Pub Date : 2025-09-17DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104441
N Pickard, D Howard, VH Nagaraja, L Kenney
Upper-limb prostheses users report unsatisfactory ‘socket fit’, leading to poor outcomes. Previous attempts to measure socket-residuum coupling as a proxy for upper-limb socket fit were limited by their modelling approach (<6-degrees of freedom (DoF) models) and focused on trans-humeral prosthesis users. Prince described a 6-DoF model to track trans-radial (TR) socket-limb coupling, but this required bespoke measurement equipment and was only demonstrated in one intact-limbed participant. Current International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) recommendations for marker-based forearm tracking include ulna styloid markers, therefore being unsuitable for people with TR limb difference. To identify alternative marker frames, ten intact limb participants performed six different movements, nine times each. Displacement of an ulna marker ‘cloud’ of markers was evaluated, for 18 alternative tracking frames, none of which utilised wrist markers. The optimal frames were a) for a long residuum/full forearm - markers on humeral epicondyles and mid-distal ulna bone (62.5–75 % of a typical ulna), and b) for a shorter residuum – markers on humeral epicondyles and distal ulna bone (25–50 % of a typical ulna). These frames compared favourably to the ISB frame in the point cloud displacement metric. This study provides novel solutions to tracking the ulna bone of people with TR limb difference.
{"title":"Recommendations for tracking the residual forearm in people with trans-radial limb difference using marker-based motion capture","authors":"N Pickard, D Howard, VH Nagaraja, L Kenney","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Upper-limb prostheses users report unsatisfactory ‘socket fit’, leading to poor outcomes. Previous attempts to measure socket-residuum coupling as a proxy for upper-limb socket fit were limited by their modelling approach (<6-degrees of freedom (DoF) models) and focused on trans-humeral prosthesis users. Prince described a 6-DoF model to track trans-radial (TR) socket-limb coupling, but this required bespoke measurement equipment and was only demonstrated in one intact-limbed participant. Current International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) recommendations for marker-based forearm tracking include ulna styloid markers, therefore being unsuitable for people with TR limb difference. To identify alternative marker frames, ten intact limb participants performed six different movements, nine times each. Displacement of an ulna marker ‘cloud’ of markers was evaluated, for 18 alternative tracking frames, none of which utilised wrist markers. The optimal frames were a) for a long residuum/full forearm - markers on humeral epicondyles and mid-distal ulna bone (62.5–75 % of a typical ulna), and b) for a shorter residuum – markers on humeral epicondyles and distal ulna bone (25–50 % of a typical ulna). These frames compared favourably to the ISB frame in the point cloud displacement metric. This study provides novel solutions to tracking the ulna bone of people with TR limb difference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104433
Camille Lafond , Louise Hohnadel , Thomas Brunel , Nicolas Pirrò , Marc-Emmanuel Bellemare , Dominique Chamoret , Sébastien Roth
Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition affecting women, particularly those over the age of 50. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition remain poorly understood within the medical community. In recent years, researchers, particularly medical engineers and biomechanical scientists, have initiated studies on this female pathology. Numerous finite element analyses have been conducted to determine the material properties of tissues involved in POP. Building on the material properties established in prior research, this study presents a patient-specific model derived from patient-specific MRI data. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and boundary conditions were determined from MRI analysis, and the models were validated against MRI simulations encompassing 11 seconds with a 1-second step interval. This study compares the outcomes of our models with MRI results, providing insights into POP biomechanics. A good correlation was observed between MRI data and the finite element method (FEM) models in healthy patients, particularly for the bladder when fluid properties, such as urine, were included. A relative error between 18% and 26% was observed for bladder displacement. Moreover, the models provided acceptable results for the uterus, vagina, and rectum. Visual results supporting these findings are presented in this study.
{"title":"Biomechanical finite element simulation of the pelvic organs under dynamic loading and validation against experimental data from magnetic resonance imaging","authors":"Camille Lafond , Louise Hohnadel , Thomas Brunel , Nicolas Pirrò , Marc-Emmanuel Bellemare , Dominique Chamoret , Sébastien Roth","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition affecting women, particularly those over the age of 50. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition remain poorly understood within the medical community. In recent years, researchers, particularly medical engineers and biomechanical scientists, have initiated studies on this female pathology. Numerous finite element analyses have been conducted to determine the material properties of tissues involved in POP. Building on the material properties established in prior research, this study presents a patient-specific model derived from patient-specific MRI data. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and boundary conditions were determined from MRI analysis, and the models were validated against MRI simulations encompassing 11 seconds with a 1-second step interval. This study compares the outcomes of our models with MRI results, providing insights into POP biomechanics. A good correlation was observed between MRI data and the finite element method (FEM) models in healthy patients, particularly for the bladder when fluid properties, such as urine, were included. A relative error between 18% and 26% was observed for bladder displacement. Moreover, the models provided acceptable results for the uterus, vagina, and rectum. Visual results supporting these findings are presented in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clinical testing of a prosthetic hand is a collaborative process between roboticists, prosthetists and researchers, aiming to produce the best possible functionality and comfort while satisfying the needs of users. Although many studies have reported on the existing state and future possibilities of prosthetic hands, few have studied the role of clinical testing in the development of prosthetic hands. This review aims to study existing literature on the clinical evaluation of prosthetic hands, present an overview of current clinical testing approaches, highlight their limitations, and outline potential future directions. A keyword-based search strategy was used to scan five electronic databases: DOAJ, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and IEEE Xplore. This paper provides an overview of various clinical testing of research prototypes and their clinical efficacy. This manuscript detailed the current scenario of clinical testing and prosthetic hand assessment methods. The potential impact of prosthesis simulators on saving time and resources in clinical testing is highlighted. The trend of clinical testing from traditional to big data methods for more user-centric developments has been identified. Moreover, the limitations of existing clinical studies and the future direction of clinical testing are presented for further community research.
假手的临床测试是机器人专家、假肢专家和研究人员之间的协作过程，旨在满足用户需求的同时，产生最佳的功能和舒适度。虽然许多研究报道了假手的现状和未来的可能性，但很少有研究研究临床测试在假手发展中的作用。本综述旨在研究现有的关于假肢手临床评估的文献，概述目前的临床测试方法，突出其局限性，并概述潜在的未来发展方向。采用基于关键词的搜索策略对DOAJ、Web of Science、PubMed、Scopus和IEEE Xplore 5个电子数据库进行了扫描。本文综述了各种研究原型的临床试验及其临床疗效。本文详细介绍了目前的临床测试情况和假手评估方法。强调了假肢模拟器在临床试验中节省时间和资源的潜在影响。临床检测从传统方法向以用户为中心的大数据方法发展的趋势已经确定。并对现有临床研究的局限性和临床试验的未来发展方向进行了展望。
{"title":"Clinical evaluation of prosthetic hand: A systematic review on existing methods, limitations and future directions","authors":"Amlan Jyoti Kalita , Zahnupriya Kalita , Nayan M. Kakoty , Satyajit Borah","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clinical testing of a prosthetic hand is a collaborative process between roboticists, prosthetists and researchers, aiming to produce the best possible functionality and comfort while satisfying the needs of users. Although many studies have reported on the existing state and future possibilities of prosthetic hands, few have studied the role of clinical testing in the development of prosthetic hands. This review aims to study existing literature on the clinical evaluation of prosthetic hands, present an overview of current clinical testing approaches, highlight their limitations, and outline potential future directions. A keyword-based search strategy was used to scan five electronic databases: DOAJ, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and IEEE Xplore. This paper provides an overview of various clinical testing of research prototypes and their clinical efficacy. This manuscript detailed the current scenario of clinical testing and prosthetic hand assessment methods. The potential impact of prosthesis simulators on saving time and resources in clinical testing is highlighted. The trend of clinical testing from traditional to big data methods for more user-centric developments has been identified. Moreover, the limitations of existing clinical studies and the future direction of clinical testing are presented for further community research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104440
Aiyue Zhang , Yuke Zhu , Xing Fu , Bo Liu , Jinbin Cui , Yanxian Wu , Yangyun Wang , Leshuai W. Zhang
In preclinical drug development, subcutaneous tumor volume is a critical parameter for evaluating disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. Although multiple techniques are now available for measuring tumor volume, manual calipers—despite their susceptibility to inaccuracy and observer bias—remain the conventional standard. This study systematically compares the accuracy, detection sensitivity, and observer variability of tumor volume measurements obtained via calipers versus 3D scanning. Both clay and tumor models were analyzed to assess measurement performance. Our results demonstrate that 3D scanning provides superior accuracy in tumor volume quantification compared to calipers. In clay models, 3D scanning exhibited stronger correlation with reference volumes. In vivo experiments further revealed that 3D scanning reduced measurement error, enabled earlier detection of radiotherapy responses, and improved observer reproducibility. Additionally, while the 3D scanner initially struggled with dark-colored melanoma and black clay models due to optical limitations, application of white food-grade spraying allowed accurate volumetric measurements, thereby expanding the technology’s applicability across diverse tumor types. Collectively, these findings establish 3D scanning as a transformative approach for preclinical tumor volumetry, addressing the critical limitations of conventional caliper methods, and ultimately providing researchers with a more reliable and standardized tool for therapeutic assessment in cancer studies.
{"title":"A 3D scanning system for measuring subcutaneous tumors in laboratory animals and expanded application to melanoma volume measurements","authors":"Aiyue Zhang , Yuke Zhu , Xing Fu , Bo Liu , Jinbin Cui , Yanxian Wu , Yangyun Wang , Leshuai W. Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In preclinical drug development, subcutaneous tumor volume is a critical parameter for evaluating disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. Although multiple techniques are now available for measuring tumor volume, manual calipers—despite their susceptibility to inaccuracy and observer bias—remain the conventional standard. This study systematically compares the accuracy, detection sensitivity, and observer variability of tumor volume measurements obtained via calipers versus 3D scanning. Both clay and tumor models were analyzed to assess measurement performance. Our results demonstrate that 3D scanning provides superior accuracy in tumor volume quantification compared to calipers. In clay models, 3D scanning exhibited stronger correlation with reference volumes. In vivo experiments further revealed that 3D scanning reduced measurement error, enabled earlier detection of radiotherapy responses, and improved observer reproducibility. Additionally, while the 3D scanner initially struggled with dark-colored melanoma and black clay models due to optical limitations, application of white food-grade spraying allowed accurate volumetric measurements, thereby expanding the technology’s applicability across diverse tumor types. Collectively, these findings establish 3D scanning as a transformative approach for preclinical tumor volumetry, addressing the critical limitations of conventional caliper methods, and ultimately providing researchers with a more reliable and standardized tool for therapeutic assessment in cancer studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104440"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104439
McKenna Roan , Nick Hudyma , George G.A. Pujalte , Jeff T. Wight
Bone specimens are preserved using various methods, which have been shown to influence their material properties. An unexplored process of assessing the influence of preservation methods is using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring during quasistatic compression testing. AEs are transient ultrasonic waves generated during abrupt, localized plastic deformation. AE waveforms were collected and assessed for specimens preserved with two methods: fresh frozen and aged by boiling and bleaching. Results demonstrated that aged specimens exhibit different AE characteristics compared to fresh specimens, including an earlier onset of microcracking, higher AE event counts, and greater AE amplitudes and energies. Aged specimens generally showed a mix of tensile and shear microcracks, while fresh specimens predominantly exhibited shear microcracks. This study highlights the influence of preservation methods on the AE characteristics of bone tested in compression, providing valuable insight into the differences in microcracking phenomena between fresh and aged specimens.
{"title":"Technical note: Exploring acoustic emission characteristics from quasistatic compression testing of aged and fresh bovine cortical bone","authors":"McKenna Roan , Nick Hudyma , George G.A. Pujalte , Jeff T. Wight","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bone specimens are preserved using various methods, which have been shown to influence their material properties. An unexplored process of assessing the influence of preservation methods is using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring during quasistatic compression testing. AEs are transient ultrasonic waves generated during abrupt, localized plastic deformation. AE waveforms were collected and assessed for specimens preserved with two methods: fresh frozen and aged by boiling and bleaching. Results demonstrated that aged specimens exhibit different AE characteristics compared to fresh specimens, including an earlier onset of microcracking, higher AE event counts, and greater AE amplitudes and energies. Aged specimens generally showed a mix of tensile and shear microcracks, while fresh specimens predominantly exhibited shear microcracks. This study highlights the influence of preservation methods on the AE characteristics of bone tested in compression, providing valuable insight into the differences in microcracking phenomena between fresh and aged specimens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"145 ","pages":"Article 104439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145157884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104438
Mohammad Nemat Sache , Manish Ranjan , Mohammad Fareed , Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Aim
This study investigates the characterization of a calcium hydroxide-filled SPRG (Surface Pre-Reacted Glass Ionomer) restorative material. The analysis focuses on the material's microstructure and antimicrobial properties, specifically its efficacy against Streptococcus mutans, a common oral bacterium. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy, we examine the material's surface morphology, microbial adherence, and ion leaching capabilities. The goal is to assess the material’s suitability for deep caries management and its potential as a dentine replacement.
Methods and Materials
Discs of Calcium Hydroxide filled SPRG Restorative Material were prepared (10 mm x 2 mm). SEM was employed to observe the surface morphology and microstructural characteristics of the material. To evaluate microbial adherence and count, confocal microscopy was used with Streptococcus mutans cultured on the material. The leaching of calcium and fluoride ions was quantified using the Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) method.
Results
The results showed significant leaching of calcium and fluoride ions, indicating the material's potential for ion release. SEM analysis provided detailed insights into the microstructure of the SPRG restorative material, while confocal microscopy revealed a clear distinction between live and dead Streptococcus mutans colonies, suggesting that the fluoride and calcium ion leaching contributed to effective antimicrobial properties.
Conclusion
Calcium hydroxide-filled SPRG restorative materials show promise for dental applications, with ion release and effective antimicrobial properties making them strong candidates for managing deep caries and potentially replacing dentine. Ongoing research could optimize these materials for clinical use, advancing restorative dentistry.
目的研究氢氧化钙填充的表面预反应玻璃离聚体（SPRG）修复材料的表征。分析的重点是材料的微观结构和抗菌性能，特别是它对变形链球菌（一种常见的口腔细菌）的功效。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和共聚焦显微镜，我们检查材料的表面形态，微生物粘附和离子浸出能力。目的是评估该材料在深度龋病治疗中的适用性及其作为牙本质替代物的潜力。方法与材料制备氢氧化钙填充SPRG修复材料盘（10 mm × 2 mm）。利用扫描电子显微镜观察材料的表面形貌和显微组织特征。为了评估微生物粘附性和计数，用共聚焦显微镜观察在材料上培养的变形链球菌。采用离子选择电极（ISE）法对钙、氟离子的浸出进行了定量分析。结果钙、氟离子明显浸出，表明该材料具有离子释放潜能。扫描电镜分析提供了SPRG修复材料微观结构的详细信息，而共聚焦显微镜显示了活的和死的变形链球菌菌落之间的明显区别，这表明氟化物和钙离子浸出有助于有效的抗菌性能。结论氢氧化钙填充的SPRG修复材料具有离子释放和有效的抗菌性能，是治疗深部龋和替代牙本质的有力候选材料，具有广阔的应用前景。正在进行的研究可以优化这些材料的临床应用，推进牙科修复。
{"title":"Assessment of microstructure, microbial count with adherence and ion leaching of calcium hydroxide filled SPRG restorative material: A SEM and confocal analysis","authors":"Mohammad Nemat Sache , Manish Ranjan , Mohammad Fareed , Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study investigates the characterization of a calcium hydroxide-filled SPRG (Surface Pre-Reacted Glass Ionomer) restorative material. The analysis focuses on the material's microstructure and antimicrobial properties, specifically its efficacy against Streptococcus mutans, a common oral bacterium. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and confocal microscopy, we examine the material's surface morphology, microbial adherence, and ion leaching capabilities. The goal is to assess the material’s suitability for deep caries management and its potential as a dentine replacement.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and Materials</h3><div>Discs of Calcium Hydroxide filled SPRG Restorative Material were prepared (10 mm x 2 mm). SEM was employed to observe the surface morphology and microstructural characteristics of the material. To evaluate microbial adherence and count, confocal microscopy was used with Streptococcus mutans cultured on the material. The leaching of calcium and fluoride ions was quantified using the Ion Selective Electrode (ISE) method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed significant leaching of calcium and fluoride ions, indicating the material's potential for ion release. SEM analysis provided detailed insights into the microstructure of the SPRG restorative material, while confocal microscopy revealed a clear distinction between live and dead Streptococcus mutans colonies, suggesting that the fluoride and calcium ion leaching contributed to effective antimicrobial properties.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Calcium hydroxide-filled SPRG restorative materials show promise for dental applications, with ion release and effective antimicrobial properties making them strong candidates for managing deep caries and potentially replacing dentine. Ongoing research could optimize these materials for clinical use, advancing restorative dentistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104437
Chaimae. El Garrab, Mohssin. Zekriti
For many years, Mammographic screening has been considered as the most utilized tool for clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. However, when it comes to tumors with small size, particularly those located deep in the breast or behind dense tissue, Mammography is unable to detect the presence of tiny nodules in the breast, making it less suitable for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. The early prognosis remains, hence, a challenging task for public health worldwide. This theoretical study focuses on the design and computational analysis of SiO2@Au core-shell nanoparticle dimers for potential application in breast cancer detection using serological tests. The study uses the well-known Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method to simulate and study the role of the proposed configuration in enhancing the electric field intensity at the hot-spot. To design our configurations, we use the golden ratio constant (φ), which enables the determination of the core and the shell radii that yield the optimal response in terms of the absorption spectrum and the electric field enhancement. Our results show that the proposed approach significantly enhances the electric field intensity at the hot-spot, achieving an amplification factor of 1.9 × 10³. This enhancement amplifies the interaction between light and the targeted molecules located at the hot spot, thereby improving detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the detection limit reaches 0. 4 × 10⁻⁶ RIU, which is several times lower than that of conventional LSPR sensors. These enhanced performance characteristics of the proposed configuration pave the way for its use in high-precision breast cancer diagnosis and prediction of treatment benefits.
{"title":"Tuning sensitivity and limit of detection of nanoparticle dimer based on SiO2@Au core-shell for breast cancer diagnosis and prediction of treatment benefit","authors":"Chaimae. El Garrab, Mohssin. Zekriti","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For many years, Mammographic screening has been considered as the most utilized tool for clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. However, when it comes to tumors with small size, particularly those located deep in the breast or behind dense tissue, Mammography is unable to detect the presence of tiny nodules in the breast, making it less suitable for the early diagnosis of breast cancer. The early prognosis remains, hence, a challenging task for public health worldwide. This theoretical study focuses on the design and computational analysis of SiO2@Au core-shell nanoparticle dimers for potential application in breast cancer detection using serological tests. The study uses the well-known Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method to simulate and study the role of the proposed configuration in enhancing the electric field intensity at the hot-spot. To design our configurations, we use the golden ratio constant (φ), which enables the determination of the core and the shell radii that yield the optimal response in terms of the absorption spectrum and the electric field enhancement. Our results show that the proposed approach significantly enhances the electric field intensity at the hot-spot, achieving an amplification factor of 1.9 × 10³. This enhancement amplifies the interaction between light and the targeted molecules located at the hot spot, thereby improving detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the detection limit reaches 0. 4 × 10⁻⁶ RIU, which is several times lower than that of conventional LSPR sensors. These enhanced performance characteristics of the proposed configuration pave the way for its use in high-precision breast cancer diagnosis and prediction of treatment benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104436
Jongwon Choi , Junwoo Park , Seyoung Lee , Kitaek Lim , Chunghwi Yi , Stephen Robinovitch , Woochol Joseph Choi
We measured the trochanteric soft tissue thickness (TSTT) to determine the force magnitude delivered to the proximal femur (Ftrochanteric), and examined how the TSTT and Ftrochanteric were affected by hip rotation during sideways falls.
Twenty individuals participated in pelvis release experiments. Trials were acquired with three hip rotations: 15° external, 0° (neutral), and 15° internal. During trials, kinetics and kinematics of the pelvis and lower extremities were recorded. Outcome variables included the effective stiffness of the pelvis (k), Ftrochanteric, TSTT, and force magnitude attenuated by the TSTT (Fattenuation).
The k and Ftrochanteric were associated with hip rotation (F= 5.06, p= 0.011; F= 5.49, p= 0.008, respectively). Both outcome variables were 14 % and 15 % smaller in external compared to neutral and internal rotation, respectively (45.3 versus 52.8 kN/m; 5448 versus 6425 N). However, neither the TSTT nor the Fattenuation was associated with hip rotation (F= 2.92, p= 0.066; F= 2.30, p= 0.114, respectively).
The Ftrochanteric decreased with hip external rotation at impact. This was attributed to decreased pelvis stiffness rather than enhanced protective benefits (i.e., force attenuation) provided by the trochanteric soft tissue. These findings offer valuable insights into the distribution of hip impact forces and may contribute to a better understanding of hip impact biomechanics during falls.
{"title":"Effects of hip joint rotation on the trochanteric force and soft tissue thickness during sideways falls","authors":"Jongwon Choi , Junwoo Park , Seyoung Lee , Kitaek Lim , Chunghwi Yi , Stephen Robinovitch , Woochol Joseph Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We measured the trochanteric soft tissue thickness (TSTT) to determine the force magnitude delivered to the proximal femur (<em>F<sub>trochanteric</sub></em>), and examined how the TSTT and <em>F<sub>trochanteric</sub></em> were affected by hip rotation during sideways falls.</div><div>Twenty individuals participated in pelvis release experiments. Trials were acquired with three hip rotations: 15° external, 0° (neutral), and 15° internal. During trials, kinetics and kinematics of the pelvis and lower extremities were recorded. Outcome variables included the effective stiffness of the pelvis (<em>k</em>), <em>F<sub>trochanteric</sub></em>, TSTT, and force magnitude attenuated by the TSTT (<em>F<sub>attenuation</sub></em>).</div><div>The <em>k</em> and <em>F<sub>trochanteric</sub></em> were associated with hip rotation (<em>F</em>= 5.06, <em>p</em>= 0.011; <em>F</em>= 5.49, <em>p</em>= 0.008, respectively). Both outcome variables were 14 % and 15 % smaller in external compared to neutral and internal rotation, respectively (45.3 versus 52.8 kN/m; 5448 versus 6425 N). However, neither the TSTT nor the <em>F<sub>attenuation</sub></em> was associated with hip rotation (<em>F</em>= 2.92, <em>p</em>= 0.066; <em>F</em>= 2.30, <em>p</em>= 0.114, respectively).</div><div>The <em>F<sub>trochanteric</sub></em> decreased with hip external rotation at impact. This was attributed to decreased pelvis stiffness rather than enhanced protective benefits (i.e., force attenuation) provided by the trochanteric soft tissue. These findings offer valuable insights into the distribution of hip impact forces and may contribute to a better understanding of hip impact biomechanics during falls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104431
Hao Ren , Zhichao Li , Zhaowei Liang , Wenqing Ren , Xiaodong Ma , Dan Wu
Robot-assisted surgery encounters critical force control challenges during risky operations like craniotomy skull milling, where collaborative operation demands adaptation to three surgical-specific complexities: multi-scale stiffness variations across biological tissues, abrupt stiffness discontinuities at critical boundaries (e.g. skull-dura interface), and unintuitive operator inputs during human-robot interaction. Consequently, controllers must dynamically adapt to this wide spectrum of tissue properties, a capability which exceeds the limits of conventional compliance control frameworks. This work presents a stiffness-observation-based force feedforward compensation controller that monitors the force-feedrate differential relationship to estimate real-time tissue stiffness, discriminating tissue types while compensating real-time force controllers. This controller is integrated into an active-constrained framework, replacing compliance control in the depth direction during milling operations. It establishes a hierarchical force control architecture where stiffness-derived information autonomously steers safety strategies, while surgeon-defined force constraints enable shared autonomy in human-robot interaction. The controller is numerically validated in simulated surgical environments and experimentally tested via in vivo craniotomies, demonstrating effective force tracking and safety assurance during complex milling tasks. By converting stiffness observations into real-time control actions, this approach enhances surgical safety in bone-tissue boundary transitions while maintaining intuitive human-robot collaboration.
{"title":"Stiffness-observation-based force feedforward compensation control for interactive robot-assisted surgical bone milling","authors":"Hao Ren , Zhichao Li , Zhaowei Liang , Wenqing Ren , Xiaodong Ma , Dan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Robot-assisted surgery encounters critical force control challenges during risky operations like craniotomy skull milling, where collaborative operation demands adaptation to three surgical-specific complexities: multi-scale stiffness variations across biological tissues, abrupt stiffness discontinuities at critical boundaries (e.g. skull-dura interface), and unintuitive operator inputs during human-robot interaction. Consequently, controllers must dynamically adapt to this wide spectrum of tissue properties, a capability which exceeds the limits of conventional compliance control frameworks. This work presents a stiffness-observation-based force feedforward compensation controller that monitors the force-feedrate differential relationship to estimate real-time tissue stiffness, discriminating tissue types while compensating real-time force controllers. This controller is integrated into an active-constrained framework, replacing compliance control in the depth direction during milling operations. It establishes a hierarchical force control architecture where stiffness-derived information autonomously steers safety strategies, while surgeon-defined force constraints enable shared autonomy in human-robot interaction. The controller is numerically validated in simulated surgical environments and experimentally tested via in vivo craniotomies, demonstrating effective force tracking and safety assurance during complex milling tasks. By converting stiffness observations into real-time control actions, this approach enhances surgical safety in bone-tissue boundary transitions while maintaining intuitive human-robot collaboration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-11DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104434
Yan Huang , Le Lin , Shuke Sun , Huande Hong
Purpose
The present work aims to assess the correlation of radiomics textural features derived from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endorectal ultrasound (EUS) images, combined with dosimetric and clinical features, to predict treatment response in patients with rectal cancer using machine learning algorithms.
Methods
Data from 84 individuals diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) were utilized, and radiomic features were extracted from the specified region of interest. Feature selection was performed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso), Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR), and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). Predictive modeling employed machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Logistic Regression (LR). Model performance was assessed based on metrics including accuracy (ACC), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), precision, sensitivity, and specificity.
Results
For CT images, the MRMR method (for original images) and RFE (with a wavelet filter), combined with the LR model, achieved the best performance (ACC: 0.79; AUC: 0.78). The highest predictive performance for MRI radiomic features was obtained using MRMR and the SVM model for original images (ACC: 0.88; AUC: 0.87). Furthermore, for images with the wavelet filter, the combination of RFE and the LR model yielded the best results (ACC: 0.78; AUC: 0.87). For EUS images, the MRMR and LR models showed the best predictive performance for both original (ACC: 0.89; AUC: 0.89) and filtered images (ACC: 0.81; AUC: 0.80).
Conclusion
The findings indicate that radiomics features obtained from pretreatment CT, MRI, and EUS images have the potential to accurately predict treatment response in patients with LARC. The SVM and LR classifiers, when combined with MRMR and RFE feature selection algorithms and the wavelet filter, demonstrated robust predictive performance. Among the different imaging modalities, EUS produced the best results in terms of ACC and AUC values.
{"title":"Treatment response prediction in rectal cancer patients: A radiomics study of multimodality imaging methods","authors":"Yan Huang , Le Lin , Shuke Sun , Huande Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.medengphy.2025.104434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The present work aims to assess the correlation of radiomics textural features derived from computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and endorectal ultrasound (EUS) images, combined with dosimetric and clinical features, to predict treatment response in patients with rectal cancer using machine learning algorithms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 84 individuals diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) were utilized, and radiomic features were extracted from the specified region of interest. Feature selection was performed using the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (Lasso), Minimum Redundancy Maximum Relevance (MRMR), and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE). Predictive modeling employed machine learning algorithms, including Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Logistic Regression (LR). Model performance was assessed based on metrics including accuracy (ACC), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), precision, sensitivity, and specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For CT images, the MRMR method (for original images) and RFE (with a wavelet filter), combined with the LR model, achieved the best performance (ACC: 0.79; AUC: 0.78). The highest predictive performance for MRI radiomic features was obtained using MRMR and the SVM model for original images (ACC: 0.88; AUC: 0.87). Furthermore, for images with the wavelet filter, the combination of RFE and the LR model yielded the best results (ACC: 0.78; AUC: 0.87). For EUS images, the MRMR and LR models showed the best predictive performance for both original (ACC: 0.89; AUC: 0.89) and filtered images (ACC: 0.81; AUC: 0.80).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate that radiomics features obtained from pretreatment CT, MRI, and EUS images have the potential to accurately predict treatment response in patients with LARC. The SVM and LR classifiers, when combined with MRMR and RFE feature selection algorithms and the wavelet filter, demonstrated robust predictive performance. Among the different imaging modalities, EUS produced the best results in terms of ACC and AUC values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49836,"journal":{"name":"Medical Engineering & Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"Article 104434"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145099333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号