tools is thus crucial for optimizing both the tool and procedure. Research on CSP has primarily focused on surgical case studies, with limited focus on the snare tools. This study investigates the cutting mechanisms of snare-type tools, examining the effects of cutting speed and snare properties on cutting force. The results show that the internal tissue fractures first during CSP, followed by the external tissue. High cutting speeds and thin wire ropes reduce the cutting force required and produce flatter cut cross-sections. Cold snare defect protrusions are primarily due to the high toughness and strength of the submucosa layer tissue, which impedes internal tissue fracture. These findings enhance the understanding of the internal fracture mechanism of soft tissue and provide valuable insights for optimizing snare-type tools, potentially improving the efficacy and safety of polyp resection procedures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104311
Marim Basiouny , Simon Lambert , Chin Kuenfoo , Stephen Taylor
The survival rate of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is negatively impacted by the lack of available data on elbow biomechanics. This study developed a modified humeral component for TEA that is purposed to be instrumented to generate real-time 6 degrees of freedom (d.o.f) force and moment data during activities of daily living (ADL). The objectives are twofold: (1) to assess the safety of the modified humeral component under peak anticipated loads in fatigue, and (2) verify the strains measured under physiological loads with strains modelled using finite element analysis (FEA). Four modified titanium alloy humeral components were welded, and fatigue tested at 5 Hz for 5 million cycles under a compressive load of 700 N corresponding to moderate ADL. The strains were measured using triaxial 350 Ω rectangular rosette (45°) strain gauges bonded to three specific locations on the humeral component confirmed through an FE study. The four welded humeral components successfully withstood fatigue conditions and did not deform. The measured and modelled principal strains were confirmed to be highest at the external wall of the lateral cavity, with a percentage difference of <10 %.
{"title":"Fatigue test evaluation of a customised humeral component for an instrumented total elbow prosthesis and strain validation study","authors":"Marim Basiouny , Simon Lambert , Chin Kuenfoo , Stephen Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The survival rate of total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) is negatively impacted by the lack of available data on elbow biomechanics. This study developed a modified humeral component for TEA that is purposed to be instrumented to generate real-time 6 degrees of freedom (d.o.f) force and moment data during activities of daily living (ADL). The objectives are twofold: (1) to assess the safety of the modified humeral component under peak anticipated loads in fatigue, and (2) verify the strains measured under physiological loads with strains modelled using finite element analysis (FEA). Four modified titanium alloy humeral components were welded, and fatigue tested at 5 Hz for 5 million cycles under a compressive load of 700 N corresponding to moderate ADL. The strains were measured using triaxial 350 Ω rectangular rosette (45°) strain gauges bonded to three specific locations on the humeral component confirmed through an FE study. The four welded humeral components successfully withstood fatigue conditions and did not deform. The measured and modelled principal strains were confirmed to be highest at the external wall of the lateral cavity, with a percentage difference of <10 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"138 ","pages":"Article 104311"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104294
Romane LESIEUR , Agnès DROCHON , Marlène DURAND
Esophageal tissue engineering is a promising approach to create an esophageal substitute after surgical resection of a part of the organ. Regeneration of esophageal tissue may be achieved using some synthetic or biological scaffolds. In the present study, scaffolds are obtained through the decellularization of porcine esophagi. In view of future implantation, it is important to test the mechanical properties of the decellularized matrices and to compare them with the data obtained for native pig esophagi. Results of longitudinal and circumferential traction experiments as well as inflation and burst tests are presented. The results obtained for the compliance of porcine decellularized matrices are novel. It is concluded that the decellularized matrices are suitable for use as esophageal substitutes.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of decellularized porcine esophagus: Preliminary results","authors":"Romane LESIEUR , Agnès DROCHON , Marlène DURAND","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Esophageal tissue engineering is a promising approach to create an esophageal substitute after surgical resection of a part of the organ. Regeneration of esophageal tissue may be achieved using some synthetic or biological scaffolds. In the present study, scaffolds are obtained through the decellularization of porcine esophagi. In view of future implantation, it is important to test the mechanical properties of the decellularized matrices and to compare them with the data obtained for native pig esophagi. Results of longitudinal and circumferential traction experiments as well as inflation and burst tests are presented. The results obtained for the compliance of porcine decellularized matrices are novel. It is concluded that the decellularized matrices are suitable for use as esophageal substitutes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104294"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104304
Tiereny McGuire , Arul Ramasamy , Anthony M J Bull
Background
Osseointegrated prostheses (OIP) use is increasing for above-knee amputees who have difficulties with sockets. This study aims to simulate the bone-implant interface under loading using a 3D finite element (FE) model and quantify force distribution to produce hypotheses on bone remodelling and implant failure, informing implant and surgical design, and rehabilitation protocols.
Methods
Ten customised 3D femur FE models (5 female, 5 male) were generated from CT scans and bone-implant assemblies created. The bone was subdivided into seven Gruen Zones and four proximal femur regions. Boundary conditions were taken from the literature.
Results
The highest stresses were found in the implant (Max: 113.9 MPa), whilst highest strains were seen in the bone (Max: 4.89 %). Stress and strain were unevenly distributed, with distal regions experiencing stress shielding effects and areas around the implant tip experiencing significantly higher stresses and strains (p < .001). Maximum stresses were higher in female bones (p < .01), whilst shorter residuum lengths saw significantly lower stresses (p < .05).
Conclusion
Sex, size and limb length are all important factors and these need to be accounted for when designing and implanting OIPs.
{"title":"An FE model investigating the bone-implant interface of Osseointegrated prosthetics to better understand how forces are transferred under loading","authors":"Tiereny McGuire , Arul Ramasamy , Anthony M J Bull","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Osseointegrated prostheses (OIP) use is increasing for above-knee amputees who have difficulties with sockets. This study aims to simulate the bone-implant interface under loading using a 3D finite element (FE) model and quantify force distribution to produce hypotheses on bone remodelling and implant failure, informing implant and surgical design, and rehabilitation protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ten customised 3D femur FE models (5 female, 5 male) were generated from CT scans and bone-implant assemblies created. The bone was subdivided into seven Gruen Zones and four proximal femur regions. Boundary conditions were taken from the literature.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The highest stresses were found in the implant (Max: 113.9 MPa), whilst highest strains were seen in the bone (Max: 4.89 %). Stress and strain were unevenly distributed, with distal regions experiencing stress shielding effects and areas around the implant tip experiencing significantly higher stresses and strains (<em>p</em> < .001). Maximum stresses were higher in female bones (<em>p</em> < .01), whilst shorter residuum lengths saw significantly lower stresses (<em>p</em> < .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sex, size and limb length are all important factors and these need to be accounted for when designing and implanting OIPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104301
Farzad Pashmforoush, Shahram Ajori
In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were implemented to investigate the atomic-level interactions of three different biopolymers (Gum Tragacanth, pectin, and carrageenan) on Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The main purpose was to achieve a deep understanding of the adsorption dynamics between these biopolymers and magnetic nanoparticle. In this respect, initially, the adsorption models were simulated under NVT conditions, and consequently, in-depth analyses of interaction energies, concentration profiles, and radial distribution functions were conducted. According to the obtained results, a strong adsorption of all three biopolymers on nanoparticles surface was observed, caused mainly by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. However, Fe3O4/carrageenan demonstrated the strongest binding affinity among the biopolymer-nanoparticle pairs. This research provides critical atomic-level insights into biopolymer-nanoparticle interactions, bridging a significant knowledge gap and enhancing the understanding and potential application of Fe3O4-based materials in cutting-edge biomedical technologies.
{"title":"Atomic-level insights into the adsorption of various biopolymers on Fe3O4 nanoparticles: A molecular dynamics study","authors":"Farzad Pashmforoush, Shahram Ajori","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, molecular dynamics simulations were implemented to investigate the atomic-level interactions of three different biopolymers (Gum Tragacanth, pectin, and carrageenan) on Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles. The main purpose was to achieve a deep understanding of the adsorption dynamics between these biopolymers and magnetic nanoparticle. In this respect, initially, the adsorption models were simulated under NVT conditions, and consequently, in-depth analyses of interaction energies, concentration profiles, and radial distribution functions were conducted. According to the obtained results, a strong adsorption of all three biopolymers on nanoparticles surface was observed, caused mainly by hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. However, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/carrageenan demonstrated the strongest binding affinity among the biopolymer-nanoparticle pairs. This research provides critical atomic-level insights into biopolymer-nanoparticle interactions, bridging a significant knowledge gap and enhancing the understanding and potential application of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based materials in cutting-edge biomedical technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104301"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143444392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104309
Zhuoxi Bi , Wenquan Cui , Luming Feng , Yaxin Liu , Xin Ma , Shihao Li , Changle Ren , Liming Shu
Background
Walking function reconstruction is suboptimal after total knee arthroplasty. However, a comprehensive investigation of kinematic and kinetic parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty is lacking. This study aimed to quantitatively compare the differences in gait parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty with those of healthy control group.
Methods
This study utilized a wearable capture system to obtain gait parameters from pre- operative and one-year post- operative patients, as well as from the healthy control group. The parameters included walking speed, the stance phase percentage during the gait cycle, knee flexion angle, center of pressure trajectory, vertical ground reaction force, and its moment on the coronal plane of the knee joint.
Results
Post-total knee arthroplasty patients presented an averaged 12.5 % improvement in walking speed and an averaged 19.75 % increasement in the maximum knee flexion angle during the gait cycle, although both were still lower than those of the healthy control group. During the stance phase, the vertical ground reaction force exhibited a less pronounced double-hump feature, and compared to preoperative levels, the peak of the coronal plane moment of the knee was reduced by approximately half.
Conclusion
One-year post- total knee arthroplasty patients exhibited improved walking function compared to preoperative levels, but a gap remained compared to healthy control group. Additionally, preoperative gait abnormalities persisted postoperatively.
{"title":"Assessment of pre- and post-operative gait dynamics in total knee arthroplasty by a wearable capture system","authors":"Zhuoxi Bi , Wenquan Cui , Luming Feng , Yaxin Liu , Xin Ma , Shihao Li , Changle Ren , Liming Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104309","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104309","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Walking function reconstruction is suboptimal after total knee arthroplasty. However, a comprehensive investigation of kinematic and kinetic parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty is lacking. This study aimed to quantitatively compare the differences in gait parameters before and after total knee arthroplasty with those of healthy control group.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study utilized a wearable capture system to obtain gait parameters from pre- operative and one-year post- operative patients, as well as from the healthy control group. The parameters included walking speed, the stance phase percentage during the gait cycle, knee flexion angle, center of pressure trajectory, vertical ground reaction force, and its moment on the coronal plane of the knee joint.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Post-total knee arthroplasty patients presented an averaged 12.5 % improvement in walking speed and an averaged 19.75 % increasement in the maximum knee flexion angle during the gait cycle, although both were still lower than those of the healthy control group. During the stance phase, the vertical ground reaction force exhibited a less pronounced double-hump feature, and compared to preoperative levels, the peak of the coronal plane moment of the knee was reduced by approximately half.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>One-year post- total knee arthroplasty patients exhibited improved walking function compared to preoperative levels, but a gap remained compared to healthy control group. Additionally, preoperative gait abnormalities persisted postoperatively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104309"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143394474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104297
Jingdong Yang , Shaoyu Huang , Han Wang , Yuhang Lu , Wei liu , Yan Shen , Xiaohong Fu
3D-based medical image segmentation, offering enhanced spatial information compared to 2D slice-based methods, encounters challenges arising from factors such as a restricted clinical sample size, imbalanced foreground-background pixel distribution, and suboptimal generalization performance. To address these challenges, we propose a lightweight segmentation model tailored to 3D medical images. Employing the K-means algorithm, our approach efficiently extracts the Region of Interest (ROI) from medical images, facilitating lung area segmentation while minimizing interference from background pixels. We address the risk of model overfitting by adopting the Focal loss in conjunction with the Dice coefficient as our loss function. Feature extraction capabilities are bolstered through the incorporation of a parallel attention mechanism at skip connections, aiming to enhance the representation of both shallow and deep layers. Moreover, we optimize computational efficiency and memory utilization by substituting 3 × 3 convolutions with depth-wise separable convolutions and integrating residual connections for improved gradient propagation. The introduction of Ghost-inspired 1 × 1 convolution ensures consistent feature dimensions before and after residual connections. Experimental evaluation, conducted on a dataset comprising 199 COVID-19-Seg cases through 5-fold cross-validation, underscores the superior performance of our proposed model. Evaluation metrics, including Average Surface Distance (ASD), accuracy, sensitivity, Dice coefficient, and Intersection over Union (IOU) accuracy, yield values of 19.880, 99.90 %, 58.90 %, 56.10 %, and 41.00 %, respectively. In comparison to the other state-of-the-art segmentation models, our approach achieves heightened segmentation accuracy and generalization performance while incurring only a marginal increase in parameters and computational complexity.
{"title":"A novel 3D lightweight model for COVID-19 lung CT Lesion Segmentation","authors":"Jingdong Yang , Shaoyu Huang , Han Wang , Yuhang Lu , Wei liu , Yan Shen , Xiaohong Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-based medical image segmentation, offering enhanced spatial information compared to 2D slice-based methods, encounters challenges arising from factors such as a restricted clinical sample size, imbalanced foreground-background pixel distribution, and suboptimal generalization performance. To address these challenges, we propose a lightweight segmentation model tailored to 3D medical images. Employing the K-means algorithm, our approach efficiently extracts the Region of Interest (ROI) from medical images, facilitating lung area segmentation while minimizing interference from background pixels. We address the risk of model overfitting by adopting the Focal loss in conjunction with the Dice coefficient as our loss function. Feature extraction capabilities are bolstered through the incorporation of a parallel attention mechanism at skip connections, aiming to enhance the representation of both shallow and deep layers. Moreover, we optimize computational efficiency and memory utilization by substituting 3 × 3 convolutions with depth-wise separable convolutions and integrating residual connections for improved gradient propagation. The introduction of Ghost-inspired 1 × 1 convolution ensures consistent feature dimensions before and after residual connections. Experimental evaluation, conducted on a dataset comprising 199 COVID-19-Seg cases through 5-fold cross-validation, underscores the superior performance of our proposed model. Evaluation metrics, including Average Surface Distance (ASD), accuracy, sensitivity, Dice coefficient, and Intersection over Union (IOU) accuracy, yield values of 19.880, 99.90 %, 58.90 %, 56.10 %, and 41.00 %, respectively. In comparison to the other state-of-the-art segmentation models, our approach achieves heightened segmentation accuracy and generalization performance while incurring only a marginal increase in parameters and computational complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"137 ","pages":"Article 104297"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143402751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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